Al.Qadisiyah journal for the Sciences of Physical Education

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The research aimed to build, apply and identify a scale for an analytical study of the reality of administrative leadership performance in Qatari scout camps affiliated with the Ministry of Education. The construction sample consisted of 128 scout leaders, and the sample was divided into three samples: the exploratory experiment sample (5) individuals, the construction sample (70) individuals, and the application sample (53) individuals. The researchers adopted the descriptive approach using the survey method. The researchers conducted a statistical analysis of the scale phrases to ensure the availability of the scientific conditions for the scale, represented by validity and reliability. The researchers adopted the Likert method in constructing the scale questionnaire, and the scale consisted of (28) phrases distributed over (5) fields, in the final form after the construction process. After that, the final scale was applied to the application sample, and the results were reached and discussed using scientific methods to achieve the research objectives.

The study addresses the impact of the school environment on the psychological security of visually impaired students and their ability to achieve academic success. The results indicate that a sense of psychological security is a fundamental element in enhancing the academic performance of these students. Research has shown that a school environment lacking elements of security leads to increased levels of anxiety and stress, negatively affecting students' self-confidence and their ability to engage socially. The study emphasizes the importance of providing a supportive school environment that enhances students' sense of security, contributing to the development of their relationships with peers and strengthening their ability to achieve academic accomplishments. It also recommends the need to adopt educational strategies that focus on boosting self-confidence and developing social skills, which help visually impaired students overcome the challenges they face. Based on the findings, enhancing psychological security within the school environment is considered a vital step toward improving the academic performance of visually impaired students. This requires collaborative efforts from teachers and administrators to provide the necessary support for these students.

The significance of the study lies in examining the relationship between motor intelligence and ball control to enhance offensive performance in basketball. The researcher observed a weakness in the basic skills of the Rusafa Second Education Team players, attributed to a deficiency in neuromuscular coordination. The study focused on analyzing the causes of this weakness and determining the relationship between balance, agility, ball control components, and offensive performance. Using a descriptive correlational approach, the sample included 8 players. The results revealed a significant correlation between balance, agility, and offensive skills such as free throws and scoring. The study recommended focusing on balance and agility tests and implementing ball control exercises to improve offensive performance.

The success of using training methods to perform any different skills requires special abilitiesthat ensure overcoming the body weight, mass and special physical abilities in developing handball players through the use of special exercises similar to the performance using restrictive bands, which are considered modern training methods in the field of training to reach a high effective skill performance. Given the importance of the physical abilities of handball players, the researcher decided to address this study due to its utmost importance n developing the level of special physical abilities and through developing the physical level of players. The importance of the research was evident in placing before those interested and coaches the use of restrictive bands training to solve the research problem according to scientific foundations to develop some physical abilities and accuracy of shooting from the side of the handball for sample members to score points, which is what every player seeks to secure victory. The researcher believes in adopting scientific research to solve this problem as it is the best way to do it. The research aimed to develop special training using restrictive bands and to identify the effect of these special training using this method in developing some physical abilities and accuracy of shooting at the shoulder level to the side for youth handball players for sample members. The researcher assumed that there are statistically significant differences between the pre- and post-tests in the physical abilities of sample members, and also the existence of statistically significant differences between the pre- and post-tests in the level of accuracy of shooting from the shoulder level to the side of sample members. The researcher identified the research community and his sample as the players of Baghdad youth handball clubs, numbering 10) The research sample was selected consisting of (6) players after (2) dimensions for the exploratory experiment and (2) goalkeepers. Homogeneity was carried out in some variables including height, age, andweight. All field procedures were implemented from tests and pre- and post-tests through which the necessary data were obtained and then appropriate statistics were conducted and tabulated in the form of tables, analyzed, discussed, and conclusions and recommendations were drawn from the achieved results.

