Iraqi Journal of Humanitarian, Social and Scientific Research

This research aimed to study and analyze the impact of artificial intelligence on digital marketing strategies in private sector companies in Erbil, as artificial intelligence has become one of the main tools that help companies improve their marketing operations and increase their efficiency in targeting customers. Artificial intelligence works through big data analysis, machine learning, and natural language processing, which enables companies to customize marketing content, improve customer experience, and enhance the effectiveness of advertising campaigns. An analytical methodology based on a field study of a number of private sector companies in Erbil was adopted, by collecting data using questionnaires and interviews with marketing managers and those responsible for adopting modern technology in those companies. The challenges facing companies in adopting artificial intelligence technologies were also analyzed, such as high costs, lack of specialized skills, and the degree of acceptance of these technologies by the local market. The results showed that the application of artificial intelligence contributes to improving digital marketing strategies by increasing targeting accuracy, and analyzing customer behavior more deeply, which leads to higher conversion rates and achieving a competitive advantage in the market. However, some companies still face technical and organizational challenges that hinder the full benefit of these technologies. Based on the results, the research recommends the need to raise awareness of the importance of artificial intelligence in marketing, provide training programs for marketing personnel, and invest in technological infrastructure to ensure maximum benefit from these advanced tools. The research includes the research problem, the research objective, the methodology, the results, and the main conclusions. The research concluded that artificial intelligence plays a vital role in improving the marketing performance of companies by enhancing customer targeting, providing a distinguished user experience, and increasing the efficiency of advertising campaigns. There are also challenges facing some companies, such as the lack of specialized personnel and the high costs of implementing these technologies. The research recommends the need to raise awareness about the benefits of artificial intelligence in marketing, invest in developing the technical infrastructure, and train employees to use these tools effectively to achieve better results.

Imam Ali's (peace be upon him) life was filled with educational and moral knowledge that respected the value of humanity within the Islamic educational curriculum. Imam Ali (peace be upon him) was a model of sublime and distinguished morality in his dealings with his enemies, making him a role model for building a society based on authentic Islamic values. Here we are in the process of discussing the concept of education from the perspective of Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (peace be upon him) to bring people closer to the concept of education that this research aims to address. Imam Ali (peace be upon him) seems to reject the theories of earlier educators regarding the meaning and goals of education. He believes that a wealth of knowledge does not suffice or replace work, good conduct, and a good life. The Imam (peace be upon him) does not want knowledge for the sake of knowledge or for something else. Rather, he wants it for the sake of change, transformation, and growth. Therefore, we do not believe in quantity without quality, and quality without effectiveness. For the sake of God, God created what He created of nature, the universe, and existence.

Integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) in scientific research transforms methodologies and enhances productivity across various disciplines. AI tools facilitate data analysis, hypothesis generation, and even the writing of scientific articles, simplifying the research process and increasing researchers' efficiency. However, researchers face multiple challenges in using AI, such as the need for advanced technical skills and ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the results obtained.

This field study examines the relationship between strategic leadership behavior and crisis management in educational institutions, focusing on Tikrit University as an applied model. The study is based on the hypothesis that there is a close relationship between strategic leadership style and crisis management efficiency in the academic environment. The research aims to analyze the perspectives of administrative leaders at Tikrit University on the impact of leadership behavior on the various stages of crisis management. The behaviors included flexibility in dealing with variables, effective communication skills, and the ability to make decisive decisions under pressure. The research methodology relied on a comprehensive questionnaire specifically designed to measure the perceptions of administrative leaders. The questionnaire covered all stages of crisis management, from early prediction, through planning and response, to recovery and lessons learned. The research also examined the extent of administrative leaders' awareness of the importance of developing strategic leadership skills. It aims to provide practical recommendations to enhance leaders' capabilities to manage crises effectively and develop a theoretical framework applicable to similar educational institutions. The results of this research are expected to contribute to enriching scientific knowledge on crisis management and strategic leadership, provide deep insights into best management practices, and highlight the importance of developing specialized training programs. The research aims to serve as a primary reference for researchers and those interested in crisis management in the education sector, opening new horizons for future research in this vital field.

This study aims to shed light on scientific research between the quantitative and qualitative methods in university studies in higher education institutions in Libya. It also aims to try to know the extent to which the objectives of this research match in terms of the research methodology, data collection tool, sample and statistical methods. To achieve the goal of this study, the researcher relied on descriptive analytical research, as it relies on collecting data on the subject of the study in order to analyze its data. The survey method was also used through the selected sample of faculty members at the university, by applying the data collection tool (questionnaire, interview). The study concluded that graduate students use the quantitative research method that they can conduct and apply random samples and is not expensive, unlike the use of qualitative research that requires a long time, effort and cost. Also, the students' capabilities in terms of understanding qualitative research and how to prepare it do not have sufficient experience to use it, by relying on the questionnaire form because it is the most used for its ease in terms of data collection and statistical analysis to come up with results and recommendations faster than if they used the qualitative research method.

