Misan Journal of Academic Studies

Periodontitis is an inflammatory disorder that affects the teeth's supporting structures, leading to attachment loss and bone resorption. Cytokines produced by immune and non-immune cells regulate the immune response, acting as both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory agents. This complex pathogenesis presents a significant public health challenge, emphasizing the need for early and accurate diagnostics. This study aimed to measure volume of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) using Periotron® and assess potential biomarkers (MCP-1 and IL-6) to predict periodontal disease severity and progression using the Human Enzyme-linked immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). GCF samples were collected from 30 patients with stage 1 periodontitis, 30 patients with stage 3 periodontitis, and 30 healthy subjects. The level of GCF recorded using Periotron® was 0.04 µl for the healthy control group, 0.10 µl for the stage 1 periodontitis group, and 0.70 µl for the stage 3 periodontitis group. MCP-1 and IL-6 levels in the GCF were significantly higher in the stage 3 periodontitis group compared to the stage 1 periodontitis group and healthy subjects.

Technology companies try to ensure that their products stay in the market longer by understanding the needs of their customers. This Research examined organizational psychology and organizational performance variables, focusing on dimensions of organizational psychology (organizational knowledge, organizational analysis, creative thinking, and organizational improvement) and dimensions of organizational performance (business performance, competitiveness). internal employment, and economic growth). A large contractor from the power and electricity sectors was selected as a case Research. The research problem focused on the outcomes of organizational psychology that contribute significantly to enhancing strategic performance, understanding employee perceptions of these two dimensions, and examining the relationships between the variables. The results concluded that the company places great emphasis on organizational awareness as an important factor in improving its products and that there is a significant relationship between organizational mindset and strategy.

Pests and illnesses that affect plants can drastically lower crop yields and quality, endangering consumers' health. Some plant diseases can be so bad that they totally ruin grain harvests. Therefore, there is a great need in the agricultural data sector for systems that can detect and diagnose plant illnesses automatically. Color features, vein features, Gray-Level Matrix techniques, and Fourier descriptors are few of the feature extraction-based image processing approaches used here. The results concluded here support the utilization of the features obtained from divided leaves instead of the entire leaf. Combining CNN with SVM and KNN was suggested in this study. It evaluated and collated the suggested method's accuracy with approaches from other studies after using 10-fold cross-validation to assess its accuracy

Understanding that very few students appreciate grammar and tend to find it the hardest part of learning a language. The present study examines the importance of using gestural and facial expression feedback in order to motivate English as a Foreign Language learners in grammar lessons. It is commonplace for this research to look at how the use of gestures and facial expressions by teachers encourages learners to get interested in learning grammar. In a an experimental study, 120 EFL learners, fifth grade students from Baghdad primary school during the academic year 2023-2024, were assigned into an experimental and a control group. EFL learners were split into two strata: one where students received only asset verbal feedback and the other group where students received both asset verbal feedback and gestures. These were achieved through pre-and post-assessments, classroom evaluation, and learner motivation assessments through self-reporting. The mentioned results indicate that gestural and facial feedback plays a key role in boosting learners’ motivation and comprehension of grammatical structures as they offer visual and emotional support which in turn enhances the clarity of instruction and provides a better learning atmosphere. These results highlight the need of integrating communication strategies other than just the English language in EFL classrooms for purposes of motivation and enhancing interaction

