Journal of Al Imam Al-Adham University College

This research is entitled “Claims of Modernity on Revelation and Qur’anic Exegesis -
Discussion and Criticism-”. The research includes a preamble, a preparatory topic, two
main topics and a conclusion. The preamble introduced the idea, approach and scheme of
the research, while the preparatory topic highlighted a concise overview on the concepts of
revelation, exegesis, and modernity as a preparation for discussion of the two subsequent
topics. The first topic debates the claims related to the Qur’anic revelation by presenting,
critiquing and responding to them. The second topic debates the most prominent cases
related to Qur’anic exegesis with a clarification of the responses thereto. The conclusion
included the results of the research and its recommendations.
The research concluded by illustrating the environment where these claims arose, the
most important features of which are: defeat before the predominant culture of the West,
handling the Glorious Qur’an as a man-made text, questioning revelation, and depending
on reason to explain all the issues. The research also highlighted the crucialness of
these claims in that they are drive indirect messages aiming to challenge the Glorious
Qur’an. These messages may not be noticed by the reader, besides; they exploit the
aspiration of Muslim youth for culture and renaissance, and attempt to make use of the
influential academic groups in Arab universities. The approaches followed by modernists
in communicating their claims are various, including: promotion for Enlightenment as
a cloak under which deceptive ideas are concealed, the use of vague terms, exhausted
generalizations, and slogans that are desirable from outside.
The research illustrated the modernist claims within the scope of revelation, and is
summarized in several points, including: questioning the issue of collecting and writing
down the Glorious Qur’an, deleting the Islam exaltation phrases Towards the Glorious
Qur’an, and criticizing the sciences of the Glorious Qur’an, especially those related to the
study of the Qur’an revelation, abrogation, Qur’anic readings and inimitability, as well
as challenging the source of the Qur’an. To refute these claims, the research provided a
scientific critique for these claims, and systematically responded to each one of them.
The modernist claims discussed by the research in the field of Qur’anic exegesis are
summarized in promoting the application of Western approaches by which the Glorious
Qur’an shall be interpreted, and it does not fit it as being a sacred divine text. Moreover,
the claim to cancel the legal and linguistic rules and controls in its exegesis, and grant
the sovereignty to the mind in the exegesis of the Glorious Qur’an even in the unseen
matters. The research has criticized these claims, and discussed their errors scientifically
and systematically, and that they did not produce any novel ideas, rather a repetition of
the sayings of the Orientalists.

Modernity is a contemporary philosophical problem, which claims to present a new
description of the understanding of religion, life, and reality that appeared in the
West.
Which required a change in the philosophy of religion and required interpretations
far from the decision, citing the Western rise in addition to the scientific progress that
brought nations and peoples into dangerous junctures, between rejecting its reality
and fighting its constants, and revolting against its values and beliefs
This gave way to analytical hermeneutics to reject some texts and distort some of
them in order to discover new meanings, which necessitated re c onsidering their
claims in order to preserve the heritage, differentiate between the fixed and the variable,
and address the imbalance caused by poor reading of the texts of the Sunnah
and examine and criticize their aforementioned practices in order to preserve the
Prophet’s Sunnah

This research aims to show a new danger hovering around changing the
concepts and terminology of Arabic grammar, based on a contemporary view
which is not able to see the real effects of the grammatical destinations. This
paper monitored a group of change attempts, which are: the insulting the
justice of grammarians, the attempts to cancel the theory of the worker, the
denial of the multiplicity of syntactic aspects in the Holy Qur’an, the change
in the division of the main terms of grammar, the denial of the disciplined
grammatical interpretation with the correct limits to it. However, the research
studies tried to depict the danger which relied in its investigations on advanced
concepts of Arabic grammar.

