Journal of Misan Researches

Masan province produces varied agricultural crops including vegetable crops. The importance of the crops of human crops as a fundamental food as well as its economic importance so the test came.(The impact of the climate on cultivation of vegetable crops in Masan province) Try to clarify the extent to the consequential climate compliance with climate requirements for crops to improve and increase production as a type. The study has adopted the transitional and quantum of the demonstration of the impact of climatic elements . The study has been adopted on climate data on my station al Amarah and Ali al Gharbi .and for a while (1995-2017) The study has reached a number of results from their most important . The climate has a significant impact on the cultivation of vegetable crops .The effect varies by the crop type and the growth of the growth. And that the impact of the climate is increasing during the hottest of the year. This is related to the conditions of drought resulting from the large rise in temperatures , lack of labor. Any thermal characteristics are the most important as they control the other air phenomena as pressure , winds and others. It also shows that the characteristics of the climatic zone of the escalation does not sometimes agree to climatic requirements for cultivated crops during special summer

الحمدلله و الصلاة والسلام على سيدنا محمد (صلى الله عليه وسلم) و على اله و صحبه و من تبعهم باحسان الى يوم الدين، لاشك أن فقهاء الشريعة الاسلامية لم يتركوا بابا من أبواب الحياة الا طرقوه و دخلوا فيه، ليبينوا حكما شرعيا منسجما مع مستجداتها و تطوراتها على كافة الاصعدة .
أسباب إختيارنا للموضوع: تتمثل الاسباب التي دفعتنا لإختيار هذا الموضوع مجملة بما ياتي:
1- الإلمام بأحكام الجوائح يفتح آفاقا واسعة للإجتهاد في إستنباط أحكام الجوائح المعاصرة التي كثر وقوعها ولايزال تقع، وآخرها جائحة (كرونا) .
2- للعلاقة المترابطة بين نظرية الجوائح الفقهية و نظرية الظروف الطارئة القانونية .
3- لنثبت إقتباس فقهاء القانون نظرية الظروف الطارئة عن نظرية الجائحة الفقهية .لان النظرية الثانية اسبق من الاول بمئات السنين
4- لشمولية هذا الموضوع بحيث يسع كثير من أبواب الفقه و قواعده .
الدراسات السابقة: لقد بحث فيها الفقهاء القدامى و المعاصرين، ومن القدامى توسع المالكية فيها و الحنابلة أقل منهم في كتبهم الفقهية

ازيلت اسرة بني امية عن مسرح السياسة في المنطقة بعد سقوط الدولة التي سميت باسمهم والتي كان من اهم صفاتها انها كانت دولة قومية اعتمدت العنصر العربي في تركيبها وبنيتها السياسية والادارية والعسكرية، وبزوال دولة الامويين حلت محلها دولة اخرى سميت هي الاخرى باسم الاسرة التي اسستها، إلا ان اهم ما يميز الدولة الجديدة هو ان بنيتها اختلفت عن سابقتها اختلافا اساسياً فقد ادخل العباسيون العنصر الاجنبي في البنية التأسيسة للدولة فاصبحت صبغة الدولة الجديدة اممية بعد كونها عربية واستمرت الدولة العباسية اكثر من خمسة قرون شهدت خلالها حقباً من العظمة والسؤدد وتمتع خلفائها بمظاهر القوة والشدة والترف ومرت الدولة خلالها بمراحل الازدهار والحضارة ، كما شهدت مراحل من الضعف والتفكك ومرت على خلفائها حقب من الضعف والبؤس والاذلال وفي كلتا الحالتين ضعف الخلافة وقوتها كان الامر ينعكس بشكل او آخر في مركز الدولة وعلى اطرافها وظهرت العديد من محاولات تأسيس الدويلات ونزعتها الى الاستقلال ومنها الدولة الطولونية التي قامت في طرف من اهم اطراف الدولة العباسية ألا وهو البلاد المصرية ومن ثم بلاد الشام -كما سيمر- وقد كان لطبيعة العلاقة بين العاصمة العباسية ومصر تأثير مباشر وخطيرا على بلاد الشام عامة وعلى شريط الثغور والمدن الثغرية المحاددة للبيزنطيين بشكل خاص وتأتي خصوصية تلك العلاقة من طبيعة العلاقة العلاقة بين الدولتين العباسية والبزنطية التي اتسمت في اغلب مراحلها انها كانت تتميز بالحروب والغزوات ، ومن خصوصية العلاقة بين مصر وبلاد الشام وتأثر وتأثير احداهما بالاخرى بشكل مباشر وبشكل غير مباشر، ومن هنا جاء هذا البحث لبيان ذلك ولتسليط الضوء على سياسة كل من الدولتين العباسية والطولونية تجاه الاخرى وسياسة وموقف كل منهما تجاه منطقة بلاد الشام والثغور من ناحية وتجاه الدولة البيزنطية ورسم العلاقة معها من جانب آخر ، كما يبين موقف ولاة مدن الثغور وسكان تلك الاسقاع من الخطر البيزنطي ومن القوتين العباسية التي مثلت المركز الروحي والشرعي للمسلمين ومن الدولة الطولونية التي عدت في حقبة من الحقب الدولة الراعية والحامية لمناطق الثغور في الجبهة الغربية

