AL-Qadisiyah Journal For Administrative and Economic sciences

In summary, the human resources management strategy is one of the central components of the business strategy. Today, people have become the source of competitive advantage for the organization. They are the new capitalists within the framework of the knowledge economy. The organization's strategy is built on the cognitive and strategic capabilities that these people possess, leading to a sustainable competitive advantage. According to this perspective, the strategy is a knowledge product through which the strategy makers and implementers are viewed as the same. This is in line with the modern approach to strategy building, known as the (Down-Up) approach, in which the customer's vision is dissolved into the vision of knowledge makers. Based on this description, this research paper came to shed light on the contemporary intellectual and philosophical foundations of the new roles of the human resources management strategy. Organizations have been claiming a lot about liberation from the constraints of the traditional human resources strategy, keeping the philosophy of high performance work in mind to find ways to integrate work with knowledge, which contributed to the generation of the knowledge product.

The research seeks to analyze practical indicators to improve the performance of operations based on the study of competitive priorities (cost, quality, delivery, and flexibility). The liquid battery production plant (Babylon/1) was chosen to diagnose the reality of the production process and the real relationships between performance indicators in order to reach a set of recommendations that contribute to the growth and development of the performance of operations of the researched plant.

The current research aims to investigate the relationship between the characteristics of learning organizations and their readiness for change. Through reviewing the literature on learning organizations, which seems to give the organization a competitive advantage in its high readiness for change in the economic business environment. The private higher education service in Iraq was selected for this study. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between the readiness of the organization for change and the characteristics of the learning organization in social values, leadership commitment and commitment, empowerment, communication, knowledge transfer, employee characteristics, and growth and development of performance. This study investigates whether the characteristics of the learning organization are related to the readiness of the organization for change in finding out whether there is a comparison between private education colleges where the service is provided and suggests that it is necessary for organizations to develop into learning organizations in order to survive and achieve success in the competitive business environment and in change.

The study examines the extent of the relationship between work pressures that employees in government banks are exposed to and the resulting psychological and physical effects. A sample of 100 employees in government banks in the city of Diwaniyah * of both sexes was taken and a questionnaire was distributed to them, 60% of whom were women and 40% of whom were men, taking into consideration that most of the employees in the banks are women. After entering the data into the statistical program SPSS, the discriminant analysis method was used, which is a multivariate statistical method for the purpose of sorting the variables and factors that affect employees in banks as a result of work pressure and knowing the extent of the relationship between work pressure and the resulting psychological and physical effects. Two basic hypotheses were formulated to clarify the extent of the relationship between work pressures and the psychological effects as well as the resulting physical effects. Two groups of employees were drawn, the first group representing the employees who had less work pressure and the other group representing more variables that represent the psychological and physical effects consistent with the study hypotheses. Based on these results, recommendations were made that emphasized the need for bank managements to improve working conditions and raise the qualifications and capabilities of employees in order to reduce the effects of work pressures on them.

The current research focuses on the impact of intellectual capital on the competitive advantage of organizations, based on the point of view of (Edvinsson: 97 & Stewart: 99) regarding intellectual capital. And the point of view of (Macmillan; &Tampoo.2000) regarding competitive advantage. In the researcher's quest to achieve the research objectives, a questionnaire was prepared and distributed to the senior management team in the General Company for Mechanical Industries. The statistical analysis process was conducted based on the arithmetic mean, standard deviation, and correlation coefficient to prove the validity of the hypothesis. The results showed the validity of the main and sub-hypotheses and the formulation of a set of conclusions regarding them, perhaps the most prominent of which is that the company under study has all the necessary elements to achieve a competitive advantage.

The research aims to clarify the impact of leadership styles on creativity requirements from the point of view of subordinates / a field study on a sample of colleges of Al-Qadisiyah University. The research came with four main hypotheses and sixteen sub-hypotheses related to the variables of each of the leadership styles and creativity requirements. In order to achieve the research objectives and test its hypotheses, the questionnaire form was relied upon in collecting data as a basic tool if a five-point scale was used to measure the leadership style and all forms were subjected to statistical analysis using the SPSS system on the computer. The results of the study were not consistent with all the main and sub-hypotheses except for the third hypothesis. The researcher reached a number of conclusions, the most important of which is the existence of a significant effect of the leadership style oriented towards work / workers on all creativity requirements and presented a number of recommendations.

