Tikrit Journal for Agricultural Sciences

This experiment was carried out during the period between February 20th and October 1st, 2016 in the Lath house at Nursery of the college of Agricultural Siences/ University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani city with an altitude of 748 meter above mean sea level, to find out the effect of cutting type (basal, intermediate and apical cuttings) and plant growth regulator (Seradix 3) on the improvement of rooting of cuttings, vegetative and root growth characteristics of Paulownia tomentosa, using a factorial experiment in a randomized block design (RCBD) in three replications, the means were compared according to Duncan’s multiple range test (P≤0.05). The data revealed that significant effect of cutting type and growth regulator on most of studied growth characters. The basal cutting has been superior significantly on the intermediate and apical cuttings, giving the highest results for; survival percentage 48.52%, length of sapling 17.05 cm, stem diameter 2.77 mm, fresh weight of shoot system 24.20 g, dry weight of shoot system 11.32 g, number of lateral roots/sapling 10.28, root length 22.01 mm, fresh weight of root system 15.77 g, dry weight of root system 5.11 g. Whereas intermediate cutting gave the significant highest result in the number of branches/sapling 2.00 and number of leaves/sapling 9.50. From the results, use of Seradix 3, significantly gave the highest value of studied characters; survival percentage 42.79%, length of sapling 14.43 cm, number of branches/sapling 2.33, number of leaves/sapling 10.11, fresh weight of shoot system 19.26 g, dry weight of shoot system 8.82 g, number of lateral roots/sapling 8.50, root length 19.33 cm, fresh weight of root system 13.80 g, dry weight of root system 3.68 g. So interaction of basal cuttings with auxin application significantly gave the best result for most of studied characters.

The study was conducted to investigate the physiological effect of organic stimulators on some characters and growth parameters of yellow corn (Zea mays L.). The study was included filed experiments of two concentration of seed inoculation with gibberellic acid, (zero and 300 mg.liter-1) as well as four types of organic stimulators: (zero, sheep manure 8 ton.ha-1, humic acid 4 ton.ha-1, the extracts of sea herbs 1Kg.ha-1) and two concentration of, Amino acid (zero and 5 ml.liter-1) on the growth parameters and of yellow corn (Zea mays L.). In this study, two filed experiments were conducted at two locations, Spring season 2015 The first experiment was conducted in Al-alam city, 15 Km north of Tikrit. The second experiment was in Shwan nursery, of Kirkuk agriculture directorate, in Kirkuk. The Randomized Complete Block Design by factorial experiment with three replications, Was used in the experiment. The Results demonstrate that gibberellin, of 300 mg.liter-1 concentration, exceeds control treatment in the characters of No. of leaves, leaves dry weight in Al-alam and Kirkuk respectively, plant dry weight, leaves percentage, duration of producing the dry matter, yield growth rate, and net photosynthesis in both locations. Amino acids had significant effect on the characters of leaves dry weight in Al-alam. The bilateral interaction of ((gibberellin, of 300 mg.liter-1 concentration, and organic fertilization using 8 ton.ha-1 sheep manure) and (organic fertilization using 8ton.ha-1 sheep manure and Amino acids, of (5ml.liter-1 water) concentration), with the tripartite interaction of ((gibberellin, of 300 mg.liter-1 concentration), and (organic fertilization using 8 ton.ha-1 sheep manure), and (Amino acids, of (5ml.liter-1 water) concentration)), both caused significant effect as all studied characters exceeded the control treatment. The interaction between gibberellin, of 300mg.liter-1 concentration, and Amino acids, of 5ml.liter-1 concentration, had significant effect as the characters of No. of leaves and leaves dry weight exceeded the control treatment in both locations; and as the characters of plant dry weight, leaves percentage, duration of producing the dry matter, yield growth rate, and net photosynthesis rate exceeded the control treatment in Kirkuk.

A laboratory and field experiments subsequently were conducted in order to investigate the effects of molybdenum in some physiological and anatomical traits in wheat. Four treatments of seed priming were used in lab experiment (0, 20, 40 mg Mo L-1 and hydro-priming with H2O) and laid out in CRD with four replications, whereas in the field experiment, three treatments of molybdenum were used as seed priming (0, 20, 40 mg Mo L-1) and as foliar application (20, 40 mg Mo L-1 and spraying with water) and laid out as factorial in RCBD with three replications. Results showed that the concentration 40 mg Mo L-1 was significantly superior as seed primer in length and fresh and dry weight of radical and coleoptile, coefficient of germination velocity and number of spikes in square meter, as well as in number of grain per spike and fertility ratio as foliar application. Anatomically the treatments were significantly differed in leaf anatomy. The concentration 40 mg Mo L-1 showed that the leaf was slightly wrapped and the upper and lower epidermis cell were larger and not organized while chlorenchyma cells were smaller and also not organized. It can be concluded that the use of molybdenum is very useful in wheat as seed primer or foliar application and it can be recommended to use it in higher concentration in different growth stages in wheat.

