journal of kufa studies center

The research aims to estimate the relationship between return and risk in the Iraq Stock Exchange during the period 2017-2021 in order to study the market sensitivity (systemic risks and irregular risks), as well as to study the relationship between return and risk using the study model, and for the purpose of achieving the research objectives, the GARCH model was developed, where monthly data on the closing prices and the previous closing price of the shares prices of the Iraq Stock Exchange covering the period (2017-2021) were used. The study sample consisted of the monthly data set of a group of The research reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which is that there is a direct relationship between return and risk in the Iraqi Stock Exchange, when making any investment decision, the element of risk must be taken into account, and the research concluded with a set of recommendations, the most important of which is the need to work on constantly updating the information published in the capital markets, and disseminating it to everyone so that it can be benefited effectively and at the lowest costs.

The banking sector represents the backbone of economic life in any country of the world as it plays the main role in financing economic development, there is no development today without an effective and advanced banking sector in the field of performance and upgrading banking services with its stakeholders, and the most important feature of banking is the increasing development of banking technology in order to modernize the systems and means of providing exchange operations and the innovation of modern technologies for banking service, all of which leads to the expansion of the market share of customers and the increase of trust with them. The study aimed to study and analyze the relationship between the dimensions of banking information technology and the dimensions of financial inclusion, as represented by the statistical community in the Iraqi commercial banking sector (governmental and private), and a sample was taken represented by commercial banks located in the Middle Euphrates region, a questionnaire form was prepared to ensure that there is a relationship between the study variables (banking information technology) as an independent variable. and (access to banking services) as a dependent variable.

There are many topics to which environmental criticism is presented, due to the complexity of the environmental topics and issues to which it is presented, some of which are related to the relationship of man with the natural environment and its non-human components, some of which are related to place, and others that are related to issues of gender, race, and issues of class and racial marginalization, in addition to the environmental and human exploitation applied by colonialism in colonial countries, and many other topics and issues.

The concept of intertextuality in the modern poem of the pioneering Iraqi poets of modernity was based on the influence of ancient linguistic intertextuality, as one of the main pillars on which the pioneering poets relied in their poetic texts, and although they sought to bring about a revolution in tradition, they fell under the domination of patriarchal culture. The subject of intertextuality is one of the prominent topics that this critique of civilization has approached, so this study has been interested in shedding light on intertextuality in the modern poetic text, and to find out the extent of the impact of this critique This culture is in it and its dominance over it.

The research dealt with the effect of anxiety on the internal and external rhythm of the Iraqi feminist poem to express feminist attitudes, and there were many motives related to the personality according to its sources, as the psychological stimulus was considered one of the important sources of anxiety whose subject is present in the external world, which is a situation in which scholars have stopped, and this subject has moved to literature, so critics have released those sources to which a person is exposed and causes him anxiety that appears in his behavior in general, and the research benefited from the divisions that specialists saw and proved in their books, and accordingly the divisions that came The concerns in the feminist poem are concerned, including personal (psychological) motives. From this, we conclude that the art of lamentation needs an influential rhythm because it is a great event and a painful injury, and this is what was embodied in the poet Nazik Al-Malaika, especially in her mother's lamentation, and from here we understand that rhyme has formed a main axis of the poets' expression of their feelings, anxiety and sad emotions, so that foreign music was an important motive in the modern Iraqi feminist poem.

This research sheds light on the issue of the "Final Solution" of the Jewish question in Nazi Germany, and the research has been divided into an introduction, three chapters, and a conclusion, the first chapter explains the Nazi policy towards the Jews from their control of power until the implementation of the Final Solution policy (1933-1938), while the second chapter shows the measures taken by the German government towards the Jewish question (1938-1940), and the third chapter is devoted to the study of the German government's policy of the Final Solution towards the Jewish question in 1941 and its consequences.

The study of the social characteristics of the population is one of the important elements in the study of the population, and these characteristics are of great importance in the field of population studies, because they express the social structure, which can be determined by determining the features of the social activity and the importance of the elements of that activity and their relationship to the conditions of the geographical environment . Knowing the extent of their contribution to social activity such as the production of goods and providing services, and knowing the extent of their ability, proportions and participation in building and developing society.