The aim of the research is to identify the difficulties and problems of teachers of education and sports sciences in practicing sports activities. (51) male and female teachers in physical education for the outskirts of the capital, Baghdad, Rusafa, were selected for research intentionally from the study community, numbering (71) and at a rate of (71%) of the original community. The researcher used the descriptive method for its suitability to the research procedures. The study includes three areas in the field of physical health, wonderful sports fields and a social field, in practicing sports sciences in the directorate for the outskirts of the capital, Rusafa, attributed to a traditional variable and a social aspect, while there is a relationship between the difficulties and practicing sports activities among students in the directorate for the outskirts of the capital attributed to the age variable, as well as the study to the existence of a relationship between what is integrated and difficulties and problems related to the health and physical field among students and teachers, attributed to the variable of academic qualification, there is a relationship between the applied and judicial difficulties among workers in the administration attributed to the variable of academic qualification. The study recommended the sports study to establish sufficient and appropriate sports equipment in the directorates and provide the directorates with facilities and installations for sports activities (closed gyms, sports fields and playgrounds, changing rooms) and the need to reconsider the planning of organizing sports activities so that it does not lead to the problem with the times and working conditions of the school in directorates specified by the stress factors when practicing sports activities, and a cycle of studies similar to crises for the difficulties and problems that determine the practitioners of sports activities for all specializations among teachers of education and sports sciences.

The aim of the research was to measure the difference between the level of (agility, speed, flexibility, and motor response speed) of female students between the Zumba lesson and the regular physical education lesson. The experimental method was used to obtain the research variables. The research sample was intentional, consisting of a group of middle school students. Data were collected by applying tests to the sample before and after the experiment. For statistical analysis, the well-known statistical program (SPSS VER: 23) was relied upon. The most prominent conclusions were that Zumba is performed continuously without stopping and with dynamic movements that work to improve the flexibility of joints and muscles, which reduces the risk of injury. Since it is accompanied by music, it is considered a good sport that works to improve physical fitness in a fun, entertaining, and energetic way. The researcher recommends practicing Zumba because it improves physical and health fitness and can be practiced in groups or individually in a fun and entertaining way. Therefore, we recommend practicing it from time to time to improve physical fitness and psychological state at the same time.

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The objective of the research is to: Build and apply the measure of the reality of the reflections of innovative leadership among technical supervisors in the departments of sports and scouting activity in Iraq, and to identify the reality of innovative leadership among technical supervisors in the sections of sports and scouting activity in Iraq. The researcher used the descriptive method in the survey method to suit the nature of the problem. The limits of the research community of technical supervisors are represented in the (335) departments of sports and exploting activity in Iraq, which numbered to the departments of sports and scouting activity throughout Iraq, except for the Kurdistan Region, and the research sample included the research community itself, i.e. (100%), for the purpose of achieving the objectives of the research and in order to determine the validity of the phrases for the measure of the reality of innovative leadership among the technical supervisors in the sections of sports activity and detection in Iraq, as the researcher prepared a questionnaire form for the scale for the purpose of determining the valid phrases, which included (40) phrases. The researcher adopted the Likert method) in building the scale questionnaire, and based on this, a five-scale was used to express the extent of agreement with each statement (never, rare, sometimes, often, always). After that, the researcher conducted the exploratory experiment before the final application of the study on a sample of (25) individuals, on (21/ab12/2024) for the purpose of creating the appropriate conditions when applying the main test to the construction and application sample, and ensuring that the sample understands the scale phrases, and in order to avoid any errors or difficulties when applying during the main experiment. After that, the scale was applied to the construction sample of (95) members for a period from (3/1/2025) to (30/1/2025). The purpose of conducting this experiment is to build a measure of the reality of innovative leadership among the technical supervisors in the sports and expulation activity departments in Iraq. To complete the steps of building the scale of this study, the researcher carried out the statistical analysis of the scale phrases. By means of the statistical process, it is ensured that the scientific conditions for the scale are available, which are honesty and consistency. The researcher then applied the innovative leadership scale consisting of 33 phrases to the application sample of (142) members. The results were statistically addressed and discussed.