It is one of the important fields in science, as it aims to ensure integrity, credibility and professionalism in conducting scientific studies and research, and is also considered a basic reference for graduate students and researchers in laboratory and field work and making appropriate decisions during scientific research. Studies indicate that the most important types of ethics in scientific research are academic integrity, which is one of the most important ethics of scientific research, and requires refraining from manipulating data or distorting results in order to achieve individual or collective goals. Information and data must be dealt with honestly and transparently, and the researcher (whether in graduate studies or at the researcher level) must be prepared to provide explanations and clarifications for his work and justify his results and stay away from any manipulation.

Arab Muslim historians were interested in historical documentation, so historical writing witnessed important developments in its scientific methods, and new patterns emerged that focused on writing various historical topics, including historical, geographical, religious, jurisprudential, and literary topics. There are those who combined more than one topic as a result of the development of the writing style and the expansion of its knowledge and sciences and the development of its methods, so there was a reading of historical and geographical events in their various stages, including the economic ones, which Al-Bakri focused on in his book Al-Maghrib in Mentioning the Countries of Africa and the Maghreb. The importance of the research lies in studying the historical methodology that Al-Bakri followed in presenting his information about the economic conditions and shedding light on this important aspect of writing, which is a scientific renaissance that renews the strength of history in the scientific field. As for the objectives of the research, they are to identify the methodology followed in Al-Bakri's book and what is the style he followed in presenting information related to the economic aspect, as the book contained valuable objective information that indicates the author's originality in presenting his material, as he wrote bright pages about the economic conditions of a number of cities in the Islamic Maghreb. Islamic Maghreb

The legislative shortcomings in the Iraqi Companies Law No. (21) of 1997 represent one of the major obstacles preventing companies operating in Iraq, whether local or international, from effectively serving the community. This issue is reflected in the presence of legal gaps that hinder these companies from fulfilling their social role as required. One of the most notable aspects of this shortcoming is the absence of provisions in the Iraqi Companies Law that mandate corporate social responsibility, leading to a failure in providing sustainable developmental services. Additionally, the lack of legislative updates prevents companies from keeping pace with economic and social transformations, negatively affecting their ability to adapt to new challenges. This legislative deficiency directly impacts society, as opportunities for sustainable development decline and the gap widens between corporate economic objectives and community needs. In contrast, these challenges can be addressed through legislative reforms that ensure a balance between corporate interests and societal welfare. Such reforms should include provisions that encourage companies to adopt social initiatives and update the law to make it more flexible and comprehensive. Therefore, addressing this issue requires cooperation between legislative and regulatory bodies, as well as the companies themselves, to establish a legal framework that supports both economic and social development. These reforms are not only necessary to enhance corporate performance but also to achieve broader societal goals that serve the common good.

The law had a large share of tremendous developments in the field of technology in all life, medical, engineering, administrative and other fields, as it affected civil and commercial dealings, as these developments have no weight without the legal basis, especially in the field of commercial contracts related to them. After these contracts were concluded between both parties in their traditional form for a long period of time, they developed in a way that is concluded by electronic means, hence their name, and the need for these contracts need to be regulated by most of the legislation in their own laws and within specific conditions. Among them is the Iraqi legislator, where he was successful in keeping up with these developments by legislating the Electronic Signature and Electronic Transactions Law No. 78 of 2012.However, this development did not stop there, as the competition of countries has reached each other in the use of technological technologies in all fields, and we find that artificial intelligence generated by technology and has become an imposed reality in our lives has almost replaced human intelligence in some fields, and has become an imposed reality in our lives, and has developed terribly so that it includes even the legal fields, in one way or another, where what is known as smart contracts have appeared, which are the focus of our study and research, as they are organized in whole or in part through platforms and databases sequenced by smart programs, relying on artificial intelligence technologies, the most prominent legal fields that have been affected are the field The conclusion of commercial contracts, which have become the focus of attention of specialists in the legal field due to the speed of their spread and the desire of the parties to conclude commercial contracts through blockchain platforms, which are considered the basis in this field.It is worth mentioning that the conclusion of smart contracts and the non-interference of man in them raises many problems, as it is known that contracts when concluded create rights and obligations for their parties; so a question comes to us on this subject, who protects these rights and obligations? What are the guarantees in the event of a breach of the contract by one of its parties? What is the mechanism for resolving disputes between its parties? Therefore, the legislation of many countries intervened and organized this issue in their own laws; in order to provide protection and reassurance for their parties, but at the same time we find that there are many legislations, including Iraqi law, that did not regulate such contracts and did not amend the laws related to contracts despite these developments.

