Iraqi Journal of Science and Technology

A field experiment was conducted in salt affected soil field at Al-Tuwaitha salinity
research station south of Baghdad at 11 / 10 / 2011 to explain the effect of different
percentages of phosphogypsum (PG) 25 , 50 , 75 , 100 and 125 (%) from gypsum
requirements as well as the control level 0.0 % (PG) . Local barley plant was used as a
biological indictator. After two seasons Barley plant re- planted at 1/ 11 / 2014 to detect
the residual effect of Phosphogypsum in enhance uptake of some nutrients from the soil
. Results showed deduction of Sodium uptake by Barley by 0.042 % and increasing
uptake of Calcium , Potassium and Nitrogen by 2.16 , 1.67 and 1.97 %
respectively.

The traditional excavation method is considered the basic and most commonly used
for archaeological exploration. However, it has its drawbacks among which is the risk of
damaging the area of exploration itself. This had led to adapt methods that are non
destructive and, at the same time, efficient in determining the extensions of the
archaeological site. These methods depend on the fact that the targeted materials are
different in their physical properties from the surrounding medium. One of these method
is the electrical resistivity method. In this research field measurements carried out in Abu
Sakhir archaeological site in Baghdad governorates to investigate the buried historical
building. Five parallel profiles carried out , the length of each profile is 80 meters and
the distance are 2 m. between profile and another . We used 41 electric pole and the
distance between each pole and another is 2 m .All profiles file are processed by using RES3dinv and
RES2dinv software . The profiles of two-dimensional imaging explain the presence of some walls and
floor of building that buried at a depth of (1-3.47) m., Also there is buried channel at a depth of (2) m. The
three-dimensional imaging Profiles showed the shape and distribution of the walls , the floor and depth.

This study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of four local Mycorrhiza isolates
(Glomus spp.),and study their effect in stimulation the growth and production of wheat crop
during the season 2013-2014. The experiment carried out under a nursery condition at the
agricultural horticulture and forestry unit of agricultural directorate/Najaf, according to the
Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), with three replicates for each treatment.
The results showed that all Mycorrhiza isolates caused a significant increases (p≤0.05)
in all growth parameters studied as comparison with the control treatment. The isolate M2
gave highest value as compared with other isolates used in this study in the following
characteristics (plant length , root weight, shoot weight, the weight of thousand grain and
yield) and the results observed were 113.67 cm, 65.66 g , 61.90 g, 48.60 g and 3262.33 Kg
respectively. The results of roots colonization and average number of spores of M2 isolate
illustrate the high value too (70% and 80 spores respectively).

643 speciements of khishni Liza abu , sheliq Aspius vorax , Lassaf Alburnus caeruleus and
big head Semmenan Alburnus capito were caught from Euphrates river at Al-Musayab city
during the period from 2/1/2014 to 31/12/2014.The results of stomach contents of Paniliza abu
showed that sand and mud matter came firistly formed 46.77% of fish diet ,followed by detritus
then algae, non diagnosed digestive food,so the fish was omnivore . Analysis of foregut contents
of Aspius vorax appeared that insects came firstly formed 26.95% followed by non identify
digestive food ,detritus and small fishs,so the fish was carnivore. The results also revealed that
the detritus ranked first in the foregut of Alburnus caeruleus formed 27.63% followed by non
diagnosed digestive food and aquatic plants then insects, so the fish was omnivore.Results also
showed that semmenan Alburnus capito was omnivore fish as the detritus got the highest ratio
of diet formed % 30.2 followed by non diagnosed digestive food, diatoms , crustacea and
insects.. As conclusion , all of species in this study were omnivore except Aspius vorax which
was considered as a carnivore fish.

The field experiment was carried out in rice research station in Mishkhab/Najav
province in seasons 2013 and 2014 to study the effect of seed rate (60, 100, 140 and 180
kg ha-1) in growth and production characters of three rice varieties (Baraka, Yasmen and
Furat 1) by using dry cultivation method. Randomize Complete Block Design RCBD
was used in split plot arrangement with three replicates. The results showed that
Yasemen variety was superior than the other varieties in growth and yield characters,
seed rate 140 Kg ha-1 was superior compared to other treatments and given the best
production (5452, 5492) Kg ha-1 for both seasons respectively, also the interaction
between Yasemen variety and seed rate 140 Kg ha-1 was the best in growth and
production characters in both seasons.

