Vision Journal for Social Studies

Shifting away from traditional, environmentally harmful projects and towards environmentally friendly ones is a global priority. Strong scientific evidence demonstrates the financial impact of climate change. This study aims to highlight the importance of accelerating the transition to sustainable environmental practices in Iraqi banks. Significant investment in the banking sector is crucial to enable these banks to keep pace with their counterparts in other Arab countries and play an active role in financing environmental projects in Iraq. Green bonds are an effective financing tool that directs private capital towards environmental projects and strengthens efforts to adapt to and combat climate change. This study focuses on green bond issuances by banks in Iraq, examining their environmental impact and their role in promoting the banking sector's commitment to environmental responsibility. It is worth noting that there is no regulated market for green bonds in Iraq, and their issuance by banks is still in its early stages. Therefore, determining the true environmental benefits of financing green projects through green bonds presents a significant challenge. Three main types of green projects financed through green bonds have been identified: green buildings, renewable energy, and clean transportation. Despite the importance of these sectors in the transition to a green economy, progress in reducing carbon emissions in sectors where reduction is more difficult remains limited. The banking sector has also witnessed a significant shift in recent years in how it communicates environmental goals to the public. This shift is likely due to several factors, not just the issuance of green bonds. The interplay between stricter regulations, investor demands for greater transparency in environmentally friendly products and services, and the desire to gain a competitive edge is driving companies to set ambitious climate change targets.

This research clarifies the pivotal role of work values in enhancing organizational resilience in contemporary work environments. The study accomplishes this by providing a conceptual framework and an interactive analysis of the relationship between professional values and an organization's ability to adapt and withstand challenges. The study's findings demonstrate that work values are not merely an ethical organizational framework; they have also become a strategic resource that strengthens organizational culture, raises the level of commitment and loyalty, and enhances an organization's ability to make sound decisions in unstable conditions. Evidence from international studies and global companies such as Toyota, Google, Apple, and Microsoft suggests that incorporating work values based on collaboration, integrity, creativity, and responsibility improves operational Resilience, supports continuous learning, and increases the capacity to manage crises, overcome pressures, and handle fluctuations. The study clarifies that organizational resilience arises from the interaction of individual values with leadership practices, organizational culture, and supportive policies. The absence of a clear value system often leads to organizational fragility, which is manifested by weak adaptability, declining performance, and increased resistance to change. The research affirms that investing in values enhances the ability to build a sustainable work environment capable of evolving in the face of rapid changes in global markets. Accordingly, the study recommends integrating business values into organizational strategies, fostering value-based leadership, and implementing training programs that translate values into practical applications. These strategies contribute to strengthening organizational resilience and achieving long-term competitive sustainability.

In light of the recent substantial growth in artificial intelligence (AI), numerous companies have started incorporating it into their digital marketing strategies. The utilization of artificial intelligence (AI) in digital marketing has been demonstrated to engender a multitude of beneficial outcomes. Nevertheless, it is imperative for companies to deliberate on the ethical implications and the potential diminution of human interaction that accompanies its integration into their operational frameworks prior to its implementation.
This empirical research was conducted using a mixed-methods research approach, using a survey to understand the effects of using AI in digital marketing from a consumer perspective. The research also sought to ascertain consumers' perceptions of the most significant concerns associated with the implementation of AI in digital marketing. The present study identified several themes that were deemed to be of particular significance: data privacy, transparency, manipulation, and human interaction. These themes were identified in the survey to capture consumer perspectives, both positive and negative.

