Al-Qadisiyah Journal For Agriculture Sciences

The experiment is conducted to study the effect of gibberellin, cultar, and salinity levels and their interactions on flowering and fruiting characters of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) cv; local and luz De otono. Seeds are planted in metal canes at dimensions of 23 X 33 X 33 cm using silty-clay soil. The experiment runs during the period from 15-10-2006 until 17-4-2007. The two plant growth regulators used are; GA3 at 100, 200, or 400 mg/L and cultar at 250, 500 or 1000 mg/L in addition to control (plants sprayed with distilled water only). The salt levels are 0.02, 0.04 or 0.06 molar in addition to control treatment. Treatments are designed as a factorial experiment (7 x 4) in completely randomized design with three replicates. The flowering and fruiting parameters measured are; date to 50% flowering and podding, total flowers number, total pods number, percentage of dry matter of pods and seeds in addition to protein and carbohydrate percentage in seeds. The results show that there are no significant effects of gibberellic acid treatments on the time to 50% flowering, or total number of flowers per plant. Cultar treatments causes an earliness of flowering and an increase in total number of flowers. Salinity treatments has a negative effect especially at the treatment of 0.06 molar of sodium chloride. Gibberellic acid treatments increase the time to reach 50% pods and decreased the total number of pods. Cultar treatments decrease the time to reach 50% pods and increase the total number of pods. Sodium chloride treatments have a reverse effect to that of the cultar. Dry matter percentage of pods and seeds decreased due to all treatments used. All treatments used have no significant effect in protein percentage in seeds of the local cultivar or carbohydrate percentage in seeds of luz De otono cultivar. Interaction between the two growth regulators and salinity levels has significant effect on most of the parameters determined especially the combination of the high concentration of gibberellic acid or cultar with the high level (0.06 molar) of sodium chloride.

Experiment is conducted in the lath house in the the Department of Horticulture , College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad. Seedlings of Aloe vera plant are planted in plastic pots 28 cm in dimeter filled with sandyloam soil. The research contains two separate experiments. In the first experiment, nitrogen fertilizer is used as urea CO(NH2)2 46% applied to the soil at a rate of:0,0.5,1.0,1.5 g. plant-1 or as afoliar spray at a rate of :0,1,2,3 g . L-1.In the second experiment, cycocel is sprayed at the following concentration :0,500,1000,1500 mg.L -1.The experimental results show that nitrogen at the rate of N1.5g.plant-1 in the content of the leaves of the aloin and barbolin , Alotic acid, anthrone, exceeds the fertilization treatment N0.5g.plant-1 in the content of the leaves of Aloe- emodin, exceeds the fertilization treatment N1.0 g.L-1 in the content of the leaves of anthranol and cinnamic acid. The spray treatment of nitrogen at the rate of N2g.L-1 increases the concentration of. aloin , Aloe-emodin , anthrone and cinnamic acid. The spray treatment of cycocel at the rate of 1500 mg.L-1 for two spry increases the concentration of, cinnamic acid , aloin , barbolin , aloe- emodin and Alotic acid. The spray treatment of cycocel at the rate of 1500 mg.L-1 in four spry increases the concentration of cinnamic acid and aloin . The spray treatment of cycocel at the rate of 1000 mg.L-1 for two spry increases the concentration of anthranol and anthrone.

A field experiment is carried out at Mishkab Rice Research Station , Al- Najaf Governorate during summer season of 2008 to investigate the response of rice to Herbicides ( Bispyrabic-Sodium , Propanil and Oxadizon) on some characteristics , yield and its component of cultivar Jasmine. The design used is RCBD with four replication. Bispyrabic- Sodium causes a reduced number of weed at stages 30 , 60 and 90 day, from plant sowing 16.7 , 75.7 and 80.3 plant.m-2 and also reduces the dry weight of these plant by 83.6% compared with control treatment, therefore it gives high value of plant height 91.6 cm , biological yield 1998.9 gm.m-2 , number of tillering per square meter 420.6, number of grain per panicle 127.5 grains, also it gives highest paddy of rice 966.0 gm.m-2. It can be concluded that the different of dosages among the herbicide gives the same result of weed control and increasing paddy of rice according to weedy treatment.

