Journal of Al Imam Al-Adham University College

Digital currencies are one of the most important modern means of payment, and
they are the main umbrella that includes all types of currencies, whether electronic,
legal digital, virtual, stable or encrypted.Digital currencies are one of the most prominent
modern innovations that helped shape the global financial system, which has become
a simulation of all economic developments of the era, which in turn was reflected
in the currency market, which formed the main axis in the development of societies
to achieve economic benefit and more growth as a result of trading such currencies,
whether digital or virtual.The emergence of digital currencies in 2008 had an effective
impact on the movement of commercial markets and currency market trading, as they
became one of the modern means of payment that began to take an alternative role to
traditional currencies.The study dealt with, through my research on the title of digital
currencies and the risks of using them, an economic jurisprudential study, the most
important contemporary means that contributed to identifying and studying encrypted
digital currencies, explaining their features and characteristics, adapting them in
jurisprudence, and knowing their legal ruling, as well as exposing the most important
reasons for the spread of digital currencies in society and ways of dealing with their
importance and making them another means of multiple means of profit.The research
was divided into two sections, the first section is the nature of digital currencies and
defining them, while the second section is The legal ruling on digital currencies and
practical solutions for dealing with them through the most important rules established
in Islamic jurisprudence and economics and ways to regulate this matter.

One of the blessings that Allah has made easy in this time is the blessing of easy
communication, through various fixed and mobile means.These blessings can only be
thanked for by using them and exploiting them correctly, and this can only be done
by making these means in obedience to Allah, or at least in what Allah has permitted.
Using a mobile phone while driving is a major cause of car accidents.When drivers
use their phones while driving, their attention is diverted from the road, and their
reaction time is noticeably slower; This can lead to drivers failing to notice traffic
signals, pedestrians and other vehicles, leading to collisions and accidents that cause
damage to lives or property due to the use of the phone to call or send a text message.
Most traffic accidents are the result of being distracted by it, as well as using it at
work or during teaching, whether in schools or universities, which leads to wasting
time at the expense of the student or the institution in which he works, which leads to
the loss of time and production, unless its use is necessary for the worker or teacher,
and therefore it has been made within the controls of Sharia in order to preserve the
lives and property of others.Our final supplication is that praise be to God, Lord of
the Worlds, and prayers and peace be upon the Master of Messengers and his family
and companions.

“Definitiveness” (Arabic: qatʿ)—in its various meanings and implications—has
a significant influence on a wide range of jurisprudential issues with diverse designations.
These issues vary according to their subject matter and content.Although
“qatʿ” is a single term, it encompasses numerous meanings dispersed across the broad
chapters of Islamic jurisprudence.It is not confined to a single interpretation or topic.
Such concepts require thorough investigation and study in the books of fiqh to bring
the subject into full clarity and completeness, with a well-defined idea and free from
confusion or ambiguity.It should be noted that the linguistic meaning of “qatʿ” does
not significantly differ from its technical meanings; rather, it closely aligns with them.
Each scholarly study must be based on fundamental principles and foundations to
ensure academic rigor and objectivity.This research adheres to established scientific
methods used by scholars and researchers, including the verification of information,
critical examination of ideas, and the validation of sources.For example, the transaction
of a minor is considered valid and effective, even without the explicit consent of
the guardian who oversees the minor’s affairs.Likewise, if a person intends to discontinue
a voluntary act of worship aimed at seeking nearness to God, it is permissible, as
it is not an obligatory duty.The sacred precinct (ḥaram) is inviolable and must not be
harmed or violated.If any harm occurs, it must be remedied, and the responsible party
is liable—whether it involves cutting a tree or causing any other damage.
All of this clarifies the importance of the topic and its prevalence across numerous
issues within various chapters of jurisprudence.

This study aimed to examine the position of the Jordanian legislator regarding the
effects arising with respect to third parties due to the sale of movable collateral. One
of the key findings of the research is that, in the researchers’ view, the issue of good
faith and bad faith is a matter of fact that may be proven by all means of evidence. It
is ultimately subject to the discretion of the trial judge, as it is a factual issue that the
judge derives from the circumstances of each case.The researchers concluded that the
Jordanian legislator has indirectly provided several protective guarantees for third parties
acting in good faith when movable collateral is sold. Among the most significant
recommendations is the need for the Jordanian legislator to amend Article (30) of the
Movable Property Security Rights Law to explicitly include the guarantor’s right to
submit a request for seizure to the execution judge, similar to the rights granted to the
secured creditor. This recommendation is based on the legal possibility that the failure
to apply the concept of voluntary enforcement might be due to the secured creditor’s
misconduct for specific purposes, while the guarantor might be willing to fulfill the
obligations, particularly if the collateral depreciates over time, affecting its market
value. This is legally permissible, especially considering that voluntary enforcement
is, in essence, an agreement.

