The White Dome Journal

Our eminent scholars have devoted considerable attention to the narrations transmitted from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) and the pure Imams (peace be upon them) from various perspectives: verification and dissemination, commentary and explanation, study and narration, approximation and clarification, abbreviation, refinement, and foundation. Therefore, I chose to research a topic from the topics of hadith commentaries, namely, the methods and methods of explaining the noble hadith. This research aims to clarify the methods of hadith commentaries and the efforts of hadith scholars in explaining the prophetic hadith. I have limited myself to detailing two important approaches: one from the Sunni community, namely Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani in his book Fath al-Bari fi Sharh Sahih al-Bukhari. The other approach from the Imami Shi›a was taken up by al-Shahid al-Thani in his book Istiqsā› al-I›tibar fi Sharh al-Istibsar, relying on the analytical and descriptive approach.

This research aims to study some Quranic verses that represent a miraculous linguistic aspect, as well as the scientific miracle of the Holy Quran. This research examines the semantic integration of the verses «And what will make you know?» which comprise thirteen verses. Most of them discuss the Day of Resurrection and recompense, while others address worldly issues. Reaching semantic integration requires examining the linguistic and contextual connotations of the questioner and the interpreter.

This research addresses the concept of Ṣadd as it appears in Arabic This study explores the concept of «ṣadd» (obstruction or aversion) as it appears in Arabic lexicons and Qur›anic texts, through an analytical examination of its linguistic meanings and its conceptual development within the Qur›anic context. This term is among the rich expressions in the Arabic language, bearing multiple connotations that revolve around the ideas of prevention, disruption, and diversion from a specific path. Al-Khalil ibn Ahmad al-Farahidi noted that among its meanings are laughter and uproar, indicating a loud and disruptive reaction, which can symbolically point to attempts at creating confusion or distraction in a given context. Additionally, Arabic dictionaries record other meanings, such as boiling water, what flows from the people of Hell, and blood mixed with pus, which suggests harsh, physical suffering. Another key usage refers to diverting something from its intended direction, a meaning central to its Qur’anic usage.
In the Qur›anic discourse, the semantic field of ṣadd expands to encompass theological, social, and historical dimensions. The concept and its derivatives occur in nearly thirty-eight to forty instances, reflecting its significance and centrality in the Qur›anic narrative. In many of these verses, ṣadd refers to deliberate acts of turning people away from belief in God, from following His messengers, and from embracing the truth. The Qur’an portrays this obstruction as a recurring act of hostility practiced by the forces of falsehood to hinder the spread of divine guidance.
A thematic study of these Qur›anic instances reveals that ṣadd is not merely a physical or verbal act but rather a systematic and continuous resistance against divine guidance. This resistance may manifest through various forms such as doubt-casting, misinformation, threats, abuse, or incitement. Though the methods may differ across historical and societal contexts, the core remains the same: a persistent effort to oppose truth and block access to guidance.
Since the earliest stages of human history, this behavior has formed a central axis in the conflict between truth and falsehood. With every prophetic mission, there emerged opposing forces that attempted to silence or extinguish the light of revelation. Thus, the concept of ṣadd is closely tied to the broader context of prophethood and divine mission, serving as the consistent reaction of corrupt powers against reformative calls.
Analyzing this concept through the lens of the Qur’anic text allows for a deeper understanding of its functional dimensions—doctrinally and socially. It enables interpretive insights into how the Qur’an employed the term to describe the behaviors of individuals and communities rejecting the truth, accompanied by clear warnings for believers and encouragement to remain firm and resilient in the face of adversity.
Therefore, the term ṣadd in the Qur’an is not merely a passing linguistic expression; it is a profound Qur’anic term carrying a complex semantic structure that intertwines linguistic, historical, theological, and psychological dimensions. This makes it a concept of great significance within Qur’anic storytelling, ethical instruction, and spiritual guidance

The outbreak of the Algerian revolution on November 1, 1954 had a great official and popular response in Libya despite its recent independence, as King Idris and the Libyan government showed their sympathy with the brotherly Algerian people in their liberation revolution that aimed to achieve the independence of Algeria and free its people from the clutches of the brutal French colonialism. The research included three axes. The first axis dealt with the joint solidarity between the Libyan and Algerian peoples before the outbreak of the Algerian revolution, while the second axis presented Libya’s role in supporting the Algerian national liberation movement. The third axis lifted the veil on the successive Libyan governments and their political and military support for the Algerian revolution.

