Nasaq

The study aims to identify the relationship between the variables of social integration and life skills among divorced women working at university, as well as the levels of both social integration and life skills among divorced women working at university, and the differences between the two variables in light of the variables (duration of separation, place of residence, and economic level). Two five-alternative tools were constructed, the first to measure social integration and the second to measure life skills. They were applied to (126 divorcees). The results showed that there is a statistically significant relationship between the two variables and the presence of an average level of social integration and a low level of life skills. There are no differences in social integration attributed to the duration of separation (more than - less than 5 years). There are no differences in life skills according to the duration of separation (more than - less than 5 years). There are differences in integration in favor of divorcees who live in rural areas. There are no differences in life skills according to place of residence. There are differences in social integration in favor of divorcees with an average economic level. There are no statistically significant differences between the average scores of the sample according to the economic level in the life skills scale. The researcher came up with a set of recommendations and proposals.

The educational philosophy of active learning is based on constructivist cognitive frameworks that emphasize the necessity of using modern, contemporary strategies in education by the teacher and working to stimulate learners’ motivation to acquire knowledge and information on their own, as well as the necessity of their participation in producing that knowledge and making it in an integrated format and system in the learners’ cognitive structures. Which contributes to the development of their mental, cognitive and intellectual abilities, and the basis for active learning is for the learner to perform various types of thinking processes, produce ideas, invent solutions and participate in them when faced with educational problems.
The researcher believes through the above that educational research and theories in the current years have proven that active learning is the most appropriate and best thing that has been presented to the educational process, and this is confirmed by everything that has been published, produced and used in the educational arena, as most of the research conducted on active learning strategies has proven its success and feasibility in Most branches and fields, and this became clear when reviewing all educational research.

The current research aims to identify the effect of using the Merder and Hayes strategies on the achievement of the fifth grade literary students in the Kurdish grammar subject. (20) students in the first experimental group studying according to the Merder strategy (20) students in the second experimental group studying according to Hayes strategy (19) students in the control group studying according to the traditional method. The researcher was rewarded among the research groups in a number Among the variables (chronological age, intelligence test scores, Kurdish language subject scores for the previous academic year), the experiment lasted a full semester, and the researcher prepared an achievement test consisting of (50) items of multiple choice type and in the light of the content of grammatical topics and behavioral goals. The researcher extracted stability with an equation ( (alpha - Cronbach) and the degree of stability was (084), and the results showed that the strategies Merder and Hayes proved effective in raising the level of academic achievement of students in the subject of Kurdish grammar in the light of Results and Conclusions The researcher presented a number of recommendations and proposals to benefit from and apply them in proportion to their educational importance .

The research aims to identify the effectiveness of the Buxton Model on achievement and deep understanding in the history curriculum for fourth-grade literary female students.
The research sample was Ibn Zaydoun Girls' Preparatory School, which was chosen to conduct the experiment. The total sample consisted of (60) female students, divided into two classes: (30) students in class (A) and (30) students in class (B).
- The researcher conducted statistical equivalence between the two research groups and prepared (112) behavioral objectives.
- He prepared an achievement test consisting of (40) objective items.
- The researcher used statistical methods, including the t-test, for two equal independent samples.
- The researcher reached the following results:
1) The experimental group, which studied using the Buxton Model, outperformed the control group, which studied using the traditional method, with a statistically significant difference at the (0.05) level.
2) The experimental group that studied with deep understanding outperformed the control group that studied with the traditional method, with a statistically significant difference at the level of (0.05).

A new skills development concept called the “Universal Concept of Mental Calculation System” has recently emerged and is commonly called the Yossi Mas Program. This program aims to provide training courses for children to help them develop their mental abilities and raise their level of thinking in general, to insure the educational process is a pleasure in itself. This modern image of the ancient art of mental mathematics is a unique concept that has been scientifically proven, and it is gaining wide fame around the world as an effective educational tool that helps millions of children develop their intelligence from an early stage and helps them overcome their fear of mathematics.
‏ The research aims to study the impact of the use of the Al-Alouk program (Yussi Mas) on the achievement of primary school students in mathematics.
‏Research hypotheses:-
‏ 1- There is no statistically significant difference at the level of significance (0.05) between the average grades of the students of the experimental group who studied according to the Al-Abq program and the average grades of the students of the control group who studied according to the usual method of the tribal test for mental calculation.
‏ 2- There is no statistically significant difference at the level of significance (0.05) between the average scores of the students of the experimental group who studied according to the Al-Aqq program and the average scores of the control group who studied according to the usual method in the post-test of mental calculation.
‏Search limits:-
‏ 1- Students of the fifth grade of primary school of the Directorate of Education Baghdad, the first Rusafa.
‏ The first semester of the academic year 2013-2014. 2
‏ Mathematics book scheduled for the fifth grade of primary school. 3
‏ 4- The Chinese abacus and additional working papers done by the teacher supervising the program to serve the course of the program.
‏ Yosimas is an ancient mental program, developed by an ancient Chinese scientist named Zochuan, to develop mental abilities and increase computational skills, in children aged 4-12 years, as this period is considered a formative age stage, during which total mental development occurs in the child's life. This program is ISO certified, and is an advanced concept for the development of the mental skills and abilities of the child, called the "universal concept of the mental arithmetic system", and the idea of the program depends on how the child uses the Chinese meter, which is a very simple educational tool to develop children's mental abilities, especially their computational abilities. Research has shown that children who use the meter are smarter than others.

