Journal of the College of Islamic Sciences

The study aims to shed light on Al-Jarmi's )d. 225 AH( grammatical point of views in the book of Al-Durr Al-Masun fi Ulum Al-Kitab Al-Maknun by Al-Sam'in Al-Halabi )d. 756 AH(, as it is one of the most important views that Al-Sam'in relied on in his treatment of grammatical issues. Accordingly, this research will be based on an introduction, then a preface in which we introduce the two eminent scholars and the book on which our study is based. It will be followed by two sections: the first: Al-Sam'in Al-Halabi's approach in dealing with Al-Jarmi, and the second: Al-Sam'in Al-Halabi's position from Al-Jarmi. After that , there will be a conclusion that highlights the most important results we have reached, then a list of sources and references

The Explicit Obligatary Rulings according to Al-San'ani "Subul al-Salam", The Book of Purification, Chapter on Tayammum – A Fundamental Study
A study submitted by the student: Abdul-Mun'im Ahmad Ismail Amin
Supervised by: Professor Dr. Nabil Muhammad Gharib Shabib Al-Zubaidi
Abstract: All praise is due to Allah, Lord of the Worlds, and may the best and most complete blessings and peace be upon our leader Muhammad, the Seal of the Prophets, and a mercy to all mankind, and upon his family and his pure and righteous companions, and those who follow them in goodness until the Day of Judgment. Thereafter
This research aims to clarify The Explicit Obligatary Rulings according to Imam Al-San'ani in his book "Subul al-Salam", specifically within the chapter of purification, regarding some issues in the section on tayammum. The research is divided into five issues:
Issue One: The ruling on tayammum using substances other than soil;
Issue Two: The number of strikes in tayammum, the method of wiping, and the ruling on the order between the face and hands;
Issue Three: The ruling on performing tayammum for every prayer, and whether it supersedes the hadith or merely permits it;
Issue Four: The ruling on delaying the prayer and the ruling on repeating the prayer for one who prayed with tayammum and then found water before the prayer time ended;
Issue Five: The ruling on Tayammum is permissible for those who fear harm, and for the sick even if they do not fear harm.
I adopted the inductive method in the research by investigating the places of the obligatory rulings that Imam Al-San’ani stated, by giving a suitable title to the issue, then mentioning the hadith of the issue that Al-San’ani cited from the book Bulugh Al-Maram by Al-Hafiz Ibn Hajar Al-Asqalani, then the picture of the issue, followed by the ruling of the issue, then a summary for each issue. It became clear to me that Al-San’ani does not belong to a specific school of jurisprudence, but rather his school is the school of the people of hadith, as the scholars said about him. He bases the rulings according to what he considers authentic from the noble prophetic hadiths, and he also relies in his derivation of rulings on the fundamental principles derived from the Qur’an and Sunnah, such as: the simple command indicates obligation, and the simple prohibition indicates prohibition, and he takes into account the implied meaning of the explicit, and the indication of the explicit, and other valid fundamental principles

Abdullah bin Al-Zubayr (may God be pleased with them both) is considered one of the younger companions. He lived and was raised in the pure house of the Prophet. His maternal aunt was the Mother of the Believers, Aisha (may God be pleased with her), and his maternal grandfather was the truthful Abu Bakr (may God be pleased with him). Therefore, he (may God be pleased with him) was a companion and a great jurist.
Many noble narrations were transmitted from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and he also narrated from a number of the Companions (may God be pleased with them). His narrations varied and included many aspects of jurisprudence.
In this research, we have highlighted one of these important aspects in the life of a Muslim, which is related to the ruling on breastfeeding by someone other than one's real mother, We have addressed this from two main aspects: the number of feedings considered in proving breastfeeding, and the age considered in proving it, through explaining the statements of the jurists on each issue and their evidence for it, discussing it and explaining the most correct opinion on it, and success comes from God.