The traces are considered one of the most important things that the investigator uses in his investigation to discover the perpetrator and the reason for committing the crime. Therefore, we find that the physical trace is of great importance, because it often leads to verifying the identity and personality of the owner of the trace. Verifying identity or personality means: “identifying a thing and distinguishing it from others by its qualities and characteristics that are specific to it and not shared by anything else.” There is no doubt that collecting evidence of a crime is not an easy matter. The confirmed truth is that it is one of the difficult matters, considering it an attempt to extract the truth, to stand on the right path, and this will not be achieved unless we deal with these techniques with caution and precision. After finding the physical trace, the criminal investigator describes it in the condition and position in which it was found at the crime scene. He also describes the entrances and exits of the crime scene and any traces that may be found there. If the crime is a murder, he describes the body and links it to fixed landmarks, and determines the position it was in. He also identifies the locations of the weapons used in the crime. Then he takes a photo. The latter is a visual recording of the physical trace at the crime scene that combines the clarity and accuracy of photography and works to show the trace as it really is without change. Photography, whether photographic or television, is of great importance in knowing the size and color of the trace and what it indicates. It also helps in uncovering the mystery of the crime.

The wheel of history continues to change and develop, whether on the intellectual side, or on the historical side, and the scholars of Baghdad have accompanied that change and development and were affected by it, and they affected it, but that influence and influence was largely linked to power and its men, who in turn were affected by the country›s political conditions and fluctuations, as this stage witnessed great developments in the political aspects, military, and economic aspects The intellectual crises that occurred as a result of political conflicts and wars were an obstacle without the contributions and creativity of scholars, but despite this, the role of scientists and thinkers in political and military participation emerged, as well as their role in religious contribution and intellectual and cultural enrichment, so they drew the way to confront and overcome great challenges, and renewed neighborhoods and reform.

Because environmental pollution may result in legal action according to administrative regulation, significant oversight is implemented to ensure that environmental-related decisions are properly implemented. This constitutes a true guarantee for protecting the principle of legality, the preservation of rights, and the human right to a clean environment There is also a lack of specialized studies on executive oversight of environmental enforcement authorities. This means that public privacy is urgently needed, and this undoubtedly lends this topic significant importance.against any action that may directly or indirectly affect it.

This study presents a chronological analysis of the development of education in Iraq during the period 1997–2021, based on government statistical data and the results of academic studies. The study aims to track quantitative trends in primary, secondary, vocational, and higher education and analyze the factors influencing them, such as demographic and economic change. The researchers used a descriptive quantitative approach, relying on tables, maps, and comparisons. Timeline. The results showed a significant growth in the number of schools and students, offset by a weakness in structural balance and geographical distribution. The study offers a new perspective that highlights the need for sustainable educational planning. Its importance lies in documenting the transformation of education from a traditional local context to an integrated system at the national level.

Ijaz (miraculous nature) is one of the most prominent features of the Noble Qur’an. Its forms vary, including linguistic, legislative, scientific, and rhetorical miracles. Among the most significant of these is the doctrinal (ʿaqīdah-based) Ijaz, which pertains to the theological aspects presented in the Qur’an in a way that surpasses human capability to replicate.
By doctrinal Ijaz, we mean the presentation of fundamental issues of faith—such as divinity, prophethood, and the matters of the Hereafter—in a style marked by wisdom and eloquence. It also possesses a powerful influence on the soul, mind, and body, which human beings are incapable of producing, thereby confirming that it is from the All-Wise, the All-Knowing. As Allah the Exalted says:
«Then produce a surah like it and call upon your witnesses other than Allah, if you should be truthful.» [Surat al-Baqarah: 23]
Surat al-Fātiḥah represents a clear model of divine Ijaz, as it encapsulates the foundations of faith within seven concise and eloquent verses. These verses contain depth in meaning, coherence in structure, and comprehensiveness in content, making the surah a fundamental basis for precise theological study. It is called “Umm al-Kitab” (The Mother of the Book) because it is the first to be written in the muṣḥaf and the first to be recited in prayer. Allah the Almighty says:
“And with Him is the Mother of the Book.” [Surat al-Raʿd: 39] (Ibn Hajar,Fath al-Bari, 8/155)