This research seeks to study the meaning of color in the poetry of Al-Andalusi poet
Yusuf bin Harun al-Ramadi al-Qurtubi, as one of the elements of the artistic image,
using Divan al-Shaer as a model for this study. This study is based on the evocation
of the colors that the poet uses in poetry, namely: white, black, and red, as well as the
use of other colors.For example: green, yellow, blue and violet. The one who took
multiple actions for the purpose of explaining about Mushairah.
He has followed the research stages of studying the meanings of multiple colors
that affect the poetic text, and discovered its psychological and artistic expressions.
At the end of the waqf on the witnesses in which the element of color in the madman
is evident.

This study was about the narrators from whom Ibn Adi narrated, who lived in the
land of Samarra, with a brief biography of them, in which their names, sheikhs, and
students were mentioned. In my study, I followed the inductive method by following
all the narrators from whom Ibn Adi studied or heard from. The importance of the
research is due to the statement of the sheikhs of Ibn Adi from whom he took his narration
from the people of Samarra. It has been shown that the number of sheikhs from
whom Ibn Adi studied from the people of Samarra was eighteen sheikhs mentioned
by Al-Khatib in his book.

Generic Deviation refers to a shift in the stylistic structure of discourse to another
level, by displacing linguistic constructions from their original syntactic positions or
by alternating between pronouns of presence and absence, or between internal and
external perspectives. These transformations produce new semantic dimensions that
break the reader’s expectations in unforeseen ways, showcasing the poet’s mastery
and unique ability to utilize the expressive potential embedded in language.

The knowledge of legal maxims in the field of usul al-fiqh (principles of Islamic
jurisprudence) is among the most esteemed and elevated sciences, for it provides the
foundation for understanding Islamic rulings and the basis for issuing legal verdicts.
These maxims serve as the referential framework to which all subsidiary issues return.
One who does not comprehend the methods of derivation in light of these overarching
principles cannot fully grasp the legal system, nor clearly perceive the rulings intended
by the Sharia. Numerous Qur’anic verses and Prophetic traditions delineate what
is lawful and unlawful, thereby offering the basis for deriving rulings and subsidiary
issues through evidence encompassed by legal maxims.
The necessity thus arises to explore these maxims and principles as dispersed
throughout scholarly works, in order to highlight their role in identifying the lawful
and the unlawful, and to demonstrate their importance in the derivation of legal rulings.
This also includes clarifying the different perspectives and interpretive approaches, especially
when questions are raised, often by those outside the field of specialisation,
regarding the lack of clear legal boundaries for certain actions. These maxims are not
merely theoretical constructs but reflect an integrated approach that combines rational
judgment with scriptural guidance. Clarifying the foundational basis of these maxims,
as well as the scholarly disagreements surrounding them, opens new horizons for
narrowing juristic disputes, away from rigid or stagnant interpretations of evidence.
The innovation of this study lies in its systematic identification of the maxims related
to prohibition, along with their theoretical foundations and jurisprudential applications,
making them more accessible to students and scholars alike. The study discusses
the definition, types, and significance of legal maxims and then analyses the rulings
on actions governed by these maxims, with jurisprudential examples provided for each
category. The study concludes with a summary of key findings and recommendations.

This research came to show that the ancient Arabic scholars relied in transmitting
the Arabic language and establishing rules on the common Arabic language that
reached them from the pure Arabs, represented by some tribes whose people did not
mix with the city dwellers. This criterion was applicable to the tribes of Qais, Asad,
Tamim, Hudhayl, some of the Tai’i and Kinanah, and they judged the dialects of the
other tribes as rare or abnormal, so they did not take from them, and they neglected
the linguistic characteristics of these tribes. This neglect encouraged some grammarians
and linguists to reject some Quranic readings, considering them as deviant from
the rules that they derived from the famous dialects that they accepted. In addition,
neglecting these dialects contributed to not graduating many of the linguistic phenomena
that appeared in the poetic verses of the ancient poets, and this loses Language:
Flexibility in dealing with the linguistic development of the Arabic language.