(Classical language and destructive facilitation attempts)
Our ancient scholars did not neglect the facilitation of grammar and its rules, so
facilitation appeared in grammar since the emergence of grammar, but the method
differed between an ambiguous explanation or a vague comment or an abbreviation
in books, chapters and topics without prejudice to the essence and origins of grammar,
which is what distinguished most contemporary advocates of facilitating grammar. At the
same time, we find some orientalists and scholars influenced by them who have taken
the issue of facilitating grammar and the Arabic language as a source for destroying the
Arabic tongue.
Destroying the spirit of the classical language and its keys under the pretext of
canceling the parsing, and then blowing up the classical language from its roots on the
pretext of adopting the vernacular language as a contemporary language of discourse.
Numerous attempts appeared to facilitate grammar, the purpose of which was to
destroy the grammar rules and its origins in order to lose the Arabic tongue, leading to
the loss of the rules for knowing how to properly read the Holy Qur’an. Two dangerous
attempts emerged that were among the most important attempts to destroy grammar
and its rules under the pretext of renewing it, and they are:
First: To advocate the use of spoken collolloism as an alternative to the classical
language (the language of the Holy Quran).
Second: call for the abolition of expression and expression movements.
These two calls are one of the most serious contemporary challenges facing the
classical Arabic language, which has remained constant in its origins for 1,400 years,
and the authors of these calls seek to torpedo the efforts of grammar scholars that have
lasted for centuries; to destroy the whole of Islam.
These two calls were discussed in detail and showed the scholars of each section and
their opinions and responded to them with evidence and argument and reached the
results and recommendations showing the stability of the classical Arabic language in
the face of all the challenges and attempts that try to undermine it old and new, and it
is a lively and constant language that remains the Holy Quran that Allah has pledged to
save.

For modernists, research on reading the Qur’anic text is one of the necessities
in legal and Qur’anic studies. It is also a field for exploring the status of Islamic
law in facing contemporary challenges, including: the challenges of modernity,
and the challenges of re-reading the Qur’anic text. The importance of research is
demonstrated in evaluating Dr. Muhammad Shahrour’s attitude about Al-Tafsīr bilra
ʾy (the interpretation of Qur’an by mere opinion), and leveling academic criticism
against him to come out with deep understandings that face those challenges. Dr.
Muhammad Shahrour has an attitude about the interpretation of Qur’anic expressions,
where he does not adhere to their linguistic senses, tries to falsify and fraudulently
alter their significances, and relating them to modernist terms such as Marxist and
communist philosophical terms related to the invalid (conflict of contradictions).
He adopts an attitude towards interpreting the Quranic sentences and styles, where
he deliberately interprets them incorrectly, overlooking grammar and morphology
in their interpretation. He also has an attitude about the allegorical interpretation of
the verses of the Noble Qur’an, he tends to use Marxist esoteric interpretation of
Qur’anic terms and the materialistic atheistic interpretation of them, which is one of
the foundations of the materialistic thought that he adopts and supports.

This research included a study of the most prominent ideas: The famous
Moroccan philosopher and thinker: Dr. Muhammad Abed Al-Jabri (deceased:
1431 AH2010-AD) through his book which he devoted to the interpretation of
the Holy Qur’an by naming it: fahum alquran alhkym: altafsir alwadih hsb tartib
alnzwl. According to the descent of the Surahs of the Qur’an, not according to
the order of the Holy Qur’an. Therefore, Al-Jabri began his interpretation with
an explanations of Surat Al-Alaq, and ended with an explanations of Surat Al-
Nasr.
This research came under the title: rd daewaa ‘iieadat qura’at nusus alquran
alkarym: aljabry ‘unmuthajaan, and it includes two topics, and a conclusion
after the summary, the introduction and the Preface as follows:
Preface: It includes a definition of the research vocabulary.
The first topic: the reasons for his false claims: The discussion of it came
in two demands that included the most important reasons, which are: the
religious reasons and the scientific reasons, and each of them included two
things.
And the second topic: Examples of Al-Jabri’s false claims: And the discussion
in it came in three demands: Each of them included an example in the creed
rulings, the Sharia rulings, and the Qur’anic rulings: Conclusion: A summary
of the most important achievements in this research, with recommendations:
Key words: Quran, Jabri, stabbing, skepticism, claims:

I started my research entitled: «The deviations of modernist interpretation
(taubel) on the Qur’an, displaying and criticising»
I showed why is modern interpretation an esoteric interpretation unacceptable ?
and what is the difference between it
and the interpretation of Muslim scholars? And what are the reasons for this
difference?
What are the methods of modernist interpretation, what are its most prominent
suspicions, and how does it answer them? What are the most prominent forms of
deviation in this modern interpretation of the Qur’an? I concluded that the reason for
the difference between Muslims and modernist scholars in interpretation was due
to differences in principles and motives, and one of the most prominent principles
of the scholars’ interpretation was to take into account the characteristics, purposes
and language of the Qur’an. One of the most prominent principles of modernists
in their interpretation: secularism, their stripping the Qur’an from its features,and
following the western approaches without investigations , and the influence of the
Hermeneutics, and the research proved that modern interpretation is the same
kind as of the esoteric interpretation, which is closer to playing, tampering and
misrepresentation than to distant interpretation, and that the manifestations of
deviation in modernistic interpretation on the Qur’an are many such as in the belief,
legislation or conduct.