Background: In the field of dentistry, there has been a growing prevalence of digital manufacturing technologies in recent years. Presently, the manufacturing of removable complete dentures using three-dimensional printing can be achieved through the utilization of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacture (CAD-CAM) technology. This technology combines additive and subtractive techniques, commonly referred to as fast prototyping and three-dimensional printing, and employs PMMA professional light-curing resin as the material. The objective of this study is to assess the impact of titanium oxide nanotubes on the hardness of the underlying material utilized in 3D printed dentures. Materials and methods: The specimens were generated using 3D builder software developed by Microsoft Corporation, utilizing computer-aided design techniques. Specimens were designed with particular dimensions in compliance with the test standards for hardness. The denture resin 3D printed with titanium oxide nanotubes (Howngue, China TiO2 / D: 15-30 nm / L: 2-3 nm) was categorized into five groups (group 1 - 1% / group 2 - 1.5% / group 3 - 2% / group 4 - 2.5% / group 5 - 3%) based on weight. The specimens were printed using the Asiga max 3D printer, which utilizes digital light processing technology and is manufactured in Australia. Results: The average hardness values for the groups reinforced with 1% by weight of titanium oxide nanotubes showed a significant increase compared to the control group and with 1.5 % showed no significant difference. In contrast, the values for the other reinforcement groups declined considerably. Conclusion: The hardness of denture bases made from three-dimensionally printed material was successfully increased by including titanium nanotubes at concentrations of 1% by weight

This paper examines the intersection between gender and the physic aspects of anxiety in Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s Americanah (2013). The study focuses on how Adichie looks into gender through psychological perspectives. The main argument of the study will be the interpretation of gender as an impasse negatively affecting the novel’s female protagonist’s psyche. Ifemelu, who is the chief protagonist, embodies Adichie’s concern with creating an optimal view of women on the brink of psychological retardation due to two interrelated problems. The first problem gender severe prejudice engulfing women’s social relations. The second problem is women’s development of psychic anxiety as a result of the gender bias. Therefore, the study’s objective is to explore gender discriminations as the primary cause of protagonist’s psychic anxiety. The methodology for analyzing the relationship between gender and anxiety will be qualitative. It follows a textual analysis of the major female protagonist as well as the novel’s setting which plays a crucial role in identifying the accumulative formation of the protagonist’s anxiety. Thus, the study’s finding will be limited to the exploration of gender discrimination as an impetus to the formation of human anxiety

This paper examines the intersection between gender and the physic aspects of anxiety in Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s Americanah (2013). The study focuses on how Adichie looks into gender through psychological perspectives. The main argument of the study will be the interpretation of gender as an impasse negatively affecting the novel’s female protagonist’s psyche. Ifemelu, who is the chief protagonist, embodies Adichie’s concern with creating an optimal view of women on the brink of psychological retardation due to two interrelated problems. The first problem gender severe prejudice engulfing women’s social relations. The second problem is women’s development of psychic anxiety as a result of the gender bias. Therefore, the study’s objective is to explore gender discriminations as the primary cause of protagonist’s psychic anxiety. The methodology for analyzing the relationship between gender and anxiety will be qualitative. It follows a textual analysis of the major female protagonist as well as the novel’s setting which plays a crucial role in identifying the accumulative formation of the protagonist’s anxiety. Thus, the study’s finding will be limited to the exploration of gender discrimination as an impetus to the formation of human anxiety

The research aims to test the role of digital human resources management practices in achieving the well-being of workers in the Civil Aviation Authority, and to diagnose and explain the relationship between the research variables and their dimensions, and based on the basic problem by asking the extent of the impact of digital human resources management practices as an indicative variable represented by its four dimensions (learning and electronic development (Electronic performance evaluation, electronic reward and appreciation, electronic self-service for employees) in achieving employee well-being as a responding variable. Represented by its three dimensions (psychological well-being, workplace well-being, and life well-being), the data was collected into the research variables through a structured questionnaire specifically designed to look into the relationship between digital human resource management practices and employee well-being. The data were analyzed using different statistical methods, including descriptive analysis, correlation, and regression analysis. SPSS-26 software was used to process and extract the results. The study was conducted at the Civil Aviation Authority, focusing on evaluating discipline data to test the proposed speculations. Through the results, it was found that there is a significant impact of digital human resources management practices in achieving workers’ well-being, which indicates that digital human resources management practices play an active and influential role in enhancing workers’ well-being. Which indicates that digital HRM practices play an active and influential role in enhancing employee well-being. We therefore recommend expanding digital education programs to cover a variety of topics that are relevant to employees and aligned with their professional needs. In addition, Inspire employees to participate in multiple applications to enhance their diverse talent pools. This study uniquely explores the impact of digital HRM practices on the well-being of Civil Aviation Authority workers, providing insights into how digital HRM impacts workplace well-being.