‏In light of the results of the research, it is concluded that there are differences between the experimental group and the control group and in favor of the experimental that was studied according to the Al-Abqa program (Al-Osi Mas) may be attributed to what comes:
‏ 1- The Yossi Mas program is one of the old modern teaching strategies that make the student the focus of the educational process by giving him a role to work, which helped increase his achievement.
‏ 2- The interaction between the student and the device led to a sense of responsibility.
‏ 3- The program provides learning opportunities for the student, which leads to an understanding of the scientific material, developing thinking and increasing their achievement.
‏ 4- The student in the program (Alussi Mas) plays an active and active role completely different from the traditional attitudes practiced in normal school conditions. He is no longer just a recipient of information and concepts, but has become a prominent positive role for the learner.
‏ 5-The demise of the element of shyness or confusion and anxiety during the learner's work inside the classroom.
‏Conclusions:-
‏In light of the results, the researchers concluded that:
‏ 1- The program (Yussi Maas) showed a clear positive impact on the achievement of fifth grade primary students in mathematics.
‏ 2- The program (Jossi Mas) requires a double effort from the teacher because it is a link between the students themselves to manage the lesson and make the students more self-confident through their use of mental calculation skills.

The research aims to know the effect of using the 4H strategy on the achievement of fourth -grade science in Biology subject.
This was verified by the following hypothesis:
There are no statistically significant differences at the significance level of 0.05 between the average scores of the students of the experimental group, which is taught according to the 4H strategy, and the average scores of the students of the control group, which is taught according to the usual method in the achievement test .
The experimental design was used with partial control, and the research sample consisted of 50 fourth- science grade students from secondary School alSuisse affiliated to Baghdad Governorate / Al-Rusafa 1.
The two groups were rewarded in the previous achievement and the previous information, and they were not statistically significant. An achievement test consisting of (30) items was prepared of a multiple-choice type with four alternatives, and its validity was confirmed, and the percentage of agreement was 81%, according to stability and the results were in favor of the experimental group, which was studied according to The strategy of 4H in the achievement test, and the research came out with some recommendations and suggestions

The current research aims to reveal the differences in the skills of solving sports problems among distinguished and non-distinguished students in the schools of Baghdad / Rusafa. The research sample consisted of (932) students from the preparatory stage of the biological scientific branch، including (466) students from the distinguished schools and (466) students from non-distinguished people. The research used analytical descriptive research، also standard preparation for problems solving skills to match the research aim، the standard presented by (40) paragraphs distributed on four skills which are (reading and understanding mathematical problem، planning for solution، execution of solution، checking correctness of solution) psychometric features extracted represented by honesty and constancy.
the results reached significant statistically differences between the distinguished and non-distinguished students، according to the results the research represented group of proposals and recommendations.

Self-efficacy of primary school principals and its relationship to strategic planning and Administrative
development
This research aims to identify (the self-efficacy of primary school principals and its relationship to strategic planning and Administrative development) and based on that formula six goals to identify: the level of self-efficacy of primary school principals from the point of view of the educational body, and the strategic planning of primary school principals from the point of view of the authority educational, and the level of Administrative of primary school principals from the point of view of the teaching staff And knowing the relationship between self-efficacy and strategic planning, self-efficacy and Administrative , strategic planning and Administrative , and to achieve the objectives of the research, the researcher prepared the self-efficacy tool, which consisted of (20) items, and the strategic planning, which consisted of (24) items, and the organizational success tool consisted of ( 20) paragraphs in their final form, and then the researcher applied the research tools to the sample of (500) members of the educational staff who were chosen from the basic research community of (7224) individuals at a rate of (7%), and after completing the application of the research tools to the sample, the data was emptied and analyzed by computer software (SPSS). and used statistical methods (arithmetic mean, standard deviation, hypothetical mean, Vachronbach, t-test for one sample, Pearson correlation coefficient, t-value) and the research reached the following results that primary school principals have an average level of self-efficacy, and they have a medium degree of strategic planning, And they have a moderate degree of Administrative , and there is a relationship between self-efficacy and strategic planning, and between self-efficacy and Administrative , strategic planning and Administrative , and the most important recommendations recommended by the researcher is the adoption of research tools from the education directorates in Baghdad governorate.

The current research aims to(evaluating the social studies textbook for the sixth grade in light of the comprehensive quality standards)by answering the following question: what is the level of availability of quality standards in the sixth grade social studies textbook.To achieve goal of the research,the two researcher adopted the descriptive pproach as a method for their research,the community of this research may consist of male, female teachers who study sociology(25%)of the total of the original community, the number of the study sample was(102)male,female teacher,after the two researcher applied the questionnaire in its final form,consisted of (82)standard indicators distributed over six areas,the two researchers treated the data statistically to extract the results using the weighted mean and the percentage weight.The quality of the social book for the primary stage,and the results of the research showed the following:The social book for the sixth grade of primary school reflects the standards of the book's quality from the point of view of the teachers of social sciences,In light of the results,the researchers drew several conclusions, recommendations,proposals,including It will be in the fifth semester.

The current study aims to identify the reasons leading to divorce in the province of Basra from the point of view of divorced couples, judges, lawyers and social researchers. Judges, (23) male and female lawyers, and (18) social researchers in the personal status courts in Basra.
The researchers used the descriptive analytical method, and several tools were used to collect data for the study: (exploratory questionnaire, interview, observation). The study concluded that there are major reasons for divorce and secondary reasons: that divorce is associated with some important structural elements such as economic level, age, education, misuse of social networking sites, marital infidelity, differences in the social and cultural background of the spouses, second marriage, and diseases or inability On procreation in one of the spouses, and that these factors do not come alone and do not work independently, because each of these reasons may arise from another reason or lead to it.
The results of the study also showed that the divorce rate falls within the category of adolescent couples under the age of 18 years, most of whom are illiterate and uneducated, and this was shown by the results of the study and the statistics of social research.