AL-Qadisiyah Journal For Administrative and Economic sciences

Abstract : A conceptual and intellectual framework was presented to present this study through two main
variables: digital marketing (as an independent variable) and the mental image of the organization (as a dependent
variable). The independent variable included five dimensions, namely (Attractive, Communication, Engagement,
Learning, and Relating), while four dimensions were chosen for the dependent variable, namely (perception,
influence, motivation, and desire), and was included in the questionnaire form. The study aimed to explore the level
of digital marketing adopted by Zain Telecommunications Company as well as the level of the company's mental
image. The questionnaire was adopted as the main tool for collecting data from the selected sample, as (75) valid
questionnaires were analyzed using the Statistical Program for Social Sciences (SPSS), and many statistical tools and
tests were adopted to analyze the results. The results showed that there is a significant impact of digital marketing and
its dimensions (Communication, Engagement, Relating) in enhancing the mental image of the organization, while the
two dimensions of digital marketing (attractiveness and learning) did not have a significant impact. Based on the
results obtained, the researcher presented a number of recommendations for relevant organizations to avoid obstacles
and improve performance, as well as for researchers regarding future research.

Abstract : The researchers aim through the current research to be able to show the effect of competitive
intelligence on a sample of excellent-class hotels in the strategic performance of these hotels as well as clarify the
relationship and impact between search variables by analyzing the opinions of the respondent community by (60)
questionnaire distributed among them, The research relied mainly on (questionnaire) and a set of statistical measures
and methods were used, represented by (weighted mean, standard deviation, relative importance, determination
coefficient, simple correlation coefficient, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, and spss v.23 program) The descriptive
analytical approach was used in the research, and the importance of the research lies through the fact that the hotels
researched are in dire need of data that can be contributed in providing them through this research and in a way that
serves the future direction to reach high effectiveness and at the level of all the outputs of these hotels, the researchers
reached a group among the most important conclusions have proven that competitive intelligence contributes greatly
to raising the level of performance and improving it, and in a way that guarantees a high level of excellence for the
researched hotels.
ـ

Abstract : This study investigates the application of regularization methods within a two-stage high-factor
analysis framework. This proposed method aims to handle high-dimensional and complex data. First, we reduce the
high factors (dimensionality) of the model by using factor analysis to find important factors via regularization
techniques to improving of the interpretability and stability of the model. This stage involves the development of
using the selected factors, via Lasso are applied to mitigate overfitting and improve generalization, the proposed
method including regularization not only speeds up the factor selection process but also produces predictions that are
more accurate. But the second stage is focus on regularization the variables within the factor, to improve the
interpretability and stability of the model . Also ,we can minimize overfitting and enhance the model's performance
in high-dimensional data scenarios by regularizing these variables efficiently. The superiority of our proposed
method compared to existing approaches in this field can be demonstrated using simulation techniques and real-world
data. Where, we notice that the proposed method has proven its superiority over previous methods in the same field,
and this is evident from the presented Results.

Abstract : Electrical energy is one of the important sources in the Demoma and continuinues the various activities
necessary for the disabilities of community members. Most states have worked to ensure their continuity and rather
than their resources, to invest that energy from various traditional and renewed sources and work Stations for
production, transportation, distribution, improvement of their work and keep abreast of continuous rise in demand for
energy and gap between production, consumption, Iraq one of those countries suffering from the service provided by
this energy despite the high rise in production (22) thousand megawats, because there are many obstacles, including
the frequent wastes and override on transport lines, which increased pressure on power transmission stations. Hence,
this research has been completed by focusing on the problem that disparity and demand for electricity leads to
repeated problems in the distribution of such energy, it is necessary to estimate the volume of production and
appropriate with the growing demand for electricity and identify future needs, The research assumed that demand for
electric power in Iraq is affected by multiple factors, including economic growth, population, income level, and
prices. Economic growth and population increase are expected to have the greatest impact on electricity demand
during the period 2005-2022, and research reached a range of conclusions, a reverse impact of increasing fees on the
consumption of electric power on demand, and impairment is the obstacle The main to fill the gap between supply
and energy demand, and this is a blur from the recommendations to raise all abuses of energy lines and improve
energy lines, as well as work to exploit renewable energy sources and make them a basic For traditional production
station.