Vocabularies are the main elements of any language, thus, if there was not sufficient control in using them then the result would be a difficulty in vocabulary retrieval when needed. The frontload (pre teach) vocabulary strategies are used as a supportive pre learning strategies that help students to become acknowledged with the new materials that will be presented in the classroom. Applying these strategies can enable students remembering the vocabulary faster than traditional methods. The current study aims at investigating the effectiveness of using Frontload Vocabulary strategies in facilitating the Iraqi students' vocabulary retrieval. In order to fulfill the aims of the study, the researcher adopted a questionnaire. The questionnaire contains 12 items with the five point scale (always, usually, sometimes, rarely, never).The participants of the study are Third-year students at the Department of English/ College of Education. The distribution of the questionnaire is done online, 35 students received the questionnaire and answered it. For the pilot study, fifteen students were selected in a random way; the result was that 30 minutes were required to finish the questionnaire items. The items of the questionnaire were worded in a clear and simple way. Therefore, the students did not face any difficulty in responding to the questionnaire items. The items of the questionnaire were divided into two parts even and odd to measure their reliability. The researcher employed the Pearson correlation formula to measure the questionnaire reliability; it has been found that the reliability is 0.754. Then the Spearman Brown formula is applied and the result was that the questionnaire reliability is 0.859 which reveals that the questionnaire is reliable and acceptable. Based on the outcome of the study, this strategy facilitate students to comprehend the text or passage because many students lack the motivation to continue reading a text or passage when they encounter a lot of unfamiliar vocabulary. Furthermore, it also has been found that this strategy helps the students to get pre

Clove oil disinfects polymethylmethacrylate. Post-clove oil solution immersion high-impact polymethylmethacrylate surface hardness was examined. Thirty high-impact polymethylmethacrylate specimens were used and divided into control, 2% clove oil solution, and 6% clove oil solution groups. Shore-D tester measured surface hardness. Data was analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk test, one-way ANOVA at 5% significance, using the SPSS software. The highest surface hardness mean was 6% (80.07), followed by 2% (79.96) and control (79.93). In this study, clove oil didn't affect surface hardness. 2% and 6% groups had similar surface hardness to the control group.

One of the fundamental motives of Cloud based computing for the use of technologies of current era that based on Internet. The concept of cloud computing has exploded in popularity, and the reason for this is the cost-effective transmission, storage, and intensive computation that it offers. The goal is to provide end-users with remote storage and data analysis capabilities utilising shared computer resources, lowering an individual's overall cost. Consumers, on the other hand, are still hesitant to use this technology owing to security and privacy concerns. This paper provides a thorough overview of the different risks and technological security problems associated with cloud computing. We use the UNSW dataset to train the supervised machine learning models. We then test these models with ISOT dataset. The algorithm's accuracy for DoS and probe attacks was investigated, and the findings were given as confusion matrices. Cloud computing has changed the technological scope by offering cost-effective transmission, storage, and computation. It’s security especially on Distributed Denial of Service Attacks remains a major concern. This study uses two datasets, UNSW and ISOT, to train and test supervised machine learning models for the prediction of DoS attacks. The model used achieved a remarkable accuracy of 99.6%. These findings present the ability of machine learning to improve cloud security in the near term.We have achieved an accuracy of 99.6% to predict a DoS attack. We present our results and argue that more research in the field of machine learning is still required for its applicability to the cloud security.