This study examines the relationship between contextual reasoning (tahqiq al-manat) and the objectives of Islamic law (maqasid al-shari'ah), clarifying the boundaries of this relationship and its impact on applying Islamic rulings to contemporary situations. It explains that contextual reasoning is a fundamental tool for understanding and correctly applying Islamic texts in a manner that considers the objectives and wisdom of Islamic law. The study also highlights that sound legal reasoning in contemporary issues depends on a proper understanding of reality and its connection to the objectives of Islamic law. It demonstrates that deficiencies in contextual reasoning lead to the absence or distortion of the objectives of Islamic law in practical application. The study concludes that the integration of textual understanding and contextual reasoning ensures the preservation of the objectives of Islamic law and their continued effectiveness in the lives of those bound by its principles.

This research focuses on studying the Prophetic guidance regarding food through a thematic approach based on collecting authentic hadiths and analyzing their behavioral, educational, and health-related implications. It also highlights the characteristics of the Prophet’s refined conduct in dealing with food in terms of selection, moderation, manners of eating, and hospitality, while linking these teachings to the reality of contemporary Muslim society.

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This research reviews digital customs in certain matters and transactions in the digital world, particularly financial contracts. where customs, digitization, and financial contracts are defined and more details are provided for each of these terms, mentioning the types of customs and the rules for their acceptance in Islamic law and their validity, as well as the stages of digitization development, its pros and cons, and its impact on changing patterns of economic and commercial transactions. Then, the discussion begins with digital custom and the difference between it and traditional custom, mentioning its characteristics, pillars, and controls. Next, the topic of the problems of digital custom is addressed in terms of the difficulty of controlling digital customs due to their rapid change. It is also important to discuss digital financial contracts, their sections, validity and invalidity, as well as their conditions and authenticity. It is also important to address the topic of digital signatures, their concept and authenticity, and their relationship to financial contracts. After mentioning and clarifying all these concepts and detailing them, we will delve into the issues and applications related to digital customs in the electronic world, focusing solely on financial transactions.
Methodology: This research is divided into an introduction and two chapters, each chapter containing four sections, and each section containing four topics.
Introduction: It contains four sections, each of which has two topics. These topics deal with the definitions of the terms used in the title of the research, the first topic dealing with the linguistic definition and the second topic dealing with the terminological definition.
Chapter One: I discussed custom, digitization, and financial contracts, mentioning the conditions, controls, authority, and problems that we may encounter in digital custom.
Chapter Two: I discuss issues related to digital custom in terms of payment transactions, digital transfers, offer and acceptance in electronic contracts, and other contemporary issues in the digital world and in contracts.

The research aims to trace the connotation of the root (a.r.d.) and its derivatives in the Holy Qur’an, and to show the impact of the context in defining and directing its meaning at the level of the vocabulary, structure and text, benefiting from the efforts of interpreters and linguists. The connotations were divided into two parts, the first: the original (sensual) connotation , which is the indication of prominence and emergence. The second: secondary (metaphorical) connotations, including: the connotation of torment, the clouds, the market, abundance, and others.

All praise is due to Allah, who revealed His Book in a clear and eloquent Arabic tongue, and who has blessed us with the gifts of speech and expression. May peace and blessings be upon Muhammad, the most eloquent of mankind, and upon his family, companions, and those who follow his guidance until the Day of Judgment.
This research One of the fundamental issues that lmam Al-Ghazali refrained from judging in his book Al-Mustasfaa is the lmperative Mood: A Fundamental Comparative Study, consisting of an introduction, two main sections, and a conclusion, organized as follows:
The first section presents the key terms of the research title, offers a brief biographical overview of Imam Al-Ghazali, and defines the concepts of suspension of judgment, indication (dalāla), and command (amr). This section is divided into two subsections.
The second section explores the two specific issues where Imam Al-Ghazali-may Allah have mercy on him- chose to suspend judgment. The conclusion summarizes the most significant findings of the research.
Praise be to Allah in the beginning and at the end, and may peace and blessings be upon our Master Muhammad, his family, and all his companions.

This study examines the phrase ﴾Indeed, in that is a sign﴿ and its semantic, linguistic, and intellectual dimensions within the context of the descent of water and the growth of vegetation in Surah An-Nahl. It demonstrates that this phrase is not merely a description of benefit, but rather a comprehensive intellectual construct reflecting an Islamic worldview. This worldview constitutes a profound epistemological alternative to modern philosophical systems that separate matter from meaning, and humanity from the universe, treating each in isolation without considering their interconnectedness and the interdependence of their existence. The descent of water and the growth of vegetation for the benefit of humanity represent a microcosm of God's design of the universe, harnessing all that exists to serve humankind. This affirms His existence, His divinity, and His worthiness of worship and gratitude.

