Basrah Arts Journal

As long as the theatrical show represents a visual space formed by audio, visual and
dynamic formats, both linguistic and non-linguistic, it includes texts of (ٙ) that form the
seventh text which is the text of the theatrical show, in line with the modern vision and the
semiological approach. According to this perspective, the speech of the theatrical show
should be examined with the eyes that leaves the superficial view of unpremeditated
judgments which that don't see the performance with an eye aesthetically trained because
the problem concerned with way, according to it, the show comes out and then reads, if the
reading (dictation) is backward, then no value is desired for it, and if it is aware , insightful
reading that assimilates the consistency of the discourse, of the theatrical show then
undoubtedly it will be of use at the technical, aesthetic and communication levels, And
that's because the theatrical show consist of two systems: The visual system that the texts
of the show make, and the conceptual system of the recipient and his awareness of the
structure of the show speech as a perceptual and conceptual system. The combination of
these two systems is establishes the text of the speech of a theatrical show with its artistic,
aesthetic, semantic and communicative dimensions.

The epistemological term for dualism (the ego and the other) represents a
problematic epistemology. Philosophers and thinkers occupied themselves, as they
dealt with their conceptual approaches according to their intellectual and philosophical
requirements, which took consensual dimensions at times, and controversial
dimensions at other . In addition to that, researchers have dealt with it, in the field of
philosophy, psychology, sociology, and other human sciences, in an attempt to
crystallize the concepts of a continent that distinguishes them, and they had to work
within an interactive system, or within a collision and contrast, for some others.
The idea of the "Other" was represented in the philosophical thought of primitive
man, as (totem - plant or animal) from which primitive peoples descended, and thus
possessed a special sanctity, through which it is forbidden to eat it, because in their
view, it is the ancestor from which the descendants of these peoples descended.
Accordingly, the researchers found that there are intellectual comparisons between
the philosophical propositions of the ego and the other, which can be felt in theatrical
art in general, and in the performance of the stage actor in particular. The interactive
relationship between the actor-man can be traced as( Ego) present in the artistic and
anthropomorphic given in the other contrast, represented by the theatrical character,
the theatrical text , or the other actor, or other elements of the theatrical performance.
In a reciprocal relationship, it may be distinguished by conflict, consensus, or
complementary interaction, according to the perspective of the external vision.
The aim of the research is represented in: Knowing the intellectual, philosophical
and psychological principles of the ego and the other, and how they operate in the
system of theatrical performances. To achieve the goal of the research, the study
included two sub-topics; the first topic comes under the title: the dualism of the ego
As for the second topic, it comes under the .and the other in philosophy and psychology
title: The Philosophy of the Theatrical Director and the Duality of the Self and the Other.
The researchers concluded, through this, a set of influences, according to which the
research sample model was analyzed to reach the results and conclusions.
Key words: -Dualism - -The Ego - -The Other

:The current research is as follows
The first chapter, which included the problem of research, which was accompanied
by the following question: Is the correlation has had the greatest impact in the
.achievement of the plastic world
The aim of the research is to reveal the symmetry in contemporary grammatical
composition The limits of the research included temporal limitation from 2015 to
.2019 and the spatial limit was limited to Europe and America
The importance of research lies in the attempt to reveal the convergence of the
.global creative achievement of contemporary artists
The first chapter deals with the concept of knowledge and how it works. The term
"harmony", which was present in its present sense by Julia Kresteva, is the result of
its study of the Russian critic Bakhtin, who preceded Christina for this term. The
term was given to him through a study of Russian artistic works As well as follow￾up in this subject, critics and specialists on this subject, such as Todorov, Bart and
Genette, etc. This topic also dealt with how the exercise or mechanism that operates
the term of convergence in the field of human knowledge. The second topic dealt
.with the differences in ancient civilizations namely Iraq, Egypt and the Greeks
The third topic dealt with the mechanism of the work of harmonization in the
formation of contemporary global grammar through the study and review of the work
of artists European and American through the ways they deal with various means of
expression and methods of achievement and means of employment and presentation
.of different directions and visions of art
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The third chapter dealt with the research procedures through the research
community, which counted (50) works of art completed from the period 2015 to
2019 in Europe and America. The sample of the research, which summarized (6)
samples was chosen in an intentional manner consistent with the question of the
problem and the objective of the research either the research method adopted
.descriptive analytical method
:Then search results and part of them
1- gave openness openness and non-closure through the multiple reading of the
.technical achievement
2- was a clear contrast, but Djn style of personal artist became harmonious
.harmony consistent unity in the framework of the work of art
3- The fragmentation and dispersion was introduced as a new concept in
accordance with the new concepts of contemporary contemporary business to keep
.abreast of the tremendous progress of our present time
:And the needs were part of it
1- Integrating the reception of the technician with the technical work through the
.invocation and comparison of the artistic works
.The research then dealt with the proposals, recommendations and sources