نفذت تجربة حقلية في محطة أبحاث قسم المحاصيل الحقلية /كلية الزراعة / جامعة تكريت في العروة الخريفية للموسم الزراعي 2013 لدراسة تأثير نوعين من مبيدات الأدغال هما المبيدCamix بثلاثة تراكيز (3،2و5)لتر.هكتار-1 والمبيد Perfect بثلاث تراكيز (50،30و70)غم.هكتار-1 على الحاصل ومكوناته لمحصول الذرة الصفراء الصنف الأسباني (Cadiz ) والأدغال المرافقة له ، طبقت التجربة وفق تصميم القطاعات العشوائية الكاملة (R.C.B.D.)في ثلاث مكررات أوضحت نتائج البحث تأثير معنوي في أزالة تامة للأدغال في معاملة المبيد Perfect بتركيز (70)غم.هكتار-1 للأدغال العريضة والرفيعة الأوراق وفي تحقيق أعلى نسبة مكافحة للأدغال المذكورة ، تفوق معاملة المبيد Camix 560 ec في تسجيل أكبر قيمة بتركيز (5)لتر.هكتار-1 في صفة المساحة الورقية ودليل المساحة الورقية وأرتفاع النبات ووزن 500 حبة . وسجلت معاملة المبيد Perfect أعلى قيمة في صفات عدد العرانيص . نبات _1 عدد الحبوب في صف _1 وعدد الصفوف عرنوص _1 والحاصل الكلي .

Cyclotrichium straussii (Bornm.) species of Lamiaceae recorded for first time of Iraqi flora in Qupy Qaradagh (Su District) in Iraqi Kurdistan, preserved in National Herbarium of Iraq (Baghdad) as (58917 herbarium number). The general and micro morphology, pollen grain and anatomical were studied. According to the taxonomic references detail study for the morphology. Pollen grains are Polyporate (hexporate), anatomical study investigated the different tissue systems of shoot parts and noted the uniform indumentum of the epidermis including very long non-glandular trichome 1000-3500 µm and three cells stalked glandular trichome 250-495 µm long, also a few sessile glandular trichome which composed of eight cells glandular head, petiole and midrib of leaves showed flat arc vascular bundles.

Seven pure lines of maize (Zea mays L.) (Agr-183, ZM47W, CML494, IK58, ZP505, ZP670, ZP197)were used in a half Diallel crosses program according to the second Griffing method (1956),in autumn 2014 season ,at the farm field in Tuz /Salahaddin , planted 21 single crosses and parents as well as the check variety (Drachma) on 20 July 2015 by using Randomized Completely Block Design with three replications to study the Genetic distance between parents and crosses for the flowing characters: ( days to 50% male of male and female flowering, plant height(cm), main ear height(cm), leaves no. upper main ear , leaf area surrounding main ear(cm2), no. ears per plant, ear length(cm), ear diameter(cm), no. of rows per ear, no. of grains per row, no. of grains per ear, 300 grain weight(gm), plant yield(gm), and protein and oil content(%).The genotypes ( parents and first filial hybrids and commercial cross )showed significant differences at 1% level probability for all studied traits except no. ears per plant which was significant at 5%level in the parents. Parents (CML494 and ZP505 and ZP670) were superior in four characters. The hybrid (ZM47W × CML494) had been marked superiority in five characters(plant height, main ear height, number of ears per plant, number of leaves over main ear , area of leaf surrounding main ear, ear length, 300 grain weight) compare with the other crosses also (Agr-183 × ZP505) hybrid was remarkably superior in the number of ears per plant, ear length, number of grains per row, plant yield .The crosses (1 × 4) and (1 × 5) and (2 × 4) and (5 × 6) Showed significant hybrid vigor for the most traits studied towards desired direction comparison with the best parents and check variety as interpretation of large genetic distance of their parents that laid in different major and minor groups. The highest genetic distance(22661.37) was between 2and4 parents which would be useful for exploiting hybrid vigor.

Phenolic compounds in the grapes has multi-functional activities including anti-microbial activities. The present study assessed the antibacterial and anti-fungal activity of the locally available red grape which collected from local markets in Erbil city. The phenolic compounds were extracts from Seeds and Peels. Agar well diffusion method was utilized for the antimicrobial activity assessment. The results showed that the highest inhibition zone was observed by peel and Seed extracts against Bacillus cereus which were 13mm and 16mm respectively. In contrast the lowest inhibition zone was obtained from seed and peel extracts against Klebsiella Pneumoniae which were 3mm and 7mm respectively. Also the inhibition zone of peel and Seed for S. typhi were 7mm and 9 respectively. However, the grape extracts showed no inhibitory activity against Candida albicans and Sacchromyces cervisiae. Also the data showed that the highest minimum inhibitory concentration of the peel and seed extracts were against Escherichia coli which were 460 and 225 (mg/ml) respectively. Whereas the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration of the peel and peed extracts were against B. cereus which were 20 and 30 (mg/ml). In conclusion B. cereus seemed to be more sensitive for Peel and Peel extracts. Whereas, P. aeroginose and K. Pneumoniae showed the lowest sensitivity against seed and peel extracts. Furthermore, regarding the minimum inhibitory activity, the data showed that the gram positive bacteria were more sensitive to the seed and peel extracts. But, the fungal species seemed to be resisting the phenolic compounds in peel and seed extracts.

The experiment was done in the station of researches in the directory of agriculture in Kirkuk province. The study dealt with the genetic structures whose source is Ecarda organization for dry agriculture planting the structural classes with the composing genetic structures (2, 5, 7, 8) . The irrigation was with water of contrasting salt using dripping irrigation. The experiment was applied using random sectors design with three reduplications . The traits were studied which were (duration to flowering 50% and the duration of the seed / day plant height / cm is full and leaf area cm2 / plant chlorophyll / spad and the number of pods / plant and the number of seeds / pod and the rate of the weight of the seed / g and holds the seed kg / hectare and biological total kg / hectares and harvest index% and protein%). variance emerged from the results of analysis , the average boxes (genotypes and the quality of irrigation water and the overlap between them) was significant at the level of the probability (5%) and for the traits studied all under study except the trait of number of seeds / pod was not significant in the genotypes prescription rate of the seed / g and a guide weight harvest% trait decade percent and harvest index% efficiency quotient / g / cm 2 were not significant in the overlap between the genotypes and the quality of irrigation water. The results of the study under different irrigation water which has contrasting saltiness to the synthetic product made an upper limit for all the characteristics under study compared with parents involved in it and these findings indicate that the synthetic varieties are more tolerant to the saltiness of the most stable and well adapted to climatic changes.