The study dealt with the issue of electronic blackmail in its types, causes, means, effects and punishment in Imami jurisprudence and Iraqi law, and it was clarified in this study that electronic blackmail is one of the crimes of the era that appeared after the emergence of technology, and it showed that electronic blackmail has its types, causes and means through which it reaches its victim and then Electronic blackmail has severe effects on the individual and society.
Then I was subjected to the punishment of electronic blackmail in the Imami Islamic jurisprudence, so the ancient jurists, although they were not subjected to the punishment of this crime, but the Sharia is a complete method of life that does not leave this crime unpunished in order to preserve society from collapse, and for that it empowered the legal ruler (the jurist). to punish her. As well as the crime of electronic extortion, although the Iraqi law did not legislate a special law for it, but he was able to adapt some of its articles in order to punish the offender blackmailer in order not to escape punishment

Inference by the appendices of the assets in the books of the secrets of grammarThe essence of the research is sub-grammatical evidence that is derived from the grammatical evidence and is attached to it, and this does not mean that it deviates a degree from the origins. Rising to infer the correctness of the rule and the acceptability of the grammatical judgment that belongs to it until it proved its authority in inferring it in various grammatical and morphological issues, as we will see later when the grammars of the books of the secrets of grammar.
The attached principles of grammar were born, as is the case with the basic principles of grammar, from the womb of usul al-fiqh. They are a silent reflection of the influence of the methods of grammar science with the science of jurisprudence. It was named by the evidence attached to the origins, or the subsidiary evidence, such as the inference by probing and dividing, measuring the first, lack of comparison and approval ... etc.
And if what is meant by the original is what proves its judgment by itself and is based on * others, then what is meant by the principles of grammar is the methodological principles and the general evidence, while the branch is contrary to the original, and it is a name for something that is based on others and what is meant by it is that which is based on the main principles. Because it emanated from it

The study of the power of the state and the constituents that go into its manufacture is represented by many components, including the population, as the population plays a major role in building this power. And since southern Iraq is characterized by a clear population weight, in addition to what the study area enjoys with a geographical location that has geopolitical importance, given that the governorates of southern Iraq (Basra, Maysan and Dhi Qar) have peculiarities in terms of natural and human resources, including the land and sea adjacent to two land states (Iran and Kuwait) As for the maritime site, which overlooks the Arabian Gulf, all of this contributed to making Iraq possess an international force that naturally affects the drawing of its foreign polic

For several decades, forward-looking financial information has been the focus of attention of professional organizations and a motivation for this interest was concern that this information was not reliable. To the extent that the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) prohibited companies from providing such information in their securities file, because this information cannot be immediately verified, managers may also use it when they have incentives to mislead or dishonor in Disclosure time, The Securities Commission (SEC) restored its view of forward-looking financial information after obtaining strong evidence that investors are more responsive to forward-looking information than historical information, and in 1979 the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) granted protection for forward-looking financial information under the Safe Harbor Rule. As this authority encouraged disclosure of forward-looking financial information in circumstances such as material trends, events, obligations and risks.
The increased interest of stakeholders in the forward-looking financial information issued by economic units, and their eagerness to increase the reliability of this information, has led to the necessity of subjecting this information to an independent third party examination process, Which leads to an increase in the confidence of this information and the possibility of reliance on it by the stakeholders, and the most prominent finding of the researchers is that the forward-looking financial information will not be useful to the parties for which this information is prepared unless the parties using this information are certain of its reliability, reliability and reliability, In addition to the absence of an integrated scientific framework to guide the account auditors when examining forward-looking financial information, The study concluded with some recommendations, the most important of which are: the need to pay attention to the model proposed by the researchers regarding examining and reporting on forward-looking financial information

the French critic Gerard Genette made the greatest effort in his study of the time of narrative discourse, when he distinguished in his study between the two times (story and tale). The time of the story depends on the imagination (the time of the signifier), while the time of the story includes the false time (the time of the signified). In his analysis of the structure of time in the narrative discourse and through the quality of the relationship between the two times, the researcher will depend on the model presented by Gerard Genette; It is considered the most mature and applied to the novel texts, according to two levels: (chronological order, duration)