The justification for accessing the elements of idea directing is derived from any
decision taken by the artist in search for a humane that can change from it in a direct
aesthetic component with a precise communication space that makes the contents derived
from this achievement a cognitive reality where we can verify the role of theatre in all areas
When we look at the children sector, that important community structure of human life.
that can be a static volcano towards the evaluation of any community; what is the role of
theatrical artistic life in determining the type of this future society through its influence and
penetration of this child in terms of motion assessment and identification of the behaviour
elements and methods. The idea of this research is the compatibility of intellectual forms
between theatrical directing as a major strategy to produce the elements of a mobile
presentation within the aesthetic philosophical discourse system towards children’s thought
and the relationship with the educational studies by targeting the child in organizing the
behavioural components in a technical objective and automatic way where it spontaneously
perceived by that sector.This research topic will move towards two theoretical axes
First: Directing thought between the system of composition and embodiment.
Second: Employment of expert educational dimensions in the applied thought system.The
researcher then works on the analysis of one of the theatrical performances that can find
those characteristics of the output that produces an artistic counterpart towards the
employment of these dimensions, as well as the theatre and how it presents an aesthetic
educational lesson knowledge about the concentration of these knowledge in the remnants
in the mind of the child. This as well as how it can be a legacy which cannot be absent or
changed in the future, especially in the light of extremist attacks in the aim of making
children as formulas for killing and destruction. Through this problem the research will
move towards an important goal in theatrical behaviours which gives value to the child from
the social, scientific and behavioural aspects. The researcher collected the findings and
conclusions of the analysis of one of the selected presentations in an intentional way
.according to the requirements of the objective research. In God we succeed
keywords: Children’s Theatre -Directing Theatrical- Educational Behavior

The dynamics of existence are based on the interaction between the elements of this
existence, and this interaction is achieved through communication between its elements, so
communication is the essence of its permanence and the dynamic of its intellectual
research, which represents a pattern of communication. The first pattern of this
permanence is the visual signs that belong to the space of sensory knowledge, and
therefore form a space of transmission, received by mental knowledge and analyzes the
messages of the receiving, to return them in a conscious form and so forth, the act of
communication is based on what receives the communication of the communication, and
this is the form of the relationship between man and nature in a clear form through the
images of nature, so visual communication is the expressive act that combines the verb
and the reaction with the transmission and receiving in one. Communication is therefore
فنون البصرةٕٓ93
the spirit of art and its communicative action, which manifests itself in the appearance of
communication and separation, and this communication relationship is made in the form of
agreement and difference in the form of the act of individual and collective art.
The theatrical discourse is an act of communication and communication, so it is an art that
takes the visual mark as the bearer of all the patterns of its artistic composition, and
therefore it is pregnant and mobile together, especially in the post-drama theater discourse
we find that it is the space of interaction between the theatrical discourse and the recipient,
because it undermines the performance of the language and is done from the performance
of the image as the main body and the basis in shaping the meaning and the act of
communication and communication between this speech and the recipient. In addition, this
theater has collected all the signs of technological visual communication, and the media
produced by visual media, so the post-drama theater undermines the power of the word
and therefore the aesthetic of this theater is a list of overlaps between all the patterns of
existence and the most prominent of which is visual communication. In order to reveal this
aesthetic act of visual communication in the post-drama theater: We divided our research
into a number of axes and as follows: the first chapter included the problem of research
and the need for it, and the importance and purpose of the research as it concluded by
defining the terms, and the second chapter was under the title of the theoretical framework
A- Aesthetic from philosophy to visual discourse which included three investigations:
The concept of visual communication.
B- Visual communication features in post-drama - theater.Previous studies
The third chapter is the research procedures that included the research community and its
tools and the sample of research and chapter iv contained the results and conclusions of
the research and its proposals and concluded the research with a summary in English, and
then the list of sources and references. . Some of the most important conclusions of the
research are:
A- Visual image is the bearer of excitement and response. to the act of receiving in this
theater
B-The entity of the aesthetic act in this theater is purely visual.
C-The nature of visual communication in this theatrical direction is important for
technological receiving techniques.

