Al-Esraa university college journal for social and humanity sciences

The research is devoted to studying the authority of administrative
investigation in Iraqi law, and what is covered by the Law of Discipline of State and
Public Sector Employees No. (14) of 1991, amended through Article (10/First and
Second), the authority responsible for investigating the employee, the scope of the
committeee's work, the qualities of the committee members, and the factors that
affect On the work of the committee, and what was covered by the disciplinary
penalties Imposed on the violating employee, and then examining the guarantees
established for the benefit of the employee, which were granted by the State
Employees Discipline Law by identifying the authority responsible for the penalty
before conducting the administrative investigation, notifying the violating employee
of referring him for investigation and informing him of the evidence according
to which he was then referred. For investigation, and his appearance before the
committee to defend himself. The research also addressed the guarantees that the
employee enjoys when the penalty is imposed and after the penalty is imposed.

With the advancement of technology and the use of the Internet, electronic
crimes have spread, including electronic fraud crimes. Despite the advantages of
technological progress, there are those who exploit cyberspace to carry out some
material acts that represent criminal behavior, exploiting those who are hesitant and
use this field in their search for using technology to find businesses that generate
profits that help them with the requirements of life, which are always on the rise and
which make individuals resort to this vast space in search of opportunities to create
an income for themselves. Unfortunately, they sometimes collide with those who
exploit cyberspace and impostors who delude those who are hesitant about the
existence of financial gains in exchange for Participating with them and operating
their money, in various forms of attraction, either through fake competitions or by
impersonating trading companies and other forms of electronic fraud that we will
be exposed to through our research, until it became that this money that users
send to these fake entities exceeds billions of dollars worldwide, which constitutes
a dangerous phenomenon that is reflected in societies from an economic and social
perspective, as it creates behind it many psychological problems, psychological
harm and destruction of families by the victim providing all the money he owns
or through borrowing in many cases, which results in his loss of this money from
psychological harm and destruction of many families and weakens the confidence
of individuals in entering the field of electronic commerce. Therefore, this study
aims to search for the criminal policy that must be followed to confront electronic
fraud crimes and ways to confront them at the national and international level

This research explores how the director employs the actor's body to build the
visual form in contemporary Iraqi theatrical performance. The researcher divided his
research into four chapters, in the first of which he addressed (the methodological
framework) the research problem, which he defined with the following question
(Was the director able to employ the actor's body as a tool? Visual can be installed
with the rest of the elements involved in the show to produce the visual form
of the show?), As for the importance of the research, the research identified
professionals and amateurs, including directors and actors working in the field of
theater, in addition to artistic and educational institutions as the most prominent

bodies concerned with the research. The goal of the research lies in knowing How
the director employs the actor's body to be a plastic tool in drawing the theatrical
scene. Then the researcher set limits for the research and defined its terms and
defined them procedurally. As for the second chapter (the theoretical framework),
it consists of two sections, the first (the body as a theatrical concept), in which he
touched on the development of the concept of working on the body with ... The
stages of development of the theatrical process. The second section (elements of
the visual scene), in which the researcher touched on the most important theatrical
elements involved in the process of constructing the show in addition to the actor,
and then the researcher reviewed the most important indicators that resulted from
the theoretical framework. The researcher also specified the third chapter for the
research procedures, which included the research community, which he defined
as a play (0+0=0), which he chose intentionally to suit the research requirements,
and which he used the descriptive approach in analyzing, and then he specified
the research tool and sample analysis, while the fourth chapter included (Results
and conclusions), the most important results that resulted from the analysis of the sample according to the indicators of the theoretical framework, the most important
of which are: (The director began his visual works to demonstrate reliance on the
actor's body in drawing and shaping the space in unilateral, bilateral, and collective
visual forms, employing the bodies of his actors in creating those forms). According
to the results, a set of conclusions emerged, the most important of which is (the
most prominent use of the director's bodies in his kinetic formulation of the show
is to demonstrate the motor skill of his actors in conveying the idea of the show
according to a visual and aesthetic formulation without the need to resort to verbal
expression). Then the researcher ended by reviewing a list of the sources he used in
preparing his research and a summary in English.

