magazine of college Administration&Economics for economic & administration & financial studies

Maintenance represents a wide scope and great importance in activity of industrial and service organizations as not a of the important role in prolonging the useful life of machinery and equipment and reduce the number of holidays and increase atahai of those machines and reduce troubleshooting time and lengthen the period of time between Malfunction and another .
And through field visits by a two researchers to the Babylon Water Directorate was never so that current maintenance activity and a level does not represent the status needed to solve the maintenance problems of frequent breaks and Malfunctions and high time repairs and high failure rate and the short time between Malfunction and another.
The research concluded the most important recommendations and proposals, the need to apply the proposed maintenance in its managers of the section, because it contributes to raising the efficiency of maintenance programs in the planning Directorate, And reduce the time the required for the implementation of the maintenance.

The research aims to study and compare the standard weights that are brought in the laboratories by means of devices to measure the additives to the experiment and the hypothetical weights that are assumed by the researcher through experience or prediction of default values. These weights were applied to a laboratory experiment of cucumber plants
Usually the plant does not tolerate the salinity of the soil, so the salinity levels of the plant were taken and it was found that its germination rate was weak. The plant was exposed to a plant hormone that stimulates growth at laboratory-prepared standard proportions (weights) as follows (z1 = 0 z2 = 0.5 z3 = 1.5) that was classified on the levels of salts and after End of time specified period data was recorded
An analysis of the recorded data was carried out using standard weights and significant differences were obtained for the plant before adding the plant hormone and after the addition, which explains the importance of adding the auxin hormone to plants to increase their stimulation and their tolerance to salt concentration and increase their After that, the chi-square analysis was also applied, and through the results, there were significant differences in plant germination percentages.

Many researchers and governments, especially in oil-producing countries, have been interested in studying the relationship between revenues and public expenditures that are largely dependent on oil revenues and dependent on the global market that is exposed to shocks, the great fluctuation in prices and the decline of oil revenues on which public budgets are printed, the exacerbation of financial deficits, and the rise of public debt, The research aimed to analyze the reality of financial sustainability in Iraq through public debt indicators, to know the extent of excessive public spending and debt demand, whether internal or external debts, and to know the financial position of the state, and the seriousness that the public debt ratio poses to the Iraqi economy and to future generations, and it has been shown. Through the analysis, the public debt in Iraq has entered the risk phase, which makes it imperative for the government to face the deficit and the burden of the public debt to take critical decisions to adjust expenditures and diversify sources of revenue in order to achieve financial sustainability in the future.

The purpose of the current research is to identify the role of perceived organizational support represented by (organizational reward, leadership support, organizational justice, and participation in decision-making) in improving the green intellectual capital represented by (green human capital, green structural capital, and green relational capital). Therefore, the questionnaire tool was used in order to show the measurement of the level of availability of study variables in a sample of workers in the Babil Municipalities Directorate in Babil Governorate, and in order to reveal the nature of the results that the study seeks to achieve, a set of statistical tools must be used, which is represented by (normal distribution). , The structural modeling equation, the Cronbach alpha coefficient, the arithmetic mean, the standard deviation, the Pearson correlation coefficient, and the regression coefficients that were extracted by the AMOS.V.25 program, and accordingly the results of the research showed that there is a significant correlation and effect for the role of perceived organizational support in improving Green intellectual capital,
and perhaps the most important findings of the research were the necessity for the Babil Municipalities Directorate to pay attention to motivating workers by giving them remunerative rewards towards the creative services they provide It's back to society.

The economies of the rentier countries are among the economies that have obtained large revenues, especially the oil ones, and this is what made these countries continue to rely on these revenues without activating other economic sectors, and the behaviors of the political systems and the outputs of their actions were dependent on providing societal satisfaction by distributing, appeasing and attracting Certain segments and groups of society (tribal - political - religious - public opinion leaders ... etc.), which led to a deepening of the imbalance in the economic structures and to more rigidity of the productive structure
Depending on oil resources that are depleted resources, with the increase in competition for the oil resource, whether from shale oil or clean resources (natural gas), or from renewable resources (green energy), the price shocks are more persistent, more violent and have a shorter duration than before. In light of the global economic shifts.