This study was conducted in two locations, the first location in the This study was conducted in two locations, the first location in the Research Station field crops in the College of Agriculture / University of Tikrit , and the second location in one of the private farms in Samarra area Jabber and the agricultural season 2012 to study the effect of two cut and levels of fertilizer nitrogen in some recipes growth and holds dry leaves ( plant height, number of branches/plant, weight leaves dry, holds Securities arid kg / ha, plant dry weight ) of the basil plant . The experiment included two factors, the first factor of the harvest periods ( the first 40 days after germination and the second after 80 days of germination ), and Group II nitrogen fertilizer levels (0, 50, 100, 150 kg/acre ). Had two cut effects morale for all traits as outperformed period cut the second to give the highest averages for all traits gave the average plant height ( 117.65, 100.83 cm), number of branches/plant
( 21.26, 18.62 branch/plant), the weight of dry leaves ( 16.94, 16.33 g ), holds Securities dry ( 1016.95, 980.20 kg . AH - 1 ), the dry weight of the plant
( 133.03, 124.62 gm ) for my Tikrit and Samarra, respectively . The results showed levels of fertilizer nitrogen to the existence of effects of spirits for some qualities and showed other attributes the lack of significant differences , and despite the lack of moral for some qualities , but the fourth level of fertilization showed superior in all traits as it reached plant height ( 88.85, 78.51 ), Number of branches/plant ( 17.06, 15.16 ), weight of dry Securities
( 14.81, 13.24 ), holds dry leaves ( 888.70, 794.90 ), plant dry weight ( 114.42, 110.16 ) for my Tikrit and Samarra, respectively .
Research Station field crops in the College of Agriculture / University of Tikrit , and the second location in one of the private farms in Samarra area Jabber and the agricultural season 2012 to study the effect of two cut and levels of fertilizer nitrogen in some recipes growth and holds dry leaves ( plant height, number of branches/plant, weight leaves dry, holds Securities arid kg / ha, plant dry weight ) of the basil plant . The experiment included two factors, the first factor of the harvest periods ( the first 40 days after germination and the second after 80 days of germination ), and Group II nitrogen fertilizer levels (0, 50, 100, 150 kg/acre ). Had two cut effects morale for all traits as outperformed period cut the second to give the highest averages for all traits gave the average plant height ( 117.65, 100.83 cm), number of branches/plant
( 21.26, 18.62 branch/plant), the weight of dry leaves ( 16.94, 16.33 g ), holds Securities dry ( 1016.95, 980.20 kg . AH - 1 ), the dry weight of the plant
( 133.03, 124.62 gm ) for my Tikrit and Samarra, respectively . The results showed levels of fertilizer nitrogen to the existence of effects of spirits for some qualities and showed other attributes the lack of significant differences , and despite the lack of moral for some qualities , but the fourth level of fertilization showed superior in all traits as it reached plant height ( 88.85, 78.51 ), Number of branches/plant ( 17.06, 15.16 ), weight of dry Securities
( 14.81, 13.24 ), holds dry leaves ( 888.70, 794.90 ), plant dry weight ( 114.42, 110.16 ) for my Tikrit and Samarra, respectively .

Nine inbred lines of maize were used in this study which were :OH ,ZP- 301,un440 ,Inbreed12 ,zp- 607 ,SH , Ik-58 ,IK-8 , and R-153 ,in tow seasons , the first was in Baigi province with three different dates (15/3 ,21/3 ,and 28/3) in springseason 2014 to aim doing all different crosses, while in the evaluation season was planted the genotypes C parents and the crosses resulted from these parents and the commercial cross in (Moring ) for spring season2015 in shiwan stationg of Kirkuk Agricultural administration by using RCBD with three replicates . the traits which studied were : (number of days to 50% male flowering and female flowering , plant height , main ear height , number of the leaves abure main ear , leaf area of the ear , number of ears , ear length , ear diameter , number of the rows in the ear , number of the grains in the row, number of the grains in the ear , weight of 100 grains and single plant yield ). General combining ability for the parents , specific combining ability for the first filial crosses and some genetic parameters were studied , the genotypes ( parents , first filial crosses and the commercial cross )showed significantly differences at 1% prob. level for all studied traits except ear diameter trait ,and mean sjuares of interaction between the lines and the testers was significant at 1% prob .levelfor an all the traits except number of the kernels in the ear which was significant at 5% prop .level , and did not reached significant level for number of the leaves abore main ear and ear diameter traits , the ratio of general combing ability variance to specific combing ability variance was less than one for the lines and for all the traits except leaf area and ear diameter traits , the liens (2) and (4) showed significant effect for desired direction in the traits : number of days to 50% of male and female flowering , number of kerenls in the row and in the ear and single plant yield and the tester (9) showed significant effect and desired in eight traits included the yield and its components .Specific combing ability effect was significant in desired direction for the cross ( 6x5 ) for all the traits except number of the leaves , leaf area of the ear , number of the ears , after it the cross(9x4) for the traits: plant height, main ear height , number of the ears , ear length , ear diameter , number of rows in the ear , number of the kernels in the ear and single plant yield . the dominance variance was more than that of additivevariance for all the studied traits, the values of heritability by narrow sence was low for the traits : number of the rows in the ear , number of the kernels in the row , number of the ear kernels , weight of 100 grains and single plant yield for the lines and ear height for the testers , and the traits : number of days to male and female flowering , plant height , ear diameter, number of the row kernels , number of ear kernels , weight of 100 grains and single plant yield as average , the average of dominance degree was more than one for all the traits except number of the leaves above main ear ( the line ) , leaf area , ear diameter (The tester) and ear diameter ( the range ) .

