The Arab Gulf

Abstract:
Muhammad Hussein Alzaghir is a contemporary Iraqi researcher, thinker, critic, and a rhetorician who has worked as a university senior lecturer in Iraq. He has publications and researches in exegesis, rhetoric, and criticism. He has a modern approach in tackling the classical Arabic rhetoric studies especially the Quranic metaphor and its relation to Arab eloquence techniques, the study of semantics and the way to remove the grammatical features associated with it. Al-Saghir stresses that the modern approach should be used to study metaphor without citing examples which strip it off its artistic value especially the Qur'anic metaphor and its connection to the psychological aspect; as for semantics, alSaghir connects it to rhetoric by stripping it off grammatical features and focuses only on the aesthetic effects. al-Saghir adopts this approach to study Arabic rhetoric to make it a means of aesthetic and taste not a teaching method that researchers avoid. Therefore, in this study, the researchers try to investigate Dr. al-Saghir's ideas in this field to introduce them to other researchers and students.

Abstract:
The linguistic structure includes the narration that stated in Musbah al-Anwar Book, written by Abdullah Shubbar. It involves contradicted references placed under correspondence, inconsistency and equivalence. In this study I tried to clarify this in three sections, preceded by introduction and preamble seeking to disclose the title terminology. The first section deals with inconsistency in correspondence semantics, the second section focuses on inconsistency in punctual semantics, and third one is devoted to an advent of inconsistency in implied semantics. The study has concluded with results and a list of references.

Abstract:
Analogy can be considered as one of the most common types of rhetorical inference, and it is a guide in and of itself, with the goal of determining a meaning for a meaning. It was a necessary part of their knowledge that they dealt with, so they invented the expression on its basis to distinguish the correct speech from the weak, and Al-Jarjani referred to it as a mental issue that he relied on to reach the provisions of the statement in the issue of explaining the reason for the Qur'anic miracles, and that is by confronting those who reject the adoption of poetry as evidence of the miraculous, leading to its cause, as the issue of miracles had a logical cause. As a result, they were pushed into the realm of interpretation, which is founded on logic and reason. Speech or not, and how one stands on it is a matter of both senses and logic. Our aim for this study is to employ the analogy according to Al- jarjani in his rhetorical lesson and to elucidate it in the integrated form that was offered to him, which became the basis for rhetoricians later.

Abstract:
The manifestations of Iraqi civilization started in Andalusia since the days of Prince Abdul-Rahman Al-Awsat (206-238 AH/821-852AD). His reign witnessed a cultural transmition between Iraq and Andalusia. The prince left the policy of isolation with Iraq followed by the previous Umayyad princes. And, he opened the gates of Andalusia to Iraqi civilization. So, he imitated the Abbasid caliphs in their appearance and clothes and in concealing himself from the people in order to earn the signs of power and prestige. He was influenced by the cultural prosperity Baghdad was famous for. Thus, the people of Andalusia cope with the cultural development by adaptation, imitation and simulation. The Andalusian society turned into an organized civil society with a charming appearance, in which the immigrant Iraqi traditions were mixed with the Andalusian prevailing traditions. And an authentic Andalusian character emerged, which led to the emergence of luxury and welfare in Andalusian society.

Abstract:
After the 1991 events and their separation from the central government in Baghdad, the Kurdish parties waged a struggle between them for control of important sites in northern Iraq after the uprising that occurred after the Second Gulf War in 1990 and the defeat of the Iraqi government, which had become weak and unable to regain the areas of northern Iraq after the imposition of forces. The US-led International Coalition of Safe Zones in Northern Iraq has encouraged the main Kurdish parties to seize important areas in northern Iraq, Erbil, Sulaymaniyah and Dohuk.

Abstract:
The present paper sheds light on the civilizational role of the Arabs especially the Sabaean Arabs in Abyssinia (Ethiopia) in which the importance of the geographical location of Ethiopia, the natural features and other factors were the main reason for the migration of some of Sabaean Arabs who settled and integrated with the original inhabitants. They made an ancient civilization that left its clear imprint on both peoples and history. The importance of this topic lies in its contribution to solve the problems that led to a controversy between historians and those who were concerned with the multiple lineages of the Sabaeans in the Torah, especially some of them who came from the sons of Kush, while the Sabaeans, as we know, came from Arabic origin. The current paper deals with several important topics, including the importance of the location of Ethiopia, the historical roots of the civilizational relations between Ethiopia and the Sabaeans, the Sabaeans' settlement in Ethiopia, and then the results of these ancient relations between the two parties.