The current research deals with the topic of the internal environment elements and their reflection in the quality culture of the University of Information and Communication Technology, the research target at determining the level of research variables in the researched field, as well as measuring the level of quality culture of the researched university in order to determine the nature of the relationship and the impact between the elements of the internal environment and the culture of quality in the field researched In pursuit of the research objectives, a set of hypotheses were adopted that centered around the existence of two moral relationships and influence between the elements of the internal environment (organizational structure, leadership, organizational communication, technological development, organizational culture) and the culture of quality. The research relied on the descriptive and analytical approach in presenting and discussing data. By relying on the association of the description of the case with its analysis and drawing of results, and by using a set of statistical methods depending on the program (Spss Ver 19) The data of the practical aspect, which included a description of the answers and opinions of the individuals of the sample surveyed (at the University of Information and Communication Technology), totaling 219 individuals, was analyzed, in addition to analyzing the statistical relationships between the research variables. The internal environment in support of the quality culture of the University of Information and Communication Technology, which means that the attention to the internal environment elements of the researched university administration contributes to improving the quality of its service it provides to its customers.

This research amis to highlight the role that artificial intelligence applications play in improving the quality of educational service in educational institutions affiliated to the Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University (Engineering Technical College, Al-Musayyib Technical Institute), according to the implementation of the research hypotheses and the objectives of the research. A questionnaire form was prepared consisting of three axes, the first discussion The demographic distribution of the sample and the second axis include the dimensions of artificial intelligence. The third included the dimensions of educational service quality, as the five-point Likert scale was used to measure the research variables. The spss program in data analysis, and the researcher was able to reach a set of results, the most important of which was that the process of using artificial intelligence applications in the education sector makes the educational process more rapid, accurate, efficient and high flexibility in communication between the university
and its teaching staff as well as between the teacher and the student, especially in times of crisis he is experiencing Iraq also recommended the need for universities to pay attention to the use of applications Modern technology in the field of education that makes the learner more responsive than the traditional methods used.

The research aims to study the importance of identifying, analyzing and evaluating the identification of training needs in achieving the efficiency and effectiveness of the training process in the Directorate of Public Municipalities,and to demonstrate the availability of the requirements of the scientific method of training by measuring the level of the gap in identifying training needs.
The research problem is determined by the fact that the Directorate of Public Municipalities is a service agency that has direct contact with the citizen's life, and it needs individuals with distinguished knowledge and skills to work for it, as well as the need to improve, develop and develop the capabilities of these individuals working for it, and it has indicated that there is a clear weakness in the study, identification and analysis of needs Actual training.This research was carried out based on the case study methodology as well as the adoption of problem analysis and identification of strengths and weaknesses by obtaining the required information, through personal interviews with specialists in the directorate as well as field experience, and (check lists) of the five-scale scale were used for the purpose of data collection To identify the level of actual application within the research community represented by the training unit and the human resources division in the directorate, and to identify the main and secondary causes of the gap, using the cause-and-effect diagram (Ishikawa diagram), the results of the analysis showed that there is a gap in the training requirements in terms of identifying training needs, and the gap percentage was By matching the checklists in the directorate (67,75%), the real reasons that led to the emergence of this high percentage were analyzed and affected in one way or another the lack of efficiency and effectiveness in the training activity.
A number of conclusions were reached, the most prominent of which was a weakness in the field of identifying and analyzing training needs, determining the levels of performance required, and developing appropriate solutions to address the performance gap. The most prominent recommendations are to adopt the scientific method in identifying and analyzing training needs through (organization analysis, job and tasks analysis, and individual analysis).

The research discusses assessing the quality of service in its dimensions in the Babylon Water Directorate, which is one of the important service organizations in Babylon Governorate, affiliated with the Ministry of Construction, Housing, Works and Public Municipalities, since this organization is concerned with providing basic service and has direct contact with the lives of citizens, and it faces many difficulties and challenges in order to provide the service that occurs. On its shoulders and gaining the satisfaction of the citizens, as the research problem is to know the availability of service quality in the researched organization, and the researcher approved the same number of (150) individuals, representing the research sample from the total community of (230) individuals, represented by the employees in the Babylon Water Directorate, Those who are considered among the citizens covered by the drinking water service, and the questionnaire was adopted as a basic tool for data collection, which included (22) paragraphs, and a ready-made scale was used in preparing the paragraphs of the questionnaire, and after evaluating and testing the reliability and reliability of the study measuring tools, the researcher conducted the data analysis using advanced statistical tools and their analysis Through the statistical program (SPSS V.26), the researcher reached a set of results on which a number of conclusions were formulated, and the research was concluded with a set of Recommendations for the organization being researched to improve the quality of service provided to citizens.