The shapes and plans of the ancient Iraqi cities were generally influenced by the topographical nature of the sites of the ancient cities, including the shapes and plans of the Assyrian capitals, as this effect came according to their geographical distribution among the diversity of the terrain of Mesopotamia, which came in various and multiple forms that differ from one city to another, represented by the geometric plans of the walls of the Assyrian capitals, as the walls are one of the methods and patterns of permanent fortifications of cities of different capacity and importance, while in their functional architectural sense, it is a tightly built artificial barrier that builds around Residential centers or any other place that is feared and intended to be protected and preserved, the purpose of the construction of fences in general is to stand in the way of those who intend to attack and raid, and to prevent the storming and control of the walled area.

The study aimed to identify the role played by the decisive success factors for re-engineering service processes through its four dimensions represented in ( commitment and support of leadership, employee empowerment, communication technology, and organizational culture) in the performance of health organizations, and the private hospitals in Kirkuk Governorate were selected as the study community, and a random sample of (127) individuals of managers and workers in the health hospitals was withdrawn, the questionnaire was adopted as the main tool for data collection, where (90) questionnaires were distributed and the number of The retrieved questionnaires (77) and (65) of them were valid for analysis. The problem of the study was embodied through a key question that what is the role of the critical success factors of service process reengineering in achieving performance excellence in the health organizations researched? In order to achieve the goal of the study, we relied on the descriptive-analytical method, and a hypothetical model was developed for the study that reflects the correlation and impact relationships between the variables and dimensions of the study, and a set of main and sub-hypotheses emerged from it, as their validity was confirmed by a set of statistical methods.

The Iranian nuclear program is one of the most important files that occupy the international arena and is considered one of the most important files that led to the dispute between the United States of America and the Islamic Republic of Iran, and it is considered to have a great impact on its interests and the interests of its regional allies in the Middle East, so the United States sought to undermine the ability of the Islamic Republic of Iran, especially with regard to its nuclear program by concluding a nuclear agreement under the administration of former President Barack Obama, which did not like the subsequent administration headed by ( Donald Trump), who worked to withdraw from that agreement that was concluded and considered it a historic plan committed by the previous administration (Park Obama).
In addition to the United States of America's attempt to contain Iran economically by reimposing new economic sanctions on the Islamic Republic of Iran, the Islamic Republic worked with all its diplomatic and political capabilities and capabilities to put pressure on the Europeans, and in return, the United States of America worked to pressure its European and regional allies to exit the agreement signed in 2015.

The creation of the request is what is required at the time of the request and is divided into several sections (the command - the interrogation - the prohibition - the call ...The poet Hamid Al-Rawi resorted to structural methods in his poetry in order to evoke the listener and draw his attention to gain interaction and participation in the text, and this gave his texts several advantages, as they made poetic images approach the same recipient and take him to the poet's world.

The paradox in the prose poem is characterized by the reduction within an intensive poetic text, as the poet in the retrieval does not stray far from the overall significance of the text, he returns to the point of the event that represents the core of the poem in a reduction, because the language of poetry is not a daily discourse as in the story or novel, so we find that the poet returns to the first point of narration after he cuts through a more extensive space than in poetry. The retrieval has a contribution to the presentation of the characters and their inner world, as it played a role in holding the objective nerve of the unity of the poem, while the anticipation in the prose poem incorporates a technique that contributes to creating a kind of surprise and surprise that gives the poem a kind of breaking the familiarity and giving it the element of suspense and excitement, as well as having an impact on the coherence of the objective unity of the poem that contributes to the formation of its total semantic dimension.

The analysis of the chronological structure of the narrative text according to the relationship between the time of the discourse and the time of the story, according to Genit, leads to the emergence of three levels of narrative time construction, namely order, duration, and frequency. The story I am Yusuf by Ayman Al-Otoum revolves around Prophet Yusuf when he was a small child of his father Jacob among his brothers, as the story was in the Quran, and answers some questions that may be in the mind of those who are familiar with this story. This research aims to study the element of time in this The story based on the descriptive-analytical method in the light of Gérard Genets theory. The results of the study indicate that the writer used the retrieval technique more than the pleasant and painful types because many events happened to the protagonists of the story in the past, as the novel was filled with different temporal events, starting with the Prophet Josephs recollection of his three nights in the well at the moment of his entry into prison, in addition to his recollection of the happy life in the palace. We also see the frequent use of the verb remember while employing the retrieval technique, which confirms the importance of this technique in the novel.