The UAE Artificial Intelligence Strategy aims to achieve the goals of the UAE Centennial 2071 and accelerate the implementation of development programs and projects to reach the future, rely on artificial intelligence in services and data analysis at a rate of 100% by 2031, improve government performance, accelerate achievement and create innovative work environments, for the UAE government to be the first in the world to invest in artificial intelligence in its various vital sectors, create a promising new market in the region with high economic value In October 2017, the UAE government launched the UAE Artificial Intelligence (AI) Strategy, and this initiative represents the new phase after the smart government, on which services, sectors and future infrastructure in the country will depend in line with the UAE Centennial 2071, which seeks to make the UAE the best in the world in all fields.

The current study aims to identify the level of health-nutrition awareness among students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Karbala, and to compare the level of health-nutrition awareness among students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Karbala according to gender (male, female) and academic level (first, fourth). The descriptive survey approach was used to suit the study's purposes. The study was conducted on a randomly selected sample of (209) male and female students, including (107) fourth-year students and (102) first-year students. The study concluded that the general level of (health and nutrition) awareness among students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences - University of Karbala was low, with a response rate of (59%). There were no differences in the level of (health and nutrition) awareness among the study sample according to the gender variable (male and female students) as well as the academic stage variable. The researcher recommended the need for faculty members to focus on guiding students towards (health and nutrition) awareness through relevant curricula and workshops, intensifying these activities and modifying the vocabulary of related subjects if possible.

Islam created an integrated social system in which it removed all differences and made faith in God the basis of differentiation between people, Islam also fought social corruption in society and obsolete customs that do not suit the divine values and established a new system whose structure is the family and the framework of religion to raise the standard of life for the better, and this social system was based on solidarity, which was based on love, cooperation and devotion to worship, which led to integration among all its members in accordance with the principle of complete brotherhood based on the removal of social differences And tribal barriers nervous for all people became the Islamic community one body in which the interests are interconnected and unite the goals and address its problems by solutions emanating from the Islamic group and expressing his spirit and conscious will, as the Sunnah of the Prophet came rejecting many ideas and social customs that are based on discrimination and injustice, explaining the correct Islamic foundations on which the Islamic community must be based, the Islamic community in the era of prophecy is a good example for the nation in every era, and all historians have agreed that the Prophet's era has There have been radical changes in the social field and when meditating

In cognitive semantics, knowledge of the world around us is interpreted in terms of conceptualization, and the basic segment of this conceptualization is that of ‘image schemas’. Image schema is basic because it helps in understanding the linguistic meaning. It is how we map perceptual categories onto higher conceptual categories. Therefore, there exists different kinds of image schemas listed by Lakoff and Johnson, but this paper is intended to scrutinize containment and force image schemas in Twain’s “The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County”. It aims to investigate how these schemas are depicted in this specific short story which is directed to kids and how they are formed in the mind of the reader. The main difficulty in examining Containment and Force image schemas in a short story is precisely recognizing and evaluating abstract schemas within the text's intricate, overlapping, and frequently subjective narrative and metaphorical structures, which can make it difficult to see the obvious relationships between the schemas and the embodied experiences they represent.

Guidance and counseling are the primary purpose and supreme goal of the mission of all prophets and messengers. Their goal is to reform the affairs of society and elevate it to the highest levels of goodness and virtue. Since the Holy Quran is the first book of guidance for Muslims, many verses in the Holy Quran urge guidance and counseling. The word (Rashd) appears in the Holy Quran (13) times, including the Almighty’s saying: “I will turn away from My signs those who are arrogant upon the earth without right. And if they see every sign, they will not believe in it. And if they see a sign, they will not believe in it.” They see the path of right conduct, but they do not take it as a path. But if they see the path of error, they take it as a path. That is because they denied Our signs and were heedless of them. (Al-A'raf: 146) The word "right conduct" has several meanings, including (guidance, correctness, and goodness).

The research aimed to explore the role of some artificial intelligence tools as an independent variable in enhancing scientific research as a dependent variable, by conducting a survey of the opinions of students of the Department of Management Information Systems at the University of Mosul. The questionnaire form was distributed electronically, with a sample size of (162) students of the scientific department. The collected data were analyzed and the correlation and influence relationships of the research hypotheses were tested using the ready-made software (SPSS Ver.26). The research reached a number of conclusions, the most important of which are: There is a positive impact of artificial intelligence tools in scientific research, as the tools used in this research (Google Translator, QuillBot, Semantic Scholar, and (ChatGPT) showed a significant positive impact in enhancing scientific research. The research also presented several proposals, the most prominent of which are: Increasing reliance on artificial intelligence tools and their use in scientific research, as they contribute significantly to accelerating and improving research and analysis processes, especially in the field of translation, text analysis and information extraction.

