Journal of the College of Islamic Sciences

The science of faith is one of the most honorable, highest, most valuable, and most necessary sciences to seek, as the value of any science is measured by its subject, and there is no subject more honorable than faith, as it relates to the greatest being, which is Allah, the Almighty. This science examines fundamental issues that scholars of theology have classified into three main sections: theology, prophecies, and auditory matters. Given the importance of these issues in human life, they have received the attention of scholars and thinkers throughout the ages, as they relate to the relationship of servants with their Creator, the Almighty. One of the most prominent topics of faith is “auditory matters,” which deal with matters of the unseen that minds are unable to perceive the truth of independently, and there is no way to know them except through divine revelation. For this reason, these issues were of great importance that prompted scholars to pay attention to them, by proving them and responding to those who deny them. Among the unseen matters that scholars have been interested in are the throne and the chair, which are among the greatest creations of Allah, and they have a special place in Islamic faith. In this context, the title of my research is: “Imam Al-Baqa’i and his views on the Throne and the Chair in his interpretation, Nazm Al-Durar,” as the research deals with Imam Al-Baqa’i’s view of this issue, explaining his approach in his interpretation, and his most important views on this important metaphysical topic.

Research Summary
The esteemed scholar Ibn Hisham Al-Ansari was a distinguished leader in his field, surpassing his peers and leaving a lasting legacy that challenges future generations. His contributions to the Arabic linguistic sciences, evidenced by his numerous works, have left a scholarly wealth that still requires further study to benefit students. One of his prominent works is Sharh Qatr al-Nada wa Ball al-Sada, which is an essential reference in the science of grammar. In this book, the author focuses primarily on discussing and establishing grammatical rules, often citing Quranic readings as evidence. Numerous Quranic readings are referenced in the book, though many are presented briefly and without attribution to specific readers.
Since Quranic readings are among the strongest proofs for Arabic grammar rules and dialects, this research aims to compile and document the authentic Quranic readings from reliable sources on Quranic readings. This will facilitate for scholars and students the identification of the authentic, mutawatir (widely transmitted) readings that can serve as a foundation for their studies. I ask Allah to make this work sincerely for His sake and to make it knowledge that benefits others, amen.

This research addresses the issue of forced sexual intercourse between spouses from a legal and religious perspective to illustrate the relevant provision of the 2011 Act of Combating Domestic Violence in Kurdistan Region which refers to the phenomenon as an act of family violence and sentences the perpetrator for imprisonment and fine, or one of the two punishments.
The study begins with an introductory argument which is the elucidation of the concept of marital relations and domestic violence in Sharia and law in which the author argues that the use of the term ‘marital relation’ as a reference to ‘sexual relation or sexual contact’ between spouses is inaccurate. Additionally, the definition of domestic violence in the law entails many flaws and contradictions with the other relevant legal provisions in force in Iraq and Kurdistan Region.
The research further includes two main arguments. The first argument discusses the nature of the marital relations established by Sharia and law through marriage contract and accordingly, sexual intercourse between spouses is considered an established right by Sharia and law and neither of the two may prevent a spouse from exercising this right without an excuse. In addition to that the husband must have intercourse with his wife in a good manner, according to his ability and her need to protect her chastity and the wife must similarly allow her husband to sexually enjoy her when there is no excuse, in order to protect his chastity. Otherwise, the wife's refusal to husband’s sexual need is considered disobedience and noncompliance which eventually poses legal and Sharia consequences.
The research moreover in its second main argument, deals with the roots of the ruling on forced marital intercourse in Sharia and law and concludes that the forced intercourse with wife is inconsistent with the right of mutual enjoyment between spouses but it constitutes not an offense and establishes not any criminal responsibility. Additionally, the forced intercourse with one’s wife is similarly not considered rape as she is sexually permissible for her husband by virtue of their marriage contract. In other words, the crime of rape is only perpetrated when the sexual intercourse is unlawful.
The research is generally keen to encompass the most correct relevant opinion and make comparisons between the legal and Sharia rulings along with the demonstration of the similarities and differences between the two legal systems.

The idea of this research revolves around addressing the discrepancy between the short lifespan of the Ummah of our Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and the accomplishment of righteous deeds that require long lifespans to achieve their rewards and virtues. This solution lies in shortening time by multiplying intentions and increasing rewards through easy actions that carry great merit. The study also clarifies that this solution is a honor to the Prophet of this Ummah, our master Muhammad (peace be upon him). Therefore, the research aims to strengthen this approach by citing and referencing some texts from the Qur’an and the Prophetic Sunnah to draw out the important results intended from this study.