This experiment was conducted in the lath house of College of Agriculture / Kirkuk University (35.53o North 44.38o East). Bulbs daffodils class (Salome) white color have diameter 8-10 cm were planted on 11.10.2015 , when the plants reached forth leave stage, the plants were sprayed with two concentrations of the growth retardant Cycocel ( 0 , 1250 ) ml.l-1 and three different concentrations of the growth retardant Alar ( 0 , 500, and 1000 ) ml.l-1; however. The Experiment was conducted using Randomized Complete Block Design (R.C.B.D). The results indicated that treatment with Alar caused a significant decrease in plant height, length of sepals, and increase in sepal width. Whereas, treatment with Cycocel caused a noticeable increase in the number of leaves, obvious decrease in (plant height, and stalk of flowers), significant increase in (stalk of flowers diameter with the flowering duration), and high wet weight of bulbs and bulb lets.

This study includes ecological survey of soils and natural plants that growing it in three different station . that exposed to the pollution in Kirkuk city . the first station included the lands a rounding the farm located in Dubat quarter, Second station is the lands which located on the side of Al-khassa river at Al-Shuhadaa bridge that exposed to the domestic and commercial pollutants, while the third station includes the lands a rounding the North Oiled Company (NOC) ,in addition to control station behind the party court. Determination of a number of heavy metals ( Cd , Pb , Zn and Fe ) in soil and in common plants among all station as well as control site conducted. Also the estimation of bioconcentration factor BCF for metals conducted to the common plant.
The frequency for sample collection was conducted by monthly interval periods , from may 2010 till April 2011 .The results have revealed to high level of Cd , Pb and Fe in second station soil 13.9 ,89.8 , and 8197.6 ppm respectively and high value of Zn in first station soil 335.2 ppm. Also high concentration of heavy metals (Cd , Pb , Zn and Fe ) in soils and plants in studied station in comparison with control site . Observed a high correlation (r = 0.838 ) between soil pb concentration and leave Pb concentration for plants growth in these soil . The heavy metals concentration of soil and plants in the studied sites were higher than the international permissible boundaries. The higher value of Zn 174.14 ppm was for Malva parviflora plant and low value of 94.99 ppm was for P. monspeliensis . The grand range of T. Fe of common plants between all station was 868.18 ppm which higher than normal range .While in respect of BCF , most of common plants between studied site have the ability of accumulation of high amounts of metals in their leaves, among them M. parviflora, Chrozophora tinctoria , Xanthium stramarium and Silybum marianum , this indicated that these plants are preferable species to use as phytoremediation of heavy metals specially Cd , Pb , While M. parviflora and S. marianum benefit to phytoremediation of Zn .

A field experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of three levels of Trichoderma harzianum fungus (1,2,3)g.plant (isolationT26)had been carried out to evaluate the growth plant and the productivity on tomato Olga variety under field condition. The results showed that the inoculation in levels 1 and 2 g.plant-1 cause a significant increase in tomato growth indicators(Plant height, number of branches, leaf area and relative chlorophyll) With a significant superiority level 1 g.plant-1 which it recorded 105 cm ,6.0 branch ,60.21 cm2 and 46 spad.unit compared with 3 g.plant-1 level and control treatment which gave (64,60)cm , (1.3,2.0)branch ,(10.90 ,10.96) cm2 and (31 ,34) spad.unit for each them respectively . The results also showed that inoculation Levels 1 and 2 g.plant-1 Cause a significant increase in both of quantitative and its components indicators in plants which included number of clusters fruiting, number of harvested fruits, number of fruits, weight of fruit, yield of plant and total yield With a significant superiority level 1 g.plant-1 on 2 g.plant-1 level which it recorded 7 cluster ,10 Harvested , 36 fruit ,0.17 kg.fruit-1,6.12 kg. plant-1 yield of plant in control treatment compard with 3 g.plant-1 level on one hand and control treatment from the other side when it recorded (2,2) cluster ,(2,2) branch 10 Harvested , (7,8) fruit.plant-1 ,(0.13,0.14) kg.fruit-1,(0.98,1.04) kg. plant-1 yield of plant for each of them respectively .