The current research aims to identify the level of friendship quality among students of the College of Education for Human Sciences and to detect statistically significant differences according to the gender variable (male - female) and the stage (first - third) and the department (English language - Educational and Psychological Sciences). The research community consists of students of the College of Education/Human Sciences for the morning study for the academic year (2022-2023), which numbered (5496) male and female students, (3005) male and female students (2491) female students distributed over six departments. The researcher used the random method in selecting the research sample, where the sample consisted of (100) male and female students, by (50) male and female students, by (50) students from the first and third stages in the departments of (English language - Educational and Psychological sciences) for the morning study. The researcher used the quality of friendship scale for (Ajaj and Fadil, 2022) as a tool to collect data.

This research aims to shed light on the role of Quranic guidance in nurturing the human conscience, as a fundamental pillar in shaping the personality of the Muslim individual and promoting moral values and behavioral principles. The Holy Quran has devoted great attention to this topic, presenting an integrated approach to purifying the soul and refining the conscience, which contributes to building a balanced society based on justice and benevolence. The importance of this research also highlights the urgent need to strengthen moral restraint in contemporary societies, especially with the intellectual and moral challenges facing individuals. A living conscience based on Quranic guidance limits the spread of corruption and behavioral deviations and enhances the spirit of self-responsibility. This research reviews the concept of conscience in language and terminology, citing some Quranic descriptions of the human conscience, its types, and its objectives. It then cites selected examples from the Holy Quran and the Prophetic Sunnah that illustrate the mechanisms of this education and its impact on the individual and society, and how Quranic guidance contributes to nurturing the human conscience and controlling individual behavior. The spiritual aspects are mentioned at the end of each interpretation. Ayah.

The research showed that society in Islam is a moral society, meaning that social relations in it are built on moral ties, from affection and compassion, not on the basis of material relations only.The research confirmed that Islamic values have effects that make society a divine society, whose standard is piety, as everyone fears God Almighty in secret and in public, so there is no corruption in a divine society.The importance of the research lies in the fact that social upbringing has an influential role in the life of the child by refining his talents and preparing him for the next educational stage, which is an indispensable stage in the life of the individual.The research addressed that development is a process of comprehensive or partial continuous development and takes different forms of well-being, stability and development in accordance with its needs and social, intellectual and economic capabilities.The research concluded that the advancement of society is its adherence to Islamic values, and for a society free of deviation, it would be appropriate for some crimes and moral corruption in the society in which we live not to be affected by it.

The Palestinian cause has been the subject of an ongoing struggle on the international stage for decades, with human rights violations and ongoing Zionist settlement activity in the Palestinian territories. In light of the war of extermination waged by the Israeli occupation army on the Gaza Strip since October 7, 2023, the campaign to boycott Zionist products and countries that support the Zionist occupation has become one of the methods used by activists and supporters of the Palestinian cause around the world. This campaign aims to impose economic pressure on the Zionist entity to achieve the desired change in its policy toward the Palestinians. The economy is one of the most important areas that can be used to achieve change and contribute to supporting just causes and human rights. Among the effective strategies that enable individuals and people to express their opinions and influence policies and practices, economic boycotts stand out as a powerful and effective tool. The concept of economic boycotts is manifested in boycotting products, services, or companies that practice unfair policies or violate human rights, with the aim of imposing economic pressure. The culture of commercial boycotts carries a powerful message for companies, as they can cause significant financial losses for the targeted company. Consequently, they can force companies to reevaluate their policies and practices to meet consumer demands and expectations. The plan will include the following topics: Topic One: The concept of boycotts, their importance, and their objectives. Topic Two: The role of people in the success of economic boycotts and their impact on supporting the Palestinian cause. Topic Three: The Shari'a ruling on economic boycotts.

The author discusses the city's origins, virtues, and history. He also touches on the lives of the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), his Companions, and those who followed them. The book also includes details about the city's landmarks, such as the Prophet's Mosque, and significant and important historical events that took place there. The book is considered one of the oldest compilations of the history of Medina based on oral and written accounts. It is a primary source for many later historians, such as Ibn Sa'd, al-Samhudi, and others. It provides rich information about the social, political, and cultural life of the city during the first centuries of Islam. Despite the passage of time, some parts of the book are still preserved and available in verified editions. Written by Imam al-Hafiz Abu Zayd 'Umar ibn Shabbah al-Numayri al-Basri (173-262 AH), it is considered one of the oldest sources that deal with the history and news of Medina. It is available in its Arabic version, edited by Fahim Muhammad Shaltut, and published in 1399 AH / 1979 AD.