The research aims to identify the obstacles facing the Diwaniyah Water Directorate in producing And distribution drinking water using quality tools and thus improving the services provided by it. The case study method was used to study the reality of the work of the Diwaniyah Water Directorate, the first responsible for supplying potable water to the citizens of Qadisiyah Governorate, Data were collected through the survey questionnaire, personal interviews, records and documents, personal observation. Check lists were used in the stages of potable water production and distribution, which are (raw water source and filtering project, the main water tanker stage, the branch line stage) For water, and finally the administration) which works on studying the existing problems in depth and improving the quality of the production process, identifying the strengths and weaknesses of each of the above mentioned stag.The research reached the possibility of applying quality tools, including the checklist in addressing problems and finding solutions to them in the research sample (Diwaniyah Water Directorate), where it was found that the gap arrangement for the four main areas is (55%) in the field of raw water source and the filtering project, and (47%) In the field of the main water carrier lines, (44%) in the field of branch lines, and lastly (28%) in the field of administration, and that the gap rate for the four fields is (44%) and is considered an indicator of low quality in the work of the Diwaniyah Water Directorate. Among the most important recommendations is the need to adopt quality management in the work of the Diwaniyah Water Directorate and checklists to reach the required quality and coordinate with the Ministry of Water Resources to ensure the release of the sufficient water quota for the operation of water projects in the governorate and to coordinate with the Ministry of Electricity with the need to supply the project with electric current continuously without interruptions and work by the Directorate Diwaniyah water to pay attention to generators, provide fuel and oils in the event of power outages, develop emergency plans in the event of power outages, especially during peak times of use in the summer season, adopt proactive maintenance at work, provide modern operating mechanisms in the work of projects, main and subsidiary networks of water, and lay iron networks to prevent The arrival of the shinplan plant to the raw drawing stations and the elimination of violations on drinking water conveyance networks.

The current research aims to know the role of the application of lean management in improving service quality in the Mahawil Municipality Directorate of the Babil Municipalities Directorate. The research included studying the relationship and influence between lean management and service quality. Two main hypotheses emerged from the research in addition to eleven other sub hypotheses. The questionnaire was mainly relied upon as a main tool in order to obtain the required and necessary data and information. The questionnaire is based on an intended random sample consisting of (66) members of workers in the Mahaweel Municipality Directorate (the research community). And by using the statistical program (SPSS) for the purpose of analyzing the collected data, and through this program, a set of information (percentage - arithmetic mean - coefficient of variation - standard deviation - simple linear correlation coefficient of Pearson - simple linear regression) of the research variables was obtained. The two researchers reached a number of results, the most important of which is that the statistical results of all relationships (correlation and influence) between the tools of lean management and the dimensions of service quality of the Mahaweel Municipality Directorate were strong, high and with moral connotations, and the research was concluded with a good set of recommendations that it is hoped will be applied In the future in the researched community (Mahaweel Municipality Directorate), the most prominent of which was the interest in the concept of lean management for the purpose of increasing awareness and knowledge of workers in the Mahaweel Municipality Directorate with the concept of lean management.

The research aims to study social construction by defining its social coordination and explaining its role and contribution in marketing the tourism phenomenon in societyIn order to reach this, a questionnaire was designed and approved to collect data that included two main parts, the first related to social construction that includes (13) paragraphs, and the second relates to marketing the tourism phenomenon that includes (12) paragraphs. Baghdad, and after processing and analyzing that data with various statistical tools and methods within the program (spss)The research reached several results, the most important of which is that social coordination plays an important role and impact, but in a relative manner in its contribution to socializing the tourism phenomenon socially. Tourist phenomenon.

The concept of investing in smart cities is linked to an economic, social, cultural, and environmental vision, the primary goal of which may be to optimize the use of available resources, reduce pollution to conserve the environment, use renewable resources, and limit the use of depleted resources Qatar’s experience in investing in smart cities is considered one of the leading Arab experiences in this field. The availability of infrastructure and a favorable investment environment had a role in its success, so we tried through this research to indicate the strengths of this experience and the possibility of Iraq to benefit from them in the future in producing or creating that the cities The most prominent results that the researcher reached were that, there are many ingredients that contributed to the success of the experience of the State of Qatar, one of the most important is the quality of an integrated infrastructure and a suitable investment environment, and that Iraq can benefit from that experience in the event of setting up the necessary requirements to establish or produce these cities with the need to seek expertise. The leading Arab and foreign in this field
*بحث مستل
**جامعة القادسية – كلية

Banking governance and supervision received attention after 2004, to meet the requirements of change, and it came in line with what is required by this stage, as it had the role of financial banks that stabilized the general index of the Iraq Stock Exchange, and this is due to the work of governance, which included: - The supervisory framework for banks, which it practiced The Securities Commission, and work to increase disclosure through websites. The results of the analysis also showed for the aggregate financial indicators and ratios, and by using a full-fledged model for Islamic and conventional banks, the evaluation was on average good for both types. The financial strength of the banks is due to the banks ’compliance with Governance Law No. 21 of 1997 as amended and understood by the corporate management, and the absence of a conflict between the management and the owners of capital, and a negative impact on the market.
One of the most important recommendations is the banks ’adoption of several tools and mathematical methods, whether to measure the efficiency of financial performance or to identify the level of failure that banks may be exposed to, as this makes the bank certain of knowing its as a complete model. In order to raise the efficiency of the listed companies, the Central Bank shall seek to organize intensive training courses in the field of advanced quantitative methods.

