Al-Fatih journal

The current study aims at knowing " the Effect of Rally strategy on Achievement and self-confidence for the female pupils of the fifth primary stage in the subject of sciences.
The community of the study is represented by the registered female pupils of the fifth primary stage in the Directorate of Education of Diyala.
The researcher، deliberately، selected Sabra Female Primary School as a field to implement the experiment. Using simple and random selection، Class "A" ، with "33" female pupils، was selected as the experimental group، to be taught the subject of sciences according to Rally strategy. While class "C" ، with "32" female pupils، was selected to represent the controlling group ، to be according to the traditional method.
The researcher used the experimental method with experimental design of partial control and post test which was composed of two groups، experimental and controlling. Equivalences، between both groups، were preformed using the equivalent variables" time age، intelligence، the previous biological information، previous achievement of the subject of sciences and self-confidence scale."
Statistics proved that both groups were equivalent according to the aforementioned variables. Having specified the scientific subjects the researcher designed the behavioral objectives and set the lessons plans for the female pupils of both groups. The achievement test was composed of "30" objective items of multiple choice with for alternatives 'distractors. '
Validity and Psychometric features: " difficulty and easiness factor of the items، the efficiency of distractors " were proved . In addition، stability of the items was also proved using Kuder Richardson، it was 0.85"."
The study was implemented in the first course of academic year "2020-2021". Al-Ghamdi's self-confidence scale was adopted. The scale contains "22" items. Using the statistical means، the results showed the superiority of the female pupils of the experimental group، taught according to Rally strategy، over the female pupils of the controlling group، in achievement and self-confidence. According to the results achieved، the researcher set a group of conclusions،
recommendations and suggestions.

The research aims to identify the relationship between the perfectionism traits and the parental image among the students of Al-Hamdania University, as well as measuring the level of perfectionism traits, measuring the parental image, and revealing the statistical significance of the relationship between them in the light of the variables: gender (males/females), stage (second/fourth) and specialization (scientific/ humanitarian).
To achieve the goal of the research, the researcher chose a stratified random sample of the students of Al-Hamdania University for the academic year (2021-2022). The sample size was (850) students from the scientific and humanitarian specializations and from the second and fourth stages.
To achieve the goal of the research, it is necessary to prepare measurement tools for identifying the level of variables, so the researcher prepared a scale of perfectionism traits which, in its final form, consists of (32) items of five alternatives (strongly agree, agree to some extent, agree, disagree, strongly disagree). As for the second tool, she adopted the maternal image scale prepared by (Musa: 2016), which in its final version consisted of (28) items of three alternatives for both images (the image of the father, the image of the mother). The alternatives were (agree, somewhat agree, disagree). The validity and stability of the two tools were verified, as well as the rest of the psychometric properties related to the distinction of items and the validity of internal consistency.
The researcher started applying her research tools from Saturday (27/11/2021), for a period of two and a half months, and after collecting data and analyzing them statistically, the results came as follows:
The students of Hamdania University possess an average level of perfectionism traits.-1
2-Students of Al-Hamdania University have an average level of the parental image (father’s image – mother’s image).
. 3-There is a relationship between the perfectionism traits and the parental image among the students of Al-Hamdania University.
, the researcher came up with a number of conclusions, the most important of which are:
.1-The students of Al-Hamdania University have an average level of perfectionism traits and the parental image, and this indicates that they carry personal traits together, .
The researcher also made a number of recommendations. The most important of which are:
1- The university administration should enhance the students’ perfectionism traits through scientific competitions, exhibitions and seminars , University counselors and professors should educate students about the need to respect parents.
., the researcher put forward a number of proposals. The most important of which are
1-Conducting a survey to reveal the level of perfectionism traits and the parental image among outstanding students and their peers at the level of Iraqi universities.

The research aims to identify the effectiveness of an educational program based on the areas of cultural diversity in the achievement of students in the fourth grade, history material and the development of their cultural intelligence. The researcher used the experimental design with dimensional control. The research samples consisted of (64) students, with two experimental groups amounting to (31) students, and a control group amounting to (33) students for the second semester of the academic year (2021-2022). The researcher prepared an achievement test consisting of (25) items of the multiple-choice type, and adopted the scale (Haijneh 2014) for cultural intelligence consisting of (23) items. The data were processed by appropriate statistical means, as indicated by the results that showed the experimental group was superior to the control group in achievement and cultural intelligence. In the light of the research results, the researcher presented a number of recommendations and proposals.

