magazine aldhakwat albedh

This study aims to address a scientific event in the field of medicine, which is related to human engineering in terms of treatment or improvement. This science in the medical field is considered one of the important matters in diagnosing diseases that are described as genetic, and thus these diseases must be prevented, and this is only done by detecting them. With this concept, the greatness of God Almighty is clear to us related to His ability in everything, and from this greatness is what is called genetic material. In entering the field of this science, we know the greatness of God Almighty’s ability. This study came to define knowledge of the genome in terms of definition, knowledge of genetic traits, and their relationship to genes, as well as the importance of genomics. The study also targeted the relationship between theology and genomics through theological discussions, and this is clear in the art of theology not only in this topic, but in other scientific topics in this regard. Due to the importance of this topic, this research came under the title (Genomics between modern science and theology). Accordingly, the study concluded this relationship by studying theological issues, and genomics by clarifying the words of theologians from This connection, and there is no contradiction in that, and its evaluation from a theological perspective in the references to these scientific investigations, is an attempt from us in the new science of theology, then came the conclusion to the most important results that we reached through this research.

Humans are social by nature and cannot live in isolation from the community. There is no social existence for an isolated human being. As long as humans live only in a community, this community imposes a set of ties on them, including family ties, economic, social, cultural, and political ties, in addition to intertwined and conflicting ties and relationships. A political authority must exist to organize, unify, and control affairs. The best means for this is the law, which consists of a set of general rules binding on individuals and imposing penalties on those who violate them. The law, therefore, is a social necessity that regulates people’s lives and restricts the behavior of individuals in society. If we examine the restrictions imposed on human freedom and behavior in society, we find that they differ in nature and source. Some of these restrictions are imposed by the law, which are known as legal obligations, while others are imposed by religious rules, customs, and social norms. Therefore, we find the importance of the judiciary in resolving disputes and conflicts and ruling between individuals based on custom. Given the large number of disputes and the inability of the official judiciary to To expedite the resolution of these disputes, another mechanism must be provided to contribute to their resolution. This mechanism exists in Iraqi society, known as tribal arbitration sessions, which have become widely prevalent in Iraqi society over the past decade. Among the reasons that led to their emergence are alternative systems for resolving disputes between individuals and an attempt to achieve justice in society. Most individuals have resorted to this tribal mechanism to settle disputes amicably because it is faster, more flexible, and its procedures are simple. It helps disputants reach a settlement that satisfies both parties, away from formal judicial procedures. Its work is not limited to social and civil aspects, but also includes resolving commercial disputes between individuals and state institutions.

The study of dialects paid clear attention to Arabic dialects in general, and this is a morphological study in al Ramadi city dialect.It dealt with morphological changes in it, and included issues such as feminization and masculinity, fail and feal, metathesis which means the changing and delaying on the order letters of singular word, deletion and receipt, faeel with fatha and kasra, also kasra of present tense letters, beginning with a consonant , altakseer plurals forms, exaggerated forms, the Simile adjective , and the noun of time, place, and machine.

This study examines the stance of Abd al-Karim Qasim on the Iraqi Personal Status Law No. 188 of 1959, one of the most progressive and influential legal reforms in modern Iraqi history. The research explores the political and social context preceding the law’s enactment, the drafting process, and Qasim’s decisive role in supporting and implementing the legislation.
The study finds that Qasim viewed the law as a cornerstone in his broader project to build a modern, civil state based on equality and social justice. Despite strong opposition from religious authorities and traditional institutions, Qasim insisted on the law’s legitimacy and its alignment with the spirit of Islamic jurisprudence.
The research concludes that the Personal Status Law symbolized a turning point in Iraq’s legal history, significantly advancing women›s rights and redefining the relationship between religion and the state. Qasim’s support for the law reflected his commitment to progressive reform, even at the cost of political backlash.