Grammar is one of the basic sciences in the Arabic language, as it is concerned with understanding the structure of sentences and controlling meanings. Among the scholars who contributed significantly in this field, Al-Kharashi stands out, who is known for his unique style in explaining Al-Ajrumiyyah, which is a brief grammatical text by Imam Al-Sanhaji, which in turn is considered a basic reference for the study of Arabic grammar, and the abbreviation was appropriate for the people of his time. Al-Kharashi's method of explanation was distinguished by clarity and accuracy, as he sought to simplify complex grammatical rules and explain them in a style that suits the level of beginners and learners. Al-Kharashi benefited from the style that relies on the language of the Holy Qur’an, the Prophet’s Hadith, and Arabic poetry, which gave his explanation an Islamic cultural character. He also excelled in interpretation and analysis, indicating the importance of each grammatical rule in enhancing eloquence and rhetoric.

Abstract:
This study addresses one of the contemporary issues that has recently gained significant attention: the inclusion of insects in food, a topic sparked by the European Union's decision. This matter has profound implications for Muslims living in the West and Muslims worldwide, given the global distribution of European food products. The importance of this research lies in its focus on a modern issue requiring precise jurisprudential consideration, as it pertains to the Islamic legal ruling on incorporating insects into food based on the governing principles and foundations of Islamic dietary laws regarding permissibility and prohibition.
The research problem revolves around the legal ruling on this matter, particularly in light of scientific advancements that have altered the nature of food products and methods of production. Accordingly, the study raises a central question: Is incorporating insects into food permissible in Islamic law? What are the principles and jurisprudential guidelines governing this issue?
The researcher employed a multifaceted scientific approach, including:
1. Descriptive Method: To present the reality of the insects intended for food inclusion, their usage methods, and the motivations behind this trend.
2. Deductive Method: To examine the textual evidence from the Quran and Sunnah related to the consumption and classification of insects.
3. Analytical Method: To apply the jurisprudential reasoning related to the description of "carrion" and analyze it in light of industrial processes used.
The study concluded that the description of "carrion" applies to insects added to food, rendering them originally impermissible in Islamic law. However, an exception exists in the case of chemical transformation (istihalah), as stipulated by the International Islamic Fiqh Academy, which may render such consumption permissible.

Research Summary
It is evident to those familiar with the sources and principles of Islamic law, as well as its wisdom and objectives, that it plays a profound role in addressing people's needs and alleviating hardships. It also demonstrates its ability to adapt to their evolving circumstances and conditions.
Among the sources established and acknowledged by Islamic law is custom (‘urf), which allows researchers to appreciate the beauty of Islamic jurisprudence in its adaptability, ability to confront developments, and alignment with all that is new, without deviating from its recognized principles or undermining its foundational tenets.
Custom has a significant impact on many issues and branches of Islamic jurisprudence, including issues related to dowries (mahr), which will be the focus of this research. The study aims to highlight the influence of considering the objectives of custom in these matters, emphasizing the values of ease and compassion towards people. Taking into account the customs and circumstances of individuals, in terms of time and place, aligns with the principle of facilitation and serves as one of the key objectives of Islamic law.

Islamic law has ensured that Muslims are not burdened with what they cannot bear, granting them certain concessions. Given the importance of this topic, I sought to shed light on the types of concessions (rukhsah) according to the Hanafi school of thought. This research includes the definition of rukhsah linguistically and terminologically, as well as its types and classifications in Hanafi jurisprudence, distinguishing between a real (permissive) concession and a metaphorical (exemptive) concession. Additionally, it presents practical examples of rukhsah in Hanafi fiqh. In the conclusion, I have outlined the key findings of this blessed research.

