AL-Anbar University journal of Economic and Administration Sciences

Private banks face many challenges in Iraq, most notably the intense competition by government banks, which frustrated all attempts by these banks in the growth and development and to provide the best for the role of the various sectors of the economy. This study aimed at analyzing the shape and type of banking competition faced by private banks in Iraq, especially from government banks from hypothesis that bank mergers can generate big banking entities indicators raise the efficiency of these banks and reduce the risks.
Study concluded that most of these banks have the ability to merge with other banks, according to the results obtained from the logistic regression model, the study recommended that the government and the Central Bank of Iraq to exercise a bigger role in supporting the process of bank mergers to gain access to the banking sector is promising and developed and has the ability to face financial liberalization and the challenges of globalization and the global banking competition.

Referral system facilitates the provision of potential health centers and raise the efficiency of performance (such as tests laboratory or pictures radiograph or other) are not available in these centers to help to reach the diagnosis or follow-up the patient's condition . Does not mean referral transfer of responsibility but really participate and share responsibility for the care of the patient and requires to convert the exact details of the patient and his condition satisfactory to provide all the information is useful for a specialist and is usually done in a paper referral specially prepared for this purpose. The interest in and management of human resources has become an absolute necessity can not be any organization seeking to continue and achieve their goals that exceed . The functions of this management is the process of managing the process of change in an objective and continuous help in their development and their development and are relying on their results in many areas as numbers good policies of the institution through the selection of the most suitable persons , in addition to other features , as well as has been studied resistance to change , its causes and factors that reduce it and that applies . However, we found through field research and study of the state of change that have been applied recently in health institutions , namely, ( A referral system ), where we conducted a field study within the scope and limits of hospital modern public health centers of the health care sector where and extracted through the study, organizations or institutions with the tasks and duties services that have direct contact with the citizens and the performance of the process of change significantly affected by degree of satisfaction and acceptance quotient among citizens and the success or failure of this process as the purpose behind this change , which flows primarily to provide better health services , which automatically reflected on all the activities and work of human resources in all other organizations and institutions in a positive or a negative given that the individual always aspire to stability and security and to quality health services that are closely positively correlated with raise career among workers in all relevant organizations and institutions , public or private nature

The study concentrates on the improving the investment climate and its impact on developing countries , these countries seeking to progress and economic growth and always work to achieve that all means available .The appreciate and stimulating environment for investment of the important elements that must be provided to the events of economic development , However the financing of development in developing countries is one of the most important economic difficulties facing these countries due to poor financial resources and inability to cope with the economic and social needs .
In addition to the artistic and technical expertise , and without these two elements cannot be any country to guarantee the achievement of economic growth and social balance.
Hence , the need for foreign investment , which is the main channel for the transfer of capital and scientist expertise, among developed countries that have these elements and developing countries that lack one or both of these elements.
As long as that foreign investment can play a significant role in terms of the process of economic and social development , the developing countries ,including Iraq, seeking to polarization and encouragement on practicing the activity where , and recognizes these states that the volume of investment entrant on what you offered him incentives and legal protection .

In the resent eight-years, Turkish economy has been perfect performance. The economic policies that has been followed by the Turkish government to improve its economic performance have showed through the right macro-economy strategy with the protected financial policies and great frame reforms that have been applied since 2000,lead to mix Turkish economy with the globalization world. This issue has emerged through the improving performance of the industry sector because of following financial and monetary policies for the purpose of decreasing the averages of inflation and manifesting the role of direct foreign investment and promoting exportation through agreements and compacts, which settled on with trade organization in addition to many other economic agreements.
Despite of the global crisis that occurred in most countries, turkey got across this crisis and re-covered; although its negative effects in the role of direct foreign investment in industrial sector, that showed obviously through datas and statistics this variable and its ability to response or its activity in improvment the averages of industrial growth of Turkish economy.

The subject property from economic issues and humanitarian colorful
The subject property from economic issues and humanitarian colorful concepts, and its multiplicity of peoples and nations and this came Title Title (private property in Islam - a comparative study -) because Islam approved private ownership, and work to protect, and make it an absolute, but constrained not be exceeded , and the capital approved private property and made absolute in terms of class and gender, the right to act, and the Marxist socialism, does not recognize private ownership, ownership is behind many of the disadvantages of economic hit men, came this research to show the importance of ownership in the life of the individual and the community, in the light of Islamiclaw
concepts, and its multiplicity of peoples and nations and this came Title Title (private property in Islam - a comparative study -) because Islam approved private ownership, and work to protect, and make it an absolute, but constrained not be exceeded , and the capital approved private property and made absolute in terms of class and gender, the right to act, and the Marxist socialism, does not recognize private ownership, ownership is behind many of the disadvantages of economic hit men, came this research to show the importance of ownership in the life of the individual and the community, in the light of Islamiclaw