التوبة من مفاهيم الإسلام السامية والمهمة، ومن أبرز مظاهر العلاقة بين المعبود والعابد، وهي رمز مثالي کامل لشمول الرحمة الإلهية بالانسبة الإنسان. مصادر الإسلام مليئة بالآيات والروايات التي قامت بتوضیح وتعریف هذا المفهوم. تسعى هذه المقالة دراسة منبعين أساسيين لدين الإسلام والتشيع هما القرآن والصحيفة السجادية لكي تبين أن دراسة التوبة قد تمت بأي نظرة واستخدام أي مفاهيم. بیان الإئمة المعصومین (ع) خاصة الإمام زین¬العابدین(ع) فی الصحیفه السجادیه،هی مجموعة من النصائح خاصة النجوی الملیئة بالتوبه والاستغفار. اعتمدت هذه المقالة في بحثها على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي واستخدام المصادر الشيعية والسنية الرئيسية والكتب الصوفية لفحص موقف التوبة وشرح آثارها بناءً على وجهة نظر صوفية وتربوية، وأخيراً تلخص القضايا المتعلقة بالتوبة في القرآن والصحيفة السجادية. ومن أهم ما توصلت إليه هذه المقالة أن كل إنسان محب إلى الكمال، مهما كانت مکانته ودرجته، ملزم بالتوبة وملزم بانجاز مراحلها عمليا

The problem of the research is that the Misan Oil Company does not possess a technological orientation that enables it to keep pace with recent developments in the field of oil production technology in light of a rapidly changing environment. Therefore, the research aims to develop a theoretical framework for the technological orientation and productivity in the Misan Oil Company and to know the role played by technology orientation in increasing The current and future productivity level of the company, as well as urging the company to build a technological orientation through the acquisition of advanced technology in the field of production that enables it to increase productivity and optimize the use of available resources. The importance of the research lies in clarifying the role played by the technological orientation in increasing the productivity level of the researched company, as well as clarifying the requirements Building technology orientation. The researchers sought to test the research hypotheses related to the correlation and influence relationships between the two variables of the research to answer the questions included in the research problem. The research was applied to a deliberate sample of (108) directors of bodies, their agents, department managers and their agents. The researchers used the questionnaire as a main tool for data collection, as well as some methods. Statistical ones (arithmetic mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, Pearson correlation analysis, and simple regression analysis). The two researches reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which was the existence of a correlation relationship and a positive effect of the technological orientation on the productivity of the company

The present research aims of knowing the following:
1. The Alexithymia of research sample..
2. The Alexithymia of research sample according to the gender variable (male - female).
The current research has been identified by identifying the alexithymia for the students of Baghdad University and Al-Mustansiriya University of both gender (males and females) for the academic year 2018-2019..
With regard to the theoretical framework, the research addressed a set of multiple theoretical approaches that dealt with the variables of the study and concluded after discussing it to adopt Taylor's viewpoint (2007) as a theoretical framework for the alexithymia variable.The research was applied to a sample consisting of (570) male and female students from the university, who were chosen by the random stratified method of proportional distribution, where the number of males reached (239) and the number of females (331), and for the purpose of achieving the objectives of the research, the researcher has built a measure for this variable scale of alexithymia and its consisted of (29) items distributed in three domains, and the reliability coefficient of the scale reached (0.826) in the Alpha Cronbach .
The search results were as follows:
1.It appeared that the alexithymia of research sample was higher than the assumed average in statistical terms.
.2 There are no differences in alexithymia according to the gender variable.