The research aims to identify (the effect of the one-time principle strategy on the collection of expression material among the fifth grade students), and to achieve the goal of the research, the researcher adopted an experimental design with partial control, and the research sample was selected from the fifth grade students in Al Manhal Elementary School for Boys, affiliated to the Directorate Baghdad Education - Al-Rusafa III, and the number of fifth-grade students in this school was two divisions (A + B), and by random drawing method, Division (A) represented the experimental group, which numbered (28) students, who were taught the subject of expression according to the one-time principle strategy. Division (B) represented the control group, and its number was (25) students who were taught the subject of expression according to the traditional method used. The researcher identified the scientific material that included (6) topics for the subject of expression from the book of reading the Arabic language to be taught to the fifth grade students for the academic year (2018-2019), and the researcher prepared teaching plans for the topics of the experiment, behavioral goals, and a post-test.
The researcher used the following statistical methods: (the t-test for two independent samples to find equivalence between the experimental and control groups in the variables (age, degrees of the Arabic language for the previous year, the academic achievement of the parents), the researcher reached a number of results, including: the superiority of the students of the experimental group over the students of the control group In expressive performance, and in the light of the results, the researcher recommended the following: Urging teachers of the Arabic language to use the one-time principle strategy in teaching expression

The current research aims to know (the effect of a counseling program based on the method of cognitive control in the development of the subjective vitality of educational counselors), and in order to achieve the objectives of this research, the experimental method was adopted to verify the hypotheses of the current research. Their selection is from Diyala Education Directorate, and the sample was distributed randomly between two equal groups. The program prepared to be applied to the experimental group was used, while the control group was not exposed to the extension program. The researcher adopted Cognitive control method, and the number of sessions (12 sessions) was presented to a group of experts in this field, and they supported the validity of the program. There are no statistically significant differences at the level (0.05) between the scores of the experimental group and the control group in the post test, and the researcher came out in the light of the results with a number of conclusions, recommendations and suggestions.

The impact of PECS’s strategies and a network of questions on the achievement of geography for eleventh grade students

This study aimed to find out the extent to which male and female Arabic language teachers at the primary stage possess the competencies of effective teaching from their point of view.The researcher prepared a questionnaire which consists of 48 male and female teachers of Arabic language in the government schools of General Directorate of Diyala Education (46) adequacies were distributed over three domains, and the researcher used the arithmetic means, standard deviations, Cronbach's alpha coefficient, one-way analysis of variance, and the t-test, in analyzing the results. Competencies of a medium degree, and (4) competencies of a low degree. The field of effective planning competencies was ranked first, with an arithmetic average of (3.87), with a rate of (77.4%), and the field of effective implementation competencies ranked second, with an arithmetic mean of (3.64). , with a rate of (72.8%), and the field of effective assessment competencies came in the third rank, with an arithmetic mean of (3.51), with a rate of (70.2%). The results showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the degree of Arabic language teachers’ possession of teaching competencies Effective attributed to Matt Change gender and experience in each of the three areas of the instrument, and at the level of the instrument as a whole.

This research aims to find out the reluctance of some of the teachers to use Newton Platform of Education in primary and secondary schools in Diyala Governorate. The field survey approach was used to collect and analysis data via the SPSS program. The research sample consists 1081 of 1200 the total of the population study (six schools for each district) in Diyala Governorate. An electronic questionnaire form consisted of 25 open – ended questions to find out the causes of the reluctance of some of the teachers to use Newton Platform of Education. The study indicated that all paragraphs of the questionnaire and all of its four domain is significant except the five paragraph in the first domain was significant for Mean Score – and there is a statistically significant difference between Mean Score in experience and gender variables (M=males < females). Moreover, it is indicated that there is a great reluctance among most of the teachers (more than 10 experience years) to use Newton Platform of Education in Diyala city schools. It is recommended the necessity of training all teachers on technology – based teaching methods to acquire the necessary of digital skills .It is suggested to develop the digital skills of teachers to use of educational platforms in schools.