The study was conducted in the nursery of Baquba Agriculture Department Diyala during the agricultural season 2010 2011 to study the effect of three levels of organic fertilizers which is; poultry manure quantity of 3 kg / m ², Humobacter fertilizer (0.5 kg /m ²) and control treatment (without fertilization), and two types of methods of training (on one leg and two legs) on the three genotypes (hybrids) of tomato is Tyrmes, Margreat and Dafnis. Carried out according to the experience of a spilt-split plot design (SSP) system in RCBD with three replicates, tested the moral differences between the averages less significant difference according to LSD and the level of probability of 0.05 . The study showed the superiority of hybrid Tyrmes in plant height and length of internode (less the length of internode) and the value of the total chlorophyll in the leaves and the number of inflorescences per plant and the number of flowers in inflorescences , which amounted to respectively, 201.2 cm, 6.1 cm, 82.71Spad, 10.07 inflorescence / plant, 8.53 Flower / inflorescence. Excelled plants fertilized residues in poultry recipe plant height, reaching 191.9 cm, while excelled plants fertilized with Humobacter the highest value of total chlorophyll in leaves and reached 84.04 Spad and the number of inflorescences in the plant, where gave 10.52 inflorescence. And excelled plants reared on two legs in the number of inflorescences per plant was 11.74. inflorescence.

This experiment was conducted in the greenhouse of Horticulture Dept. and Landscape Design- College of Agriculture, University of Tikrit. The experiment included two factors ,The first was four hybrids of cucumber (Ban , Ameer , Nafeer and Silion) symboled (V1 , V2 ,V3 and V4) ,The second was three defoliation (without defoliation , defoliation at 6 leaves and defoliation at 12 leaves) symboled (T1 , T2 and T3) analyzed in using split plot design , in (R.C.B.D) with factorial treatment with three replicates . tested by L.S.D in level 5%to study hybrid and defoliation effect on some growth and yield characters of cucumber cultivated in non-heated plastic house.
The result showed superiority of hybrid Nafeer (V3) in dry weight percentage in vegetable growth and long & diameter of fruit , and the treatment defoliation at 6 leaves (T2)had superiority in diameter of fruit compared with other treatments .
In the interaction between the hybrids and the defoliations the treatment (V3T1)gave highest long of stem and long of fruit .The treatment (V3T2 ) gave highest diameter of fruit. The treatment (V4T3 )gave highest number of nodes / stem , and the treatment (V2T1 ) gave highest percentage of dry weight in vegetable growth .

This study was carried out the animal house in The State company for drags industry and medical appliances in Samarra and laboratory of Education college and Applied Sciences college , University of Samarra , from 1st April to 30th August 2015. Atrial was conducted to study the effect of alcohol extract of Fenugreek and Cumin seeds on some biochemical parameter of local female rabbits . Twenty four mature females , with average body weight of 932.71 ± 30.08 g. and 10-11 months old , were divided randomly into four groups (6 rabbits / group) include three periods , drenched was control` treatment animal 1 ml of food oil while first and second treatments were give 30 mg.kg -1.b w from alcohol extract of Fenugreek and Cumin seeds respectively whereas third treatment was give extract of Fenugreek (15 mg.kg -1.b w) and Cumin seeds(15 mg.kg -1.b w) mixed
The results show that a significant increase (P  0.01) in total protein , albumen and globulin serum blood but a significant decrease (P  0.05) in glucose in all of animal treated (first , second , third) of alcohol extract of Fenugreek and Cumin seeds compared to control group. The results pointed also high significant decrease (P  0.01) in cholesterol, low- density lipoprotein , significant increase (P  0.05) in high-density lipoprotein of animal treated compared to control .

This experiment aimed to study the effect of different levels of Turmeric Curcuma longa Rhizomes powder (TRP) to the diet on productive performance , Chemical Composition of meat and some blood parameters of broiler chickens. One hundred twenty (Ross) one day old broiler chicks were randomly assigned to four treatments each containing three replicates in each replicate ten chicks. Levels (TRP) was supplemented to the basal diet at 0.0 (control), 5, 7, and 9 g/kg diet (treatments 2-4), respectively and the trail was lasted for 6 weeks. Results showed that of levels (TRP) supplementation at 7 g/kg of diet (T3) significantly (p < 0.05) improved body weight, and body weight gain of broiler chicken, while had significantly (p > 0.05) effect on feed intake, feed conversion ratio and when compared with the control. Also significantly (p > 0.05) decreased( T3) in serum concentration of cholesterol and triglycerides compared with the control. Results indicated that no significant effect of(TRP) on the Chemical Composition of meat in each treatments l. The present results showed that (TRP)can be successfully fed (T3) improved the productive performance and some biochemical blood serum parameters of broiler chickens.

Total Apparent Digestibility Coefficient and Evacuation rate was estimate Cyprinus carpio weighted (75 ± 2) g bred in glass aquariums in fish Laboratory of the Animals Production Dep. - Agriculture collage - Tikrit University for the period from 01/04/2013 till 30/5 / 2013, Cyperus papyrus and papyrus of the fig plant Ficus carica as used additives in the diets of carp fish cyprinus carpio 2.5% and 5% for measuring food digestibility rate.
The results showed a positive relationship between the ratio of additives and increase and improve digestibility as it was (50.01, 72.62, 67.39) % for the diets of control and papyrus and figs respectively when the extension by 2.5%, while the results were when the extension by 5% (50.01, 82.23, 76.61%) to control diets and papyrus and figs respectively, as it gave the papyrus highest in digestibility plants. The food evacuation results it was noted that after 4 hours of feeding food movement that began in the middle part of the intestines and clear up to (0.78, 0.63, 0.87)% to the diets of control and papyrus and figs respectively, while the food evacuation rates after 8 hours and 16 hours (0.66 , 1.25, 0.12)% and (0.59, 0.15, 0.16%) respectively.