Drugs and psychotropic substances constitute a major problem in societies
around the world, as they cause many health, social and economic problems,
including job loss, the disintegration of families, and increased levels of crime and
violence. The research aimed to identify what are the international, regional and
national measures to combat this scourge and what laws have been enacted to
address this problem, as the matter requires multi-level efforts, the first of which
is international and global cooperation to reduce this phenomenon, including
comprehensive awareness about the health and social risks of drug abuse.
Providing support and treatment for those suffering from addiction, tightening
control and enforcing laws to reduce drug smuggling and distribution, and
providing job opportunities, education and training for young people to reduce the
opportunities that may push them to crime and addiction. The research reached
conclusions, the most important of which are: Iraqi governments at various times
have taken important steps to combat the phenomenon of addiction, abuse, and
drug trafficking, as deterrent laws have been put in place that aim to restrict the
spread of this phenomenon and combat it effectively. Among the most important
recommendations that came: It is to enhance international cooperation and joint
action between countries in the field of drug control, which is considered crucial.

The current study deals with the analysis of licensing round contracts in the
field of oil investment. The importance of this issue arises in that the oil industry is
considered one of the most important sources of income in oil-rich countries, and
has a major role in the global economy, and licensing contracts can significantly
affect the economic and political operations of these countries. The main
problem addressed in this study includes the legal and regulatory challenges and
obstacles that may hinder the implementation of these contracts and affect their
effectiveness and transparency. The aim of this research is to identify and analyze
the factors that affect licensing contracts And suggest recommendations to improve
its implementation in the future. The descriptive analytical method was used in this
study, where data was collected through review and analysis. The most prominent
results of this research are the following: According to Article (24) of the Iraqi Oil
and Gas Law No. (22) of 2007, foreign companies do not have ownership rights
over oil and gas reserves in Iraq, and are only allowed to operate under service
contracts or production sharing contracts. Based on Article (11) of the same law,
all oil investment contracts in Iraq are subject to prior approval by the Council of
Ministers and ratification by the House of Representatives.
The study showed that Iraq has succeeded in attracting large foreign oil
investments through licensing rounds conducted since 2009, which contributed to
significantly increasing oil production. According to Article 35 of the Oil and Gas
Law, all disputes related to oil investment contracts are subject to international
arbitration, which enhances confidence among foreign companies.

The spread of modern means of communication, including the Internet, news
agencies, satellites, and giant information networks that transmit everything in less
than the blink of an eye, has had a major impact on violating privacy and eliminating
the sanctity of Private life has become largely private, and the boundaries and
differences between what is public and what is private have dissolved, and the most
intimate secrets of individuals and their privacy have become published on social
media sites and put up for public discussion. If it were not for the spread of modern
means of communication, it would not have been possible to reveal privacy on such
a large scale. Al people's secrets and privacy have been published under the name
of freedom of publication, without limits or restrictions, which would cause harm to
individuals and families that cannot be repaired or avoided at any cost and without
any benefit. Society gets used to publishing these secrets and details.
Which brings with it the strong need to establish precise and decisive controls
to achieve a kind of balance between the freedom of the media, as it is the most
important and most dangerous of freedoms, and the sanctity of private life, as it is
the most dangerous and most important human rights of all. If the media has the
right to publish what it sees, it has complete freedom. However, this is conditional
on it not representing an attack on the rights of individuals to enjoy their private
lives. We will attempt through this study to explain how both Islamic law and
statutory legislation were able to provide protection for the right to the sanctity of
private life.

The research is summed up in studying the history of the plastic arts movement
in Iraq and in different temporal and historical stages in general. The research also
relied on a descriptive analysis of the works of some plastic artists in particular (Faiq
Hassan, Mahood Ahmed and Hassan Abed Alwan), and revealing the depth of the
originality of their artistic works among (Influence and influence) and the extent to
which it is stripped of the influences of the various innovative and contemporary
foreign schools that have adopted the concept of form represented by the value of
color technology at the expense of content or essence. In our research, we here do
not eliminate the role of contemporary artistic methods in innovation and renewal
that is in line with the spirit of the times, but rather we call for their immersion in
the heritage. Artistic to produce artistic works that carry in their forms and essence
the characteristics of identity, privacy and uniqueness with a new personal vision.