The research came about the reasons for the problems of the hadith between
controlled understanding and unbridled deviation, and in it an explanation of what is
meant by the problem of the hadith, what is meant by in the Arabic language is the
same or similar, and mixing, and in the terminology: what appears to be inconsistent
with the rules, the illusion of a false meaning, or inconsistent with a text Another
legal one, then a quick overview of the skeptics in the Sunnah of the Prophet, who
are types, whether they were from the sects that appeared in the old days, or those
who followed them from later ages, and he was one of the most prominent skeptics
in the ancient Kharijites, the Marjeh, and the Mu’tazila, and in the modern era, he
emerged on the scene Orientalists, secularists, and Quranists, then I was exposed
to the reasons for challenging the problematic texts, the most important of which
are lack of specialization, love of appearances, ignorance of the knowledge of the
problem of hadith, undermining Islam, supporting the doctrine of belief, purifying
heritage, and presenting Islam in a way that does not conflict with the teachings of
the West.
Then I mentioned the reasons for the occurrence of problems and that the hadiths
had collected texts that appeared to be in contradiction. As for the skeptics, they
questioned many authentic hadiths under the pretext that they contradict the apparent
meaning of the Qur’an, or because they do not agree with the mind, or because they
have questioned them from a scientific point of view.
Then I showed the paths of scholars in dealing with the problem of hadith and that
they presented the weak hadiths, and they combined the authentic hadiths, looking
at the transcript and the abrogated, then the weighting, and several results emerged
through the research, including: that the problem of the hadith includes the authentic
hadiths, and there is a contradiction between them and a verse, or Hadith, history,
intellect, sense, knowledge, or an established matter in religion, and that the problem
of hadith can be extracted by way of interpretation, in removing the problem, and
that the ways of scholars in dealing with the problem of hadith are: to put the general
public on the special, And carry the divorced to the bound, and the combination
to carry the matter to the scarring, and the combination to carry the prohibition to
hatred, and the combination to carry the negation to the negation of perfection, and
the combination of pregnancy under special conditions.
The most important recommendations are: Institutions play their educational role,
especially the media, and encourage researchers to conduct studies that serve to push
back the contradiction between hadiths, and to present Islamic heritage in a language
consistent with the times.

This research paper talked about the concept of the prophetic text among the
modernists and was represented by Dr. Nasr Hamid Abu Zayd، who took care
of the concept of the text through a group of his books. Also، this paper talked
about the definition of the concept، the text، the modernists، and the studied
personality. It showed the apparent contradiction in defining the concept of
the text and the foundations adopted by it in the concept of the text in terms
of the history of the text ، the influence of culture on it، and the authority of
reason in understanding and correcting it.Then I dealt with the factors affecting
his concept of the text، including: the lack of revelation of the Sunnah and
its unprovenand humanity of Muhammad M. I presented his opinions and
evidence، then I contradicted all that evidence.
The research paper concluded with the most important results: the purely
materialistic dialectical intellectual argument in his writings، the chaos
of concepts، their ambiguity، disorder، intellectual reduction and wasting
theoretical and systematic fabrication، which led to a complete departure
from the legal، linguistic، scientific and methodological constants. The paper
recommended intensifying the study of modernist curricula، their products،
andcriticize it scientifically.

Islamic jurisprudence has great importance in drafting legal articles related
to personal status, as it is characterized by flexibility that makes it realistic and
comprehensive to all aspects of life, and this flexibility does not affect the constants
that Islam came and stipulated in the Holy Qur’an and the Prophet’s Sunnah, but
rather it falls within the framework of the changes and developments that appear
during The different stages of life, and the flexibility of Islamic jurisprudence, make
it a clear ability to keep abreast of all new developments in the reality of people in
various aspects of their political, economic and social life.
The research deals with the challenges of renewal in matters of personal status
resulting from contemporary legalization, which is one of the forms of jurisprudential
renewal, which is a renewal based on legal drafting, authorship, and explanation, and
making use of all jurisprudential schools of thought in contemporary legalization,
then the research deals with the most important treatment mechanisms to face
these challenges through the rules Controls for renewal.