The aim of the research is to identify (the impact of Galleen) strategy based on imagination on the social intelligence of the students of the second intermediate grade, science). To achieve the goal of the research, the researcher adopted the experimental design with partial control, as the research sample reached (70) students, by (35) students for the group the experimental, and (35) students of the control group. The two research groups were rewarded in the two variables (intelligence, chronological age), and the scientific material was identified in the four chapters of the science subject from the textbook to be taught for the current year. The behavioral objectives were formulated for the specific chapters, totaled (160). A behavioral purpose that included the six levels of Bloom's classification for the cognitive domain, as follows: (remembering, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis, and evaluation). The researcher prepared (22) teaching plans for the experimental group according to Galleen's strategy based on imagination, and (22) teaching plans. For the control group, according to the usual method of teaching, the social intelligence scale tool was prepared, the psychometric characteristics and stability were calculated, and the data was analyzed and processed statistically using the statistical bag (SPSS), knowing that the researcher taught the two research groups by himself, and at the end of the experiment, the researcher applied the measure of social intelligence to the students of both groups. The students' answers were corrected, and they were processed statistically. Conclusions and some recommendations were supplied by the researcher.

The current research aims to know the correlation between bullying and susceptibility to negative sensitivity among students who are academically reluctant in primary schools affiliated to Diyala Education Directorate. For the academic year (2021-2022). They were chosen in the intentional way. The researcher built two scales, the first for bullying, which consisted of (18) items, and the second for susceptibility to negative sensitivity, and it consisted of (15) items. The psychometric properties of the two scales of honesty and reliability were extracted. The results of the statistical analysis showed that the sample is characterized by bullying, and there are statistically significant differences between males and females in favor of males on the bullying scale. The results also showed that the sample has a high degree of negative sensitivity. The results also showed that there are differences between males and females on the scale and in favor of females. The results also showed a high direct correlation between the two variables.

The objective of the current research is to identify the effect of the Edelson model on convergent and divergent thinking among the fifth grade female students. To verify the objective of the research, the following zero hypotheses were put forward:
1- There is no statistically significant difference at the level (0.05) between the average of the students of the experimental group who studied according to the Edelson model, and the average of the students of the control group who studied according to the usual method in the convergent thinking test.
2- There is no statistically significant difference at the level (0.05) between the mean of the students of the experimental group who studied according to the Edelson model, and the mean of the students of the control group who studied according to the usual method in the divergent thinking test.
The researcher used the semi-experimental approach, whereby a partial control design was used for two equal groups with a post-test, and the two groups were rewarded for the variables ((intelligence test, chronological age, which is calculated in months, previous achievement in mathematics)).
The research sample consists of (78) female students from the fifth scientific grade, distributed into two groups (40) female students, an experimental group, and (38) female students, a control group.
The researcher prepared the convergent thinking test and the divergent thinking test, and the psychometric properties of the two tests were verified.
The results showed that there is an effect of teaching according to Edelson's model in favor of the experimental group in the tests of convergent thinking and divergent thinking.
In light of the results, the researcher came to conclusions, and put a set of recommendations and suggestions.

The current research aims to identify:
- 1- The degree of emotional balance among middle school students.
2- The degree of parental psychological control among middle school students.
3- The relationship between emotional balance and parental psychological control among middle school students.
4- The difference in the relationship between emotional balance and parental psychological control among middle school students according to the gender variable (males-females).
To achieve the objectives of the research, the researcher adopted a scale (Baker Paper 1996) translated by (Bandar 2020) consisting of (26) items and three alternatives to measure parental psychological control. After applying the two scales to the research sample consisting of (200) middle school students. The results showed that the degree of emotional balance among middle school students was (low) and the degree of parental psychological control was (high). As for the relationship between the two variables, it is an (inverse) relationship. The results also showed that there were no statistically significant differences between the two variables according to the gender variable.