Rebellion is a pattern of human behavior patterns which used as a tool to rebel
against all kinds of authorities and dominances that enjoy. influence and impose
restrictions on the individual or society alike Genet is one of the writers who
employed rebellion in their theatrical texts and bestowed upon them that imaginary
rituals, as his plays revolve in accelerated circles to produce contradictions that we
may not see in reality, but create forms that provoke an interaction in recipient's
mind to be a partner in that ritual.The philosophy of rebellion in Genet’s theatrical
texts derives the ties of its structures through the problems in which societies
abound, including political, social, religious, as well as economic. Therefore, we find
that the characters of Genet's plays vary according to the diversity of the conflict
areas (the ruler and the ruled), (the master and the slave), (the male and the
female), there is the general and there are men who appear as women, and there
are women who appear as men, prostitutes, soldiers, political classes, workers,
white men and women wear black masks, and black men and women wear white
masks.In order to reach the philosophical features of Genet's rebellion in his
theatrical texts, it usually requires a philosophical reading of all the characters with
their structures within the body of the theatrical text and the pattern of their behavior
that writer uses as a tool by which he present his problems and contradictions, and
on the aesthetic, artistic, intellectual and technical levels.The aesthetic question may
touch the essence of the rebellious Genet’s philosophy, which is reflected in the
behavior of the characters of his theatrical texts, thus the researcher tries to ask
about the most important apparent and hidden features in the philosophy of rebellion
in Jean Genet’s theatrical texts, so the researcher decided that the title of her
research should be (The philosophy of rebellion in Jean Genet's theatrical texts).
Keywords: Philosophy, Rebellion.

Addresses our labeled (use of ceramics in interior design) study the diversity of uses
ceramic in interiors and according to need and function has been distributed search in
three chapters contained the first chapter on the research problem and dealt with a focus
on the study of ceramics used in spaces enclosed and composition of the nucleus of the
research in this area of the importance of porcelain from Technically, technical and
researcher reviewed the importance of research for researchers in the field of architecture,
ceramics and interpretation correlation between Pinhma and researcher relied on two goals
in this research are
1. Study the interrelationship between porcelain and inner space
2. Highlight the aesthetic element of overlap between ceramics and interior design
The researcher pointed out the limits of his research is the internal spaces of the houses
and the researcher defines some important terms to explain his research and porcelain
design and surface Almagat and Interior Design
The second chapter contains a theoretical framework has addressed researcher vision
aesthetic in contemporary thought and the researcher porcelain in the front or the entrance
to his research with Anoaih and Asthaddamth reviewed the researcher architecture and its
relationship to space, as well as the concept of internal space and raw materials used in
the interiors of brick and alabaster and stone and ceramic has dealt Aalbges porcelain and
its relationship to the internal space with highlight and point of view, a researcher at the
motor activity in the interior space has been unfortunately the second quarter on several
indicators for a researcher
• aesthetic vision according to semantic mental, intellectual and relational ties between
works of art and enclosed spaces
• ceramic composition phenomenon in neighboring Fine structure of the architecture and art
during their interdependence
• How to enrichment of the spatial and temporal relationships of uses for ceramics
• Establishing the structure of mind aesthetic and utilitarian at the same time achieve
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structural design and its relationship to architecture and a private interior design
The third chapter included the research community as images of the contemporary period
interiors to lounges and bathrooms, as well as sampling intentionality five photos express
the goals search and the search tool is the descriptive analytical style and a recent
researcher reviewed the most important results of this research