The importance of economic development in the Islamic economy appears
from many different aspects. in terms of income correlation with it, raising the
standard of living, and providing economic prosperity. Satisfying humanitarian
needs, and securing political and economic stability in the country. The
Islamic system for economic development is based on the continuity of the
economic development process combining it with social development; So that
the economic needs can be met.T he social and moral of the rest of society
members in a way that fits every age, and in accordance with Islam’s concept
of economic well-being

The research highlights the role of commitment by religious instructions in
achieving tranquility and stability, and getting rid of psychological diseases on
which countries spend huge amounts of money to address - in vain .
The research tackles the studied issue from two main aspects: belief and
practice. By belief I mean belief in Allah (God) as the Lord, Creator, Planner,
Sustainer, Keeper; and belief in the unseen, i.e., the unknown things and events
that Allah Almighty has revealed in the Holy Quran and Prophet Muhammad’s
sayings .
By practical acts I mean ordinances such as prayer, fasting, pilgrimage, etc.,
and avoiding the interdictions that Allah has prohibited .
He who submits to the Will of Allah achieves guidance, tranquility and
assuredness.

Praise be to God Almighty، Lord of the Worlds، and prayers and peace be upon
the Seal of the Prophets، his family and his companions، and those who were
guided by his guidance until the Day of Judgment. Civilized، and spiritual education
is the basis for the formation of a unified tolerant society in which every individual
accepts the other without discrimination or superiority. All creation is the servants
of God Almighty and thus there is no room for planting the seeds of discord،
militancy and terror that some ignorant and enemies of Islam exploit based on
some of the texts of Sharia and their ignorance do not understand what it means.
This awareness in the educated generation has made us a fortified society educated
by the culture of the soul، and this wish is fulfilled with the sincerity of intent and
sincerity of professors and scholars، so neglect of the heart is the calamity in the
modern era and it is one of the most important reasons for exposing societies in
general and youth in particular to sedition and suspicions and their drive behind
the owners of sedition and delusion and other things. We see an increase in the
percentage of moral، intellectual and belief deviations.
This research highlights the importance of spiritual education in mobilizing the
energy of the heart to be present with God Almighty in every situation.
As for the research plan، it was as follows: The research included an introduction،
two studies، a conclusion، then the sources of the research and as follows: The
first topic: The soul in the shades of the Glorious Sharia. The second requirement:
human spiritual powers. The third requirement: spiritual education in Islam. The
second topic: Spiritual education and its human impact (education as a model)،
and it contains four demands: The first requirement: the effect of the soul in the
formulation of human behavior. The second requirement: legal guides in the
educational aspect، the third requirement: the importance of the educational and
cognitive aspect in facing contemporary challenges، the fourth requirement: the
effect of spiritual education on the educational process. We ask God Almighty to
bless us with the piety of hearts and the purity of souls and the souls of a contented
charity and to reconcile the new generation to draw from a certain one. Pure Islam
that filled the earth with mercy and light، praise be to God، Lord of the worlds

Our world today testfies many lurid cultural interactions ,that puts the
family especially the mother in front of many challenges ,because of the
large spread for the extension of globalization.which promoted by the social
media. This media in the others hand swept the whole world and becomes an
effective role in both it’s positive and negative sides to motive the education
and broadcast ideas .therefore it increases more questions of the intellectual
security about the nature of intellectual routers and its compatibility with our
Arab Islamic identity.
With this universal misleading and the propagation of the media speeches
that promote for orientalist thought,but in a new shape which can be attractive
like Superman and Barbie girl for example. The values in which try to promote
to this thought are these cartoons and the digital world , generally it focuses
on many questioned about how to protect our children especially from the
psychological attitudes from outism for example. As well as effective tools can
provide qualifications of the intellectual security for children ,? What is the
mother’s role through this topic? What is the ambit of her competence and
intellectual formation to realize the risks of these media thoughts?.
All these questions we will try to answer them by following two mechanisms
they are (Dismantling and Analysis) as a kind of sociocultural approaches.
Meaning the role of the family mostly the mother in protecting her child
from the globalization riskiness . As we will work dimensions to show and
mechanisms that will be promoted by the media forums in instilling these
poisoned thoughts by showing enough ways in providing intellectual security
conditions and the mother’s role .
Keywords: Intellectual Security, Globalization, Central Western, Family Role,
New Media.