The current research aims to find out the impact of the (v.a.r.k)model in acquiring grammatical concepts among fourth grade students , by venifying the following zero hypothesis : ( there are no statistically significant differences at the level (0,05) between the mean scores of the experimental group students who will study the subject of grammatical concepts using the ( v.a.r.k) model and mean scores of the students of the control group who will study the same subject in the traditional way in the post test .
The researcher followed the experimental approach in finding out the effect of the (v.a.r.k) model in acquiring grammatical concepts among fourth grade students . The researcher adopted an experimental design with partial control . The current research sample consisted of (46) fourth grade students distributed into two groups , in an international way from Al-Tala'a Al Nadeed preparatory school for boys. The researcher rewarded the two groups in a number of variables .
For the purpose of achieving the goal of the researcher, he prepared an achievement test consisting of (30) objective items and the apparent validity and validity of the content were verified. The difficulty coefficient the discrimination coefficient and the effectiveness of alterative were extracted and then to find the stability of the achievement test items by the half term method , and the spearman brown equation and the extent equation . The size of the effect and after collecting and correcting the data according to the correction key for the achievement test and analyzing it statistically using the T-test for two independent samples, the research appeared asfollows :( there is a statistically significant between the mean scores of the students of the experimental group that studied according to the (v.a.r.k ) model , and the scores of the students of the control group that studied according to the .v.a.r.k. model. It was studied according to the traditional method in the post achievement test, in favor of the experimental group .
At the end of the experiment, the researcher came out with a set of conclusions, recommendations and proposals in which he confirmed the effectiveness of the ( v.a.r.k) model in improving the level of students in acquiring grammatical concepts.

Teachers’ attitudes are one of the important topics in the educational process, due to their significant role in influencing their behavior in dealing with learners. An important segment of these learners are selected, namely pupils with learning difficulties in primary schools who study in the first basic primary grades (first, second, and third) and who are exposed to psychological disorders more than others as a result of the difficulty of their psychological, educational and social compatibility with their peers.
The aim of this study :
- Identifying attitudes of primary school teachers towards students with learning difficulties who are integrated into regular classes
- Identifying the differences in attitudes among teachers towards students with learning difficulties according to the variables (gender, educational qualification, and years of service).
The sample of the research includes male and female teachers in primary schools within the Tikrit district. The data are statistically processed and the following results are obtained:
-The primary school teachers' attitudes are positive towards students with learning difficulties.
- There are no statistically significant differences according to the variables (gender, educational qualification) between teachers in the basic stage of primary school towards students with learning difficulties.
- There are statistically significant differences according to the variables (years of experience) between teachers in the basic stage of primary school towards students with learning difficulties.
The researcher recommends:
- Organizing workshops for teachers and principals of primary schools in order to raise awareness of the importance of adopting modern methods and means to deal with and take care for students with learning difficulties.
- The need to develop modern audio-visual teaching aids that are suitable for students with learning difficulties.

The current research aims to identify (psychological capital among university students) and the significance of statistical differences in psychological capital according to the gender variable (male - female). To achieve the objectives of the research, the researchers built a scale (psychological capital) according to Luthans theory (Luthans, 2007) for the university students. It consisted of (22) items, and the apparent validity and the constructive validity were verified. The stability of the scale was verified by two retest methods, and the reliability coefficient reached (0.79), while the reliability coefficient of the tool by Cronbach's alpha method reached (0, 85). By using the statistical bag (SPSS), As statistical means, the following results were reached. University students enjoy psychological capital. There are no statistically significant differences in psychological capital according to the variables of gender (male, female), and in light of the results of the current research, the research came out with a number of recommendations and proposals.

The aims of the study are to acknowledge the following : The psychological and social reasons of intellectual rigidity and methods of treatment it from the point of view secondary school teachers ,in the first karkh Education Directorate in the city of Baghdad for year (2019-2020). The research sample was (600) teachers amounted to (300) male and (300) female. Accordingly, the researcher built a questionnaire to achieve the objectives of the current research ,where the apparent validity and reliability of the questionnaire were extracted by re-application where the reliability coefficient reached (86%)after using the Pearson equation. The Fisher equation was used to extract the result ,where the most prominent psychological reasons repeatedly for intellectual rigidity which are due to adherence to everything that supports private benefit and trying to prove one self .As for the most prominent social reasons ,the wrong family up bring and imitation of prominent figures in society. As for the most prominent methods of constructive and critical scientific thinking, these results in set of recommendations and proposals including avoiding extremism , respecting the other opinion and conducting studies aimed at comparing parents and children in intellectual rigidity and between intellectuals and non –educated people.