The research presents theoretical foundations from the two dimensions of strategic intelligence (vision and partnership) and the development of the performance of the national security apparatus in Iraq. For the purpose of achieving the objectives of this research, a hypothetical scheme was prepared that determines the nature of the relationship between the independent variables represented by the two dimensions of strategic intelligence (vision, participation) and the approved variable, the development of the performance of the national security apparatus. (Efficiency and Effectiveness), for the purpose of testing the research hypotheses, the research was applied to a sample of employees of the Iraqi National Security Service to obtain the necessary information through a questionnaire form prepared for this purpose. It was distributed to a sample of (97) members representing the employees of the upper and middle administrations in the various departments, directorates and departments of the Iraqi National Security Service. The statistical program (SPSS) was adopted to analyze the relationship between variables and to extract and process data
The research reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which was that there is a significant correlation and effect between the two dimensions of strategic intelligence (vision, participation) and the development of the performance of the National Security Service. While the research concluded with a set of recommendations, the most important of which was the need for the device to rely on work mechanisms through which to activate the capabilities and energies that carry high efficiency among employees and have the ability to provide the best services

In parliamentary systems of all kinds, the head of state exercises some powers individually, without sharing with him another authority, which is entrusted to him in particular, and within the powers of the head of state many of the powers that he exercises individually, some of these competencies are predominantly of an honorary character. Others are real and important competencies, depending on the type of parliamentary system prevailing in each country. The head of state exercises executive powers and others related to the work of the legislative authority, and this stems from his position as an arbitrator between the authorities and from the nature of the parliamentary system, which is the balance between the two powers of the most important pillars

غالبا ما يعترف المسلمون والمسيحيون بالشفاعة الإ ان اطارها ووسعتها تختلف عندهم، فالوهابية انكروا قسما منها وهو طلب الشفاعة من الأولياء في هذه النشأة، وهكذا خالف البروتستان فاثبتوا الشفاعة الكفارية وانكروا غيرها، وقد اشرنا إلى السياق التاريخي للشفاعة ، ابتداءاً بالشعوب البدائية، ومرورًا بالشعوب الوثنية، وانتهاءً بأهل الكتاب، وذكرنا ادلة المثبتين المسلمين من القرآن الكريم والروايات والادلة العقلية والعرفية، وكذا ادلة المثبتين المسيحيين من الكتاب المقدس سواء في العهدين القديم والجديد وتطرقنا الى ما ورد في المجمعات المسكونية كمجمع الترتنتي وأيدناه بما يقرأ في الكنائس الكاثوليكية والأرثوذكسية، وذكرنا ادلة المنكرين وناقشناها

The study is the most fertile and difficult narrative narration. Its fertility is due to the fact that it is the appropriate entrance through which one can access the text، its jewel، its means and objectives، since the narration is one of the aspects of the tangible appearance within the structure of the novel and the narrative structure of the novel، a valuable and objective approach based on scientific foundations. Its ideals are based on material evidence، and the novel is an important type of literature that has emerged on the literary scene، and it is an artistic، historical and ethical message that deals with social، emotional and historical issues and topics and is primarily within the literary field، and for every work and every novel has a structure and method of narration and it depends on the event، personality، time، narration، place and the most important The investigations in this regard is the study and analysis of the elements in the novel، and the novel has developed stages of development، including the Arabic novel، and to discern types of difference from the diversity of thought and doctrines for the Arabic novel، and the novel has become a status and status over other narrative arts، and I seek، through the study of the descriptive-analytical approach، that I agree in Addressing the elements in the novel "The Pipe of a City" by Abdul-Ridha Saleh Muhammad، and for the purpose of presenting the general ideas that the novel aims at by studying those narrative elements. Through the use of narrative techniques from time in time paradoxes through the technique of external، internal and mixing retrieval، internal and external anticipation and temporal rhythm of speeding up the narration in the summary and deleting and slowing down the narration in the endowment and the scene and from the structure of open and closed spaces. Clear purpose، content and purpose for the recipient in reading the novel

The research aims to
To identify the extent to which the content of history in the social textbooks of the primary stage includes the skills of historical thinking based on the standards of the American Society (NCHS)
As for the current research community, it was formed from the sociology books for the primary stage in the Republic of Iraq for the academic year (2020-2021), and the research sample consisted of the history content in the sociology book for the fourth grade of primary school and the history content in the social book for the fifth grade of primary school, the history content in a book Sociology for the sixth grade of primary school). To achieve the goal of the research, the researcher prepared a list of historical thinking skills based on the American standards (NCHS), and its validity was confirmed after being presented to a group of arbitrators. Absorbing the historical content, the skill of historical analysis and interpretation, the skill of developing methods of historical research and investigation, the skill of analyzing historical issues and making decisions). In order to ensure the stability of the analysis, the researcher used the method of analysis in agreement with the researcher with external analysts and by using the Holstey equation. The results of the research showed that the first skill (the skill of arranging events chronologically (chronological sequence)) is the most frequent skill in the content of social books for the primary stage, where Its percentage was (44.83%)