The experiments are implemented in the lath house of the Horticulture and Landscaping Department, College of Agriculture, Basrah University for season 2010-2011 in order to investigate the effect of spraying of Thiamine and Ascorbic acid on vegetative and flowering growth of Carnation Dianthus caryophyllus L. The experiment includes studying the effect of spraying with three concentrations of Thiamine (0,25,50) mg/l and three concentrations of Ascorbic acid (0,25,50) mg/l and the interaction among them. A Complete Randomized Design is used with three replicates; the means are compared by using revised least significant difference test at 0.05 probability. Results show that the plants treated with 50 mg/l thiamine causes a significant increase in most vegetative characteristics and plants treated with 25 or 50 mg/l thiamine causes a significant increase in most of flowering characteristics studied .Treatment with Ascorbic acid concentrations 50 mg/l causes a significant increase in plant height and most of flowering characteristics

The study is conducted to determine the effects of Humic acid and planting distances on growth and yield of Karkada ( Hibiscus sabdarifa L.) The seeds are planted directly in field at 19-5-2010 . The experiment is designed as a factorial experiment 322 by Randomized Completely Block Design . The humic acid is sprayed on the leaves in rates of 0 ( control ) , 1.5 and 2 ml liter after one month from seedling emergence and in same rates recurrent after one month . The seeds are planted at two distances 50 cm , 70 cm. Results show that the humic acid has significantly effect on fruit weight (5.53) gm and height plant(192.90)cm. The planting distances have no significant effect on all plant traits . The interaction between humic acid and planting distances have significant effect on chlorophyll content(59.60) spad , number of Branches (37.60) branch per plant , fruit weight (5.57)gm and plant height (132.0)cm.

Implemented a field experiment is conducted in one of the farmers fieldsat the bank of the Euphrates River in Ramadi - Anbar Province in the autumn season 2010 to study the impact of two important factors on the productivity of crop sunflower products Vlami, Group I, levels of irrigation, the irrigation 100% (full irrigation), 75% and 50 % of ready water, and Group II levels of plant density, distributed as follows (53 333 and 66 666 and 88 888) plants / ha, use a split plot design with random sectors, where the occupied levels of irrigation main plots and plant density secondary pieces. From levels of irrigation the first treatment of irrigation, has given the best area of leaf is 6743 cm 2 / plant and the top holds the seeds of the amount of 3.896 tonnes / ha and the top of each of the consumption of water amounted to 399 mm / season, as well as the amount of water given to where the 499 mm / season and the highest coefficient of yield calculated from the basin of evaporation and the highest coefficient of yield calculated from the equation of Kalat , while the third irrigation treatment gives the highest efficiency in the use of water amounted to 1.868 kg / m 3, the less amount of water given 246 mm / season. The plant density is low plant density 53 333 plants / ha increase in leaf area, while densities 66,666 and 88,888 plants / ha gave an increase in the sum of seeds 4.502 and 3.536 tons / ha, respectively, and water use efficiency is 1.824 and 1.386 kg / m 3 respectively>

To study the relationship among mineralogical composition of soil fractions and fraction size , on adsorption of zinc in some alluvial soils , two soil sites are chosen to represent sediments of Tigris and Euphrates rivers.Soils are fragmented to find clay (< 0.2)micron , coarse clay (0.2-2)micron , silt (2-50)and sand (50-2000)micron fractions are treated with four levels of zinc solution(ZnSo4.7H2o) , at rates of (0,20,40,60microgram.ml-1) . The results show an agreement between amount of adsorbed zinc and soil content of smectite and chlorite minerals. The highest adsorption is in fine clay and sand of Tigris sediments , which have high content of expansible 2:1 minerals . The results show a negative relationship between amount of adsorbed zinc and fraction size. The results show that Zinc adsorption increase with further addition of Zinc to the samples and the highest zinc adsorbed is in the fine clay in all treatments, while sand is the lowest.

The study has been conducted in AL-Azaizya city (AL-Kut GovernorateK , 80 km south-east Baghdad . To evaluate the field performance of mould board plough. Two evaluations are considered in this regard; first adding or not adding water to the driving tires of tractor, while the second evaluation includes three levels of ploughing depthes (10, 15 and 20 cm). The random complete block design (RCBD) was used in the statistical analysis of obtained data, which are based on the observations of three replications. The results have demonstrated that adding water to the driving tire of tractor is significantly effective in decreasing the number of soil granules masses that have a diameter of more than 10 cm (from 7.3 mass/m2 to 3.4 mass/m2). Equally important, increasing tillage depth from 10 cm to 15 cm and then to 20 cm also caused an increase in the number of soil granules masses from 4.4 mass/m2 to 5.2 mass/m2 and then to 6.6 mass/m2, respectively. Adding water to driving tires of tractor causes a reduction in slippage percentage from 12.9% to 8.5%. In contrast, increasing tillage depth causes an increase in the slippage percentage from 9.7% to 10.6% and then to 11.8%. Finally, the practical production is decreased due to the added water to the driving tires and rising the tillage depth.