This research aims to study and analyze the role of Islamic theological thought (alfikr
al- aqdi) in confronting the phenomenon of contemporary atheism, y examining
the most prominent methodologies adopted by scholars, preachers, and thinkers in
respondin to its doubts. The syudy deconstructs the intellectual foundations of modern
atheism- whether epistemological, philosophical, or psychological- and compares
them with the authentic tenets of Islamic creed, highlighting the comprehensiveness
and coherence of Islamic theology in addressing such challenges.

One of the most important lessons that Muslim preachers should fully understand is
proclaiming the word of truth and calling to Islam. The religion that Allah has chosen
for His servants is a unified whole that does not accept half-measures. Allah wants His
law to be applied in its entirety, without diminishment, in accordance with legislative
prohibitions that aim to protect and dignify humanity, ensuring a dignified life based
on educational principles.
During the Meccan period, a time of weakness for Muslims, some courageously
proclaimed the word of truth for the sake of Islam. This research will highlight Quranic
verses related to proclaiming the truth and provide examples of individuals who
played a significant role in this regard, including those mentioned in the Quran. The
best example is the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), other prophets and
messengers (peace be upon them), the companions of the Prophet Muhammad (peace
be upon him), and the righteous followers (may Allah have mercy on them).

Sufi poetry is one of the poetic purposes that began to prevail in poetry with the
emergence of Islam, and began to flourish and strengthen in the Abbasid and Andalusian
eras, and has since then extended in Arabic literature in both poetry and prose,
and has become popular in the Andalusian moshav with the religious trips that Andalusian
poets used to make to the East, and we will try in our study to address the
Sufi moshav by Abi Al-Hassan Al-Shishtari by studying the thematic and semantic
aspect in it, and knowing the most important pillars that he stood on in his mystical
moshavs In my research, I followed the analytical method, and the research included a
preface, two research papers and a conclusion. In the preface, I explained the meaning
of Sufism in language and terminology, as well as the relationship of mysticism to art,
the concept of Sufi poetry, and its relationship with Andalusian literature. In the first
research paper, I dealt with Al-Shishtari’s mushahat in a thematic study, indicating the
most important mystical themes that he relied on, and in the second research paper,
I studied the mushahat in a semantic study in which I identified the most important
semantic methods used by Al-Shishtari.

The verses about unity (al-ulfah) are mentioned five times in the Holy Qur’an. In
chronological order, they appear in Surah Aal Imran, Al-Anfal, At-Tawbah, An-Nur,
and the fifth in Surah Quraysh — which is the focus of this study.
The unity of Quraysh refers to their state before the Prophet Muhammad’s (peace
be upon him) mission and after the event of the birds (Ababil) being sent against
those who came to destroy the Kaaba — the Sacred House of Allah.
Surahs Al-Fil and Quraysh are closely connected, forming what appears to be a
single thematic unit.
Surah Quraysh contains various recitations (qira’at), rhetorical meanings, and harmonious
connections between its verses.
Studying Surah Quraysh is not limited to a historical interpretation; rather, it offers
lessons and admonitions. It reflects Allah’s defense of His House, how He united the
Quraysh and granted them security both within and outside of Mecca. These blessings
from Allah were the reason He commanded Quraysh to worship Him alone and not
associate anything with Him

The aim of the research was to identify:
1-Cognitive absorption among students.
2-The significance of statistical differences in cognitive absorption according to the
variable of gender – grade).
3-Academic boredom among students.
4-The significance of statistical differences in academic boredom according to the
variable (gender – specialization).
5-The significance of the differences in the correlation between cognitive absorption
and academic boredom among students according to Variables: gender and class
To achieve the research objectives, the researcher relied on the following:The researcher
prepared a cognitive absorption scale based on previous studies and different
scales, as: The scale consists of 20 items distributed over four dimensions: (enjoyment,
control, curiosity, and immersion). The researcher also adopted the Farmer and
Sundberge scale. (1968) consisting of 27 paragraphs. The researcher applied the scale
to a sample of 400 students.
Intermediate stage, with 140 males and 260 females for the academic year 2024-
2025.
The results were as follows:
1-Students suffer from cognitive absorption
2- There are statistically significant differences in cognitive absorption according
to the variable (gender), and there are no statistically significant differences for the
grade.
3-Students suffer from academic boredom.
4-There are statistically significant differences in academic boredom according to
the variable (gender), in favor of males, and there are no statistically significant differences
for grade H.
5-The correlation between cognitive absorption and academic boredom among students
does not differ according to Student gender and grade.
The research concluded with a discussion of the results and the presentation of
some recommendations and suggestions.