Organizations of all kinds have been employing modern administrative ideas in their various activities in order to improve their effectiveness and efficiency. Since the beginning of the nineties of the last century, two terms have emerged that are becoming increasingly important with time, namely the learning organization and entrepreneurial management. Therefore, the research aims to study them and the possibility of employing them in Iraqi public organizations. The questionnaire was a tool for collecting information, as it was distributed to a sample of (40) people working in the General Company for Electrical Industries. We were able to reach the results of the research, which are represented by the existence of a weakness in the level of the dimensions of the learning organization and entrepreneurial management in the company under study. The educational climate is also characterized by negativity, with weakness in entrepreneurship requirements and the existence of significant differences between the answers of senior management and employees in each of the dimensions of the learning organization and entrepreneurial management.

Monetary policy is one of the basic policies for achieving economic stability in any country in the world. The nature of the use of this policy varies from one country to another, and its purposes also vary according to the circumstances of each country. There are many purposes of monetary policy that vary according to the economies of countries. Some countries direct their monetary policy to address inflation, and thus stabilize prices. Others direct their policy towards achieving economic growth, achieving high levels of employment, stabilizing financial markets and currency exchange markets, and other goals.... etc. The purposes of monetary policy may overlap at times, and conflict at other times, which requires coordination between them in order to achieve the goals of the macroeconomy and economic development.

Economists agree that economics is the science of scarcity of economic resources, and for the purpose of optimal specialization of those resources in the Iraqi economy, it is necessary to achieve the goals of economic and social reform policies through the use of a (package) of harmonious and consistent macroeconomic policies that can be employed in formulating the correct path for the Iraqi economy and its overall variables towards the direction that raises its economic capacity and to be more capable of facing the challenges resulting from integration and participation in the movement of the globalized economy. In this context, there must be a fundamental change in the function of the state and comprehensive government administration from the framework of providing non-essential services that burden the general budget through (traditional) monetary deficit policies towards a framework of functions that focus on organization, agile management, performance efficiency, economic accounting, oversight and reform of public sector companies, and reform of administrative systems and functions. In this regard, the role and participation of the private sector can be enhanced, the role of the financial and banking system can be strengthened, and governance institutions can be supported and strengthened (the principle of separation of powers, support for basic freedoms, spreading democracy, enhancing the role of women, protecting human rights, ...), in addition to developing human resources, liberalizing foreign trade, and stimulating the flow of foreign direct investment (FDI) to commodity production sectors and activities, as well as reforming the pricing system, creating job opportunities, supporting social protection networks, managing oil revenues, building a technological and information base (knowledge economy), a system for national creativity, developing research and development facilities, and emphasizing the establishment of joint projects between national and foreign capital, in addition to developing and supporting small and medium enterprises and creating mergers between them that work to strengthen their competitiveness with foreign companies. The research is based on the hypothesis that: Adopting a package of macroeconomic reform policies in Iraq would help raise the rate of economic growth, achieve economic stability, and alleviate the problems of rising prices and the exacerbation of the phenomenon of structural unemployment.

The research aims to test the extent of the impact of financial allocations for training through its components (training expenses and rewards) in increasing the efficiency of financial performance and through the measures of profitability and return on investment.
The research was conducted in the field in the General Company for Southern Oil on a sample of (50) individuals from managers, technicians, administrators, and executives and holders of bachelor's, master's, and doctoral degrees.
The researcher adopted a hypothesis stating that there is a significant relationship and effect between training allocations and financial performance, and the research relied on the questionnaire form according to the five-point Likert scales.
The most prominent conclusions reached by the study are the interest of the sample members and their clear support for the measures of training allocations and financial performance.

Investing in securities requires sufficient attention to how to employ its financial resources in a way that leads to achieving the goals of investors and users of these resources on the one hand, and the stability and development of the country's economy on the other hand. The employment of these resources depends on many financial standards, and the net income values ​​disclosed by companies in their financial statements are among the basics of those standards that guide investment in securities. It also constitutes the measure that takes the widest scope when evaluating the company's performance, whether this evaluation is at the internal level of the company or at its external level. Since the value of net income remains subject to change and fluctuation from one year to another, and according to various factors, company managements seek to manipulate accounting methods and disclosure methods; in order to show the company's financial performance in a natural and stable manner that does not raise bad impressions and concerns among all parties about the company's financial position. From this standpoint, this research will address the return on the share in its various concepts, and the risk of these shares in Jordanian public shareholding companies operating in the banking sector.

There are some assumptions that must be available in random variables in order to use parametric methods in estimating the discriminant function. One of these assumptions is that the distribution of these variables is a normal distribution, but this assumption may not be achieved, which requires searching for alternative methods to estimate the function. One of these methods is the nonparametric estimation method called Kernel estimation or Kernel method, which depends on the data to obtain an estimate of the function, which avoids us going through the estimation of the parameters of the discriminant function. In this research, the Kernel method was used for three functions: Epanchinicove, Gaussion, and Sin, and the results were compared with the traditional parametric method, depending on the sources of classification error in the discriminant function.