This study examines the implications of cultural globalization for the doctrinal structure of Muslim societies, focusing on the epistemological tension that emerges between inherited theological tradition and modern intellectual patterns shaped by contemporary transformations. Cultural globalization, facilitated by digital media and transnational knowledge networks, has accelerated the circulation of ideas and values at an unprecedented pace. This process has contributed to reshaping religious consciousness and has generated new questions regarding doctrinal authority and the sources of religious knowledge. The research begins by analyzing the concept of cultural globalization as a system of cognitive and value-based influence that transcends geographical boundaries and local cultures. It then explores the nature of doctrinal knowledge in the Islamic intellectual tradition, examining its sources, epistemological foundations, and methodological mechanisms of regulation. Within this framework, the study seeks to reveal the dynamics of interaction between two parallel trajectories: the trajectory of globalization, which promotes intellectual openness and pluralism, and the trajectory of doctrinal tradition, which emphasizes the preservation of theological principles and the protection of religious authority. The study also discusses major doctrinal challenges associated with cultural globalization, including the spread of epistemological relativism, the growing influence of secular discourses, and the increasing impact of global intellectual references on individual religious consciousness. At the same time, it explores the possibility of developing a contemporary theological approach capable of engaging with these transformations without compromising foundational doctrinal principles. The study concludes that the tension between doctrinal tradition and intellectual modernity should not be understood as a zero-sum conflict. Instead, it can be approached as an opportunity to reconstruct theological discourse through a synthesis that combines classical foundations with critical engagement with contemporary intellectual developments.

This research addresses a crucial and fundamental topic: the interpretation of the Holy Quran through the sayings of the Companions (may God be pleased with them). Undoubtedly, they were students of their teacher, the noble Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him), and after him, they were the most knowledgeable people regarding the meanings of the Quran, having witnessed the revelation and being familiar with its contexts and circumstances.
The interpretations of the Companions are considered a third source of Quranic exegesis, after the Holy Quran and the Prophetic Sunnah. Their interpretations are among the most reliable sources after those of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). As mentioned, this led to the idea of studying the interpretations of the Companions. The researcher found that Imam Ibn al-Anbari's valuable book, "Al-Zahir," is replete with numerous interpretations transmitted from the early generations, particularly the interpretations of the Companions (may God be pleased with them). He relied upon these interpretations to explain the meanings of Quranic words and verses. This study is dedicated to examining the interpretation of the Holy Quran using the sayings of the Companions in Imam Ibn al-Anbari's aforementioned book. The title of the research is: "The Interpretation of the Companions According to Imam Ibn al-Anbari in His Book 'Al-Zahir' on the Meanings of People's Words: A Theoretical and Applied Study." The research consists of an introduction, a preface, two main sections, and a conclusion summarizing the most important findings, followed by a list of sources and references.

There is no doubt that the judiciary and Fatwas are important fields in Islamic jurisprudence, and they have an undeniable jurisprudential status, because the judiciary touches people's lives and affects them, as the judges present their problems and cases to consider them and issue rulings on them. The same applies to Fatwas, so if the Mufti is knowledgeable enough to be qualified for this great position, then the affairs of their religion and the Hereafter will be reconciled.

Praise be to Allah, who enjoined mercy upon all of humanity, and peace and blessings be upon the one sent as a mercy to the worlds.
This research examines the concept of mercy in Islam, demonstrating that it is a religion of compassion, kindness, security, and peace—far removed from violence and hatred. The message of Islam in its entirety is a message of mercy. Therefore, the topic of Islam’s mercy toward non-Muslims holds great and profound significance in the religion.
The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came with a message of mercy that calls for respecting reason and acting with wisdom. Whoever resorts to reason and wisdom enters the sphere of mercy. Since Islam calls for knowledge and learning, whoever acts upon knowledge and understanding enters the sphere of mercy. Because it promotes noble character, purity of the soul, and freedom from immoral deeds, the person who embodies virtuous conduct and moral excellence enters the sphere of mercy.
Islam’s mercy toward non-Muslims is manifested through granting them all their human rights, regardless of their faith, color, or ethnicity. Since honoring the human being is the intended purpose and primary objective of Islam, its message has addressed everything related to human welfare in life by securing fundamental rights: freedom of belief, liberty, justice, equality, education, work, ownership, freedom of expression, protection of women and children, preservation of the family and the elderly, and safeguarding human dignity—among many other rights—whether the person is Muslim or non-Muslim.
Glory be to your Lord, the Lord of Majesty, above what they describe. Peace be upon the messengers, and praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds.