The current study aimed to identify the extent to which statistical thinking skills are included in secondary stage mathematics textbooks in the literary branch. To achieve this goal, the descriptive-analytical method was employed. The researcher adopted the analysis card developed by Saleh (2022), which includes four main skills, 26 sub-skills, and 40 indicators representing these skills. After conducting the content analysis, extracting the results, and processing them statistically, it was found that the mathematics textbooks for the literary branch at the secondary stage do include statistical thinking skills, but to varying degrees. Based on these findings, the researcher made several recommendations, including drawing the attention of mathematics curriculum developers at the Ministry of Education to place greater emphasis on statistical thinking skills and to incorporate them into secondary-level curricula in a more balanced manner. The researcher also proposed several suggestions, including conducting an evaluative study of middle school mathematics textbooks according to statistical thinking skills.

The aim of the research was to identify the role of kindergartens in developing leadership skills among kindergarten children, as well as to identify the significance of statistical differences in leadership skills according to the social gender variable of children (males - females). The researcher relied on the descriptive approach as a research method. The sample consisted of (200) children, both male and female, from government kindergartens who were randomly selected. To achieve the research objectives, the researcher adopted the leadership skills scale of (Ghablan, 2018), where the scale in its final form consisted of (27) paragraphs distributed over three dimensions, which are (self-confidence - social communication - initiative). The researcher verified the psychometric properties of the research tool using appropriate statistical methods. After applying the research scale to individuals, The sample, and the research results concluded that: kindergarten has a great role and importance in developing leadership skills in kindergarten children, and there are no statistically significant differences in leadership skills according to gender (males - females)

This research addresses the highest ranks and levels of those blessed by God. Verse 69 of Surat An-Nisa› classifies them into four categories: the prophets (peace be upon them), the truthful, the martyrs, and the righteous. Those who follow their path and upright approach will be their companions in this world and with them in the Hereafter, even if they are not of the same rank. The nature of the research required that it consist of three sections:The first section, «The Concept of Blessed,» ddresses the reasons for the revelation of the verse, and the linguistic and technical meaning.The second section, «The Ranks of Blessed in the Holy Qur›an,» addresses the prophets, truthful, martyrs, and righteous.The third section, «The Good Companion,» addresses those who adhere to and remain close to those of the highest ranks among those blessed.Introductory Keywords: Prophets, truthful, martyrs, righteous, good companion.

Abi Ghraq district is one of the most important agricultural areas in Babil Governorate, thanks to its strategic location within a fertile alluvial plain and the availability of water resources, including the Euphrates River and its tributaries. As a result of increasing population pressures and food demand, there is a need to assess the district’s agricultural expansion potential to enhance food security and economic development. And the influential human, the results showed that the Abu Ghraq district has great potential for agricultural expansion, as arable land constitutes (75.18%) of its total area with the presence of unused areas that can be reclaimed. The region was also distinguished by fertile soil and a variety of crops from grain crops, vegetables, fruit trees and fodder crops.
The study recommends reclaiming unused lands, improving irrigation efficiency, increasing government support for the region with pesticides, and enhancing mechanization.

The importance of the Kufa Mosque lies in its special status from a historical and archaeological perspective, as it is one of the first mosques built outside the Arabian Peninsula in Islam. If we do not conduct such research regarding media websites and platforms, then we must delve into qualitative research in this field in order to understand the policy of these websites and platforms towards the study sample. This research belongs to the qualitative approach, which is a means of investigation and research to deepen the understanding of human behavior. The researcher used the semiotic approach based on theories of media discourse analysis, such as Van Dijk›s theory. The research reached a set of important results that can enrich and enhance the theoretical literature related to the research topic. Electronic websites are considered a single entity that aims to include the topic to connect people and exchange cultures, as well as transmit information related to the Great Mosque of Kufa through websites and electronic platforms. In addition, it played a significant role in the development of the scientific movement in different eras, as it is one of the centers of knowledge seeking.