The science of faith is the most noble of sciences in status, the highest in position, the most obligatory in requirement, and the most exalted in value. The honor of knowledge is in the honor of its subject, and there is no science more honorable than the science of faith. Because it is related to the most honorable being, which is Allah (), and the Islamic creed is a creed that is in accordance with human nature. Allah the Almighty said: “And verily, We have revealed to you the Book of Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, and ... Fourth: The Path, the fifth requirement: Intercession. I took into consideration the sequence of events on the Day of Judgment when arranging the requirements. The research presented correct evidence and the statements of scholars and commentators from the explicit and reliable verses, and the explained and transmitted hadiths, avoiding weak and fabricated evidence. I tried as much as possible to combine the two statements, relying on books of language and commentaries, books specific to the Sunnis, and books specific to the Mu’tazila. Then I mentioned the conclusion to clarify the most important results

This study aims to show the importance of the Qur’anic stories in rooting for the preservation of the human soul. The research was organized into two sections: the first: introducing the Qur’anic story and the five necessities, and the second topic: preserving the necessity of preserving the soul by tracing evidence from the Qur’anic stories and its impact on preserving the necessity of preserving the soul. The soul in terms of existence and nothingness, then the conclusion came to record the most important results of the research, and praise be to God, Lord of the worlds.

This study can be summarized from the title: ((Financing the benefits of education in Islamic banks - Cihan Bank for Investment and Islamic Finance - a model)), and from an introduction to the research that included all the elements of the research, and consisted of financing benefits, their nature, forms, and motives, through four demands. The second section included the jurisprudential adaptation of financing the benefits of education of the Cihan Bank for Investment and Islamic Finance in financing the benefits of education, and included several demands. The study then touched on the characteristics and advantages of financing the benefit of education at Cihan Bank, then delving into the legal steps for financing the benefits of education. Then the study addressed the steps for financing the benefits of education at Cihan Bank, while explaining the legal ruling on financing the benefit in the bank itself.
The study concluded that Cihan Bank relies on the “leasehold” formula in financing the financing benefit. The benefit is money, and compensation for it is legitimate, and the criterion in the lease described in the liability: is achieving the specifications required for the benefit and achieving the controls of the financing mechanism, and the study concluded that financing the benefit of education in Cihan Bank is permissible according to Sharia law if it adheres to its conditions, controls, and implementation mechanism.

Abstract
The study aims to determine the level of anxiety about having a child with disabilities among female teachers in special education centers in the Duhok Governorate center, Iraq. This research is significant as it explores an unstudied Sample within the local context and examines the impact of variables such as the number of children, years of marriage, and years of service on this feeling of anxiety.
The researcher used a descriptive approach and intentionally selected a sample of married female teachers from government special education centers in Duhok Governorate center for the 2023-2024 academic year. Due to the small population size of 30 teachers, the study included the entire population. A tool to measure childbirth anxiety was developed, and its validity and reliability were confirmed using apparent validity and Cronbach’s Alpha method, respectively. Statistical analysis was performed using arithmetic means, t-tests for one and two independent samples, one-way analysis of variance, and Cronbach’s Alpha equation.
The results indicated that the level of anxiety about having a child with disabilities among female teachers is low. There is no significant relationship between the number of children and the level of anxiety. Similarly, the years of marriage and years of service do not significantly influence the level of anxiety about having children among special education teachers. Based on these findings, the researcher provided several recommendations and suggestions.

This research examines the rulings of prayer through three narrations of the noble companion Al-Bara’ ibn Azib (may Allah be pleased with him). The study addresses key issues such as the manner of performing Takbirat al-Ihram, maintaining tranquility in prayer, and the method of descending into prostration (sujood). It explores the opinions of scholars supported by evidence, along with discussions and counterarguments. The research concludes by favoring certain views, including that the manner of Takbirat al-Ihram is to raise the hands parallel to the shoulders, the obligation of tranquility in prayer according to the majority of scholars, and that descending into prostration should be done on the knees rather than the hands, as preferred by most scholars. This research aims to enrich the Islamic library with a specialized jurisprudential study on the rulings of prayer and to emphasize the significance of prayer movements and following the example of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him).
Methodology:
This research focuses on three narrations of the noble companion Al-Bara’ ibn Azib (may Allah be pleased with him) and is divided into three main sections, each containing two subsections with further detailed branches.
Section One: The Hadith on Takbirat al-Ihram
This section discusses the description of raising the hands during Takbirat al-Ihram, its meaning, and its form, along with the views of scholars from various schools of thought on this matter, and concludes with the most supported opinion.
Section Two: The Hadith on Tranquility in Prayer
This section explores the concept of tranquility during prayer movements, such as bowing (ruku‘) and prostration (sujood). It explains its meaning and form, and presents the scholars' opinions along with their evidence.
Section Three: The Hadith on the Method of Descending into Prostration
This section examines the method of descending into prostration in prayer, its meaning, and form, alongside the opinions of scholars on this issue, ultimately determining the most supported opinion.