There is no doubt that small-scale industries play an important and vital role in the economic development of any country through contribution to the gross GDP, and contribute to increasing the capacity of innovations in addition to being represents a pressure key to attract manpower on the other hand, the importance of the role expected of these industries to expand the national economy, and is the best way to economic recovery due to its the facilities of the ease of air-conditioning and flexibility that make them able to combine development in both its economic and social growth, the research aims to identify the reality of small-scale industries for the period (2003-2011), relying on indicators analytical task (the productivity of the average worker's wage, productivity worker, the productivity of the dinar from wages, average per worker of production requirements, the value of production requirements on the value of production, the contribution of small industrial establishments in GDP, and represented the research problem limited and fluctuations contribution in the Economic development in economic indicators, represented by (the number of establishments, number of workers, wages and benefits, the value of production and value of production requirements),and suppose research show that industrial projects small in Iraq contribute to improving GDP growth through the possibility of improving labor productivity and increase the value, was adopted data of the Central Bureau of Statistics, reports of industrial facilities Small in Iraq for the period of research , was reached a number of conclusions found through analysis and an inverse relationship between the number of employees and production value, which confirms the existence of a form of disguised unemployment and lack of exploitation of human resources in an efficient, and there is a direct correlation between the number of facilities and production value, the greater the number increased with volume production to some extent, and this applies with the operative part of economic theory, and the results confirmed the existence of a positive relationship between each of the inputs and the output value , meaning that the increased production requirements lead to increased production and vice versa.

This research aims at defining the effective of consumptive and family size in expenditure on food goods of people in Ramadi city depending on data which collected by questionnaire tool which is allocate to the people city .Data was analyze by statistical method by use of SPSS program
The result of research appearances the goods food is disbursement elasticity is(0.627) this meaning the goods food very important for families ,The result was conform with economic theory and marginal propensity to consume is (0.216) that meaning the income increase going to expenditure on goods food. The important recommendations was certainly to make wipe by statistical officer in ramadi city to now what the people favorites of goods food to shoring it to attainment the best stage of refection to people of Ramadi city.

This research seeks to determine the extent of the possibility of adopting the bank merger strategy to rising with the Iraqi banking sector, which is facing great problems and challenges under of the requirements of the Iraqi Central Bank, particularly with related with the capital increasing to support their ability to face the risks of banking business. The research takes the Iraqi private banks listed on the Iraqi Stock Exchange as a sample for the research. After analyzing the reality of the banks work, the research sample by using a set of financial indicators. The research concludes to the basic result that adopting the merger strategy between banks that could change the trends of the work of the Iraqi bank market that provide this strategy of special advantages related to the experience and the modern technology as well as getting on a larger market share.

Addresses current research explanation, presentation and comment on the dimensions of the theoretical and practical work pressures that surround environment faculty during his performance university, and that these pressures reflect negatively on this performance, so it tries to find the current diagnosis of the real reasons that contribute to increased stress in teacher university who works in colleges government and private, and appropriate treatment by the Supreme departments represented under the chairmanship of the department and Dean. Has distributed the questionnaire on a number of Tdrisie College of Management and Economics (University of Baghdad and Al-Mustansiriya), warranty bodies, represented (40) teaching, and professors the Faculty of Administration and Economics (Mesopotamia and safe) warranty bodies, represented (40) teaching, has been analyzing data based on the arithmetic mean and the standard deviation and the severity of the answer. The research found the most important factors that lead to the pressures of the work of university professor is the loss of job security, lack of discipline of students in attendance and the failure to take action firm against them, which generates a state of confusion in the classroom, and commitments Administrative imposed on teachers, which increases the workload in the performance of his work and hinders his research and creative activity.

The research aims at explaining entrepreneurial organization concept, characters, and obstacles to transformation towards entrepreneurial organization. While the research focuses in its practical side on obstacles that college of administration and economic faces in its aim transformation towards entrepreneurial organization starting from: Insufficient knowledge, technical obstacles, regulation routine, financial barriers, bound of top management, lack of enabling and sociality, lack of role models, and decline of output quality. In addition to Determining necessary requirements to treat entrepreneurship obstacles. The research has come up with that: the organization suffers from many obstacles, but with different ratio. Finally the research tries to introduce solution and proposals to overcome entrepreneurship obstacles investigated in present research.

The research was concerned on the relationship between the environmental and financial performance. The main object of the study was identification the extent of the obligation the soft drinks companies in Kirkuk city. The study tried to examine tow hypothesis, these are: 1) there is a significant correlation relation between the environmental and financial performance, 2) there is a significant relation effects between the environmental and financial performance. The statistical inference has not proved that there is a powerful significantly correlation between the environmental and financial performance, and then the coefficient of correlation was recorded (0,579). To be suspended the second hypothesis, the study was not proved it, the research not found that there is a significant relation effects between the two types of performance, the level of (R2) amounted to (33.5%).