The current study aimed to explore the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in the healthcare field within Iraqi society and to determine whether individuals in Iraqi society use AI applications in healthcare, such as medical consultations, disease diagnosis, or patient monitoring assistance. This study sought to highlight the most prominent applications and benefits of using AI programs and software through phones or computers. It is considered the first study to address the term «artificial intelligence» in the healthcare field within sociology in Iraq.
The study consisted of three chapters. The first chapter addressed the study›s problem, its significance, objectives, key concepts, terms, and some models from previous studies. The second chapter covered the characteristics of AI, its components, as well as its advantages and disadvantages. The third chapter included the fieldwork, which involved analyzing statistical table data. The researcher used a social survey method on a research sample of 400 respondents from the study population in Baghdad, employing a questionnaire that included 23 questions. The second section also presented the study›s hypotheses, key findings, and recommendations.
Key Findings of the Study
1. The results indicate that respondents sometimes trust and receive accurate outcomes when using AI applications for health consultations, with a rate of 60%.
2. The results suggest that AI healthcare applications can sometimes serve as alternatives to doctors, with a rate of 72.25%.
3. The results show that AI healthcare applications reduce medical errors, with a rate of 77.50%.
[Key Recommendations of the Study
1. A recommendation to the Ministry of Health to develop AI applications or modern electronic platforms to serve the Iraqi community in healthcare aspects.
2. A recommendation to the Sociology Department to teach modern medical sociology in ways that align with contemporary times.

matters» as a middle ground between the Jabriyya and the Mu›tazilites; nonetheless, their theories were not immune to criticism .The research elucidates that the historical roots of this issue in Islam trace back to early internal conflicts, where Muslims began questioning the meanings of faith and disbelief, and whether sins occur by an unchangeable divine decree, as promoted by the Umayyad authority. The research further clarifies that the doctrine of Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jama›ah views «acquisition» as the act itself, asserting that the servant cannot independently perform his actions, because the act is intermediated between God Almighty and the servant. Ahl al-Sunnah adopted this stance based on explicit texts from the Qur›an and the Sunnah, and to distance themselves from the Jabriyya, who attributed actions entirely to God, and the Mu›tazilites, who attributed actions entirely to the servant. The research notes that the Imamiya attempted to mediate between the views of the Mu›tazilites and the Jabriyya by asserting that humans are true agents of their actions, possessing real capability and will granted by God. They believe that humans have genuine capacity and ability to act, making them responsible for their actions without being compelled. They expressed this by saying: «There is neither compulsion nor delegation, but a matter between two matters,» meaning that humans are neither entirely compelled nor entirely free, but in a position between the two. The comparison shows that the Ash›arites view human actions as created by God, with the servant acquiring them without real influence, raising questions about human responsibility. In contrast, the Imamiya emphasize human freedom and responsibility for their actions, with capability and will granted by God, balancing between compulsion and delegation.

The current study aims to investigate the impact of the PAPSA (P.A.P.S.A.) strategy on written expression among second-grade intermediate female students. To achieve the study›s objective, the researcher used the experimental approach to adhere to the research procedures and methods for achieving results. The researcher relied on a partially controlled experimental design of two equal independent groups (experimental and control) with a randomized test (post-test for expressive performance). The researcher selected a random sample of (67) second-grade intermediate female students from Jumana Intermediate School affiliated with the Salah al-Din Education Directorate/Dujayl District, with (33) students for the experimental group and (34) students for the control group. The researcher taught the students in the experimental group using the PAPSA (P.A.P.S.A.) strategy, while the students in the control group studied the same subjects using the traditional method. The researcher rewarded the students in both groups on several variables, including: (chronological age and previous years› grades). The researcher prepared a questionnaire that included (14) expressive topics that were presented to a group of experts and arbitrators, from which (7) topics were selected. The researcher prepared the educational plans and behavioral objectives and presented them to a group of arbitrators to benefit from their comments and observations on their suitability. The researcher chose the first semester to teach the two research groups because the researcher studied the two groups for (8) weeks, which is the duration of the experiment. The experiment began with (8) weeks, as the experiment began on (10/8/2023) related to Sunday and ended on (11/26/2023) related to Sunday. The two groups were tested on the topics chosen by the experts in the form of written expressions after teaching the students the previous topics. The researcher used the following statistical methods: (T-test for two independent samples, Chi-square 2 and Pearson›s correlation coefficient). The researcher reached the following conclusion: The second-grade students in the experimental group who were taught to express content according to the steps of the PAPSA (P.A.P.S.A) strategy outperformed the second-grade students in the control group who were taught to express content in the traditional way.