The aim of the current study is to measure the Verbal expression of pain among a sample of patients with Corona virus Covid-19 in Basra Governorate, with (65) infected and infected, and to calculate the difference between the sexes in their use of sensory and emotional expressions.(QDSA ) Saint-Antoine to measure the Verbal sensory and emotional expressions of pain, which was adopted by Suqur (2008). The results of the current research confirmed that people infected with Corona virus use a variety of vocabulary to describe their pain, and there are differences and similarities in the expressions used, including sensory and emotional, for Verbal expression of pain among the infected and for both sexes. The results proved that there is a difference between the sexes in their use of the chosen emotional and sensory Verbal expressions, where the percentage of sensory expressions was higher than emotional expressions in describing the severity of pain and in favor of females.

Abstract :
The study of temporal dimensions can be considered as one of the fields of geomedical research. This paper focuses on the temporal dimensions of people with respiratory diseases. This disease is the most widespread among the residents of the Basra Governorate. According to statistics from the Basra Governorate Health Department, the diseases under study, with the exception of lung cancer, adopt a similar pattern in their annual temporal behavior, whether in general trends or in changes from year to year, and this pattern is explained by factors that can be classified as direct and indirect factors. Based on the relevance of these elements in the impact, as well as some indices from which these factors can be deduced, such as population growth, disease incidence, and indoor air quality (IAQ). In terms of seasonal changes and disease trends throughout the year, there is a distinct seasonal tendency in patients with respiratory sensitivity and bronchial asthma, with injuries beginning in the autumn season, continuing into the winter, and decreasing in the summer season. The monthly distribution of tuberculosis shows a seasonal trend that increases in the spring and summer and diminishes in the autumn. Because of the disease's complicated character and various causes, as well as a collection of local environmental elements that play a part in explaining the seasonal temporal patterns that do not follow a similar pattern, lung cancer does not have an unique seasonal trend in which it occurs.

Abstract:
The Marine navigation tracks of Khor Abdullah at the present time are one of the most important pillars in the economic and commercial movement of the country, as it is an inexhaustible tributary of the financial returns that are generated in the state treasury, because it represents an effective economic sector in the service of foreign international trade as it is the link with the rest of the world countries, and even became as an ambassador for maritime states with the rest of the countries that are located on the seas and oceans .It is the carrier of various economic and commercial products to all countries of the world, and it is the direct feeding artery to meet the needs of the country of economic and commercial goods. Therefore, (90%) of the marine navigation track of Khor Abdullah is through it, without it, the Iraqi society would have suffered from a severe shortage of commodities and various goods.

Abstract:
The emergence of nuclear programmes and technology is seen as a pivotal point in not only the Islamic Republic of Iran but also in the world.State military force, both conventional and unconventional, is critical to sustaining international balance, sovereignty, and political stability. The objective of this study was to determine the role of successive Iranian governments in managing the nuclear file and the agreements arrived with European countries and the United States of America, as well as their impact on Iran's relations with the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the Middle East, and the rest of the world, as the goal of country shifted from peaceful to military purposes. The study draws to a number of findings, the most important of which is that the nuclear file poses a threat to neighboring Gulf countries, prompting them to take escalatory measures such as completing a peaceful nuclear program that will be converted to a military programme if necessary in the future, similar to what the world's nuclear states have done, or forging alliances an overt nuclear strategy to prepare a nuclear power to secure a strategic shield against the Islamic Republic.

Abstract:
This study was conducted to recognize and explai the variation in some physical and chemical properties of soils, banks and river basins in Abi Al-Khasib District (Basra Governorate). (28) samples were collected in order to achieve this aim. After the field survey has been done, the coordinates of those samples were determined using GPS and placed on the map of the study area to produce maps of spatial variation and spatial analysis, and then the samples were sent to the laboratories of the College of Marine Sciences at University of Basra. Volumetric study of soil separations revealed that silt particles predominated on river banks, whereas clay particles predominated in basin soils, with averages of (49.42 - 64.77 %) and (49.42 - 64.77 %) respectively. In comparison to the standard, the results revealed a high bulk density value. Due to the low amount of organic substance in it, the true density fluctuated in height. The results also revealed that owing to the kind of tissue and the presence of organic debris, there is a minor variation in the porosity values of the sites and the guarded depth. The chemical analysis showed a decline in soil organic matter content and occurrence within the soils category and organic habit category in the Iraqi standard, with an average of (4.58-4.32 g/kg) for banks and ponds soils, respectively. In terms of PH interaction degree values, the study area was classified as simple basal to medium or neutral basal. With the height of the basin trail, all of the sites were between the types of high salinity and very high salinity in terms of soil salinity.

