Al-Esraa university college journal for social and humanity sciences

The research aims to reveal the diversity management strategies of the
Popular Mobilization Forces and their impact on the mental image in the liberated
areas. In view of the research methodology and in order to achieve its objectives,
the researcher used the in-depth interview method to find out the impact of the
diversity policy on the target groups, as well as building a measure of the mental
image of the popular crowd. The systematic random sample is a probability
sampling. The sample included (1842) respondents from the public in the liberated
areas at a confidence level of (0.97). There is a significant impact of the diversity
management that the martyr engineer followed in crystallizing these impressions.
The study recommended the need to pay attention to completing the steps of the
martyr engineer in adopting diversity management in all formations of the popular
crowd, and the need to form teams to monitor and evaluate the mechanisms of
managing diversity and addressing failures. Emphasis on preventing any bias or
discrimination within the popular crowd about individuals.

Impressionism was associated with the spirit of the era in which it was
found and persevered to create a balance with a changing world, so it found in it a
determination of the location of both man and nature. It is the birth of the era of

modern technology and visual theories that generated a dynamic trend in man's
attitude towards the aesthetics of composition. From this trend, modernity began

in art, and Impressionism was its beginning.

The research aims to determine and know the extent of the impact of the
efficiency of banking performance on the market value of shares in the banking
work of the banks in the study sample. The research problem focused on knowing
and measuring the correlations and impact of banking performance indicators and
the market value of the shares of the banks in the study sample. In order to reach
knowledge of that effect, the study sample was chosen. (The Investment Bank
of Iraq) was used as a sample for the study to distinguish it from the rest of the
private banks for the years (2017-2021). The data was analyzed using the statistical
program (SPSS).
Therefore, the research started from the null hypotheses and the alternative
hypothesis. The null hypothesis was that there was no relationship and a significant
effect of the banking performance indicators on the market value of the bank
shares in the research sample. As for the alternative hypothesis, it started with
the existence of a relationship and a significant effect of the banking performance
indicators on the market value. For bank shares, the research sample. The research

reached a set of conclusions, including the existence of a relationship between
some banking performance indicators and the market value of the bank's shares.
The research also reached a set of recommendations, the most important of which
is the necessity of emphasizing banking departments on using diversification in

achieving banking revenues and not relying on borrowing primarily.

The current research aims to demonstrate the impact of digital leadership in
enhancing strategic flexibility in the Directorate General of Industrial Development,
and through the adoption of the descriptive analytical approach and relying on
the questionnaire tool in collecting data, which amounted to 208 forms, as they
were distributed to a random sample of individuals in various administrative units,

and through the use of relevant statistical methods and the statistical program

package (SPSS 26) A set of results were reached, the most important of which is that

digital leadership positively affects the enhancement of strategic flexibility, so the
Directorate General of Industrial Development must enhance its strategic flexibility
by encouraging digital leadership practices, and on the basis of these results, the
research concluded a set of recommendations, the most important of which is the
need to pay attention to the dimensions of strategic flexibility by promoting the
employment of digital leadership practices and directing them well to benefit from

them in the directorate's strategic flexibility processes.

Banks play an important role in employing the saved funds in investment
and in developing the economic system. The laws of countries, including Iraq,
have been concerned with regulating the work of these banks to ensure that they
perform their work well and protect their customers. Considering that banks are
commercial institutions, their work may be accompanied by a defect that affects
the customers, so it was necessary to impose control over their work to the extent
that a judicial receivership could be imposed on them.The judicial receivership of
banks is a representation that the judiciary entrusts with an urgent and temporary
procedure that it orders based on a provision in the law based on the request of
the interested party if the judge deems it a necessary measure to preserve the
rights and interests of the concerned parties. According to this procedure, the judge
entrusts the receiver with money, whether it is movable or real estate, or a group of
funds for safekeeping and management. The judicial receivership of banks is subject
to specific conditions, especially since the Iraqi legislator did not subject them to
the provisions of bankruptcy in the commercial law.