This study presents an in-depth jurisprudential analysis of the Prophetic hadith: «The most deserving thing for which you should receive payment is the Book of Allah.» This narration has long been a focal point of scholarly debate among jurists throughout Islamic history due to its implications regarding the permissibility of receiving compensation for services related to the Qur›an. The significance of this research lies in its engagement with a question that remains subject to contemporary ijtihād, particularly in light of the increasing institutional reliance on remuneration-based practices in fields such as Qur’anic education, spiritual healing (ruqyah), memorization, calligraphy, Qur’anic competitions, official institutions, and paid religious courses. The study concludes that the preponderant opinion, supported by both textual evidence and the objectives (maqāṣid) of Sharia, is that it is permissible to receive compensation for Qur’an-related activities, provided that clear Sharia-based conditions are met and no theological or financial harm is incurred. The foundation of this permissibility rests on the necessity of preserving reverence for the Qur’an, ensuring the continuity of its instruction, and supporting its teachers and practitioners — not as a means of trade or commodification, but as a facilitative mechanism grounded in necessity and dignity. By harmonizing the apparent meaning of the hadith with the higher objectives of Sharia — namely, the removal of hardship and the pursuit of communal sufficiency — the research advocates for the institutional codification of this ruling within Qur’anic organizations through clearly defined religious guidelines. It also recommends developing educational programs that balance between the spiritual objectives of worship and the practical demands of modern life. Furthermore, it emphasizes that teachers and spiritual healers must direct their intentions sincerely to God, using compensation as a means and not an end, in order to safeguard the spirit of sincerity and avoid the intrusion of financial motives into the sacred realm of devotion.

This research was presented to clarify the deviant approach and warn against it in order to protect the Book of God Almighty from those who doubt it, whether in terms of the text or in terms of meaning. In this regard, thinkers emerged who caused a great uproar in their writings, between those who support them and those who oppose them. It was necessary to stand on the perceptions of these writers and thinkers, and to determine the features of their thought and their view of it, and those who tried to find contradictions in its verses in order to reshape the Holy Qur’an in a new production, under the name of (scientific research) and (objectivity) and the search for the truth. God Almighty prepared in every age critics and rational people from Muslims and others to uncover the depths of these plans and conspiracies, and refute them with arguments and evidence, in multiple studies and different occasions. The research was divided into three demands: the first of them is entitled: Criticism of the wrong perceptions in doubting the truth of revelation, the second is entitled: Criticism of the wrong perceptions in denying the Qur’anic stories, and the third is entitled: The wrong perceptions in modern interpretations of the verses of the Holy Qur’an. It began with an introduction followed by a conclusion in which it was explained The most important results reached by the research, then concluded with a statement of recommendations and a list of sources and references relied upon in the research.

This research aims to collect the non-explicit preferential formulas used by Imam al-Hakim al-Jashmi in his interpretation, and the extent of his attention to formulas to arrive at the most reliable opinions. This is especially true given his extensive experience in various Islamic sciences, particularly in Quranic interpretation. Therefore, I wanted to present this research, titled «Non-Explicit Preference Formulas and Their Expressions in Imam al-Hakim al-Jashmi›s Interpretation of al-Tahdhib fi al-Tafsir.» I followed this inductive approach, which includes an introduction and two sections, each of which addresses several issues. The first section introduces Imam al-Hakim al-Jashmi, his name, lineage, kunya, birth, upbringing, and death. It also discusses his most important teachers and students, his scholarly works, and his interpretation.
The second section examines the seven non-explicit preferential formulas, each illustrated with an example that matches its counterparts in the rest of his book. I then conclude the research with a conclusion that includes the most important findings and recommendations, followed by a list of sources and references.