Abstract:
This paper focuses on the study of Kut Dam system and accompanying projects in regulating the water flow of the Tigris River in southern Iraq is included in the research, as 90 % of the water of the Tigris River revenue was changed into marshes and swamps. The Kut Dam was built for ensuring the flow of the Tigris River in accordance with irrigation requirements through the building of stream regulators branching from Kut Dam, Al-Amarah, and Qal'at Salih ( Salih's castle) to manage the expenditures of the streams in times of flood and scarcity.

Abstract:
The industrial development is considered one of the most important influential and fastest factors in the growth sector compared to other economic activities involved in the development of the growth status of the region that is why the potentials of Muthana province has have been brought into light and emphasized their role in the industrial development. This study area has a lot of potentials like its geographic location in the south of the country & the large surface area (51740 km2, as well as human resources that reached (967862) people in 2020, along with the presence of a variety of important economic potentials all were a true reflection of the natural and human potentials like different raw materials, man power, markets & road networks .....etc. Based on all of the above, it has been concluded that Muthana province has a lot of raw materials & human power that enable the province to make a variety of industrial investments that in turn build a strong industrial platform contributing heavily to the development of industrial growth.

Abstract:
The tomato crop (Lycopersicon esculentum) is one of the vegetable crops in the Solanaceae family, and it is the most widely cultivated in the study area. It requires a lot of irrigation during its growth stages to get the best productivity, and the number of irrigation times varies depending on the nature of the soil, which is sandy and has a high water table. The temperature in the region varies significantly from one season to the next and even within the same season. As a result, in the fluctuation in crop water values and the average number of irrigations for the tomato crop from one season to the next, as well as between growth stages and within the same stage. (53 Ray) is necessary to deliver this unit properly.

Abstract:
The importance of the role of vocational education stems from its being one of the foundations of human development. This paper aims at creating and providing what the labor market needs from trained manpower for industrial establishments in which industry is the basic factor for the economic structure which sets out and enhances the development processes in all sides of life. This study shows that the work force is affected by education, experiences, skills and the desire to work, as there is a relationship between the technical and administrative cadres in the Basra Oil Company and the outputs of vocational schools as they form an integrated unit to drive the rates of productive growth in this company. The outputs of vocational schools have the ability to assimilate ideas that are based on preparing manpower capable of using modern technology in oil facilities in the Basra Governorate, for the purpose of creating cadres capable of increasing productivity in the company in which these cadres have achieved high rates of production growth and productivity.

Abstract:
The research aims to know the reality of primary education services in Al-Deir district for the academic year (2019-2020) and their spatial distribution and functional efficiency in relation to the size of the population according to local standards. The primary level at the neighborhood level is unfair and unplanned compared to the number of residents for each neighborhood, while the second aspect dealt with the efficiency of those institutions and services that they provide for students according to the indicators. It was noted in general that the school and division rates of students are more than the specified standard, and the reality of primary education suffers from a deficit in the lack of schools and the increase in the number of students in the division leads to a failure to deliver the educational material to the student well.

Abstract:
Science is a type of mental activity that is carried out by experts. It adopts a non-personal identity. What is meant by impersonal character is that the conclusion of the world becomes the property of all humans right away. They have a lot of academics and researchers on their hands, especially because many of them have advanced scientific degrees and have held high-ranking administrative posts. As a result, the study's goal was to identify a singular Iraqi figure who, through his efforts and distinguished geographical outputs in numerous specializations of geography, is a brilliant sign in the history of current geography. Professor Dr. Basem Abdul Aziz Omar Al-Othman is one of the most prominent professors in the science of modern and contemporary geography, and the study's significance lies in shedding light on this character's thought and philosophy, as the fields of his geographical productions are numerous and varied in their features and directions, in order to familiarize academic circles with his scientific personality and contribution to the development of the discipline.