This study has been carried out at two regions (Al-Qurna and Al- Mudayna) by using 27 of local buffaloes (11 calves, 16 heifers) during 2008- 2009 which are belonged to dams with five lambing seasons and their age groups rangs studying 3.5-5 , 5.5- 7.5 and 8 years and over. The current study aims at study the effect of age of calve and heifer, sex of borns, dam age, lambing parity on different body measurements, and to study the effect of borns sex, age of dam and lambing parity on birth weight of calves and heifers. The results can be summarized as follows : Age of calve and heifers appears significantly (P<0.05 or P<0.01) effect on all body measurements, where these measurements are increased with the progress of the age of the calves and heifers, initially from birth to 22 months of age, chest girth and hip girth dimensions inquire larger change in all periods where are (12.296 and 11.333 cm) from birth to 4 months of age,(18.519 and 18.408 cm) for period from 10-16 month and (66.111 and 64.741 cm) for period from birth to 22 months of age. As well as it is found that portional growth for body length, wither height, rump height, chest girth and hip girth dimensions from birth up to 22 months of age are 68.49, 70.84, 46.55, 63.47 and 57.16 % respectively. It can depend on these changes for early prediction of body measurements which have higher correlations with others at age of 22 months. It is noticed in this study that sex of borns, age of dam, parity lambing have been affected significantly (P<0.05) on different body measurements which are increased with the progress age of dams. The overall means for birth weight of buffaloe borns is 37.617 kg, this trait is influenced significantly (P<0.05) by sex of buffaloe born, age of dam

The present experiment has been conducted at a private farm belongs to AL-Sadeer city , ALQadisiya Governorate ,on 60 local broiler chicks randomly divided into two replicates (three groups per each ). A provender : contains 2800 kcal., B provender : contains 3000 kcal and C provender : contains 3200 kcal . On to determine the effect of three levels of energy on protein , lipid in blood and some sensory character of local broilers . The following obtained results show that there is no significant differences between treatments in total protein , Albumen , flavor , palatability, juiceless and lose during cooking, while there are significant difference between treatments in globulin, cholesterol ,triglyceride and tenderness.

This study is conducted to examine serum of (334) Camels in Al- Najaf slaughter house, which includes (219) males camel and (115) females camel during the first of July until the end of September/ 2010 , to investigate antibodies against Toxoplasmosis by Latex agglutination test as well as to estimate the levels of their antibodies by using semiquantative test. The total percentage of infestation 20.35%, and sex has no significance on their infestation in examined camels (16.89%) in males camel and 26.95% in females camel. The highest percentage of seropositive with Toxoplasmosis is recorded in adult camels 23.33%, while it is (15.3%) in young camels .The results reveal that the highest titration of antibodies level is 32 (19.11%), and there is no significant effect of sex on antibodies level, while the age of examined camels is affected significantly.

This study includs the determination of the effect of the insecticide (Nogos) on Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from the rizosphere of Vicia faba in the fields of AL-Qadisiya district at the range of 0.1,0.3 0.5 ppm concentration where the 0.5 ppm concentration represents the initial concentration in the fields . The results show that the numbers of P.aeruginosa reached 5.8×107 in treatment control, but the number decreases to 6.4×106 with Nogos in 0.3 ppm and the numbers increased to 1.2×108 in 0.1, 0.5 ppm . The results show that P. aeruginosa are able to convert this insecticide to other compounds in the laboratory.

The present research studys the effect of some biological and physiological materials on the two isolations Alternaria sp. The study includes the effects of some species from cultures media on the Alternaria sp. Growth , it is found that the difference between the two isolations from appearance side in the dishes or microscope .Cultures media appearance is high efficiency in growth fungus Alternaria alternata and get diameter of the colonies as to isolation Alternaria teunissima .Therefore Alternaria teunissima as to isolation appearance on the (PDA) media ,as well as that the effect of a number of chemical materials on the species of Alternaria sp are represented in (sodium chloride ,sucrose ,sodium citrate, sodium carbonate) and it is noticed that their effect on the two isolations with the choice number of concentration it and it is observed that the efficiency on tow isolations .Also it is observed that the effect of the number of heating degrees on isolation and that it used to keep the nutrient , as well as the choice bacillin of fungicide that it is used in that protecting of crops from and prevention the rot getting rather observing it effect on the tow isolations.

This experiment includes the measurement of some chemical characteristics of AL-Najef sea water which situated at the west of AL-Najaf Governorate .On September,15,2010. Samples are collected from five locations to study : temperature , electric conductivity (EC),PH, hardness and concentration of ions : Chloride, Sulphates and Carbonates. Results have shower that the measurements of :temperature ranges (20- 28)CV, EC (39-206.6) μm/cm; PH (4.6- (400-873)mgL. The concentration of ions ranges were of Chloride (200-1400) mg/L; Carbonate (70-155) mg/L and Sulphate (260-1400)mg/L. Results have also revealed ,that the values of temperature, conductivity and hardness are increased with water movement toward the sea with an increased concentration for the studied ions . These results have indicated that sea water of AL-Najaf is polluted with an acidic behaviour.