The research is called a solid relationship between dramaturgy and performance.
Dramaturgy in our research is considered aesthetically. It offers wide horizons for
performance, as it represents the aesthetic and practical reading of the role and its
relation to other roles. The performer sets his vision, which represents the third
reading after reading the author and director, and from a new and different angle,
.but all agree with the vision of the central presentation
Dramaturgy performance is a strategy for the role played by the performer during
the exercises, consisting of (disassembly, interpretation and construction) based on
the dimension aesthetic / philosophical and performance dimension / practical to
.reach high-quality performance in the Iraqi theater
Key words (Iraqi actor, vision of the performer, third reading)

Human engineering is an important regard that should be taken into consideration in
facilities, laboratories and other work places, because it provides important information deal
The current research with health and safety of worker as well as increasing productivity.
aims to uncovering problems that the worker suffers from, due to non-observance of the
requirements of human engineering and providing suitable solutions for it.The research
hypothesis that there are workers' physical problems due to incorrect working
The second chapter dealts with the explanation of the General Company for conditions.
Leather Industries, one of the formations of the Ministry of Industry and has a good
reputation at the local and regional level, so it was appropriate to choose them as an
environment for research work. The second chapter also dealt with the information and the
theoretical vocabulary related to the subject of the research and came out with several
Either the third chapter where the indicators that are related to the research objectives
researcher chose a sample is the workers of the laboratory No. (7), and prepared a note
form to record his observations on the existence of the problem and nature, reinforced by
digital images of some cases in the laboratory. As well as the questionnaire form of his
statement in reaching the results envisaged from this research and the interviews
conducted by the researcher has played an important role in the expansion of the
perception of research and prospects, and the most important of the results of the research
1- The workers have suffered from re are physical problems.
2-The cause of the problems is the incorrect situation, posture of the worker during the
performance of work.
In order to solve this problem, the researcher proposes to provide the proposed chair for
the worker, which includes the advantages to ensure an appropriate solution to the
problems.
The researcher also has made several recommendations and proposals, the most
important of it which are:
1- Adoption of the proposed chair for use of the company's workers
2- The other researchers conduct other studies dealing with human engineering in other
establishments and laboratories.

During the twentieth century, the song was accompanied by changes,
developments and movement of society, which reflected on its artistic and aesthetic
nature. These changes also contributed to the emergence of a new style of singing,
which is feminist singing, which was one of the prominent manifestations during the
second half of the twentieth century. As a result of developments in society, many
Iraqi singers emerged and were among the singers who appeared in the second half
of the twentieth century, the singer (Maeda Nazhat), who represented an important
stage in the history of feminist singing in Iraq and contributed to the crystallization of
Iraqi singing through performance and its multiple and diverse techniques. This
study is based on the possibility of understanding a part of the various performan ce
techniques in feminist singing and in particular the singer (Maeda Nazhat) to
establish a reference or a starting point for further understanding and analysis.The
research consists of four chapters.
-The first chapter comes with a review of the research problem from which the
research was launched, then the importance and purpose of the research and its
limits.
-The second chapter ends with defining terms.As for the second chapter, it may be
one of several axes: The first topic deals with a presentation of the concept of
singing techniques, the nature of human voices and their expressive characteristics,
and the most important components of performance techniques. As for the second
topic, it contains a historical narration of female singing, as it deals with a number of
women's voices.
-The third chapter consists of the research sample, which consists of two songs
subject to scientific musical analysis and research methodology. As for the fourth
-chapter, it consists of results, conclusions and sources.