Abstract : The current research seeks to examine the relationship between proactive personality and ethical voice,
focusing on the interactive effect of situational strength. The research aims to understand how different organizational
contexts affect the activation of personality traits and their impact on promoting ethical behaviors. The research was
conducted in 35 public and private schools (primary and intermediate) in Diwaniyah Governorate, Iraq, where (270)
individuals from school staff participated. School principals assessed the ethical voice using a questionnaire designed
specifically for the study. The data were described and analyzed using a set of statistical programs such as (Mplus7).
The results showed that proactive personality positively affects ethical voice, indicating that individuals with
proactive traits tend to express their ethical opinions more. However, the results revealed that situational strength
reduces this relationship, as strict organizational conditions limit the ability of proactive individuals to express their
ethical voices.

Abstract : When the response variable follows a normal distribution, the ordinary least squares (OLS) method is
considered the most efficient and effective for estimating features. However, in real-world applications, we often
encounter non-normal distributions, which is very common. In such cases, the OLS method becomes inefficient and
does not provide accurate estimates. In this paper, we propose that the error distribution in a (23) factorial design is
skewed and follows an Epsilon-Skew Normal (ESN) distribution. We employ the Modified Maximum Likelihood
Estimator (MMLE) to estimate the parameters. We use simulation to validate the proposed method, along with real
medical data to confirm the effectiveness of our approach. Additionally, we apply the Likelihood Ratio Test to the
real data to assess the validity of the method.

Abstract : The research deals with the economies of neighboring non-Arab countries (Iran and Turkey) to
understand the nature of the economies represented by the components of their gross domestic product structure.
Which usually reflects their economic capabilities and then shows the size and structure of the trade of these two
countries with Iraq, and includes a set of conclusions, the most prominent of which is that both countries are diverse
economies in the formation of their local products and because they are neighboring Iraq, they exploited this
advantage in making the Iraqi market a space for disposing of their products of various consumer goods, and among
the most prominent recommendations, the study calls for diversifying the Iraqi economy to find alternatives to
imported goods from both Iran and Turkey.

Abstract : The phenomenon of obesity in newborns, though relatively rare, poses significant health challenges,
necessitating the identification of key contributing factors to aid in health awareness and preventive strategies. This
study employs advanced regression techniques, including Lasso, Bayesian Lasso, Adaptive Lasso, and Bayesian
Adaptive Lasso, to analyze 13 predictors influencing infant obesity. These methods address challenges such as
multicollinearity, sparsity, and high dimensionality, with Bayesian Adaptive Lasso emerging as the most effective.
By achieving superior predictive accuracy and interpretability, this method excels in isolating non-influential
predictors while providing credible intervals for uncertainty quantification. The findings highlight the robustness of
Bayesian approaches, particularly Bayesian Adaptive Lasso, in analyzing medical data, providing a foundation for
future interventions in neonatal health.
.
ـ

Abstract : In view of the recent developments that occurred in all sectors in general and were reflected in the
financial and banking sector in particular, which revolve mainly around technological developments through which
many financial transactions and services have become carried out easily and flexibly after they used to take time and
effort to complete. Therefore, banking technology is considered a new strategic direction that takes an effective role
in shaping the future of financial transactions and services, which has affected all economic and financial sectors,
which in turn has produced a number of financial tools that have contributed to the development of the banking
industry, thanks to the widespread spread of technology at the global level, which has become an essential part. Of
human life this matter prompted banks to take advantage of this feature to provide various banking services to their
customers and meet their needs and desires, which was characterized by high flexibility in development compared to
traditional means. In addition, the public's desire to deal with banks to acquire these electronic services helped banks
accomplish their work.

Abstract : This study aims to explore the impact of the internal control system on the quality of financial reporting
in light of modern international standards, with a specific focus on the Iraqi Project Implementation Company. The
research examines the relationship between the five dimensions of internal control (control environment, risk
assessment, control activities, information and communication, and monitoring) and their effect on improving the
quality of financial reports.
The study utilized a descriptive analytical approach, combining both qualitative data. A survey was distributed to
employees of the Iraqi Project Implementation Company, and the responses were analyzed using statistical methods
such as regression analysis and Pearson correlation to test the research hypotheses.
The results revealed a strong positive relationship between the internal control system and the quality of financial
reporting. Among the five dimensions, monitoring and supervision had the most significant influence, followed by
information and communication. The findings also indicated that enhancing the internal control system leads to
improved transparency, reliability, and compliance in financial reporting, aligning with international standards.
This study concludes that an effective internal control system is essential for ensuring the quality of financial reports,
especially in environments with complex operational structures. It recommends that organizations continually review
and improve their internal control practices to meet modern international standards and enhance financial reporting
accuracy.