The researchers adopted the experimental model with equivalent groups with two post and pre-tests, as it corresponds to the objectives of the current research and according to this design, a sample of female students of the first intermediate grade from Rufaida Al-Aslamia High School for Girls in the Kirkuk Education Directorate was selected intentionally for the academic year (2018-2019) (semester First), and the research sample amounted to (79) students
The two researchers rewarded between the two research groups in a number of relevant variables, and for conducting the experiment, the researchers prepared an achievement test, the number of which reached (30) items. As for the thinking measure, it included (30) multiple-choice items distributed into five areas, each area divided into six paragraphs, each paragraph followed by three Alternatives (they apply to me a lot, they apply to me sometimes, they do not apply to me).
After applying the experiment, it was found through the results
1. The possibility of applying the strategy (electronic learning) to female students of the first intermediate grade in the subject of Arabic language and developing their logical thinking.
2. E-learning encouraged female students to actively participate in the classroom by reading the content of the subject matter, extracting ideas contained in it, constructing and posing questions, and including these questions electronically.

The Andalusian poet had a great interest from Arabs and others cultures , due to his literary output and his story with the birth of the daughter of Al-Mustaqfi. the researcher try to study the sources of the poet’s culture and get knowledge out of it and determine its genuineness and its depth and try to read Ibn Zaidoun product to know his culture sources and origins by linking between his texts and their origins, and returning them to their origins It was a wonderful research trip in the world of sources, references and collections of poetry ‏the researcher was reached to the depth of the cultural sources in the personality of the poet and his literary output the religious sources, Qur’an sources , had a great presence in his culture , also with different effect from the hadith, beliefs, and jurisprudence followed, we can see In the literary sources, the great influence of Arab poets and their literary was very clear before his culture that employed it in his poems in various forms in the historical side, Ibn Zaidoun's had a knowledge of history and heritage was evident, and this knowledge led him to use it in an elaborate manner and moving between facts and myths, lamenting cities, using proverbs and judgment and that culture growth from an environment that enabled him to assimilate it, and a civilized legacy that conveyed to him the news of the former, their products and their history, and these are important factors in building the poet’s personality, increasing his linguistic and intellectual achievement and broadening his horizon , by all these cultural sources were able Ibn Zaidoun to make it sources for his vocabulary and ideas, and tools for building his poems with high craftsmanship that gave him an advantage over other poets,although he used to direct most of his poetry towards his love for the daughter of Al-Mustaq birth and to defend about himself against his envious people and those who hate him so he left a great literary legacy that represents an important period of time in Arab-Andalusian literature

The means of transportation is one of the effective and basic elements in the uses of the land for transportation purposes, which have a direct and indirect impact on the change in the urban land uses, The aim of this research is to study and analyze the efficiency of the traffic situation in the city of Baquba, to indicate the capacity of the streets and their drainage capacity, and to diagnose areas of congestion and its causes ,This was done through the adoption of field statistics for the number of vehicles passing through the streets of the study area of different types and sizes and in two directions of entry and exit and during three time periods, (7:30 - 8:30) in the morning, (2-3) in the afternoon, (5-6) in the evening, and then converting those numbers into equivalent units for the standard vehicles using special coefficients for them, As the equivalent coefficient of cars increases with the increase in their size and the number of their passengers, for the purpose of forming a comprehensive vision that helps decision-makers in addressing and avoiding the resulting traffic problems for the reality of transportation uses in the city

This study aims to shed light on the electronic administrative decision and how it is implemented, especially after modern means of communication have become not limited to commercial activities, but also deal with administrative life, which resulted in the tendency of most departments to shift from the traditional administrative work to the electronic form, and to replace work Electronic instead of paper, in order to implement e-government, where the administration has become convinced of the urgent need for electronic means and the need to benefit from them and their precise and organized procedures in issuing administrative decisions leading to the development of electronic administrative decision