This study aim to the effect of some trees groups on the chemical soil properties. this work on the select forest in the Dubis region which establishment in 1964. selected some species of Trees for this study (Morus alba L and Platanus orientalisL. ) as deciduous trees and Eucalyptus camaldulens as tree evergreen, Pinus brutia Ten. as evergreen needle tree and Tamarix Arabica as deciduous needle tree. Labor work were involved on the determined and measured of some soil chemical properties (pH, EC, O.M, CaCO3, CEC, Soluble Ions). results concluded that the pH in surface horizons were decreased under species of trees selected for compared , which ranged between 7.10-7.42 with control as the value of the soil 7.53 interaction and varied depending on the vegetation species. The electrical conductivity were increased under species of trees compared to the open ground location. It was noted there is a high content of organic matter as it reached the surface horizon under groups of trees 37.84, 31.68, 30.80 and 27.64 gm. kg-1 compared with 15.33 gm.kg-1 of open land and taken in the following arrangment Platanus orientalisL.> Morus alba L.> Tamarix Arabica> Eucalyptus camaldulens >Pinus brutia Ten. As well as with CEC.

A field study was conducted to compare different methods for Reference evapotranspiration calculation at different growth stage of potato crop with drip irrigation , sprinkler irrigation and furrow irrigation in College of Agriculture, Tikrit University. Combination method including : modified Penman-Menteith radiation method ( Jensen- Haise ). temperature methods (Hargreevs equations , Blaney-Criddle, kharrofa and evaporation pan) . results indicate pan evaporation gives the highest Reference evapotranspiration (ETo) values followed by kharrofa, Hargreevs and Penman-Menteith. equation, while pan evaporation gave the lowest Reference evapotranspiration (ETo) values. Blaney-Criddle gives the highest Kc values were (0.97, و 0.93 , 0.87) for three irrigation system respectively while evaporation pan gave the lowest Kc values were (0.61 ,0.60 , 0.57) for three irrigation system respectively. drip irrigation (DI) gave the highest kc values (0.97-0.63) as compared with sprinkler irrigation (SI) and furrow irrigation (FI) for all growth stage crop followed by SI (0.60-0.93) and FI (0.57-0.87).

A field survey was conducted in Tikrit University, Salah Al-din governorate to Identify Mycorrhizal Fungi for grown Plants in College of Agriculture on 2014, The plant samples are collected randomly from 6 Locations different in there Texture , Chemical , physical and Fertilize Characteristics , included (10) different plant families (Corn- Zea mays , Barley- Hordeum vulgare, Wheat- Triticum aestivum , Onion- Allium cepa , Bean- Vicia faba , Peas- Lathyrus odoratusL., Chick-peas- Cicer Linnaeus , Alfalfa- Medicago truncatula , Spotted medic- Melilotus officinalis , - Nigella sativa ) the total number of samples (25) contained root plant and there surrounding soil (Rhizosphere) The results showed :The highest Percentage of VAM infection presente in Corn and Onion which was 60% for each one , while the less Percentage of VAM infection presence in Spotted medic , Alfalfa , it was 22.5 , 15% respectively,The result of gel electrophoreses proved that the Extraction DNA method was very appropriate to get the concentration and purity for amplification gene with PCR technique ,.The result showed that the nucleus primer NS1 was very accurate to Identify the Mycorrhizal fungi infection in the plant root and different between the infected and non-infected root.

Field experiment was conducted to evaluate the irrigation management rice consumptive use on silty clay soil at the Soil and water Resources Center Research station located at Tuwaitha, Baghdad (latitude 33.14o North, longitude 44.14 o East) on 2013. Randomized Complete Block Design with three replicates was used. The treatments were three irrigation treatments (irrigation periods) and two Rice cultivars (Manathara Anbar and Baghdad Anbar). Irrigation periods were on each one day, 3 days and 5 days where 30mm irrigation water depth added for each irrigation for the whole growing season. Field calibrated Neutron prop was used to monitoring soil water content. Result showed that plant height, dry matter and grain yield did not differ between daily irrigation and each 3 days for the two rice cultivars. While irrigation treatment each 5 days caused a decrease in plant height, dry matter and grain yield as compared with the other irrigation treatments, and the rice cultivars did not affect these factors. Also, results indicated that water use efficiency in daily irrigated treatment were decreased with 21.5% and 37.5% for Manathara Anbar cultivars and 21.5% and 42.3% Baghdad Anbar as compared with 3 days and 5 days' irrigation treatments respectively, because of the high amount of irrigation water applied.

A Field experiment was conducted during the season 2015 in Kirkuk province to study effect of different levels of Nitrogen and magnesium fertilizers on yield grain and its components of Corn crop in calcareous soil. using RCBD design with two factors. The first was Nitrogen fertilizer which was added at four levels (0, 240 ,280 ,320 Kg N.ha-1) as Urea, while the second factor was magnesium fertilizer was added at four levels (0, 80, 160,240 Kg Mg.ha-1) as magnesium sulphate (MgSO4.7H2O). Result indicated that the application of N and Mg fertilizer significantly increase grain yield and its components .. highest grain 5145.00 Kg . ha-1 at N2Mg2 treatment ( 280 kg N . ha-1 + 160 kg Mg . ha-1 ). Addition of Nitrogen fertilizer in presence of Mg fertilizer decrease fertilizer requirement of corn crop from (320) Kg N . ha-1 to (280) Kg N. ha-1 . The increase in grain yield was mainly due to the number of grain . cob-1 and secondly to 100 grain weight .