This study aims at identifying the Impact of using the Menus strategy on the performance of Second-year students in the English Department in writing composition . It seeks to provide insights into the potential benefits of integrating non-traditional teaching methods to enhance writing skills.
To achieve the research objectives, the researcher adopted a single-group experimental design with a pre- and post-test after a training program to use menus to measure their impact on students' performance in improving their ability in writing composition. And null hypothesis has been put on after being subjected to experiment.
Second -year students in the morning study / English Department / College of Basic Education in Misan were selected with (30) male and female students, where the experimental group was taught by designing menus that include various topics such as sports and travel. The research encourages students to use diverse vocabulary and creative expression. The research includes an analysis of students' performance and responses to evaluate the impact of these activities on linguistic diversity and quality of expression. The equivalence of the two groups was carried out in light of the following variables: students' ages, parents' educational attainment, and pre-test scores. The results showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the mean scores of the development of the experimental group studying the menu strategy in the pre- and post-test. This was based on comparative statistical processing of students' scores in the subject.

The research was aimd to know the attitudes of General Sciences Department students in the College of Basic Education towards electronic tests (e-tests). To achieve the aims, the researcher adopted the descriptive research method. She had chosen the research sample using a classism random method from students of the Department of General Sciences in the College of Basic Education. The sample included (120) male and female students. A research tool was designed, which was (the attitude scale). After verifying the validity and reliability of the scale, the final draft of the test included (25) items according to the five-point Likert scale. It was applied to the sample, and its data was collected and statistically analyzed using the softwares Microsoft Excel and SPSS programes. The results showed that students' attitudes were positive towards e-tests, and that the general arithmetic mean amounted to (3.461) and falls within the sample's (agree) attitude. Based on the results reached by the research, a set of recommendations were made; the most important one is to exploit students' positive attitudes towards e-tests in enhancing their application in universities, implementing infrastructure development programs, providing free Internet networks, taking a look on the experiences of advanced countries and benefiting from universities' use of modern technology and its applications. The researcher presented a number of suggestions such as conducting similar research to find out the attitudes of school students and teachers towards e-tests and a comparative study between the effect of using electronic tests and the effect of using paper-pencil tests on student achievement.

Formative heterogeneity is an intellectual and cultural mechanism represented by Adnan Al-Sayegh to reveal the repercussions of reality, and to clarify conceptual relativism, and its impact on the growing significance of ideas, with the aim of renewing the intellectual prevailing and revealing its shortcomings. This orientation, intellectual in its implicit introductions, and aesthetic in its gender proposal, is part of the prevailing thinking represented by the postmodern world and represented by the poet himself, who does not believe in the stability of references and the permanence of referring them to fixed formulas, as poets who lived through two stages (the stage before the change inside or outside Iraq and the stage after 2003). Especially those outside paid attention to the problem of the contradiction between the act and its manifestations (through the current living and the prevailing history, and they tried (and the poet is one of them) to clairvoyance of this difficult moment that Iraq is going through during sectarian wars and the emergence of militant groups that introduced it into a fierce confrontation caused by overlapping and intertwined narrative blogs). Thus, text dice is a readership / qualitative reaction to monitor this transformation (transformation in the Iraqi arena). Our technique to understand the idea of realistic and figurative transformation was mediated by the term heterogeneity that means transgression in its intellectual sense (identifying the problem and its contradictions and not rejecting or leaving it, and then involving the reader in the act of careful reading), and trying to get out of its board in order to stop the repercussions of reality and its imaginary justifications.