The study aims to analyze the morphometric characteristics of the water drainage network of Al-Ma'awbar Basin. The morphometric characteristics are linked to hydrological phenomena. Because of its connection to the climate, the direction of rainstorms and the extent of their continuity, and their impact on water flow and floods, these characteristics are areal, longitudinal, formal, and topographic, and the characteristics of the water drainage network, as well as identifying some hydrological variables, such as the arrival time and the amount of water flow of the river, determining the direction of flow, and areas where the flow collects. . The study relied on geographic information systems, topographic maps, and digital elevation models (DEM) as a tool for preparing a map of the river drainage network, using GIS software. The basin's roundness ratio was (1.41), elongation ratio (4.037), and shape factor was (0.25). These values indicate the basin's proximity to elongation and the small area of the basin relative to its length. It is one of the basins in which the vertex of the triangle is the downstream area and Its base is at the source, which makes the flood waters arrive successively, due to the distance of the streams and streams from the mouth.. The average bifurcation ratio in the basin was (3.1), which is an indication that the climatic and topographic conditions of the basin are identical, and that the basin is ranked fourth. The drainage density was also recorded at 1.2 km/km2, which is considered an appropriate value for the nature of the prevailing conditions. The basin is characterized by an indentation ratio of (7.83), which is a relatively low ratio and indicates the lack of indentation and the ruggedness of the basin, especially in the valley channel. The value of the inflection was (1.12), which means that the basin is almost straight and has windings that hinder the flow of water in the valleys, and there are no losses through evaporation and seepage due to the short distance that the stream travels.

The researcher sought to assess the perspectives of media professionals and academics with experience in media work regarding artificial intelligence (AI). He also sought to identify the most prominent technical, institutional, or cultural challenges hindering the use of this technology, as well as the areas AI serves in journalism and media. Therefore, the researcher conducted a field study on a sample of media professionals, particularly those with academic and postgraduate degrees, who combine academic and professional work. The aim was to obtain recommendations that serve media work in this field.

The educational function is one of the cornerstones of the development of modern societies, going beyond merely providing services to become a strategic mechanism for preparing qualified manpower, supporting economic and social development plans, and fostering balance among various sectors of society. Education is an institutional social system, supervised by the State, which is a fundamental human right at the international level and a national duty.This study aims to assess the educational function of the City of Architecture through two integrated methodologies: the functional curriculum of the geopolitics of cities, which focuses on the role of educational institutions in achieving their social and economic functions, and the descriptive approach which enables systematic and accurate analysis of educational reality. The research was based on a combination of office sources, field observations and included questionnaire which included (200) forms, statistical methods, with the use of SPSS and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) software for data analysis and map production. The method of matching standards and the method of impact range (service) was also adopted to provide a comprehensive and accurate assessment highlighting the reality of educational services and their impact on urban and social development of the city

The research aims to study the impact of modern technologies on the financial reports issued by Iraqi banks, using the descriptive analytical approach based on the questionnaire tool, which was distributed to a sample of workers in the Auditing and accounting departments in the Bank of Baghdad, the Commercial Gulf, and the Iraqi Commercial Bank. The study sample consisted of: 242 workers, whose answers were tested using the SPSS-24 program, The research concluded that the application of modern technologies is available in the banks sampled in the study, and that the financial reports issued by them have the main qualities that must be met, which are suitability and reliability. It also showed that there is a strong positive effect of modern technologies on financial reports on the one hand, and on each of its two main qualities, which are compatibility and reliability, The study recommended working to continue applying modern technologies, employing all possible technologies in banking work, encouraging the innovation of technologies necessary to develop banking work, and employing them in all stages and processes of submitting the bank’s financial reports because of their strong impact on financial reports

This study examined the implications of artificial intelligence (AI) applications on the quality of decision-making in Iraqi government institutions. Its aim was to establish a theoretical framework for AI and decision-making quality, highlight the importance of AI applications in Iraqi government institutions, and assess Iraq's readiness for government AI. The researcher employed a descriptive approach to describe and analyze relevant literature and previous studies. The study concluded with several key findings, including a significant and positive impact of AI applications on the quality of decision-making in Iraqi government institutions. Furthermore, the study recommended developing Iraq's digital infrastructure, bridging the knowledge and digital skills gap among human resources working in Iraqi government institutions, and enhancing their skills to align with global technological advancements.