This research deals with the study and documentation of two figures who are pillars of the Hanafi school: the first is Imam Ibrahim al-Halabi (d. 956 AH), author of the text "Multaqa al-Abhur," which served as the official law of the Ottoman Empire, and the second is the commentator Imam Muhammad Effendi al-Halabi (d. 1104 AH), author of detailed jurisprudential commentaries.
As for the side application of the research, it focused on achieving a jurisprudential text from the chapters of purification, specifically: “The Obligations of Ablution,” and reviewed the legal rulings by tracing the differences between the meanings of “ablution” linguistically and legally, while controlling the terms related to the event, and clarifying the concept of “obligation” as determined by conclusive evidence that does not allow for interpretation, printing the text for the issue of “the accusative case” in the conjunction of the feet with the heads, and the detailed article on the entry of “the goal” into “the limit,” and reviewing the rulings related to matters related to hair (such as the excuse and the beard), and the study relied on deducing the ruling by citing the opinions of the reliable authorities of the Hanafi imams (such as Al-Bada’i, Al-Muhit, and Al-Kanz).

This study examines the attributes of meaning (ṣifāt al-maʿānī) and the qualitative attributes (ṣifāt maʿnawiyyah) according to Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jamāʿah, with an exegetical application to Sūrat al-Anfāl and Sūrat al-Tawbah based on the tafsīr of Imām Abū Ḥafṣ al-Nasafī, as one of the prominent figures of the Māturīdī school in articulating doctrinal issues. The study aims to clarify the true nature of these attributes, their classifications, and their rational and textual evidences, while highlighting al-Nasafī’s methodological approach in affirming them through the integration of revealed texts and rational proof, with full adherence to the principle of divine transcendence and the negation of any resemblance between the attributes of the Creator and those of created beings. This is fully consistent with the principles of Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jamāʿah, and underscores the significance of doctrinal exegesis in understanding the Qur’anic text and firmly establishing sound Islamic belief

This research examines the concept of temporal factors and their role in guiding legal texts and the application of rulings. It clarifies that temporal factors do not alter the established texts themselves, but rather influence how they are applied to reality. The research also demonstrates the legitimacy of this concept through the statements of scholars who have acknowledged the possibility of legal rulings changing with the times. Furthermore, the research presents the guidelines governing this influence.These guidelines include:
not contradicting definitive texts and achieving the public interest. The research also discusses the areas of influence of temporal factors on interpretive rulings and legal opinions, presenting practical examples such as the fee for teaching the Quran and determining the start of Ramadan. It concludes that:
Considering the changing times is essential for achieving the objectives of Islamic law and alleviating hardship for people. Keywords: Temporal factors, guidance, texts, objectives.

This research examines the term "Shaytan" (Satan) and its meaning according to scholars of hadith criticism. It is divided into three sections. The first section explores the linguistic origins of the term, revealing a disagreement between the Kufan and Basran schools of grammar regarding its root. The more likely origin is the root (shatana), as it aligns with Quranic usage. The second section examines the term's usage in the language of the Quran and Arabic poetry. It shows that the word "Shaytan," in its various forms and derivatives, appears in 88 places in the Quran. Its usage encompasses a range of concepts, including Iblis and his offspring, rebellious jinn, soothsayers, and snakes. Poetic usage also adheres to this broader understanding. The third topic was about the use of the term by scholars of criticism and authentication, which, according to them, revolves around severe criticism of the narrator or severe commendation of him. The criterion for knowing its use is the context. The number of narrators who were described by the word as criticism reached three narrators, and the number of narrators who were described by the word as commendation reached seven narrators.