There is also no doubt that the desires and whims of the soul may deviate
from the right path, so there had to be a control to curb them. The heavenly laws
took care of that, so they set the standard of punishment, followed by positive
laws aiming to preserve and protect society, so they imposed punishment on
whoever commits a crime that violates its systems and provisions. This punishment
developed rapidly with the passage of time and ages, which made the legislator
active in explaining the reasons that called for its existence and the actions to which
it is applied, detailing everything that could interfere in determining it, and finally
explaining those circumstances that might affect it, in aggravating or mitigating it, or
completely exempting from it. For all this, the Iraqi legislator, like other legislations,
has estimated in advance that there are circumstances associated with the crime
and accompany it and its perpetrators, which affect the punishment in particular.
He stipulated several circumstances that he made a reason for aggravation or
mitigation, but his policy in explaining this was limited to mentioning them on the
occasion of defining some crimes and did not establish a general theory to organize
them, which made both jurisprudence and the judiciary undertake the research
in order to reach the details and particulars of the aggravating circumstances
and mitigating excuses that may surround the crime and that may be sought in
particular by the judiciary when practicing their duties and applying the articles of
the Penal Code and explaining the extent of the role of aggravating circumstances in
the punishments of types of murder and their effect on reducing recidivism.

Eiji Nagasawa is a prominent Japanese scientist with a career that combines
innovation and excellence in the fields of engineering and technology. He began
his academic journey with excellence in electrical engineering, which led him to
complete his graduate studies and obtain a Ph.D. During his career, Nagasawa
contributed to the development of many advanced technologies in power systems
and communications. Nagasawa is distinguished by his pioneering research
published in prestigious scientific journals, and contributed to the improvement
and development of modern technology. Through his academic work, he trained
and qualified generations of engineers, and enriched the scientific community with
important innovations, making him a role model in professional excellence and

innovation.

The research aims to identify the importance of human resource management
practices (independent variable) through (attraction and appointment, training,
motivation, performance evaluation) and their impact on organizational citizenship
behaviors (dependent variable) through (altruism, civilized behavior, courtesy, good
conscience, sportsmanship) in the Ministry of Culture, Tourism and Antiquities in
Baghdad. A random intentional sample of (39) workers was selected from a total of (70)
workers. The descriptive analytical approach and the questionnaire were used, which
is a main tool for research, data collection and analysis using a number of statistical
methods. A number of conclusions were shown, the most important of which was: the
existence of a relationship of influence of human resource management practices on
organizational citizenship behaviors in the organization under study.

The counterpoint style is one of the rhetorical styles that we find in the
poetry of the ancients and moderns. The poet Muhammad Manla Ghazil used this
style in his poetic texts, as it formed an aesthetic phenomenon that had its impact
and impact in the collection (The Near Morning). The poet's use of the counterpoint
style reflected the principle of matching words to the requirements of the situation.
It is the essence of eloquence. We find him using this method as a mirror of his
psychological interaction with the event, which he molds into the form of the
poetic text, which made this a stylistic feature of the poet, in his poetic production,
consistent with what we found in his poetic approach, which was refined through
his study and culture, as well as He was influenced by his social environment, and
the events it carried that affected the poet, and all of this is in his poetry, and when
the poet uses the arts of rhetoric and language in general.

This study aims to explore strategies and techniques for developing creative
thinking in teaching mathematics and developing students' ability to solve problems.
A wide range of tools, methods and techniques that can be used to stimulate
creative thinking and enhance students' ability to deal with mathematical problems
was reviewed.Encouraging innovative thinking and going outside the box in solving
mathematical problems has been shown to be an important strategy. This can be
achieved by providing open-ended questions and unconventional mathematical
challenges that motivate students to use new methods and ideas in solving problems.
Cooperative learning has also been shown to be effective in developing creative
thinking and developing problem-solving skills. Teams can be formed to solve
difficult mathematical problems or plan innovative mathematical projects, which
helps exchange ideas and foster inspiration among students.Advanced technologies
have also shown a crucial role in developing creative thinking in mathematics
teaching. Computer programs and interactive mathematics applications can be
used to provide tools and environments for students to explore, experiment, and
innovate in problem solving.The study found that developing creative thinking in
teaching mathematics contributes to enhancing students' ability to solve problems
in innovative and effective ways. This can be achieved by using various strategies
and techniques to stimulate creative thinking and encourage students to approach
mathematical challenges innovatively and flexibly. The study recommends that
schools and teachers should adopt these strategies and techniques in teaching
mathematics, and provide an educational environment that encourages students
to think creatively and develop problem-solving skills. It also indicates the need to
conduct more research and development in this field to improve understanding and
practical application to develop creative thinking in mathematics education.

If the preventive measures are unable to prevent the infringement that
occurs against any individual, whether by the media or any other person, or these
measures are able to stop the infringement after it has begun, then the legislator
has established the consequences that result from this infringement, whether
penal or civil. The fulfillment of the contractual and negligent civil liability of the
media person has an impact on it, namely compensation for the damage that befell
the injured person, which is an amount of money or any satisfaction of the type of
damage equivalent to the benefit that the creditor would have received had the
debtor carried out his obligation in the manner required by good faith. It requires
trust in transactions.