The research aims to identify the role of servant leadership in enhancing
job performance in the Salah al-Din municipal directorates. The research sample
represented employees in this directorate, as the researchers used the analytical

description approach in his study. Based on the questionnaire form through which
data was collected on the sample studied (85) individuals, the research reached
a set of conclusions, the most important of which is that there are no significant
differences from the perspective of the sample members in terms of age, gender,
and years of service, and there is no significant correlation to servant leadership on
performance. Career in Salah al-Din municipal directorates This indicates that an
increase in the level of servant leadership according to its four dimensions is not
accompanied by an increase or decrease in job performance in Salah al-Din districts.

This study aimed to determine the impact of modernizing management
information systems in improving the organizational performance of the center of
the Ministry of Education in Iraq. The descriptive analytical method was used to
collect and analyze information; the quantitative method in relation to statistical
data and their analysis; and the use of the qualitative approach in order to conduct
interviews with specialists in the Ministry to in-depth analysis of the results.
A purposive and convenient sample was selected from the employees of
the Ministry of Higher Education Center, and scientific research and distributed
(210) questionnaires to them, excluding the damaged (8) questionnaires that were
not suitable for study, while (202) questionnaires were adopted because they are
suitable for analysis. The statistical software (SPSS) was used to analyze the data
in order to achieve the objectives of the study. The study concluded that there
is a statistically significant effect of information systems, in all its dimensions,
for improving organizational performance. The study presented a number of
recommendations and suggestions for future studies.

The Curren research aimdat defining the stages of the formative process and
the dimensions of Organizational behavior as well as manifesting the impact of the
relationship between them at the hotel organizations researched (Internat Palestine
Hotel). The research was based on main hypothesis from which four sub hypothese
were branched, all of them were subjcted to several tests to verify their validation
Corto ensure its anthenticity. The research followed the deseriptiv analytic mothod,
The sample consisted of (72) questionnaire at technical and administrative workers,
Directors and department heads in the hotel organization, (64) questionnaires
Were obtained Itis suitable for analysis. The research arrived at several results such
as: having an effect among the research variables formative process, Organizational
behavior, the result was agreed with the hypothesis from which the research,
the research Suggested anumber of recommdations such as: Necessity of setting

programs that have been chosen compatible with Organizational of behavior
therefore, it works with contrast Organizational behavior and Importance for all
administrative levels And it represents apart from formative behaviore.

Public relations sought to apply these modern technologies in line with
technological innovations, to contribute to keeping pace with development and
competition with other institutions, which led to many institutions relying on
these technologies to obtain information and news and market the image of the
institution to the public, and based on that, the study aimed to identify the level
of The reliance of public relations employees on artificial intelligence techniques
in marketing the image of the institution, To achieve this goal, the descriptive
approach will be used in the manner of surveying and statistical analysis of the
study tool, the questionnaire that was distributed to an non-probability sample of
(106) respondents in the Iraqi private banks.
The results of the study indicated that employing artificial intelligence in the
field of public relations contributes to achieving the organization's goals quickly
and without errors or with few errors, and this was reflected in the high level of
their satisfaction with the use of artificial intelligence techniques. The study also
found that the most services provided by artificial intelligence in the work of public
relations are suggesting the appropriate audience and communicating with them
in technical ways. In addition to the technical aspects such as designing symbols
and logos, which was reflected in the extent to which artificial intelligence greatly
contributes to increasing the organization's communication with its target audience.

The research dealt with the spatial modeling of soil properties and their impact
on the agricultural investment of the district of Mawt / Sulemaniyah Government /
Iraq. The research problem was represented by the extent to which the physical and
chemical properties of the soil match the international standards for its investment
in increasing the agricultural areas in the study area and the use of geographical
techniques in making a spatial model for the ideal and imperfect agricultural
investment for each of the elements of the characteristics Soil, and its hypothesis
was that there is a clear conformity of the physical and chemical properties of the
soil with international standards and it is possible to make a spatial model for ideal
and imperfect agricultural investment for all soil elements.