This search aims at determining the role of human capital components such as (education and training, talent and skill, knowledge) in the possibility of the application of e-marketing in "Al-hokamaa company for drugs industry in the province of Nineveh through proving the research main hypotheses which state expecting the existence of significant correlation and impact between human capital components and the possibility of the application of e-marketing in the researched organization through statistical analysis of the collected data by the distributed questionnaire for a sample of (40) director of the departments and units of the researched organization. The reach ends with set of conclusions which confirm the existence of significant correlation and impact between these components and the possibility of the application of e. marketing , in a way that leads to presenting some recommendations, such as the necessity for organizations in general and the researched ones in particular should take car of human resources, arriving at owning qualified, trained, knowledgeable and experienced human capital , in addition to the necessity of trying the application of e-marketing.

This research aims to identify the role of social capital in achieving competitive advantage in private banks in the Governorate of Baghdad amounted to (4) banks were selected (50) an employee of them to be the research sample, and to achieve the goal of search and seeing through research and studies foreign adopted researchers of scales to measure the variables of the research, it has been relying on scales used in Arab Studies, including a study (Dulaimi, 2009) to represent the dimensions of social capital (Cognitive, structural, Relationship), due to the attention of organizations to achieve competitive advantage, called for the need to pay attention to a goal seeks to achieve organizations to achieve high performance by relying on a scale (Roussan, 2007) to measure competitive advantage, has been used questionnaire of the data collection, and using a number of ways statistical validation research hypotheses as (mean and standard deviation and coefficient of simple correlation and Structural Equation modeling (SEM), and analyzed by statistical software (LISREL 8.54), (SPSS V.21), The results of the search matched to most assumptions in light of its findings and formulated thereon a set of recommendations of the most important of the interested banks, the study sample components of social capital, because it encourages and greatly enhances to create a work environment that interested in the social aspects to achieve excellence.

The forensic audit of the relatively modern approach, which make it an urgent need for many of the established rules and established theories. It led to God we refer to the book and the Sunnah of His Messenger Muhammad in the deal, has shown us the miner of financial transactions and general rules. a lot of Muslims succeeded in the work to establish the financial institutions based on this Islamic approach, and that they were those who made it are not specialized in legal provisions which required the presence of auditor legitimate the audit objective information (financial information and a standard such as the distribution of profits) and Information Self (opinion forensic The opinions and standards) to ensure compliance of forensic. This is done through periodic assessment carried out from time to time to provide an independent assessment objective and ensure that there is an effective internal control system and consistent matching legitimacy. The problem with search that is still a lot of financial institutions lack the application of audit legitimate, especially in administrative decisions strategy, making a lot of people in a dubious deal with. Has research on the fundamental premise and one that "The existence of the audit legitimate Islamic financial institutions will confer reassurance the shareholders and customers of that senior management is committed to the laws of God and the Sunnah of His in its dealings making profit solver not tainted by suspicion. "Has been adopted descriptive approach and analytical approach in the formulation of research. For that divided Search according to themes which he addressed the conceptual framework for the scrutiny, legitimate functions and justifications applied it was then conducting a prospective study for the application in a sample of Iraqi banks.

The ostensive goal of this paper is to diagnose the role of dominant organizational Culture in the interested organization to improve Money Laundering Phenomenon through the application in Al Rafidain Bank which is considered one of the important economic organizations.
The problem of the paper is imitated a number of certain questions. Here are some of the more important questions: what is the nature and contain of the organizational culture in the interested organization. What are the economic and social influences of Money laundering phenomenon. Does the organizational culture have an active role to improve Money laundering phenomenon. Is there any relation of moral implication between the organizational culture and improvement of money laundering? Is there any effect to the role of organizational culture to improve money laundering phenomenon?
In order to fulfill the particular aim of this paper and answering certain questions and hypotheses, this paper is applied to the certain group of (44) person. The reliable process is the questionnaire as the main procedures to collect the appropriate responses to the nature of the paper by using particular statistical materials.
The consequences of the paper explores that there aren't any moral influences of organizational culture to improve money laundering phenomenon.

This study aims to identify the role of information technology in achieving competitive advantage in the two national insurance and Iraqi and then apply the descriptive analytical approach in this study using a questionnaire and then distributed to a random sample of the staff of the two companies and clear from the study that the insurance company Iraq contributed to the application of information technology and the through achieve weight ratio percentile as was this pain Centennial weight ratio, which amounts to 86.60% compared to achieved the same weight ratio percentile to the axis of the competitive advantage as 86.60% As for the National Insurance Company has contributed through the application of information technology as it reached percentile weight ratio of less than compared to Iraqi Insurance Company And by 86% against the achieved competitive advantage as Centennial total weight by 77%, which is too high.