The obligation to negotiate is the first obligation that arises when applying the
principle of good faith. We have noted that this principle obliges the parties to the
contract to commit to implementing the duties that arise from it, while the other
obligation imposed by this principle is the obligation to continue the negotiations.
Although the negotiating parties have the freedom to enter into negotiations and
continue them or end them according to the principle of freedom of contract, the
principles of justice and considerations of logic according to the principle of good
faith require the establishment of guarantees for the negotiating parties, for fear
that one of the parties will abandon the negotiation after preparing the other party
to contract. Therefore, we see that the two parties are committed to continuing
the negotiations and reaching the final result, which may include concluding the
contract or not reaching an agreement to conclude the contract.

The crime of illicit gain is one of the crimes related to public money and
public office, as we find that the legislator grants the employee, under the laws,
regulations and instructions, multiple powers and competencies in order to enable
him to perform his duties in the best possible way, in order to achieve the goals that
the administration seeks to achieve, and here the employee must do his work and
perform his duties according to the specialization he enjoys and to achieve the goals
of the public administration that it seeks to achieve, and this cannot be achieved
unless the employee performs his work with integrity and professionalism, and
does not devote his effort and use his job to achieve personal goals and interests,
and achieve illicit gain at the expense of the public office. The issue of illicit gain

is of great importance, as it is one of the means that the legislator has resorted
to combating the scourge of administrative and financial corruption, which has
expanded in Iraq, as it is often difficult to know some of the crimes committed in
the field of public office such as the crime of (bribery or benefit from the public
office) which leads to the enrichment of the public employee at the expense of his
job and because of it.

نظرا لزيادة استخدام الوسائط الرقمية في الفصول الداسية ، اصبح امر حتمي
اعتماد بعض هذه التقنيات الحديثة في التدريس. في الوقت الحاضر، تتنافس المدارس
علي تنفيذ واستخدام المعلومات الغنية المجانية المتوفرة عبر الانترنت في المواقف
التعليمية، ويعتبر موقع "يوتيوب" اضافة متميزة خصوصاً للمدارس الخاصة، لذلك يسعى
هذا البحث الى معرفة ما اذا كان هنالك تاثير ايجابي لاستخدام موقع "يوتيوب" كأداة
تعليمية ، خاصة في تحسين مهارات التواصل الشفهي للطلاب مقارنة مع اقرانهم
مستخدمي الطريقة التقليدية في التدريس.
حددت هذه الدراسة مدرسة الشروق الأبتدائية الحكومية في ميسان للعام الدراسي
2024-2023 كنموذج لأجراء البحث، حيث تم استخدام التصميم التجريبي في البحث
وقسم المشاركين الى مجموعتان تجريبية وضابطة، تم فيها تطبيق التعلم بأستخدام أحدى
قنوات موقع يوتيوب على المجموعة التجريبية واعتمد المنهج التقليدي في التدريس
المجموعة الضابطة داخل الفصل .
شملت تقنية جمع البينات استخدام اختبارات قبلية وبعدية لقياس مهارات التحدث،
بالاضافة الى قوائم المراقبة ونماذج تفاعل الطلاب لقياس مدى تفاعلهم اثناء التدخل التعليمي.
أثناء استخدام التحليل الاحصائي تم قياس مدى التحسن في مهارات التحدث
ومستوى التفاعل والثقة لدى المشاركين في كلا المجموعتين .
تقدم نتائج هذا البحث رؤى وحلول تعليمية حديثة لتدريس اللغة الانكليزية كلغة
أجنبية على المستوى الابتدائي فيما يتعلق باستخدام الوسائل السمعية والبصرية ودورها
في تشجيع المتعلمين على التحدث ومدى فعاليتها تظهر نتائج هذا البحث وجود فرق دال
إحصائيًا بين درجة الاختبار البعدي للمجموعة التجريبية التي بلغت 85.0، مقارنةً بمتوسط
درجة المجموعة الضابطة الذي بلغ 70.0. وهذا يعني أن استخدام مقاطع فيديو اليوتيوب
التي توفر تفاعلات يعزز الجانب الديناميكي لتعلم اللغة، حيث يمكن للمتعلمين رؤية اللغة
الحقيقية أثناء الاستخدام وإعادة إنتاجها دون قيود تتعلق بالوقت أو السياق.