The study was conducted in order to use the Rhodoturulla glutinis strain species in oil production and estimation of oil content from fatty acids content and some of its basic components, especially Tocopherols and Phenolic compounds and determine oxidative stability and oil viscosity level output. In addition to determining the quality of oil product after cooking temperature for 3 hours by detection the oil oxidation stability and the viscosity of oil produced compared with oil of both maize and sunflowers.
The results showed that the quantity of oil produced from yeast strain Rho.glutinis was at 5.8 g/l with dry biomass produced at 19.6 g. the oil contains the fatty acids as Linoleic, Palmitic, Oleic, Meristic, Stearic and Linolenic acid at 34.6, 26.4, 24.2, 2.5, 6.0 and 3.0% respectively. It also contains the Tocopherols types at 58.5 mg/100 ml compared with the content of both corn and sunflower oil were at 70.4 and 63.6 mg/100 ml, respectively. And contain the phenolic compounds at 3.6 mg/100 g of oil, which was more than in both corn and sunflower oil. It turns out that oil output from yeast were more efficient in the bear to heat exposure continued with 7.6 hours compared with both corn oil and sunflower were at 4.1 and 5.2 hours respectively. As well as showing that better also in low level in viscosity after exposure to 125 º c where became at 8.4 degrees compared to both corn oil and sunflower were at 6.3 and 7.4 respectively.
we conclusion from the study that yeast strain Rho.glutinis was so high efficiency in oil production and it is fit for human consumption and therefore high quality cooking uses depending on criteria examined and compared with both corn oil and sunflower.

This research deals with the study of the fate of Staphylococcus aureus during the osmotic dehydration process for carrot samples using sugar solution with and without the addition of salts, CaCl2 and MgCl2 under different temperatures, as well as study the effect of storage of osmotic dehydrated carrots samples on the survival of this bacterium, The best results were obtained when use a temperature of 25 Co for a week, as the results came osmotic solution was 60% suger as the best Cullen in reducing the number of bacteria in temperatures of 35 Co and 45 Co. The highest decrease in the number of bacteria was when using the temperature at 55 Co. The increase in lower numbers of bacteria rates has been observed after the use of those who are persistent CaCl2 and MgCl2 as an additive to the osmotic solution diabetes was associated with these added slightly higher decline in the number of bacteria when using 10% concentration of salts above a temperature of 55 Co. Thus, the results of this research have shown that the survival of the preparation of the bacteria Staphylococcas aureus dehydrated vegetables is influenced by the process of osmotic dehydration used and also the level of salt added, where the preparation of these bacteria decreased, one of the causes of diseases transmitted through food and thus preserve the dried product safety in this way.

This study had been Established in laboratory of ministry of trading – General company of Grain – Iraq , Baghdad . It study the effect of addition three levels of Guar Gum as a improved additive to Altunsa Flour – Turkish origin . Chemical test were determine of the flour . moisture and ash values reached 8.6 % , 0.82 % respectively . the addition did not affect significantly on the rates of moisture and ash in all treatments . also , addition of guar gum affect significantly on the values of the ratio of total gluten and reached 22 , 22 , 24 , 21 % for all treatments respectively . therefore the same effect happens to the dried gluten . When you notice the result of farinograph you will find that it's record many values such as the value of water absorption which had been increased when we comparing with control . results records 65.7 , 66.6 , 69.2 , 69.9% for all treatments respectively . Developing time values effected significantly and record 2.2 , 2.5 , 2.5 & 2.8 min for treatments A , A1 , A2 & A3 Add 0.75 % , 1% & 1.25 % of guar respectively . values of stability record 4.8 , 5.1 , 5,6 & 6.3 min for all treatments respectively . The addition of guar gum to the occurrence of significant effects on the sensory characteristics of the product and of the degree of public acceptance of the product 37.41, 43.44 for all transactions, respectively.

The study aimed to exploit the liquid acidic whey as by-product of soft cheese industry ,from the powdered milk, in water ice manufacturing as a substitute of water in preparing the mixtures also boosting the product of Roselle extract as a source of taste and natural color and take advantage of its nutritional value, The water ice treatment (The control) was prepared by mixing 65% water with 15% Roselle extract, 20% sugar, 0.3 % citric acid and 0.5% stabilizer. The treatments were prepared by adding acidic whey at 70, 65 and 60 % in additional to adding Roselle extract at 10, 15 and 20% respectively. The results showed that the adding of liquid acidic whey led to increase the total soluble solids, pH and specific weight in the mixture, while the overrun ratio was increased with decrease of specific weight in the product extrusive with the proportion of added liquid acidic whey. The treatment of adding 70% acidic whey and 10% Roselle extract got the highest degree of sensory evaluation. From that we conclude possibility of using the liquid acidic whey as a substitute for water in ice water manufacture, where the study showed that acidic whey improved the characteristics of the product in particular the overrun ratio and sensory characteristics. The conclusion from that is the possibility of using liquid acidic whey in water ice manufacture in liquid form without an additional economic cost, even if found it will be very few.

A study showed charcoal rot disease on pepper fileds in agricultural region Albasel, HothSabai ,HothSatae and Hyash appending Alhawiga city toward so south west Kirku k provinice , injury percent and severity to 13.53, 0,43 respectively .The disease highest in Albasel region than lowest in Hyash region to 15.83 , 11.66 and 0.54 , 0.43 percent and severity injury respectively. The study showed significant effect of disease on some characters growth , germination percentage , damping-off , dry weight and death seedling in field. Application some treatment to diseas control salicylic acid , Biohealth and fungicide Peltanol single or combination to seed and soil, result show significant effect to losses characters reduce ,interaction between treatment superiority with all study characters.