This study aims to identify the peace treaty of Imam Hassan bin Ali bin Abi Talib (peace be upon him) which was concluded in the year (41 AH) and to know the most important reasons for which the peace treaty was concluded, as well as to know the most prominent results left behind by the peace treaty and to explain the impact of the political and social peace treaty on the Islamic nation. The researcher used in this study the descriptive approach which is concerned with describing the phenomenon or problem as it is without addition or subtraction. The researcher reached a group of results, the most important of which is that the peace treaty of Imam Hassan (peace be upon him) was like a clear conquest for the Islamic nation because of the effects it left behind, the most important of which was the preservation of the blood of Muslims. Also, the peace treaty of Imam Hassan (peace be upon him) was a wonderful process of revealing the nature of the Umayyad rule, and revealing the truth of the racist spirit. Also, the peace treaty of Imam Hassan (peace be upon him) paved the way for the major issue, which is the issue of Imam Hussein (peace be upon him) in Karbala in the year (61 AH), which is one of the major issues of the Islamic nation in what it paved the way for the march against their common enemy. One of the positive results of the peace treaty was that security prevailed in the entire nation for ten years after the signing of the peace document and Imam Hassan emerged (PBUH) as a divine religious authority, and before him his father Ali bin Abi Talib (PBUH) and after him his brother Hussein (PBUH) were mentioned in the hadiths of the Prophet. The peace treaty is considered one of the most prominent historical events in Islam, as it is considered an important strategic step that embodies wisdom and flexibility in facing challenges, as it sheds light on the most important reasons that led to taking this fateful decision for the Islamic nation. As for the problem of research, it lies in knowing the reasons for which the peace treaty was concluded, and the most important of these reasons are the political circumstances at the time of the peace treaty and before it, as well as the military circumstances and external dangers surrounding the countries of Muslims.

The Arab Islamic thinker Ibn Khaldun addressed the study of the state, devoting his full attention to it, fully understanding its essence through his study and theorizing. He addressed it in his study through the experiences he gained from his political career, holding political and legal positions. Among the ideas that Ibn Khaldun instilled in the state is the discourse on...
Regarding its foundations and components that make it a state in the political sense, he devotes approximately one-third of the introduction to researching them. He studies the state in its established and developing states, presenting his views on its expansion, contraction, division, phases, and generations.

Researching the lives of the hadith scholars is an important matter to know who was just, reliable, and who fulfilled the trust in the most perfect way, which is conveying the message of the Messenger of God (may God bless him and his family and grant them peace). The hadith scholar (Hisham bin Abi Bakr bin Abdullah bin Sanbar Al-Rab’i) was one of these hadith scholars and one of those who had a great influence in the transmission of the hadiths of the Messenger (may God bless him and his family and grant them peace) to us in the most perfect way.

This study addresses the issue of the hijab from a jurisprudential perspective, highlighting its legislative, social, and cultural dimensions. It emphasizes that the hijab is not merely an external appearance, but rather a divine obligation aimed at protecting women›s dignity and preserving the identity of society. The research demonstrates that the obligation of hijab is firmly established in the Qur›an and Sunnah and supported by scholarly interpretations and jurisprudential consensus. The study also examines the conditions and regulations governing proper hijab observance and explores the causes behind the weakening of commitment to it amidst contemporary challenges, such as media influence and the decline of religious values. The findings conclude that addressing these issues requires enhancing religious and social awareness, promoting positive role models, and effectively implementing the principles of enjoining good and forbidding evil in ways that are relevant to the modern context.

This research sheds light on a significant issue in the science of Usul al-Fiqh: the disagreement among scholars regarding the validity of consensus (ijmaʿ) after a previous disagreement. This matter greatly influences the process of deriving Islamic legal rulings and determining the authority of such consensus. The study is divided into two main sections:
The first section discusses the definition of ijmaʿ, both linguistically and technically, and explains that it refers to the agreement of all qualified jurists from the Muslim ummah in a particular era after the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ on a specific legal ruling. Ijmaʿ is considered one of the primary sources of Islamic legislation and holds a prominent position in legal reasoning. The section also explores the various types of ijmaʿ, such as explicit, tacit, general, and specific consensus, and highlights the scholars› differing views on the validity of some types, though most agree on the authority of definitive ijmaʿ.
The second section addresses the controversial issues related to ijmaʿ, particularly whether consensus can be established after a previous scholarly disagreement. Scholars are divided—some argue that earlier dissent prevents later consensus, while others believe consensus can still occur if agreement is reached afterward. The section also includes contemporary examples illustrating how this debate impacts modern Islamic jurisprudence, reflecting the relevance and influence of this issue in current legal verdicts and religious rulings.