The endowment is one of the voluntary, charitable foundations that have had an active
role in the process of economic and social development and growth in the various Islamic
eras. Iraq was famous for its abundance of endowments, and various forms were taken,
including mosques, schools, buildings, houses, lands and farms, and the endowment
began in Iraq since the Islamic conquest at the hands of the Commander of the Faithful,
Omar bin al-Khattab, may God be pleased with him, passing through the Umayyad and
Abbasid states, until his properties became widespread, and these endowments remained
preserved in The extent of the history of the modern Iraqi state is preserved and preserved.
The biggest challenge that occurred after 2003 was the clearly sectarian factor in
working to change the ownership of endowment objects or appropriating some of them
by force or stealing their proceeds and revenues without returning to the relevant official
or legal authorities, which formed a strange phenomenon and a dangerous historical
precedent, and that was one of the most prominent The legal, judicial, administrative and
economic challenges that faced the Islamic endowments
The research reached a number of findings and recommendations, most notably:
1 - The conditions of the endowment have strength and consideration that derive from
the basis of the legitimacy of the endowment, and the scholars have agreed that all the
conditions of the endowment are considered in the Sharia, and that it is obligatory to act
upon them.
2 - The act of the person responsible for the endowment, if it is for the sake of preserving
the endowed property from corruption, he may act in a way that achieves reform and
ward off danger. But if the behavior includes changing the direction stipulated by the
endowment from one side to another, then it is forbidden, forbidden and not permissible,
according to the agreement of the jurists.
3 - The study found field certificates proving that more than %80 of the properties
of the Ministry of Awqaf in Iraq belong to the Sunnis, unlike the Shiites, because their
endowments are for the benefit of the religious authorities and hawzas in Najaf and
Karbala and not for the endowment.
4 - The study identified a set of preventive and remedial methods for the issue of
assaults, appropriation, control, and robbery of endowment properties under unfair and
unfair governmental sponsorship, as it constitutes a strange and dangerous historical
phenomenon that has not passed in the history of the nation, which necessitates retreating
from it, canceling it and preventing its work, because it is considered greater A challenge
that faced Islamic endowments throughout Islamic history, from the era of the message
to the present day.

Global globalization is one of the most dangerous human industries that we
see as the eye’s opinion in the world of martyrdom, and we have no choice
but to respond to it and interact with it, but with caution until we avoid its
dangers from besetting us, and avoid its harm from catching up with us, and
globalization in this way is one of the most important results of the new
world order that established the era of the manufacture of perceptions and
convictions, and directing trends and attitudes.
Our research paper examines part of the dangers of globalization in the law
industry, where it aims to answer the problem of the scope and nature of the
negative impact of global globalization on the issue of the legal industry, and
the limits of this influence on the use of Islamic law, which explores the extent
to which the legislative value of Islamic law is affected in this legal industry.

The issue of implementing the provisions of Islamic law faces major political
obstacles and challenges that prevent it from resorting to it in all areas of life,
especially in our modern and contemporary history, and specifically after the fall
of the Islamic Caliphate, and the massive international and regional events that
followed, which resulted in Arab and Islamic ruling systems in various Trends:
Some of them deny the impact and track down the bird of the West, and some of
them adhere to what is present in a small geographical area, and others are tribal,
ethnic, or loyalties far from the Islamic approach to governance, then followed by
the emergence of multiple political blasts that have the greatest impact on the
forced or chosen distance from the application Sharia provisions, including: foreign
interference in the affairs of Arab and Islamic countries, including: the trends of
resorting to Western approaches to governance, distorting the image of Islam
in the fields of politics, media and thought, spreading fear and fear of applying
this law, including: accusing the Islamic law of its inability to rule, and some What
international organizations or political alliances have done by separating the part
from the whole, until it is no longer interconnected, and other political factors that
have a clear impact in leaving the appeal to Islamic law, which is discussed in this
research in its frameworks now It is theoretical, armed with what was previously
written and from various legal and political sources.