Our hearts beat with every flutter of Imam Hussein›s red banner, anticipating the fulfillment of that divine promise which will surely come to pass, even if only one hour remains of the universe›s lifespan. This banner is awaited by hearts before eyes, yearning for the day it is replaced by blessed vengeance, fulfilling the absolute promise made by Allah, the Exalted in Might, to the family of Muhammad and all humanity. This vengeance is for the greatly revered grandson due to the enormity of the calamity and the gravity of the crime committed against Muhammad›s third successor, his second grandson, and the master of the youth of Paradise, Imam Hussein (peace be upon him). This was perpetrated by that misguided group against the Imam of their time, the master of both jinn and humans, and the fifth of the People of the Cloak. Verily, God is His avenger and will recompense him for what he sacrificed in His path and for the preservation of religion and the continuity of communication between people and the Islamic teachings brought by the Messenger of God, Muhammad (peace be upon him and his family), through seeking refuge in the Household of Prophethood and the infallible, chosen descendants of the Messenger of God, who are the pillars of religion and the origin of monotheism. Indeed, Hussein›s vengeance is God›s promise, and who is truer in promise than God?

The research revolves around a new topic in Iraqi legal jurisprudence. This is because the public has become accustomed to submitting to the actions and behavior of judges and public prosecutors, believing them to be above all review and beyond question. They have never previously addressed in detail in comparative legal books the question of whether judges and public prosecutors are open to review because of...
The error occurred while they were confused about their duties or outside the scope of these deadlines. The discouraging research took it upon itself to make a simple, modest claim about the disciplinary system for judges and public prosecutor

The theory of semantic fields is a pivotal framework for examining the meanings related to relevant dictionaries within a specific semantic field. The semantic field is defined as a group of terms that show proximity in meaning and are associated with a joint comprehensive category. This theoretical construction depends on the idea of general concepts that make up the lexicon of the language, which is unified with a common term; This is due to the fact that the language works as a systematic entity where the importance of each component is not related to its nature or its specific appearance, but instead dictates its position and its interdependence within that structure. Consequently, the primary goal of the semantic analysis of the semantic fields is to collect vocabulary related to a specific field and clarify their mutual relationships as well as its association with the comprehensive term. This theoretical framework was used in the work of Ibn Zumar Al -Andalus, which conducted a lexical examination of the terms related to water and related to the water, and explored their meanings and detecting the semantic links between them.

Praise be to God, Lord of the Worlds, and prayers and peace be upon the most honorable of prophets and messengers, Muhammad, and his pure family, and the eternal curse be upon all their enemies. God has bestowed His mercy upon us, opened the doors of His knowledge for us, and bestowed upon us goodness and blessings, for He has guided us to it.
We touched upon the literary heritage left to us by the poets, whose eloquence and fluency were derived from Nahjul Balagha, seeking help from it, hoping for their confidence in the work, relying on God Almighty in all matters, and entrusting the matter to Him.

The subject of ethics has, throughout the ages, occupied a significant place in human thought and concern. Man, by virtue of being human, cannot dispense with ethics at any moment. He always needs an ideal to refer to in his behavior, or a standard by which to judge his own actions and those of others as good or bad. Religion has made ethics the foundation of a devout individual›s conduct, as the Noble Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said: «I was only sent to perfect noble character.»