This research aims to demonstrate the impact of human resource management practices based on commitment in achieving high-performance requirements through the mediating role of perceived organizational support for a sample of Iraqi private universities in the Middle Euphrates region. Accordingly, the current research hypothesis model consisted of three main aspects, the first of which represents the commitment-based human resource management practices (CHMR) variable (selection practices, compensation, training and development). The second variable represents the perceived regulatory support (POS) (one-dimensional). As for the third, it represents the adopted variable, which is the requirements for high-performance(HPR)in its five dimensions (continuous improvement, openness and effective orientation, management quality, employee quality, long-term orientation). The research data was collected from (13) universities and private colleges in the Middle Euphrates region, to be a tool for measuring the questionnaire according to prepared and adapted measures. The procedures for distributing the questionnaire were to a sample of the teaching staff, which amounted to (377) retrieved forms. By using statistical methods, Factor Analysis, Descriptive Statistical Analysis, using statistical programs such as (SPSS V.24), (AMOS V.24).The results of the research concluded that commitment-based HRM practices have a positive impact on high-performance requirements through perceived organizational support.

The current study included determining the relationship between one of the information technology components represented by (software components) and the electronic supply chain activities represented by (project resource planning system, electronic procurement, material needs planning system, electronic marketing, customer relationship management) based on a set of assumptions that It states that the software components are related to the affect these activities. The study was applied to the Union Food Industries Company / Babil / Iraq, where the questionnaire form was used as a main tool for data collection, as the study sample reached (278) working individuals, and in order to extract the required results, the statistical package was used. (SPSS.V.25 & AMOS.V.25). The correlation and effect tests were used to verify the study hypotheses. The results of the statistical analysis supported the hypotheses of the study and showed the existence of a correlation and influence of the software components dimension on the electronic supply chain activities.

The tagged research (analysis of the interrelationship between financial market indicators and the rate of economic growth in the United States of America) dealt with the theoretical aspects that reflect that relationship, as well as an analysis of the reality of the American economy and the location of financial markets in it, and the repercussions of financial crises on those markets, as well as study and analysis American capital markets and their relationship with economic growth, and the research concluded that there are interrelationships between financial market indicators and economic growth, and that financial markets have a major role in achieving financial surpluses that can contribute to increasing economic growth in the United States of America by increasing the volume of portfolio investment. (stocks, bonds) The development of financial markets in the United States of America reflects the impact of those markets on the recovery of the economic situation, especially since the official indicators of these markets are doing this, and that interest rates play a major role in supporting that relationship, as well as scientific and technological progress and openness to the outside world.

The health sector has recently witnessed great interest at all levels, as the issue of quality of the health service has become an increasingly global concern in the pursuit of hospital institutions to provide their health services with high quality to achieve the maximum possible satisfaction for the patient. This research aims to study the reality of the quality of health services in the public hospital in Al-Aqsa Health Center for Primary Care and its relationship to patient satisfaction, where the research relied on the independent variable, the quality of health services, including dimensions (technical ability, ease of access to services, effectiveness, relationship between individuals, continuity) and the dependent variable, Customer satisfaction While this study was able to reach that the patient is satisfied with the services provided at the Al-Aqsa Health Center, he is not satisfied with the concrete dimension, which requires the development of health services commensurate with the needs of patients, by keeping pace with technological development
by improving the aspect of the physical dimension .

Governmental organizations work to achieve a major goal, which is to reaching the general satisfaction of society by the services that provided and in order to achieve this goal, the matter requires solidarity, coordination and alignment among state institutions in order to achieve the public policies that the state aims to achieve them ,that is saturates society needs, to achieve the aims by good way and according to the future vision, the state needs to achieve alignment within each organization too, in order to achieve these goals in all of its institutions, whether service or production.
On this basis, the researcher tried to identify how to achieve alignment within the Babil Health Department by following different methodologies, identifying the formal and informal aspects that are required to coordinate and align with each other, and know their impact on succession planning, in this paper we will study the following paragraphs: defining the concept of organizational alignment and planning The succession and importance of each of them, its dimensions, stages, and some models adopted by some writers and researchers.