In the name of Allah, praise be to Allah, prayers and peace be upon those whom Allah has chosen and upon all his companions.
This research deals with self-centeredness in the Jewish religion, extrapolating, analyzing and rooting for the concept of self-centeredness and self-absorption in the framework defined by the teachings of both doctrinal and intellectual texts, that framework that clothed the Jewish personality with the dress of holiness with alleged divine constructions, adding to it the advantage of the divine choice of a human category without others from the rest of according to a careful approach, based on hatred, intolerance and hostility against the people of other nations, which made it an advocate of enslavement, enslavement and tyranny Robbing all those who do not belong to this category, and even exterminating and eliminating them with all the brutality and ugliness, these actions promised a sacred religious duty, imposing a special kind of arrogant class treatment, and far from the moral aspect based on tolerance, Virtue and peace.

Abstract
The importance of the study is to identify the level of academic compatibility among preparatory stage students and to know the difference between males and females in the level of academic compatibility in the center of Duhok Governorate. To achieve the objectives of this study, the researchers used the descriptive inferential approach, and this sample affects the adult research community, numbering (25,681) male and female students in an advanced stage in the center of Duhok Governorate. A random sample of (200) students was selected accurately. The researchers prepared the academic compatibility scale, which consisted of (32) paragraphs and statistical data correction using the SPSS program. They also contributed to the T-test and the two-way analysis of variance regarding the extent of compatibility with students according to the gender variables (males and females). The results showed statistically significant differences between males and females in the level of academic adjustment among middle school students. This is to encourage them to raise their academic level. As well as to conduct studies on the psychological relationship with academic adjustment, and to study the impact of academic self-efficacy on the level of academic adjustment.

The Prophetic methodology in calling to Allah is distinguished by its remarkable and exceptional characteristics, forming a comprehensive model that integrates wisdom, good exhortation, and debate in the best manner. This methodology is based on divine revelation and is in harmony with human nature. The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) embodied a holistic approach in his Da’wah, sometimes characterized by mercy and gentleness, and at other times by firmness and seriousness, depending on the condition and readiness of the audience.
This research examines the foundations of the Prophetic Da’wah, providing examples, as well as exploring its characteristics and methods. It further analyzes the impact of this approach on people’s acceptance of Islam, its expansion, the reinforcement of its values, and its role in guiding humanity throughout history.

This research addresses the topic of madhhab-based juristic opinions on dealing with contemporary medical issues through an in-depth jurisprudential study that explores the challenges faced by Islamic jurisprudence in applying legal rulings to modern medical matters. The study begins with an introduction to the concept of medical advancements and their rapid developments, followed by an examination of the requirements for ijtihad in medical matters, emphasizing the need for both deep knowledge of Islamic law and specialized understanding of medical sciences. The research also delves into the methodology of dealing with medical innovations, particularly through the lens of sharī'ah objectives, which aim to preserve human welfare and provide legitimate medical care.
The research further investigates jurisprudential applications of contemporary medical advancements, focusing on emerging medical issues such as organ transplantation, artificial insemination, and cloning. In this context, multiple juristic opinions from various Islamic schools of thought are examined, reflecting their approaches to these new medical issues.
Additionally, the study addresses jurisprudential principles influencing the handling of medical innovations, emphasizing the role of balancing benefits and harms, the importance of medical consultation in issuing legal rulings on medical matters, and the impact of temporal and spatial contexts on juristic decisions. The research highlights how temporal developments affect legal rulings regarding new medical technologies.
Finally, the study offers important recommendations on how to develop methodologies for ijtihad in addressing emerging medical issues, stressing the need for Islamic jurisprudence to keep pace with medical advancements in a way that aligns with sharī'ah objectives, without compromising on foundational legal principles.
Keywords:

The science of interpretation has the specificity of renewal according to the requirements of circumstances and conditions, and the aspirations of Muslims of every age, and from this renewal the light of objective interpretation appears, which is considered a new art and method in which the past and present meet to achieve a better future for the Islamic nation.
Therefore, I prepared this research entitled (Verses of hatred and discontent that frustrate work in the light of the Holy Quran, Surah Muhammad ﷺ as a model - an objective study_), and it included four demands and a conclusion, as follows:
The first demand: Definition of the vocabulary of the title in language and terminology.
The second demand: The reasons for hatred and discontent that frustrate work.
The third demand: The objective interpretation of the verses of hatred and discontent.
The fourth demand: Their worldly and otherworldly effects.
The conclusion included the most important result