The subject of lamentation is an old topic, because it relates to death, the inevitable fate of human beings since eternity, and the lamentation of the father had an important place in poetry, as this topic received the attention of poets in the Abbasid era.

Contemporary variables have a great impact on the Shari'a ruling in terms of linking jurisprudential rulings to contemporary developments in Islamic Sharia, as the more eras the eras develop, the development of some Shari'a rulings with them, while the theory of termination of contracts has shown the evidence of the legitimacy of the contracts in which the solution takes place and the options that they include in terms of necessary contracts and non-necessary contracts.

There are various factors that hinder the advancement of palm cultivation, including the lack of government interest in this important sector, which prompted the farmer to migrate to the city and engage in government jobs after the production costs became unable to compete with the importer after the opening of the Iraqi economy and the dumping policy that invaded our markets, in addition to the external factors represented in the reduction of the water share by the countries bordering Iraq, which affected the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, and this led to the thirst of crops and was affected. Soil and the extension of desertification to it. However, the Iraqi man, who was endowed with the mastermind by God, was able to lay the right foundations for the beginning of an agricultural renaissance to spread palm groves in many areas of Iraq, especially in the desert, taking advantage of the abundant groundwater in Iraq. The researcher concluded that dates are of great importance and Iraq was at the forefront of the countries exporting dates in the world, but it declined due to the political and economic conditions and external factors that went through Iraq, especially after 1980.

Rivers represent one of the most important pillars of natural recreational activity, because they are characterized by unique natural geographical aspects, represented by the watercourse and the elements it contains that are compatible with the river water environment and the water and river creatures it contains, in addition to the comfortable climatic environment it achieves, represented by the climate of the river valleys, which achieves relative comfort in summer and winter within a dry climate such as the climate of the study area and the great opportunities it represents for the success of various recreational activities, and the banks of rivers are attractive areas For such activities, and there is no doubt that the Euphrates River has many possibilities that qualify it to carry out an excellent river recreational activity on its banks and adjacent areas , and it has combined with favorable human factors represented by the population, number, distribution, density and composition within the cities and urban centers and the large human gatherings they contain, in addition to the roads, facilities and urban facilities that can be attractive and prepared for such activities.

This research aims to study the problem of visual pollution of the urban appearance in the city of Samawa and seek to analyze its manifestations and causes, as the levels of visual pollution have doubled as a result of various human activities and the accelerated development in design patterns, which leads to the weakening of the aesthetic landscape within the city, including the inconsistency and harmony of buildings, deteriorating and old buildings, as well as the exploitation of spaces by the wrong and the spread of random housing .
This has created a distorted shape of the city and its image for the viewer in its various residential neighborhoods and in varying proportions between those neighborhoods, as it is expected that the problem of visual pollution will take an influential dimension that increases the depth of the problems of the urban structure of the city of Samawa as it is one of the modern indicators for the evaluation of the urban landscape, so this phenomenon must be addressed through proper planning and legal follow-up with the re-evaluation and study of the cultural, social and aesthetic influences that play an effective role in urban development.

Economic texts constitute a large proportion of the classification of cuneiform texts and are of great importance in archaeological and civilizational studies, as they revealed to us very important information about the methods of administrative and economic organization in Mesopotamia, this research included the study of two cuneiform texts from the modern Sumerian era (2112-2004 BC) from the Iraqi Museum, these texts included a certain amount of different materials, the most important of which is bronze metal, the study included reading, translating and analyzing the texts with the names of flags, famous names and historical formulas.

The research showed that the conditional sentence that we found in the work of the poet Al-Sharif Al-Murtada, absorbed his experiences with all honesty, so it was helpful in clarifying his experiences, and the firm tool (the conditional) of the two verbs involved in the past and present tense formed a semantic and temporal dimension, so it took its appropriate place in his poems to clarify the poet's experience because of its semantic effect that absorbed the state of sadness and joy that the poet lives. It was a tool that supported the desire, sadness, sorrow and pleasure of the poet's soul, emanating from psychological motives expressed through those sentences, so it varied with the variety of subjective experiences and included the purposes of lamentation, praise and pride, so that most of the conditional sentences were associated with graphic images represented by metony and simile, so the words of the conditional sentences came thin and far from complexity and achieved harmony with the poetic texts, through which he sought to exploit the expressive energies latent in the language, trying to express them appropriately. He showed his experience and emotion to the recipient.