This research addresses the legal measures implemented in both Iraq and France to deter abuses of public office, by analyzing the applicable legislations and enforcement mechanisms in each legal system. The study aims to understand how each system addresses this critical issue and the effectiveness of the procedures in promoting accountability and oversight of public officials.
The research includes a comprehensive comparison of the legal foundations, regulatory controls, and penalties imposed for abuses. An analytical and comparative approach was employed to assess the impact of these measures on reducing corruption and enhancing integrity in governmental work.
The findings indicate that the French system possesses stricter and more transparent mechanisms, contributing to a greater effectiveness in deterring abuses compared to the Iraqi system, which faces challenges related to the enforcement of laws and the activation of oversight. Based on these findings, the research concludes with recommendations aimed at strengthening laws and mechanisms in Iraq to achieve higher levels of accountability and transparency

The Middle East is a complex geographical region, and the events of the past 100 years have affected the world. Although various issues in the regional, political, economic and social fields of the Middle East have led to large-scale conflicts, the conflict today is taking place on a strategic scale and based on the interests of the powers in the region. Since the events of 9/11, new factors such as al-Qaeda terrorism, regional crises in Afghanistan, Iraq, Syria and Lebanon, along with the growing role of Shiites in the regional power structure and, of course, nuclear Iran, have led to linking the politics and security of the Middle East with international security, and turning Middle East issues into International and public issues. This research reviews the conflicts and challenges in the Middle East region, with a study of the case of Iraq.

A field study was conducted to evaluate the susceptibility of four eggplant varieties (Barcelona, Jawaher, Nasr, and Capto) against leafhopper Amrasca biguttula biguttula at the Agricultural Research Station at the University of Basrah during the grown season of 2023/2024. The results indicated that the eggplant varieties differed significantly in their susceptibility to the leafhopper. Barcelona was found to be the most susceptible variety, followed by Nasr and Jawaher, while Capto was identified as the most resistant. The population density of adults and nymphs increased in early January and then decreased toward the end of October of 2023.
The studied varieties also differed in their biochemical resistance traits and the concentrations of metabolic compounds that may contribute to resistance. These compounds included plant pigments (chlorophyll and carotene), carbohydrates, proteins, and phenols. The highest chlorophyll content was found in the Jawaher variety, with the lowest observed in the Nasr variety. Carotene content showed no significant differences between varieties. However, carbohydrate content varied significantly, with Nasr showing the highest content, followed by Jawaher, and the lowest content found in Barcelona and Capto. Protein content was highest in the Jawaher and Barcelona varieties and lowest in Nasr and Capto. Phenolic content also varied among the eggplant varieties, though no significant differences were found between them

The purpose of the study was to determine the impact of educational technologies on enhancing the engagement of middle school students in geography. The study utilized an experimental approach with a sample size of 80 students, split into two groups: a control group and an experimental group, each consisting of 40 students. A questionnaire was administered to the students to assess their level of engagement in geography within both groups and to evaluate the effect of integrating advanced technology into the teaching methods of the experimental group. The findings revealed noticeable disparities in the engagement levels of students in geography between the control and experimental groups, with a preference for the group that received geography instruction integrated with technology. Consequently, it was suggested that educational strategies incorporating technology be further explored in geography instruction, and that educators receive training on the use of technology and modern educational tools.

The Iraqi novel has witnessed a remarkable development and a continuous increase in addressing artistic developments. The Iraqi novelistic achievement has witnessed several transformations, whether at the level of the topics it has raised or at the level of exploring new areas of experimentation. The novel is the most important narrative art among all narrative arts, as it is distinguished from them and occupies the lead in terms of its popularity in study and reading alike. The reason for this is due to its distinctive architecture and unique specificity, in addition to the fact that it is more capable of depicting people's concerns and addressing their social problems. This is what Atyaf Sanidah worked on in her novel, the subject of our research, to address from topics related to politics, sex and social reality, as the narrative novelistic text represents a large arena in which contradictory ideas, multiple philosophies and many opinions meet; due to the complexity of the events expressed on the one hand, and the multiplicity of conflicting characters on the other hand.