In our current era, the world is witnessing a revolution in the field of artificial intelligence(AI). Its effects have emerged in various aspects of life (such as medicine, engineering, manufacturing, and media…). This necessitates that education ministries study this new and emergent phenomenon responsibly and develop their policies and approaches to keep up with modern industrial developments.
From here, it is essential to address some important questions:
1. What is meant by artificial intelligence, and what is its reality?
2. What impact does it have on education when appropriately employed?
3. What is the significance of fundamental artificial intelligence applications in education?

Jurisprudential principles serve as a practical summary of Islamic jurisprudence and function as a codification of Sharia rulings, as they are generally derived from Islamic law. Recently, the study of jurisprudential principles has become widespread, attracting the attention of scholars and researchers in religious studies in general and in jurisprudential studies in particular. These scholars have elaborated on, analyzed, and provided evidence for these principles, constructing rulings based on them. They serve as general guidelines and fixed laws from which Sharia rulings are extracted.
There are numerous principles, with general principles applicable to Islamic law and specific principles unique to each school of thought. Among the well-known and widely accepted general principles across all schools of thought is the principle "Hardship begets ease." This principle is one of the most important and frequently applied in Islamic jurisprudence, addressing the aspect of ease within Islamic law. This aspect is significant, underpinning many Sharia rulings, and is evident in every area of jurisprudence where this principle is clearly manifested.
In this way, we will explore some of its applications throughout our research, demonstrating the critical importance of this principle through the numerous related jurisprudential branches.

This study is summed up in shedding light on the study of one of the Stories of the prophets that has been described as the best stories, Which is the story of the Prophet of God, Joseph, peace be upon him.
In my research, I have addressed the subject of the acquittal of the Prophet of God, Joseph, peace be upon him, from the charges to which He was exposed, which were among the trials he went through.ainst Joseph of trying to attack her, as well as the accusation of theft that was Brought against him when he was young, and then I discussed the ways Of proving innocence that were mentioned in the context of his story, Peace be upon him, from the testimony of witnesses and the confession Of Al-Aziz’s wife, and the clear evidence. These evidences were more Certain of the innocence of Joseph, peace be upon him, than this. Counts.

This research included a study and investigation on part of the manuscript of Al-Rawd Al-Anisi on the Great Al-Sanusi by Ahmad bin Ahmad Ibn Awad Al-Maqdisi Al-Hanbali (d. 1182 AH), as it is considered one of the most important books in the principles of religion and the Islamic doctrine. I investigated this part by relying on two copies of the manuscript, and presented this investigation with a study. The author's life included his life, his elders, his peers, his scientific influences, and his death, and then there is the verified text with commentary on some of the phrases that need comment. This study was from the middle of the manuscript, from his saying: (Even if there are among them those who deny the words of the soul) to his saying: ( Such as God Almighty’s judgment of existence) study and investigation. This research is part of my doctoral thesis at Tikrit University / College of Education for Human Sciences / Department of Qur’anic Sciences and Islamic Education. There is a conclusion that included the most important results.

Peter, or Simon Peter, is one of the twelve apostles whose names are agreed upon in Christian sources. Jesus Christ (peace be upon him) called him by this name when he first met him and called him to follow him. This is evident in the text cited by John about Christ's calling of Peter. Peter grew up in the town of Bethsaida, his birthplace, as stated in the Gospel of John: "Bethsaida, the town of Andrew and Peter." The name Peter also appears in Christ's election of the trio (Peter, James, and John) to watch with Him on the last night.