Research addressed the concept of cause and it's place in Islam ,protecting and preserving them from whims and tampering ,He has surrounded it with instructions that affirm its sanctity as one of the main pillars in building the family and stabilizing society , This divine care is evident in the Quranic texts , which emphasize the necessity of children being attributed to their fathers , The prophet ( peace and blessings be upon him ) also reprimanded and threatened sevre punishment for those who deny their children or claim lineage to someone other than their father , He also urged the learning of genealogy is essential ; because people's knowledge of lineage is a major social necessity and one of the greatest blessings God has bestowed upon His servants , The first thing aperson
knows is their lineage, distinguishing them from others , The study of genealogy and the sciences derived from it stem from God's words : ( O mankind indeed We have created yor from male and made you into tribes and clans that you may know one another lndeed the most noble of you in the sight of Allah is the most righteous of you lndeed Alah is knowing and Acquainted ) [ Al-Hujurat : 13 ] , ln this verse God Almighty informs us that humankind originated from one source Adam and Eve and that He subsequently made them into nations from which tribes andClans branched out , so that each one knows his lineage to his tribe and Clan , and no sees himself as superior to others In proportion to this ;
because the basis of differentiation is piety : ( lndeed the most noble of you in the sight of Allah is the most pious of you) .

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All praise is due to Allah, Lord of the worlds. May blessings and peace be upon the noblest of all creation, our master Muhammad ﷺ, the Trustworthy, and upon his family, his companions, and his wives altogether.
To proceed:
This research addresses the study entitled: “The Objective of Removing Hardship (Rafʿ al-Ḥaraj) according to al-Mawṣilī al-Ḥanafī in his book al-Ikhtiyār li-Taʿlīl al-Mukhtār – Book of Purification – A Collection and Analytical Study.”
The study seeks to clarify the subsidiary objectives related to the removal of hardship as presented in al-Ikhtiyār li-Taʿlīl al-Mukhtār within the Book of Purification, examining and explaining them comprehensively. It also defines and clarifies terms that require further explanation, and outlines the foundations from the Qur’an and the Sunnah upon which this objective is established.
In addition, the research cites the opinions of a number of scholars from various schools of thought who share and support the author of al-Ikhtiyār in his views. Each issue is reinforced with a concise and comprehensive summary highlighting the essential findings regarding the objective.
The study follows both the inductive and analytical methodologies, and it is structured into an introduction, two chapters, and a conclusion.

All praise is due to Allah, Lord of the worlds, and peace and blessings be upon our master Muhammad, his family, and all his companions.
This research is devoted to the study of the objective of alleviating hardship (rafʿ al-ḥaraj) according to Imam al-Mawṣilī al-Ḥanafī in his book al-Ikhtiyār li-Taʿlīl al-Mukhtār, specifically in the Book of Prayer—through collection and analysis. The study gathers the relevant issues and clarifies the partial objectives related to alleviating hardship for the legally responsible person (mukallaf) in matters of prayer, as established by the author.
The research adopts an inductive and analytical methodology. It traces the issues in which the concept of alleviating hardship appears either explicitly or implicitly. Each issue is presented as mentioned in the book, followed by a critical discussion and clarification of the opinions of the four Sunni schools of law, with brief reference to their evidences. The juristic proof is then identified, the inferred partial objective is outlined, and the relationship between the ruling and the objective is explained. Terms requiring clarification are also defined where necessary.
The study concludes that the objective of alleviating hardship is one of the prominent partial objectives in the Book of Prayer and serves as a guiding principle in many subsidiary rulings—whether concerning legal excuses, concessions, or consideration of the circumstances of those legally accountable. Thus, this research highlights the maqāṣid-oriented dimension of Ḥanafī jurisprudence and affirms that alleviating hardship is not merely a general universal maxim, but a practical objective whose effects are clearly manifested in the reasoning and development of legal rulings.
The research is divided into an introduction, two chapters, and a conclusion