This research is based on the study of the renewed kinetic connotations of the word
“al-Layl” (the night) in the Holy Qur’an. Night and day are two great cosmic signs
among the signs of Allah in creation. They testify to the precision of the universe’s
structure and the orderly motion of the Earth around its tilted axis, at a specific degree,
and with remarkable accuracy along a fixed orbit around the sun. This motion results
in the determination of the Earth’s year, the alternation of climatic seasons, and the
passage of months, weeks, and days, as well as the succession of night and day on both
hemispheres of the Earth.
The regular alternation between the dark night and the bright day on the two halves
of the globe is essential for sustaining life on Earth and for the continuation of its various
forms until Allah inherits the Earth and all that is upon it. Through this alternation
between darkness and light, the distribution of solar energy to the Earth is regulated,
which in turn helps control temperature, humidity, and light intensity across different
environments on Earth.

This research addresses a unique phenomenon in Arabic literature, particularly in
Andalusian poetry, which involves the depiction of social and cultural phenomena
within that literature. These phenomena were prominently evident in the fifth and
sixth centuries of the Hijra, during which Andalusia experienced significant political
and intellectual changes. The study highlights the reasons and motivations behind
poetic expressions that critique these two groups, which are considered distinctive
societal segments in terms of perception and interaction. This critique arises from
various motivations, including social rejection, power struggles, dissatisfaction with
governance, or deviation from the principles of the noble Sharia.
The study explores the artistic and rhetorical aspects in the poetic texts formulated
around these concepts, such as irony, satire, mockery, Quranic references, and paradox.
It employs a critical analytical approach, following poetic models from Andalusian
poets like Ibn Hamdis, Ibn Shahid, and Al-Mu’tamid ibn Abbad, among others.
The research illustrates how the image of the scholar or judge is manifested as a symbol
of hypocrisy, oppression, or complicity. Conversely, it also shows how another
group defended scholars as a religious symbol and a method of piety and uprightness.
The findings reveal that the critique directed at scholars and judges was not mere
superficial mockery; rather, it reflected social awareness and cultural depth, intertwined
with genuine tensions between literary authority and religious or judicial authority.
This type of critique serves as a tool for understanding the intellectual and
authoritative structure within Andalusian society.

This research is a critical study of all types of defects (ʿilal) found in the narrations
of Hisham ibn Sa’d al-Madani that are deemed problematic due to conflicting reports
attributed to him. The study presents the various aspects of these discrepancies,
traces their sources, and identifies the narrators who reported from Hisham ibn Sa’d
al-Madani, with an evaluation of their reliability. It further distinguishes the stronger
narrations from the weaker ones based on supporting evidence and issues a verdict
on the most reliable chain of transmission. The study consists of an introduction, a
preface, three main sections, a conclusion with recommendations, footnotes, and a list
of key sources and references.

This study, entitled Chapter Six: Prohibitions in the Book “Sharḥ Fiqh Al-Kaydānī”
by Imam Ismāʿīl Ḥaqqī al-Burūsawī (d. 1137 AH), is one of the important
researches that addressed the forbidden acts in prayer according to the school of
Imam Abū Ḥanīfah, which are fourteen prohibitions. It clarifies the evidence from the
Qur’an and Sunnah, documents the citations from the authoritative books of the Ḥanafī
school, and compares them with the differing opinions of scholars from other jurisprudential
schools: the Mālikīs, Shāfiʿīs, and Ḥanbalīs. The study is distinguished
by its explanation of jurisprudential terms, comprehensive coverage of prayer-related
issues and their rulings in a unique style and meticulous arrangement, preceded by an
examination of Imam al-Burūsawī’s personal and scholarly life and the verification of
the book’s title. All praise is due to Allah, the Lord of the worlds, and may Allah’s
blessings be upon our Master Muḥammad, his family, and all his companions.