The Islam came to preserve society in general and the family in particular from
the causes of disunity. The rearcher sheds light that on this type of marriage، which
may have negative effects on the contracting parties in some of its forms،
The researcher showed that there is a similarity between customary marriage and
secret marriage and temporary marriage Customary Marriage has indicated that the
contract، if the offer and acceptance is available، witnessed by two witnesses، and
announced this form a valid contract in ( Islam )، even if it has not been registered in
the official departments، and that not all forms of customary marriage are ruled inviolable،
and some of Customary Marriage forms do not entail penalties in Iraqi law،
but there are negative effects in opening the door to permitting this type of marriage
In all its forms، and among these negative effects:
11. The marriage may be a cause of some children being lost.
22. Customary marriage may cause many damages to women in many of their
rights.
33. In the absence of formal documentation of the marriage contract، it is possible
for each of the spouses to exclude from the other.
44. The wife’s inability، in particular، to file a grievance to the judiciary، because
there is no official document supporting her association with this person، and there
may be laws in some countries in which penalties may be arranged for those who
marry in this way.

The affinity transformations that take place in all societies are linked to many
different factors, including: social, cultural, political and religious, and hardly
any society is devoid of these transformations, and that the Iraqi society is
one of these societies that has been affected by changes throughout history,
in the past and present, especially after the events of 2003 CE, as it witnessed
Iraqi society has major transformations in its kinship structure, and there have
become real problems that most members of society live and feel, and they
continue to this day. Sometimes they represent a formal form of expressing
some kinship relations, and there are those who believe that the security
situation is the most influential factor in changing the structure of kinship,
as the wars and terrorist acts to which the Iraqi society was subjected in one
way or another led to the destabilization of the security side, which led many
to fear Visiting relatives and communicating with them, especially if we know
that some relatives live in distant regions and different governorates, and
others see that the political factor and the resulting trauma Various hardships
and partisan liquidations have damaged the social fabric and created great
problems among members of society, which has negatively affected the nature
of kinship relations. Thus, any changes that occur in any society clearly affect
the kinship pattern, and this is the case for most societies in the world.

Islamic banks are considered an economic necessity، especially in the course
of the modern era، as it is an applied and practical example in the structure of
the Islamic economic system، as the need for financial and banking systems and
products extended to non-Islamic societies، and therefore Islamic banks went
beyond their financial activity from the area of local and regional activity to These
banks and their dealings have become a matter and a model that they aspire to after
they have proven their worth in financial dealing s based on formulas that meet
societal needs and economic development، based o n the principle of beneficial
exchange and not overburden dealers with them، and thus they were able to achieve
remarkable success This success comes through adopting or developing multiple
forms of banking financial financing in accordan c e with the rules، mechanisms
and transactions of Islamic law. On the other hand، the global traditional banking
market has witnessed merger processes that are easy to achieve with technology
and electronic communications، and this merger resulted in financial، banking and
economic globalization، and this globalization became the dominant one in economic
activities and banking transactions، and in the face of this openness represented by
financial and banking globalization، which confronts the typicality and nature of
Islamic financial and banking transactions، especially In the field of financial finance،
which is an important pillar of the banking business and creating an atmosphere for
the challenge of being able to keep pace with and innovate by it in the development of
methods for financial financing and Islamic banking The research methodology lies
in focusing on the most important challenges facing the financial financing process
for Islamic banks in light of financial globalization. With the suggestion of a set of
visions and strategies that Islamic banks can adopt in order to face these challenges
and avoid risks. .،

This research aims to know the most prominent obstacles to the educational process
in Iraq from the viewpoint of university lecturers. The research was conducted
on a sample of Wasit University teachers، who in turn represent a model for teachers
in Iraqi universities، The researchers adopted a questionnaire consisting of (41)
items distributed over four fields: the teaching field (11)، the student’s field (12)،
the curriculum field (11)، the school building area (7) items، and statistical methods
were used. The following is included in the statistical analysis (Pearson correlation
coefficient، weighted mean، percentage)، and with regard to the most prominent results
of the research were: a serious lack of school buildings، and its lack of numerator
and scientific laboratories، and the large number of holidays and official national
and religious events that negatively affect the regularity Continuity and completion
of the school curriculum، with delay in the delivery of space The approach and
textbooks of most schools in the specified times، as well as the impact of social media
on the scientific level of students، the decisions of the supplementary role (the
third) and the calculation of years of failure that negatively affected students، and the
crowding of classrooms with the numbers of students that affected the concentration
of students and the extent of their absorption of the scientific subject، The teacher
and teacher lack of continuous development courses، and some students exceeded
the teacher without a deterrent law، with poor communication between the teacher
and the parents of the students .