Praise be to God, who taught by the pen, taught man what he did not know. Peace and blessings be upon the noblest of creation and messengers, Muhammad (peace be upon him).
This research examines the two objectives of freedom and the removal of harm according to Ibn al-Humam in his book Fath al-Qadir (Book of Manumission), compiling and analyzing them. Its aim is to gather the objectives related to freedom and the removal of harm in Fath al-Qadir, specifically in the chapter on manumission, and to study and explain them in a general manner. It clarifies terms that require explanation to understand their meaning, supports the objectives with evidence from the Quran and Sunnah, and mentions the opinions of scholars from various schools of thought that support Ibn al-Humam's view. The research concludes with a concise summary. This research employs an inductive and analytical methodology and is divided into an introduction, two chapters, and a conclusion.
Praise be to God, who taught by the pen, taught man what he did not know. Peace and blessings be upon the noblest of creation and messengers, Muhammad (peace be upon him). The introduction: It included defining all the terms in the title except for the term “freedom,” which I dedicated to a special section in the first chapter. The introduction was divided as follows: defining the purpose, removing harm, defining Kamal Ibn Al-Humam and his personal and academic life, defining his book, and defining emancipation. The first chapter included defining freedom, and an application of the purpose related to freedom. The second chapter included two applications of the purpose of removing harm, and a conclusion that included the most important results

Allah has granted simplification and ampleness for this nation, so He prepared the Imams and critics of the Suona to penetrate the original from the outlandish, and to recognize the right from the wrong. He also stipulated following His prophet .
The science of Ashraf after the Koran is the talk of the Messenger of Allah - peace be upon him- , And the greatest closeness to God after his book, is to draw close to the servant of the year of the Prophet, May God have come from this nation of men of science, God save them Sunni, and these scholars Imam Ibn kathear, who is one of the senior of the eighth century in the graduation and explanation and clarification He was one of the most distinguished, and was one of the imams who gathered between the jurisprudence and the Hadith , and this research entitled objections because of talk in the narrator, where the researcher studied ten objections, according to the origins of scientific research

topic Theology is considered one of the most important topics in Science the Kalam the contemporary Islamic, and it deals with issues relating to God as the absolute , and Dr . Abdul Jabbar Al-Rifai is among the scholars who have addressed the concept of the Divine Absolute ( the Absolute ) through an approach that combines rational Agreed with text divine , This made his approach an integrated approach that combined textual reasoning and with rational transcendence .

This study examines the exegetical methodology of Imām ʿAbd al-Qādir al-Jīlānī (d. 561 AH). Before outlining the methodology of any scholar, it is essential to address their biography; therefore, this research begins with an overview of Shaykh al-Jīlānī’s life. This includes an introduction to his name and lineage, his scholarly career, and his most prominent teachers and students The study then explores his approach to Qur’anic interpretation, focusing on his method of interpreting the Qur’an by the Qur’an itself, his interpretation of the Qur’an through the Prophetic Sunnah, and his use of allegorical (ishārī) exegesis.

The study of fanaticism is of great importance in the present time, as it directly affects the unity of the Muslim Ummah and the bonds of faith-based brotherhood, and contributes to the revival of division and discord. Through defining fanaticism, it has been shown that it refers to blind adherence to the opinion of a jurist, a particular school of thought, or an Islamic sect, which leads to the rejection of truth when clear evidence appears. This, in turn, results in intellectual rigidity that has negatively impacted the structure of the Islamic society, fragmenting it and sowing the seeds of division and disagreement among its members.
The researcher identified several forms of fanaticism, such as partisan, nationalist, and tribal fanaticism, as well as the causes that lead to it, based on the views and analyses of scholars. These causes include ignorance of the true nature of matters, refusal to listen to others, blind imitation, intellectual isolation, mental rigidity, and rejection of opposing opinions. The study concludes that Islam confronted fanaticism at its roots by reminding human beings of their common origin in order to eliminate arrogance and pride, and by establishing piety as the true criterion of merit among people. It also warned against the destructive effects of fanaticism on both the individual and society, clarifying that adherence to it results in division and corruption, whereas abandoning it leads to unity, social cohesion, and the realization of the objectives of Islamic law in justice and human brotherhood.
The benefit of studying the prohibition of fanaticism lies in opening the door to dialogue, examining the opinions of others, and evaluating them through critical analysis in order to uncover the truth and resolve many scholarly disagreements. Muslim scholars have historically embodied objectivity, fairness, and freedom from fanaticism in their academic discussions, making truth their ultimate goal and the pleasure of God their highest aim.