This study was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of two chemical fungicides; Topsin M 70% WP and Tachigaren 30L plus two biocontrol agents; first one is a fungus Trichoderma harzianum and the second is a bacteria named Bacillus subtilis individually or in combination with other evaluated factors to control Fuzarium wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporumfspLycopersici on two varieties of tomato named Feton and GS-12. The results of field study conducted in open field to evaluate disease control program on tomato varieties Feton and GS-12 indicated that applying Feton cultivar plants with following biological and chemical treatments; T. harzianum & B.subtilis, T. harzianum &Topsin M 70% WP, B. subtilis &Tachigaren 30 L and Topsin M70% WP & Tachigaren 30 L has given a significant result in increasing percentages of seedling emergence and decreasing of seed rot disease 100%, 0% respectively in comparison with pathogen control treatment 0% ,100% respectively. GS-12 cultivar was recorded a significant result as well in same parameter when treated with following treatments ; T.harzianum & B.subtilis , T. harzianum , Tachigaren 30 L & B.subtilisand Topsin-M 70 % WP & Tachigaren 30 L 100% , 0% respectively compared with pathogen control treatment 96.66, 03.33 respectively. Concerned with shoot and root growth characteristics; Field study explained that all treatments have recorded a significant increase in fresh and dry weights of shoot and root systems on both cultivars( Feton and GS-12) compared with pathogen control treatment.
Results indicated as well that applying of both cultivars with fungal and bacterial biocontrol agentsT. Harzianum and B.subtilis together has recorded highest averages of yield weight 4534 kg , 4786 kg respectively followed by treatments of Tachigaren 30L &T.harzianum and Tachigaren 30 L & B. subtilis on Feton cultivar plants with no significant difference between them While on GS-12 cultivar, treatment of Tachigaren 30 L &B. subtilis came in second order of productivity 4397.3 kg after the treatment of T. harzianum & B.subtilis 4786.7 kg with no significant difference between them.

The research is aimed to determine the applying level of beekeepers for the scientificrecommendations in Zummar area Nineveh province ,find out the relationship between theindependentvariables and dependentvariable anddetermine the problem's important thatstandbearing ofbeekeepersin research area.
The research included all of the beekeepers in Zummar area/Nineveh province which them number is approximately (150) beekeepers, random sample is taken at (20%) percent at result the number of researches is (30) respondent,questionnaire form is used as an instrument for collection the information that consist of two parts: the first part is related to the personal variables ,the second part included the dependentvariablethat is(applying level),The researcher has been used of statistical program(Spss) for the analysis of the studydata.The results showed that level of generalconfiguration / in Zummar region it was high, there is significant relationship between the applying level and the variables most of studied,and there is some ofproblems withbeekeepers.
Researcher recommend increase the extension activitiesand increased state shoring in research area.

The Study aims to measure the impact of technical Change in agriculture of Ira using time-series data for the period ( 1990-2013) , logarithmic production function work was transcendental (superior ), had used the value of output in the agricultural sector, Capital, Labor, and raw materials .
The study also indicated that the flexibility of production were positive when mediums of labor and capital components amounted (0.9926) and (1.00036) respectively, the finding suggest the sector affected by technical change, she also results to vibrate the productivity of the work item was lost when the average (13332946.5) million dinars and the value of capital when average (3134.9021) million dinars during the period of study , there is no partiality of technical change to production bolstered to technological working in Iraq agriculture sector , also note that average gross fixed capital formation for agriculture sector with a total value over study (3763.81) million dinars and from the treasury turnover sector agricultural the total during the same period (74237.6526) million dinars which equalize (9.7%) of reserve capital for Iraqi economic sectors , the results were extracted using quantitative tools in economical multiple linear regression method of ordinary least squares (OLS) , in these study use the translog index on calculation the technological change, well as to analyze the results using the standard engineering program (Gretl 1.9.9) the results of all of the work and function of capital and technological change (restricted) BL,BK, BVT, Bt respectively (2.71437), (1.02265) , (1.83144) , (83.2471) Respectively This shows the moral function .
The study recommends that introduction of technical progress talk with industrialized nations , and activate the technology role through ( Categories improver, Manures , medication, Vaccinia ) courses and internal newsletters about the way you use this change , raising the role of ministry of agriculture and water resources that contribute effectively to raise and improve the national product , and diverted agricultural sector if progress technology the least developed sectors, and the need for increased and intensified research aimed at analyzing the structure of production and deepened to improve production to improve production efficiency .

The research aims to determine the level of adoption of growers maize techniques class compositional 5018 in the district of Mahmudiyah Baghdad province in general as well as the level of adoption growing breed technologies in every area of study of (choice class, land preparation, method of planting, planting date and the amount of seeds, fertilization, irrigation, pest and harvesting), and then determine the correlation between the level of adoption and a number of special factors and Balzraa of ( age, income, who associated farms, expertise, information sources, the trend toward modern technologies ).
The research consisted of ( 110 ) peasants' which are representing ( 10%) of the total number of the peasants' Those who variety compositional (5018) in Mahmudiyah district Baghdad province . Used many of the statistical methods to reach the objectives of the research, such as ( range, Pearson and Spearman Law correlation and ( t – test ) .
The results showed that the adoption level is middle and low level in the adoption of technologies in the field of fertilization and pest. As well as showing the existence of a significant correlation between the adoption level and most studied factors .
The researchers recommend intensify Extension activities in the area of research and the use of Extension campaigns to ensure that the definition of the peasants' of the importance of these technologies on the production and training them on how to apply them .