The objective of the study is to build a digital model that represents the
spatial extension of the ideal and imperfect agricultural investment in the district of
Mawt /Sulemaniyah Government / Iraq based on geographic information systems.
As the areas suitable for agricultural investment (ideal) appeared in the section
that included samples (4,5,6,7) located sporadically to the northeast, north and
northwest of the research area, while the average ideal area included the sample
(3) located to the west of the research area and separate parts from the north,
middle and southwest of the region, while the least ideal sample included (1,2)
extending from the southwest towards the west in a continuous manner.

Language studies have evolved considerably like other sciences, and this development
has shown research directed towards analyzing texts and diving between their vocabulary
and structures to sense near and far meanings .Searching the angles and interconnections
of the texts and ending with results that give the recipient complete pictures of the textual
concepts to realize their potentials and understand their study the supplications that the
intentions.

Many scholars have been researching Arab heritage, especially religious and literary
heritage, in attempts to explore its goals and understand its dimensions attempts is to people of the House of Prophecy (peace be upon them) have been unique to,
so they filled them with the stomachs of books; Why is supplication an important means of
linking with God Almighty . The human need, weakness, and impoverishment are evident in
it, and supplication has become a state within the slave tissue to which the believer escapes.
Our nation has left us with literature of supplications and memories in various
areas of need, public and private, and the need has become necessary to study them .
Our choice to study the supplication (morning) of Imam Ali (peace be upon him) as one
of those important claims; As it relates to the opening of the believer's day as a matter of
perpetuation, and the diversity of language methods used in it . Which made it a complete

text in terms of formulation, structures and contextual interconnection. This modest study

came on two important discussions with an introduction and a prelude: The first research
revolves around the glossary of the words contained therein . The second discussion
came in a brief explanation of the high contents of the supplication in terms of language,
grammatical methods, choice of words and tools for linking sentences, with an explanation
of the effect of the repetition of words and letters and their characteristics . The musical
aspect of the effect of dormancy, repetition, and antagonism on the verbal and synthetic
flow, and the correlation and attachment of words together in an integrated fabric.

With the advancement of technology and the use of the Internet, electronic
crimes have spread, including the crime of electronic bullying, which has become
a clear phenomenon, especially with the increase in the number of users on social
media, reaching about 227 million users during the past year. The number of users
of social media platforms reached 4.7 billion users by July 2022, according to the
latest Global Statshot Report, issued by the Data and Analytics Platform. That
is, approximately more than half of the world's population, which amounts to 4
billion people. The crime of cyberbullying is considered one of the most serious
modern crimes, because of its impact on the victim that may often lead to him
committing suicide. Technology always precedes laws, whenever modern means of
committing crimes appear. The law must develop with it in order to find legislative
and executive mechanisms to confront it, and through this research we will try to
reach modern mechanisms to confront the crime of cyberbullying at the national

and international levels.

This research traces the origins of modernization in Japan during the reign of
Emperor Meiji from (1868 to 1912) and in Iraq, which was divided into states subject
to the rule of the Ottoman Empire from (1869 to 1914) to shed light on the resulting
political, economic and social transformations that had a clear impact in making Japan
the strongest country in East Asia since the beginning of the twentieth century.
Despite what happened to Japan during World War II, it reorganized its
power again in a record period and then resumed its position in the international
community. This was unlike what happened in Iraq, which witnessed serious reform
attempts, especially by Midhat Pasha (1869-1872). However, these reforms did not
last and were followed by stages of decline and regression.
The researcher adopted the comparative approach which is considered one
of the most important educational research approaches as its importance lies in its
attempt to trace the factors and reasons that lead to the emergence, development,
and modernization of countries in comparison with other experiences as a reflective
mirror for diagnosing and revealing those factors that controlled and thus led to
success in the region during a specific historical stage.
The research problem is based on investigating the factors that helped to sustain
the modernization experience in Japan in one hand and its failure in Iraq on the other
hand, in other words, studying modernization in both Japan and Iraq and identifying the
roots of that modernization and tracing the circumstances that led to the success and
continuation of modernization in Japan and its failure In Iraq according to the theory
of change and continuity that accompanied the Japanese experience, which Professor
(Peter Mitchell) considers "never absent from any era of Japanese history," pointing out
that the roots of modernization began during the era of Tokukawa's family.
What was achieved during the (Meiji) era is a continuation of what was
achieved in previous stages according to the theory of change and discontinuity
adopted by Professor Mahmoud Al-Qaysi when studying the Iraqi and Arab situation.