This research presents a comprehensive applied study to assess the dynamics of desertification and land degradation in the Al-Ramadi district of Al-Anbar Governorate, Iraq, using advanced spatiotemporal analysis tools. The research problem originates from the ambiguity surrounding the true extent and accelerating pace of desertification in the region, and the lack of an accurate, updated quantitative assessment that identifies the most affected hotspots, thereby preventing the development of effective control strategies. The importance of the research lies in its scientific contribution through the application of modern methodologies that integrate spectral analysis and spatial statistical modeling in an arid environment, while its practical significance is demonstrated by providing decision-makers with precise digital maps and a geographical database to efficiently and effectively guide control and reclamation efforts. The research relied on an integrated methodology combining the inductive approach for tracking the phenomenon temporally, the quantitative analytical approach for processing digital data and satellite imagery, and the experimental approach through predictive modeling. The methodological procedures included collecting and processing satellite data (Landsat & Sentinel), deriving and analyzing spectral indices (such as NDVI, NDSI, NDMI, LST), and applying advanced statistical and spatial techniques. The key findings revealed an alarming loss of vegetation cover by 34.13% over the past decade (2013-2025), a very strong inverse correlation (r = -0.842) between soil salinity and vegetation degradation, a rise in land surface temperature in desertified areas by up to 19 degrees Celsius compared to healthy lands, and the classification of 67.6% of the district's land within high and severe desertification risk categories, with the identification of 48 hotspots, 23 of which are critical and require urgent intervention. The models also predicted an additional 15% loss of the remaining agricultural land by 2035 if the current situation persists.

This study aimed to examine the nature of the relationship between students’ sense of school belonging and the regulation of aggressive behavior among preparatory school students affiliated with the Sunni Endowment in Baghdad. School belonging is considered a fundamental factor in shaping students’ personalities and regulating their behavior. The study employed a descriptive–correlational design as the most appropriate approach for exploring psychological and educational variables. The sample consisted of 148 male and female students in the fourth preparatory grade, representing a critical developmental stage characterized by significant behavioral and emotional changes. Two main instruments were used: the School Belonging Scale comprising 14 items measuring students’ sense of acceptance, support, and integration within the school environment, and the Aggressive Behavior Regulation Scale, which included 15 items covering three dimensions—physical aggression, verbal aggression, and internal anger. Statistical analyses (correlation, regression, and ANOVA) revealed a significant and relatively strong relationship between school belonging and overall regulation of aggressive behavior. The strongest association emerged with physical aggression, followed by verbal aggression, whereas the relationship with internal anger was weaker but still statistically significant. These findings suggest that enhancing students’ sense of belonging substantially reduces physical and verbal aggressive behaviors, while partially mitigating internalized anger. The study concludes that schools, as educational and social environments, can act as protective contexts against aggressive behaviors by fostering belonging and acceptance. This highlights the need for school administrators and teachers to implement programs and activities that strengthen students’ psychological and social connectedness to their schools and provide a more supportive and inclusive climate.

This applied study examined the impact of administrative leadership on the productivity of work teams in major contracting companies in the Republic of Iraq. A descriptive analytical method was used on a sample of 240 individuals from the studied companies. A questionnaire was used to collect data. The results showed a statistically significant positive impact of supervisory style on team productivity, with a correlation coefficient of 0.843 and a coefficient of determination of 0.710. These results confirm the importance of direct supervision and close follow-up in improving team performance. The study recommends redesigning training programs for middle and senior leadership in major contracting companies based on the philosophy of empowering supervision. This philosophy focuses on involving employees in decision-making processes, distributing responsibilities, and building trust. These strategies contribute to a sense of belonging, raising levels of commitment and productivity.

The research aims to present the development project in the form of an economic SWOT analysis to provide a high-level understanding and indication of Turkey's global position in relation to the project in all aspects. Turkey represents a strategic location with a great opportunity that overshadowed the nature of the study. Through a survey of articles, books, master's theses, interviews, and websites, the study was able to clarify this opportunity. By employing three descriptive and analytical methodologies, a case study, and a strategic SWOT analysis tool used in similar global projects, the study reached several conclusions. The importance of Iraq's geographical location is a great opportunity that needs to be exploited and can achieve a financial return exceeding $6.90 billion dollars when the project is fully operational, taking into account that the port of Al-Faw is the basis for development and the gateway to Turkish territory as a strategic route, exploiting spatial, logistical, and technical capabilities in conjunction with recent pilot activities to understand the project's work process. It faces weaknesses in the form of limited experience in dealing with this type of project, as it is new in terms of the momentum it has generated globally and for Iraq regionally. As part of the research conclusions, the development route has brought with it serious and inevitable threats, including from Mubarak Port and Khor Abdullah, to end Iraq's maritime outlook and push the development route and the large Faw Port to zero feasibility.