Nosocomial infection is diseases acquired by patients under medical care (1).Hospital acquired infection can be define as an infection acquired in hospital by a patient who admitted for a reason other than infection. Theses infection occur in hospital during operation or during injured or burning infection also occur in medical staff in hospital (2). Another new term called health care associated infections is refer to the type of infection occur when stay in hospital as a risk factors which may lead to death (2).In development countries was recorded a high rate as (75%) caused by theses infection(3). Some microorganisms in asymptomatic patients may be considered infection if microorganisms are found in found in body fluid or body site as a blood CSF or serum(4)In hospital increased some pathogenic such as toxoplasmosis , rubella, syphilis ,CMV and appear after 2days birth due to the incubation which was acquired trans-placenttaly(5). Hospital acquired infections (HAIs) are a major problems for low and middle-income countries which have limited healthcare resources (6).The risk of health-care-associated infection has been estimated to be (2-20) times higher in developing countries than that of resource-rich countries with the percentage of infected patients exceeding 25% (7).
The highest frequencies of acquired hospital infections reported from hospital in Eastern Mediterranean and South East Asia Regions are )11.8%( and )10.0%( respectively (8). Nosocomial infections increase the costs of healthcare due to added antimicrobial treatment and prolonged hospitalization. Since the prevalence of nosocomial infections is generally higher in developing countries with limited resources, the socio-economic burden is even more severe in these countries (9). Hospital acquired infections (HAI) present a serious problem in patient safety, resulting in increased mortality rates, prolonged hospital stays, and higher costs (10). According to the World Health Organization, a Hospital acquired infection is an infection acquired in hospital by a patient who was admitted for a reason other than that infection (6). This review summarizes the current knowledge on the risks of HAI

ان روايات عرض القران التي ذكرها أهل السنة وتمسك بها أكثرهم نتيجة للتواتر المزعوم لدى اكثرهم( ), وهنا نقول هل عرض جبرائيل القرآن عرضة أخيرة؟ وما هي هذه العرضة؟ وهل تطابق قراءة زيد بن ثابت ام لا؟ وهل العرضة الاخيرة ما وافقت قراءة زيد بن ثابت ام قراءة عبد الله بن مسعود؟ هذا ما يبنه الباحث خلال بحثه, وعند البحث والتدقيق فيها لا نجد لها اصلا عند الامامية وانها متضاربة عند اهل السنة انفسهم, وسيتضح من خلال البحث أنه لا ملازمة بين تواتر القرآن وعدم تواتر روايات العرض كما يزعمون؛ لوجود الاختلاف في الآراء حول روايات العرض بين الناس، فذهب جمع من علماء أهل السنة إلى تواترها عن (النبي صلى الله عليه وآله) وربما ينسب هذا القول إلى المشهور بينهم( ), وأفرط بعضهم بتكفير من لا يقول بتواتر القراءات السبع , وقد نسب هذا الرأي إلى مفتي البلاد الأندلسية أبي سعيد فرج ابن لب( ). والمعروف عند الشيعة أنها غير متواترة, بل القراءات بين ما هو اجتهاد من القارئ وبين ما هو منقول بخبر الواحد( ), واختار هذا القول جماعة من المحققين من علماء أهل السنة. وغير بعيد أن يكون هذا هو المشهور بينهم, وهذا القول هو الصحيح

The aim of research was to know the Effect of Using (5Rs) Model Upon Acquisition The Historical Concepts For Fourth-Grade Students And Development Their Positive Thinking, the researcher used the experimental design a partial adjustment of the two experimental and the control groups and with post test, researcher Division chose (a) to represent the experimental group taught according (5Rs) Model, Division (b) to represent the control group taught according to the traditional method ,the sample of students (60) by a school girls (30) students in each division. They equivalent in variables: age, intelligence, prior knowledge, previous achievement of History in the third grade. The researcher prepared her research tools as the test of acquisition of Historical concepts, and positive thinking test were verified validity and stability testing, The results showed superiority of the experimental group in the acquisition of historical concepts and positive thinking on the control group

This paper, entitled “Time and its Connotations in Abrahim Naji’s Poetry”, by the two researchers: Assistant Lecturer Dr Ahmed Tuma Herab and Assistant Lecturer Dr Ferha Aziz Mohsen, deals with the theme of time in the poetry of Abrahim Naji, the romantic poet who cast his poetry into poetic molds due to that he has been influenced by many cultural references, including: Arab heritage and Western romance. This research came with three sections: The first section dealt with time and its concept and term, in its linguistic and idiomatic dimensions.
As for the second section is concerned, we made use of a direct expression of time, dealing with time expressions and their implications in their both positive and negative sides.
While in the third section, we are concerned with the direct expression of time, dealing with the poet’s use of non-time words in the original, but he gained it a time dimension and carried it with multiple connotations, as well as the wording of time that the poet dealt with in the way of displacement to create new connotations