The current research aims to The adequacy of mathematics teachers' application of the (5Es) plan from the viewpoint of the specialty supervisor, And To achieve the research goal, the researcher followed the descriptive survey method ., formedthe sample from (11)supervisor from my supervisor mathematics by (6) supervisor And the(5) Fro honorable the Third Directorate of Education of Baghdad / Karkh, they were chosen at random, in the first semester of the academic year (2022-2023),I dated the researcher Questionnaire addressed to Honorable mentions Mathematics about the application of the five-year plan, which consists of (25) itemsas a research too, test was used(Man and Whitney),and test (Kruskal Wallace) to find the significance of the differences in the answers of the research sample members to the variables (gender, educational qualification, and years of service)The results concluded that factors related to application efficiency the teacher for the five-year plan In mathematics for the primary stage, it came with a (significant) degree from one point of view jurisdiction supervisors, while There are no statistically significant differences between paragraphs of the axis as a who leat the level of significance (0.05)according to variables(Gender, educational qualification, and years of service)In light of the results, the researcher came out with several recommendations and proposals.

The current research aims to identify the effectiveness of a counseling program in reducing social marginalization among educational counselors by testing the hypothesis that ((there are no statistically significant differences between the scores of the two experimental and control groups on the scale of social marginalization in the pre and post tests and deferred at the level of significance 0.05)). For the purpose of identifying the level of social marginalization of the sample, the researcher adopted a scale (Al-Janabi, 2014), then the researcher extracted the statistical characteristics of the scale and it was found that all situations have discrimination and a statistically significant correlation. The value of Cronbach's alpha was (0.81), and the scale consisted of (19) items. After applying the counseling program to the experimental sample, the results of the current research concluded that there are statistically significant differences between the experimental and control groups in the post-test and in favor of the experimental one. The findings of the current research are stable, and in the light of these results, the researcher presented a number of conclusions, recommendations and suggestions.

The aim of the current research is to reveal the relationship between bullying and school adaptation among secondary school students and the importance of the two variables at this stage in particular; therefore, its objectives were determined as follows:
1- Identifying school bullying behavior among secondary school students.
2- Identifying the school adaptation of secondary school students.
3- The level of the correlation between bullying behavior and school adaptation among secondary school students.
In order to achieve the objectives, the descriptive approach was used for its suitability to the subject of the research, and the sample of research consisted of (100) female students from the secondary stages. The researcher adopted the 2007 Subhayen bullying scale, which consisted of (38) items, and also adopted the Tareq Raouf scale, which consisted of (30) items. Their psychometric properties were found, as well as a statistical treatment, and the following results were reached:
1- The presence of bullying behavior in our research sample.
2- Female students suffer from disturbances in school adaptation.
3- There is a direct correlation between bullying and school adaptation, meaning that school adaptation decreases as bullying increases in the school environment.

The current research aims to identify the effect of a foresight method on the development of personal intelligence among university students, by testing the following hypotheses:
1. There were no statistically significant differences at the level of significance (0.05) between the ranks of the control group scores in the pre-test and post-test on the personal intelligence scale.
2. There were no statistically significant differences at the level of significance (0.05) between the ranks of the experimental group
scores in the pre-test and post-test on the personal intelligence scale.
3. There were no statistically significant differences at the level of significance (0.05) between the ranks of the experimental and control group scores in the post-test on the personal intelligence scale.
To achieve the aims of the research and test its hypothesis, the researcher used the semi-experimental approach with the design of the two groups (experimental and control). The research sample consisted of (20) students and was distributed randomly into two groups (10) students for each group.
The researcher adopted the personal intelligence scale, which consists of four fields and (33) items. A counseling program was designed based on the method of foresight and the researcher used appropriate statistical means through the use of the statistical program for social sciences (SPSS). The results of the current research showed that the guidance program has an
effect on the development of personal intelligence among the members of the experimental group. The researcher reached a set of conclusions, recommendations, and suggestions according to the results of the research.