The current research on composing film scores for dramatic films is an aesthetically and functionally complementary element in dramatic structure, achieved through the mental and emotional interaction between the components of cinematic language. It serves as a purposeful window for conveying sensory and cognitive effects through melody and rhythm, facilitating the organization and coordination between image and sound, In extracting meaning and analyzing the film’s approach and direction through symbols, signals, and both direct and suggestive meanings, it becomes a form of artistic language that is understandable, perceptible, and open to interpretation as envisioned by the director for their film, allowing the depth of meaning to reach the audience, The researchers believe that the current study titled "The Role of Soundtrack Composition in the Dramatic Film Psychopath: An Analytical Study" is a qualitative artistic experience that adopts a content analysis approach for practical application. The research problem is as follows: What is the role of soundtrack composition in the dramatic film? The study follows a content analysis methodology for the research sample Psychopath.

This research is based on the descriptive and analytical approach to study the psychological connotations that the image performs in the poetry of Rahim Al-Gharabawi, and it alludes to the visions carried by his texts, as the images in his poetry were distributed between similes, metaphors, diagnostics, and embodiments, and the psychological functions that were achieved through the uses of graphics in order to create a bridge of communication with the recipient. And conveying the meanings to him, and the importance of the study in an attempt to reveal the poet's thoughts through the analysis of his poetic visions. The results of the study indicate that the use of psychological statement and its meaning does not stop within the framework of the word only, but rather goes towards the suggestions, perceptions, visions and psychological waves that address the conscience. To reveal his position towards that reality

The research aims to identify the level of pedagogical knowledge competencies. of students/teachers in the Mathematics Department and their relationship with their professional motivation. The researchers followed a correlational descriptive survey method, and a simple random sample of (40) male and female students from the Mathematics Department was selected. The researchers prepared an observation card in the areas of (planning - implementation - classroom management - evaluation) to measure pedagogical knowledge competencies, as well as scales for professional motivation. The necessary psychometric properties for both were verified. The results showed that students do not possess the necessary pedagogical knowledge competencies for teaching, but they have a high motivation towards the teaching profession, and the relationship between pedagogical knowledge competencies and professional motivation was weak.

This studdy dealt with (derivatives in douaa Alahad: a semantic morphologicalstudy) atopic that occupieslarge space in the Arabic language, especially the science of morphology, which is concerned with the structure of the Arabic word in terms of construction and declension, and the changes that occur to it, such as substitution, causative, derivation, and others.
We focused on an important topic, which is the derivation, and tried to stand on several issues, the most important of which is highlighting the significant role that the research topic occupies. It is an attempt to provide a glimpse of it in the midst of studies about it and the identification of an important aspect of the Arabic language, which is the topic of derivatives, and their types, forms and how they are derived, through exposure to an important douaa from our immortal heritage, which is douaa Alahad. This topic is of clear importance in languages in general and Arabic in particular, as it constitutes a basic support in the linguistic research on the origins of words and their impact on sentences.

The study was conducted in the laboratories of the College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, to determine the biological effect of Belthirul WP Bacillus thuringiensis pesticide on Spodoptera littoralis, which poses a serious threat to tomato production worldwide because it can cause significant crop losses. The results showed significant differences between the rates of effect of the concentrations of the biopesticide Belthirul WP on the first larval stage of S. littoralis, as the highest effect rate was recorded at a concentration of 4 g/L, reaching 54.03%, followed by the effect rate of the concentration of 3 g/L, reaching 46.57%, and the lowest effect was at a concentration of 2 g/L, reaching 24.99%. The results also showed significant differences between the rates of effect of the concentrations of the biocide Belthirul WP on the sixth larval stage of S. littoralis, as the highest rate of effect was at a concentration of 4 g/L, reaching 34.26%, followed by the rate of effect of a concentration of 3 g/L, reaching 30.09%, and the lowest rate of effect was at a concentration of 2 g/L, reaching 15.00%. As for the rate of effect of days, the results showed significant differences between the highest rate of effect after 7 days of treatment, reaching 42.53%, and the lowest rate of effect after one day of treatment, 7.41%.