Abstract
The research addresses the impact of using auxiliary exercises using ligature bands as a modern method in developing motor coordination (agility) and some functional variables in sports, particularly their effective role in developing some functional variables and the accuracy of the forehand ground stroke skill for squash players. This skill requires speed in particular, which is a highly complex matter due to the interconnected components involved in handling movement and skill performance, especially the squash forehand. Kinetic coordination (agility) and functional variables, such as heart rate, diastolic and systolic blood pressure, constitute an integrated unit for the activity of this game. To achieve coordination, the ability to use these exercises using ligature bands was determined, which includes training in this method according to the length and elasticity of the band and the degree of duration required to achieve the goal of performing the accuracy goal for the forehand ground stroke in squash, as it is a fast-paced game. The research also includes objectives and hypotheses for the research, according to the requirements of the game, and the ability
to kinetic coordination (agility) according to the rate of functional variables, such as pulse, diastolic blood pressure, and systolic blood pressure, in the accuracy of the forehand ground stroke under study. The research concluded, according to the study requirements for the sample, that there is Significant differences were found for the tests under study for squash players, and it was also recommended to use such a training method with restrictive bands in developing other motor coordination (agility) for other samples and games. Keywords: Ligaments, motor coordination, functional variables

The research aims to identify the level of meta-emotional among students of the third stage at the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences / University of Al-Qadisiyah by building a meta-emotional scale that enjoys stability, honesty and excellence, and preparing a counseling program to develop meta-emotional skills for students of the third stage. The research problem is that the researcher noticed that students urgently need to be aware of their own emotions and the emotions of others and to be able to organize and manage them during emotional situations. The researcher identified a community and sample of his research on the students of the third stage of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences / University of Qadisiyah and the number of (86) students, and used students of the faculties of physical education and sports sciences / universities of the Middle Euphrates to build the scale, and the number of students who were selected (504) students and 62% of the original community, the researcher used the experimental approach (control group and experimental group with pre- and post-test) for its suitability to the nature of the research. The application of the experiment took (9) weeks, two units per week, thus reaching the number of units (18) units, and the program included the integration of methods and techniques through a number of sessions .

readiness to pass the official seasonal tests electronically, creating a true fusion between the refereeing environment and the tests. This involves proper and early movement to the ideal position, which will subsequently lead to being present at the event site with minimal effort and in the shortest possible time. This also aims to create a perspective. The researchers attempt to solve the problem of referees passing these tests, sometimes with extreme difficulty or failure, and other times, they do not reflect the actual reality of the referee during the match. The purpose of the study is to identify the effect of anaerobic training, based on an electronic simulation device, on developing some functional variables and refereeing decisions for futsal referees. The researchers used the experimental approach to solve the research problem. The research community was identified as futsal referees (Middle Euphrates region) working in the Iraqi Premier League and registered with the Iraqi Football Association - Futsal and Beach Committee for the sports season (2023-2024), numbering (28) active referees (who passed the physical and theoretical tests). The research sample was chosen intentionally, as the research requires official approvals from the Iraqi Football Association, numbering (15) referees (referees of Diwaniyah Governorate), who represent (53.571%) of the total community. As for the most important conclusions: Anaerobic training according to the electronic simulation device for futsal referees led to a decrease in the values of physiological indicators (VE, RQ, E/VO2, VO2max METS, HR) during physical effort, which indicates that there is an economy in the energy expenditure of the functional devices operating during the physical effort expended during the test. As for the most important recommendations, the researchers recommend focusing attention on the use of anaerobic training using an electronic simulation device to enhance the efficiency of futsal referees and, consequently, their functional indicators while officiating matches.

ملخص البحث
هدفت الدراسة الى التعرف على فاعلية برنامج ارشادي نفسي على تضخم الذات لدى طلبة قسم التربية البدنية وعلوم الرياضة وافترض الباحثان, ان للبرنامج الارشادي النفسي فاعلية ايجابية في خفض تضخم الذات للطلاب قسم التربية البدنية وعلوم الرياضة كلية التربية الاساسية | جامعة الموصل, وتكونت عينة البحث من طلاب قسم التربية البدنية وعلوم الرياضة كلية التربية الاساسية وعددهم(24) طالب قسموا الى مجموعتين ضابطة وتجريبية, واعتمدا الباحثان على مقياس تضخم الذات المتكون (40) فقرة بينما تكون البرنامج الارشادي النفسي من (8) جلسات ,وقد تم إيجاد الأسس العلمية للمقياس من صدق وثبات وتم استخدام الحقيبة الاحصائية (spss) في معالجة النتائج,وتوصل الباحثان الى الاستنتاجات الاتية , فاعلية البرنامج الاارشادي نفسي على تضخم الذات لدى طلبة قسم التربية البدنية وعلوم الرياضة.