Afterward, it is with great pleasure that we participate in your conference with our research titled "No Slavery After the Geneva Convention Based on the Objectives of Islamic Jurisprudence."
We chose this title after noticing the global media's concerted effort to distort the image of Islamic law, accusing it of being the cause of slavery. Therefore, the researchers were keen to dispel this misconception and attempt to highlight the clear and just nature of Islamic legislation through this humble research.
It is well known that the objectives of Sharia (Islamic law) play a significant role in determining legal rulings. In this research, we address this issue after the Geneva Convention's established work on prohibiting slavery of war captives.
The research is composed of an introduction, a preface, three main sections, a conclusion, and recommendations. The introduction highlights the importance of the subject, and in the preface, we provide definitions. As for the first section, it was titled "The Impact of the Objectives in Sharia Rulings." Given the numerous practical examples, we selected various cases that align with the scope of the research and were careful to choose examples from the rulings of the Rightly Guided Caliphs to show the reader that the use of objectives in legal reasoning is rooted in the understanding of the early generations of Muslims regarding the texts and rulings. The examples are as follows:

1. The compilation of the Qur’an into one single manuscript during the time of Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him), despite the absence of a direct hadith from the Prophet (peace be upon him) on this matter. This was a Sharia objective aimed at preserving the faith, with the directive to protect it being well-established, and preventing any grounds for differences over its foundation, which is the Qur’an.
2. Umar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) suspended the punishment for theft during the "Year of Famine" (عام الرمادة), using a reasoning that understood the underlying objectives of the law. Theft in this case was driven by the need to preserve life, and hunger provided a strong justification to suspend the punishment, as the conditions necessary for its application were not met. This decision aligns with the objectives for which legal rulings were established.
3. Uthman ibn Affan (may Allah be pleased with him) issued a fatwa to gather lost camels, sell them, and deposit their price in the Bayt al-Mal (Muslim treasury), recognizing that the protection of Muslims' wealth was a duty of the caliph. His action was in line with the objective of preserving the property of the Muslim community.
4. Ali ibn Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him) ruled that the punishment for drinking alcohol should be eighty lashes, whereas there had previously been no fixed number for this penalty. His ruling was based on the objective of protecting the intellect, since its loss leads to confusion and false accusations. This was also in consideration of the Sharia objectives.
The second section was titled "The Abolition of Slavery as a Sharia Objective." In this section, we discussed how Islam addressed the institution of slavery and highlighted the numerous texts that encouraged the emancipation of slaves, making it a means of salvation from the punishment of Allah in the Hereafter. Emancipation was considered a path to righteousness. Furthermore, slavery was abolished in many forms of atonement (Kaffarat), and part of the Zakat (charity) funds were designated for freeing slaves. Additionally, the Sharia encouraged the writing of contracts for slaves who had a craft, allowing them to pay their masters the amount they had paid for them in exchange for their freedom. Thus, we understand that the abolition of slavery is a clear objective of Sharia.
The third section addressed "Islamic Law’s Stance on Agreements that Align with the Objectives of the Lawgiver," both among Muslims and with non-Muslims, emphasizing that such agreements must be honored and cannot be violated, including the Geneva Convention's agreement to prohibit slavery. The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) stated about a similar agreement: "I witnessed a pact in the house of Abdullah ibn Jad'aan that I would not exchange for red camels, and if I were called to it in Islam, I would respond."
In the conclusion, the researchers summarized the key findings and recommended that this ruling be discussed in scholarly legal assemblies to counter the misconceptions surrounding Islamic law.

The wise minds went to extract his machines and to navigate in his retreat and dive in his depths, our research was tagged (Quranic readings abnormal in Surat Al-Fatihah - offer and guidance) We explained the term "anomalies" in the readers, and it meant what came out of the readings from the elements of the frequent reading

The research focuses on linking the science and foundations of negotiation in two incidents of the origin of Islam in the Makkah and Madinah era (before and after the Prophet's migration to his death) and benefiting from them in creating foundations for this negotiation and adding them to the science of Sharia policy, such as: taking into account the preservation of the purposes of Sharia, taking into account the rule of warding off spoils by bringing interests, documentation and writing and taking into account the time periods and circumstances, choosing the negotiator carefully, taking into account the human side, knowing the reality and foreseeing the future and studying it, determining the goals of negotiation before negotiation and Shura.

The research entitled "Conjoined Twins in Islamic Jurisprudence" deals with the issue of conjoined twins in terms of defining them, explaining their causes and types, and explaining the provisions related to their inheritance. The research concluded with the most important results and recommendations.
The research concluded the following: The phenomenon of conjoined twins is a real, realistic phenomenon, the percentage of which is increasing significantly. It means: two identical, fully formed children who are conjoined in any part of the body, born in one womb, and each of them has an independent life, and they have their own provisions. As for inheritance, the reference is to whether they are one or two. If they are two, then they are treated as two. However, if the twins are considered one by doctors, then they are treated as one, and this is in all inheritance provisions.