The practical applications of the various sculptural techniques of the present era
express a true expression of the level of thought and maturity and reflect the
tangible progress and scientific reality of the developed world. The technique is the
point of convergence between thought, hand, instrument, and material. In sculptural
works, it depends not only on the characteristics and relationships of the elements
that it forms, but also on the way these elements are formulated. This is the
technique that allows the hand to connect the thought life to the subject through the
tools. As a step towards shedding light on some important and contemporary
sculpture techniques at the same time, this research entitled "The Technical
Diversity of Sculpture with Metal Rods and Wire - Study in Contemporary World
:Sculpture" came in four chapters, which included the following
In the first chapter, the problem of research and the need to determine the
problem was identified. The researcher identified the problem of research in asking
the question about the technique of employing technical diversity in metal rods and
wires in contemporary world sculpture. The importance of the research and its aim
in detecting technical diversity in metal rods and wires, Spatial and objective
.research, and at the end of the chapter, the term technical was defined and defined
In the second chapter, the theoretical framework was included in two subjects:
The first topic was the techniques of sculpture using metals. referred to the types of
metals, places of obtaining them, methods of liquidation, mechanical and technical
properties, The researcher touched upon the traditional techniques of sculpture in
metals and contemporary techniques in the use of metal rods and wires. The
second topic is the presentation of the technical effects in the transformations of
sculpture through the historical narration of the process of sculpture from the
.beginning of the use of metal in sculpture until the first half of the twentieth century.
The third chapter deals with the research procedures. The researcher adopted
the analytical descriptive method in describing and analyzing his research sample,
which included sixe models chosen in a descriptive style from the research
community of one hundred sculptural works carried out using sculpting techniques
with metal rods and wires. The researcher used the accurate observation tool in the
.description and analysis of the sample
.Chapter IV presents the results, discusses them and presents conclusions

ceramics art consider as one of the most important types of fine art it belongs to the
depths of history and its creations, at the level of great human civilization, including the
ancient Iraqi civilization and an extension to the present time. The art of ceramic is
associated with feather and properties in terms of the nature of the formation and its
technical elements and composition. Where the human through which many of its creations
and activities through the two pillars are important means and purpose, the means requires
(raw materials, metals, colors), while the goal means the target or the result to be reached,
and the goal is the type of job carried out by the technical, Leads to a variation in the nature
of the technical characteristics of the achievement.
The technical features in the plastic arts are one of the important subjects that are subject to
study and research. Through which we can monitor the intellectual transformations offered
through the work of art. Taking into consideration the technical experience in particular and
the transformations of formality by the experiences of the great artists, which gave the world
thought of the transformations formalized by the development of the level of the artist's
awareness of his own experience. The current research and through its methodology seeks
to reveal the nature of artistic features. According to monitoring and analysis. As an
analytical study. The study consists of four chapters:
Chapter one: - addresses the problem of research and its importance and the need to
include the chapter as well as objectives and limits of research and identify the most
important terms
Chapter two: - came to represent the theoretical framework, which consisted of two
sections: -
The first topic: - The concept of personality
The second topic: features in contemporary Iraqi ceramics
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Chapter three: - The research procedures included and contained
1. Methodology used 2. Research community 3. Research sample 4. Sample analysis.
Chapter Four: - The results and conclusions reached by the researcher in the light of the
analysis of the sample as the conclusions were proved in the light of what resulted from the
theoretical framework and analysis of the sample and the author of several
recommendations and suggestions of the findings of the researcher as follows:
1- The cognitive concept of the Samaritan pottery is the basic basis in the recognition of the
technical characteristics of ceramics, as it clearly reflected on its work in terms of
technology and performance.
2 - formed the inherited concepts of the basic characteristics of building in the work of Al -
Samarrai.
3 - The ceramic works of Samarrai highlighted the attention to the modern artistic features
as demonstrated by the emphasis on the color and font element in particular, as masters of
the rest of the elements of the artwork.
4 - The potter relied on the mates in methods and techniques, relying on his own
experience.
The researcher also reached a number of conclusions, including:
1 - Pottery Maher Samurai one of the important pillars in the development of contemporary
Iraqi ceramics because of the added features of the new art gave the spirit of modernity and
innovation.
2 - different versions appeared in the nature of the ceramic composition of Samurai through
his attempts to add and the introduction of other materials on the clay material used and
synthesized and processed to give it a new aesthetic character.
Then came the recommendations and proposals and then proved the sources of research

The present research deals with the weapons used in the drawings of war
battles of Persian manuscripts. It is the study of the forms of weapons used in
drawings that were discovered in individual or collective military battles.
Especially if we dealt with the problem of research the question which will be
raised is that : Could the Persian artist to draw us the forms of weapons that were
used in that era? Was he successful through his drawings of the virtual battles that
took place in that period? Was the artist successful in recording those events in
those manuscripts?