Surface doses to the patient resulting from the classical radiographic imaging of organs
( chest, abdomen, …..etc) by x-ray device at Clinic of the Ministry of Sciences and
Technology were measured using DOSIMAS and FAG, these instrument were used to
measure the received radiation dose by patients and the operator of the device.
Comparison was done between doses that received by patients and the international
reference levels, It was found that the radiation doses of the patients were less than the
reference doses and the typical doses, the highest received dose was for thoracic spine
(320.6µSv) and the lowest dose was for the fingers and hand (3.32 µSv).
The level of radiation dose that received by radiographical worker during their work
was ranging from (0.13-0.22 µSv/h). which was within the natural background radiation
level inside the building which was equal to (0.14 µSv/h). This means that the
protection shields used in the exposure room preform it\'s function of radiation protection
properly

A polymeric coating was prepared with inorganic reinforcement materials for the
external protection of the oil pipe metal from corrosion processes and gives high
resistance against chemicals , salts., humidity, sun rays, scratch and water. This coating
was tested at ( 25 and 35) O
c. This coating was prepared from the reaction of epoxy resin
(Diglycidyl Ether of Bisphenol A) (DGEBA) and the hardener (Ethylenediamine). The
mixing ratio of the two parts was (3:1) .Reinforcement materials like titanium dioxide
(TiO2) and zinc oxide. , several ratios were used, and the results showed that the 30 %
mixing percentage was the better .These materials are low cost and increase the polymer's
life time, and used with coating, colorants, diluents and plasticizers materials. This
coating was verified by using (UV/Vis) spectrophotometer .Several tests were conducted,
including corrosion test to show its efficiency in addition to other mechanical and
chemical tests.

To determine the best composite coatings for inhibiting the metallic corrosion in the
oil pipelines,the Surface Hardness,Wear Resistance,Adhesion Strength, Electrochemical
Corrosion Resistance by Polarization method (Tafel), Thermal Conductivity and Atomic
Force Microscopy(AFM),were applied in this work by using two groups of composite
coatings.The first group is nitrocellulose reinforced by nano Powder of MgO at (0.0, 1,3
and5%),and Micro Powder of MgO by weight percentages (0.0,3,5and7%).and The
Second represented by sodium silicate reinforced by nano powder of MgO only by
applied the same percentages above. The results showed that there was high improvement
in the Tribological,adhesion and thermal properties of composite coatings,with clear
superiority for composite coatings of nitro cellulose on composite coatings of sodium
silicate when compared to non-reinforced coatings to provide a protective layer for steel
from hazard of corrosion.

In this research, the effect of improving quality addition (Silane Coupling Agents
,Blowing material and Antioxidants) on the mechanical, thermal and physical properties
to test the plastic wood flooring made of Poly Propylene reinforced with particles of
Wheat Plant Waste with a size of particle 212 micrometer and by 40% of its weight. The
study cleared that the treatment of particles of Waste by the Silane material ratios of
between 2-4-6%. The results indicate that composite containing 2-4% showed mark able
improvement in the studied properties. The increasing of Silane material ratio to 6% with
the addition of blowing material to the plastic wood resulted in thermal insulation. So, It
is possible obtain to changing character able absent plastic wood in their Force,
mechanical strength and other properties in natural wood.

Radar surveys aim to find information about the underground bodies and structures.
Some of the radar wave energy reflected above the surface due to unwanted reflections
(noise). These noise mask the radargram and confuse the analyst in the interpretation
phase. In this research three types of noise were observed in different areas of Iraq,
duplication create by multi reflections on body, air reflections caused by surrounding
features at the survey area like buildings, columns, automobiles, trees, …etc. The mobile
phone signal is received by the GPR antenna to appear as a noise in the radargram,
affecting the real radar signal.

Seven rusty barrels of legacy radioactive wastes contained debris and located in
Fuel Fabrication Facility (FFF) at Al-Tuwaitha Nuclear Site. Identification of legacy
wastes comprised characterizing, classifying, over pack and relocating into specified
accumulation zone of radioactive wastes inside (FFF) location. The results show that the
radiological characterization of legacy wastes are contaminated with natural Uranium and
have radioactivity of Low Level Waste (LLW). Over pack technique made the deformed
packages agreed with the requirements of radioactive waste acceptance criteria, which
reduced the surface contamination and the touched dose rate for each barrel by (99.97
99.99)% and (55.23-73.64)%, respectively, as well as, it will be very helpful in futuristic
waste treatment by exploiting the open space for encapsulation processes to increase
mechanical and shielding properties. The manner implemented was simple, economic and
capable to make any releases to the environment to be restricted and subject to regulatory
control.