Abstract : The current study aimed to reveal the effect of the use of accounting sustainability standards in its
dimensions (the environmental dimension, the economic dimension, the social dimension) to improve the
requirements of transparency in the financial reports of workers in the Rafidain Bank in the Diwaniyah Governorate,
and the study adopted the descriptive approach to the measurement of the availability of its variables, as it was done
Distribution of (137) questionnaires, and recovered (130) questionnaires by (12) damaged questionnaire and (118) is
valid for analysis, and in order to extract the results that the study aims to reach, the statistical package was used
(SPSS&AMOS.V.28) To reach the most accurate results, and therefore the study came out with results, at the
forefront of which was the bank's interest in providing good services by assisting the automatic distributor and the
automatic window for banknotes employees in performing their tasks, as well as limiting the bank to providing the
data and information necessary for the application of the financial information system through the use of means and
equipment used in the financial information system characterized by modernity, Accordingly, the study
recommended the need for the bank to use systems based on improving the performance of employees through the
use of sufficient branches of the bank that allow access to financial services and focus on the efficiency of employees
in the bank based on the programs used.

Abstract : This study identifies the key factors influencing heart disease by employing the Smoothly Clipped
Absolute Deviation (SCAD) method. Heart disease remains a leading cause of mortality globally, and understanding
its risk factors is crucial for prevention and treatment. The dataset used for analysis spans 2020–2023, including data
from 600 participants, covering diverse demographics, medical records, and lifestyle factors. SCAD was chosen over
traditional methods like Lasso and Elastic Net due to its ability to reduce multicollinearity and minimize bias in
variable selection, making it ideal for high-dimensional datasets. The analysis reveals significant risk factors,
including high blood pressure, cholesterol levels, family history, physical inactivity, and unhealthy diet, while
minimizing the influence of less relevant factors like age and obesity. These findings provide a foundation for more
targeted prevention and intervention strategies.

Abstract : In many scientific fields, such as reliability, meteorology, economics, and finance, the data analyst may
encounter samples of the underlying population with a large number (inflation) of zero observations and nonzero
observations. This compound structure of data has motivated many researchers in many scientific fields to formulate
this structure in the probability density function of the interested random variable through the zero-inflated models. In
this paper, we focus on employing the Poisson and negative binomial distributions to represent the count variable as
the response variable. The logistic link function has been used to represent the linear predictor, which is a function of
the unknown parameters of the generalized linear model. Moreover, the maximum likelihood estimation method has
been employed to estimate the unknown parameters of the underlying model. Consequently, real data that represent
the spontaneous abortion number as the response variable with some covariates have been analyzed by the studied
regression models. ـ

Abstract : In medical applications studies the regression analysis focuses on investigating the functional
relationship between the response variable and covariates in order to understand the underlying patient case. In this
paper, we utilize the Bayesian estimation in mean regression under the squared loss function to estimate the average
mean of the Blood glucose as the response variable E(Y|X), and the median regression under the absolute loss
function to estimate the median of the Blood glucose as response variable med(Y│X). Consequently, we try select
the best regression model that it the blood glucose dataset based on some statistical fitting criterions. The results of
real data demonstrated that the Bayesian median regression is the best fitted model for the blood glucose.

Abstract : In light of the economic shocks to which the Iraqi economy is exposed as a result of the decline in oil
revenues, the federal government took the approach of resorting to external borrowing first and then internal loans to
fill the deficit in its federal budget. Many people interested in economic affairs consider the risks of these loans to the
performance of the Iraqi economy when indicators arrive. Debt burdens and serious consequences regarding
indicators of ability to pay or liquidity. The research aims to address the problem represented by (financial
sustainability indicators and their impact on reducing the debt crisis in Iraq for the period (2004-2022). Therefore, the
research focused on the hypothesis that says (the research is based on the hypothesis that: The Iraqi economy has the
ability to achieve financial sustainability and reduce the debt crisis during the study period. The research was divided
into three sections: the first Research: Indicators of financial sustainability the second Research: The debt crisis in
Iraq the third Analysis of the relationship between financial sustainability indicators and the debt crisis in Iraq for the
period (2004-2022), after which conclusions and recommendations were reached, and this indicates Iraq’s inability to
repay debts and contain their burdens, and then the research recommends increasing the importance of other revenues
by raising efficiency. Border crossings and collecting customs revenues correctly, in addition to building a database
of those subject to taxes and holding them accountable if they evade paying them.