Surat Al-Ikhlas is one of the doctrinal surahs that spoke about the attributes of perfection for God Almighty, and proved His absolute oneness, free from similarity in His essence, attributes and actions, and responded to those who slandered Him, glory be to Him, who attributed to Him a son and offspring from among the Jews, Christians and polytheists of the Arabs. The Qur’anic talk in Surat Al-Ikhlas varied about the oneness of God and His oneness, through the cosmic facts that indicate His oneness and the denial of partners for Him, through the rational facts that impose the impossibility of a partner and the proof of His eternity, which denies His being born and denies His being a place of change and transformation for the son to emerge from Him, and clarifies the idea of oneness that rejects the existence of anything similar to Him in the nature of existence.

Prophecies and religious beliefs played a pivotal role in shaping the political and religious system of ancient Egypt. Among these beliefs, the idea of the «savior» emerged as a fundamental element in constructing the legitimate powers of the monarchy and the authority of the pharaohs. In pharaonic texts and myths, the savior embodied a multifaceted personality, blending divine and human perspectives, and could symbolize the hope of restoring order and justice (maat) after a period of chaos or diversity , Religious prophecies, announced through priests and sacred texts, were political tools backed by a tinge of right-handedness. These prophecies helped portray the pharaoh not just as a human ruler, but as a mediator who could only achieve salvation after the system was established. The idea of a savior became a means of strengthening popular loyalty and consolidating the pharaohs› power at both the political and religious levels.

After World War II, the political landscape of Jordan experienced significant ideological transformatio Various parties emerged, representing nationalist, socialist, liberal, and Islamic orientations. Key parties such as the National Socialist Party, the Arab Ba›ath Party, and the Muslim Brotherhood reflected the broader regional and global dynamics shaping the nation.
These political groups played an active role in raising political and social awareness by organizing conferences, publishing newspapers, and educating the public on issues such as national independence, social justice, and Arab unity. They were instrumental in promoting democratic ideals, human rights awareness, and anti-colonial sentiment among the Jordanian people.
By 1957, following a major political crisis involving an attempted coup, the government imposed strict measures leading to the suspension of political parties. Despite their dissolution, these parties left a lasting legacy, deeply influencing Jordanian social and political consciousness for decades to come.

The Japanese-Chinese conflict arose as a result of Japan›s ambitions to enter the arena of international competition. It turned its attention to the islands near its borders belonging to neighboring countries. It worked to develop its military capabilities and create a samurai force for regional expansion, especially after the arrival of the French mission in 1880. This mission played a role in directing Japan›s compass toward waging a series of regional wars over the islands belonging to China, the most important of which was Korea. This represented a historical turning point in military warfare, as it drew it into confrontation with China and Tsarist Russia, which also had both ambitions and fears of the Japanese army controlling Korean territory. By 1938, the Japanese army in Korean territory had reached nearly 700,000 soldiers, after which it headed toward central Korea. South China fought to control its territory, but the outbreak of World War II and the shifting balance of power caused it to lose to the attacks of the Allies and the Chinese revolutionaries led by Mao Zedong. On January 2, 1945, Mao declared the expulsion of the Japanese and the establishment of the People›s Republic of China.

Praise be to God, Lord of the Worlds, and prayers and peace be upon the best of God’s creation, the Master of Messengers and the Seal of the Prophets, our Master Muhammad, and upon his pure and good family and companions.
Research into logical rules and their applications is an important research that is included in many sciences, including theology. The importance of research lies in the fact that it contributes to the realization and clarification of the scientific logical methodology and its rules in theology in general and in research on the necessity of consideration and knowledge in particular, by clarifying theological discussions in this topic through the rules of logic in its two known areas, conceptual and affirmative, i.e. research on definition and logical inferences.

Popular proverbs are a true reflection of a society’s culture and ways of thinking. They are the culmination of accumulated human experiences, shaped by people in their everyday language, embodying their visions and attitudes toward life and social relations. Proverbs have occupied a large portion of Arab oral heritage and have occupied a distinguished place in the collective memory of peoples, conveying wisdom, sarcasm, criticism, and guidance, delivered in a concise and eloquent style that pierces the soul.