The water crisis is one of the important crises that Iraq has suffered from,
represented by an increase in the need for water and a decrease in the volume of

imports.

Most of the water that Iraq obtains comes from the regional environment,
and neighboring countries have begun to establish water facilities on the course
of common rivers. Consequently, the amount of water that Iraq obtains has
decreased, and the consequences of this for Iraq are that the country has tended
to expand. Relying on neighboring countries to meet its food needs, the expansion
of internal desertification, the expansion of migration from the countryside to the
city, the conversion of part of agricultural lands into residential lands, and other
repercussions that indicated that the water crisis caused strategic damage to Iraq.

The study of economic relations between two countries is one of the important
topics in modern studies, because the economic aspect is what determines the
relationship between them and imposes itself on the political, social and cultural

aspect.

Therefore, the choice was made to study the economic relations between
Algeria and China, because of the economic components that these countries
possess. Relations between Algeria and China began with the former's resistance
to French colonialism, and China was one of the countries that supported Algeria's
independence. After that, relations continued and took an economic turn, as
Algeria is a country rich in oil and natural gas, and China has emerged since it took
its role in 1971, on the world level. It began to compete with major countries, and
found in Algeria something that met its ambitions.
Likewise, Algeria did not deny China's position with it in its resistance to
liberation from French colonialism. Relations between the two countries developed
and became purely economic, in which Chinese investments became active, and
were prominent in housing projects, railways, paving roads, establishing refineries,
and reviving agricultural areas. All of these projects were undertaken by China
inside Algeria, in return the latter exported crude oil and phosphate, Iron and other
natural resources that China needs.

The Kingdom of the Visigoths is considered one of the most important East
Germanic kingdoms, which was founded on the ruins of the Roman Empire in
Western Europe, The history of this kingdom went through major transformations
until a sprawling independent kingdom was established that included most of the
cities of southwestern Gaul and the Iberian Peninsula, but the most important of
these transformations occurred During the reign of King Alaric II (484-507 AD), who

was distinguished from other Germanic kings in that he left behind a legal heritage,
it was considered the greatest legal work issued by a German king, to the point of its
importance and fame that it became one of the foundations of the laws of modern
European law However, despite Alaric II's interest in issuing civil and ecclesiastical
laws aimed at strengthening the stability and unity of the Visigothic Kingdom
His reign witnessed a lot of weakness, as a result of the policy of tolerance that
prevailed in his character as he was not naturally inclined to cruelty and bloodshed,
in addition to the rise of the power of the Franks under the leadership of Clovis,
who aspired to extend his influence On all parts of Gaul, this is what led to the
end of the rule of the Alaric and the loss of the Visigothic Kingdom of the capital,
Toulouse, and other parts of Gaul, and the decline of Visigothic rule only in Gaul and
most parts of the Iberian Peninsula.

Due to the fact that traditional cost management accounting has lost
its ability to provide important information for business management in the
face of advanced technological innovations, it has become necessary to
develop and implement new cost and management accounting methods.
The target costing method is one of the most important approaches to
strategic cost management. The target cost is applied to the product in the
design and development stage, thus reducing the cost in the initial stage of
production.
The aim of this study is to examine the possibility of applying the target
cost method in the Iraqi industrial sector. The practical application was
carried out on 20 industrial companies currently operating in Iraq, and
according to the descriptive approach and after referring to the literature of
the subject, the primary data was collected by means of a questionnaire
designed for this purpose, and after data tabulation Analysing and examining
them using statistical methods, it was concluded: The Iraqi factories do not
apply the method of calculating the target cost in full, but they meet some
conditions that require the application of this method.