The current research aims to find out the effect of using the memory board strategy on the expressive performance of middle school students. To achieve the goal of the research, the following zero hypothesis was put: There is no statistically significant difference at the level (0.05) between the mean scores of the students of the experimental group who study expression according to the board strategy memory, and the mean scores of students in the control group who study expression in the usual way in the post-expressive performance test. The research was limited to a sample of second intermediate students in Diyala Governorate for the second semester of the academic year 2022-2023. As the research sample reached (44) students distributed equally into two divisions, with (22) students in each division, the researcher conducted an equivalence process for the two research groups, which is believed to affect the safety of the experiment and its results. 10) Topics After being presented to a group of experts and specialists in the methods of teaching the Arabic language. The research relied on a ready-made simulation, which is the Hashemite Correction Criteria, to be a tool for measuring the expressive performance of the students of the two research groups, and after using appropriate statistical methods, the results showed the superiority of the experimental group students that used the memory board strategy in teaching expression to the students of the control group that studied the same subject according to the usual method and through the results of the research. The researcher recommended a set of recommendations as well as proposing a set of proposals to complement the current study

The current research aims to identify the impact of a counseling program based on meaning therapy in developing existential fulfillment among university students. The researcher prepared the Existential Loyalty Scale, which consists of (30) items distributed over three domains. The statistical properties of the scale were extracted, and it was found that all items are distinguished and statistically significant. In addition, the psychometric properties of the scale were extracted, such as virtual validity and constructive validity. The researcher designed, for the purposes of the research, a counseling program based on meaning therapy, and the program included (12) sessions and by two sessions per week and the duration of the session (45) minutes. The data was processed using the (spss) program, and the researcher achieved the goal of the research through the results that the research came out with, and in the light of the results, a number of conclusions, recommendations and suggestions were drawn up.

This study aimed to explore the factorial structure of the HEXACO-60 scale, which assesses the six dimensions of personality, by comparing four competing factorial models. Additionally, the research sought to evaluate the psychometric properties of the scale within the context of the most suitable factor structure. The study included a sample of (1732) high school students from Taif city, selected through stratified random sampling. Using the bi-factorial model, the study revealed that all item saturations on their respective factors exceeded the threshold of at least 0.708, and all item reliability coefficients (the sum of the squares of item saturations on their respective factors) surpassed the 0.50 threshold. Furthermore, the study found that the reliability indices, including McDonald's Omega, Ordinal Omega, and Hierarchical Omega, exceeded the 0.70 threshold. Moreover, the assessment of convergent and discriminant validity indicated strong support for the scale's construct validity. These results confirm that the HEXACO-60 scale exhibits robust psychometric properties, making it a suitable tool for assessing personality within the Saudi Arabian population

To study and know the effect of Posner’s model using combinatorial exercises in improving transitional speed and learning some skills in football. The researcher selected the research population from Baghdad Education / Al-Rusafa 3 Al-Amina School, which reached (179) students distributed among (4) groups of second-grade students. The average are (A, B, C, D) in a deliberate manner, as the researcher deliberately conducted a lottery to select (20) students from them in a random manner, and after arranging them in ascending order, they were divided in a systematic random manner into two groups (experimental and control) with (10) students from group (A). ) As an experimental group and (10) students from Hall (B) As a control group for each group, the researcher conducted equivalence and pre- and post-tests, and after implementing the experiment by applying the educational units according to the Posner model and using combinatorial exercises, the researcher deliberately conducted the post-tests and compared the results of the post- and pre-tests for the experimental and control groups. The results showed that the experimental group was superior to the control group in learning skills in the first place. The researcher recommended the necessity of using Posner's model along with the use of combinatorial exercises in teaching different academic levels and in other activities and games.

Researchers have always been interested in integrating scenario strategy into education because it encourages the search for learning strategies in general and learning a foreign language, but the students cannot interact in a real reading environment. Therefore one hypothesis has been constructed to conduct the experiment in which it is hypothesized that there is no significant statistical difference between the mean scores of the students who are taught reading comprehension in the light of scenario strategy and those who are taught by the prescribed and conventional methods recommended by the Iraqi Ministry of Education.
The current study aims to investigate the effectiveness of using scenario-based learning strategy on the performance of the fifth preparatory learners in reading comprehension skills and investigating the differences between the performance of fifth-grade preparatory students in the control group and the experimental group.
To achieve the aim of the study, an experiment was conducted using the pretest and posttest, for both groups; control and experimental groups. The study is limited to fifth-year students at preparatory school for boys. The sample consist of 70 learners from Al-Shaam secondary school for boys.
Two groups were randomly selected. The results show that the scenario-based learning strategy has clearly improved the reading comprehension abilities of Iraqi fifth-grade preparatory students