The kidney is one of the most important parts of the human body, as it functions as a filter to purify fluids and blood from impurities, remove waste and toxic substances from the blood, and excrete them from the body through urine. It also controls the amount of fluid, sodium, and potassium in the body. Kidney disease occurs when the kidneys become unable to properly eliminate waste, which may lead to kidney failure.
The disease can be chronic or acute, and the most important causes of kidney disease are diabetes, high blood pressure, complications that may occur from certain medications, cancer, prostate problems, and hereditary kidney diseases

There is no doubt that the involvement of women in political work in any country was not an easy matter, as it was faced by many obstacles at various levels, especially social ones, which stereotyped women within the norms and traditions of their collectives, and defined them as a stereotypical femininity that conflicted with the nature of political work, which was considered a masculine domain par excellence. With the passage of historical eras, women began to gradually overcome those obstacles and that stereotype, and demonstrated the importance of their participation in political decision-making of their countries, This is what happened with the women of the United States of America, who began their struggle to gain their right to vote, like their male counterparts, since the second half of the nineteenth century. They did not gain it until 1920 with the approval of the Nineteenth Amendment to the American Constitution, and then moved to a new stage of the struggle, which is to become a member of the country’s legislative councils, represented by the American House of Representatives and the Senate. This was not easy either, especially since granting women their right to vote did not mean for many Americans their eligibility to run in the elections. Hence, the article came to shed light on the history of women’s entry into the US Congress, the nature of their membership in it, and the extent of the trust given to them to work within its corridors.

The current research aims to identify:
1. The level of soft skills among practitioners in colleges of education, from the perspective of the educational supervisor.
2. The level of teaching competencies among practitioners in colleges of education, from the perspective of the educational supervisor.
3. The correlation between soft skills and teaching competencies among practitioners in colleges of education from the perspective of the educational supervisor.
The current research community is defined as the practicing students in the Department of Educational and Psychological Sciences/College of Education for Humanities/University of Wasit for morning studies for the academic year 2024/2025, numbering (93) practitioners, both male and female, who were all selected as a exploratory and basic sample for the research. To achieve the research objectives, the researcher prepared two scales for soft skills and teaching competencies. The soft skills scale consisted of six dimensions and its final form consisted of (34) items, while the teaching competencies scale consisted of seven domains and its total number of items was (75) teaching competencies. The researcher applied the two scales to the research sample. After statistically processing the research results using the Statistical Package for the Human Sciences (SPSS), the following results were revealed:
There is a good level of soft skills and teaching competencies among the practicing students, and the relationship is a statistically significant direct relationship between the soft skills scale and each domain. Teaching competencies, and in light of the research results, the researcher developed a set of conclusions, recommendations and proposals.

The purpose of this research is to examine technological awareness and its relationship with digital educational loafing among university students. The researcher employed a descriptive method to achieve the research objectives and selected a main sample of 200 students (male and female) from the College of Education at the University of Wasit. To meet the study goals, the researcher developed a scale for technological awareness, consisting of 32 items across four dimensions, based on theoretical background and educational and psychological literature. Additionally, a scale for digital educational loafing was constructed, comprising 30 items. The psychometric properties of both scales were determined, focusing on validity (both face and construct validity) and reliability through Cronbach›s alpha internal consistency. The research findings indicated the following:
- There is a presence of technological awareness among university students.
- There is no digital educational loafing among university students.
- There is no correlational relationship between technological awareness and digital educational loafing among university students.

Abstract:
The study of the age, gender and environmental structure of the population in Abu Ghraib district is of great importance in population studies, because its impact is clear on some demographic characteristics such as births, deaths and population migration, which greatly affects the movement of labor, especially skilled labor. Therefore, the study aims to clarify the age, gender and environmental structure of the population and its geographical distribution between administrative units and to address the reasons that lead to the variation in geographical distribution between administrative units. The general population census for the year 1997 and population estimates for the year 2023 were relied upon. The research dealt with the study of the structure in three sections: the first section is the age structure, which was divided into three categories: young people, youth and the elderly. The second section is the gender structure, where the research dealt with the gender ratio in the district and its variation between administrative units, as well as with regard to males and females. The third section is the environmental structure, which explains the variation in population distribution b