AL-Anbar University journal of Economic and Administration Sciences

The study aims to clarify the role of electronic management functions—namely planning, organizing, and controlling—in enhancing the management information system (MIS) with its components (inputs, processes, system, and feedback) among employees of the Erbil Governorate Nationality Directorate within the Ministry of Interior. It also seeks to determine the nature of the relationships of correlation and influence between the study variables, considering electronic management as the independent variable and the management information system as the dependent variable. The study, through its general framework, identified the research problem by posing several questions centered around the nature of the relationship and influence between the independent and dependent variables. To test the hypotheses, the descriptive-analytical method was adopted, involving the description of research variables and the examination of the correlation and influence between them. The field of the study was represented by the Ministry of Interior, specifically the Erbil Nationality Directorate, which employs (202) staff members. The research sample was limited to employees working in Information Technology - National ID, totaling (70) employees, including (10) specialists working in electronic system maintenance. A total of (60) questionnaires were distributed among employees directly involved with the electronic system for issuing national ID cards. Of these, (54) questionnaires were returned, and (49) questionnaires were deemed valid for statistical analysis. The hypotheses were tested using a set of statistical analyses and tests through the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS V.26). The study reached several conclusions, the most important of which was the existence of a significant relationship and a positive influence of electronic management functions on the management information system at both the overall and partial levels. The study recommended developing the technological infrastructure within organizations, updating and modernizing electronic devices to ensure their compatibility with the latest technologies and standards, and providing training courses for employees to effectively use electronic systems

This take a look at investigates the impact of servant management on ladies’ empowerment and its subsequent affect on social justice and sustainable improvement. Drawing on a quantitative research layout, statistics had been collected from 312 woman employees working in public and personal area groups in Erbil, Kurdistan Region of Iraq. The take a look at employed a based questionnaire and used structural equation modeling (SEM) to check the proposed relationships. Findings reveal a giant superb impact of servant management on girls’ empowerment, which in flip enhances perceptions of social justice and promotes sustainable improvement tasks. Theoretical implications extend the servant management framework by using integrating gender empowerment as a mediating mechanism for accomplishing equitable societal consequences. Practically, the examine gives insights for policymakers and organizational leaders aiming to foster inclusive leadership environments that aid gender fairness and lengthy-time period improvement dreams. The paper contributes uniquely by using situating servant management inside the socio-cultural context of the Middle East, an underexplored place in management and gender studies. Future research is endorsed to employ longitudinal designs and qualitative strategies to explore the dynamic and contextual dimensions of this courting. This studies advances the dialogue on inclusive management and aligns with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), specially SDG five (Gender Equality) and SDG sixteen (Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions).

The embrace of technology-based change is becoming a significant driver and enhancer of conventional banking services while impacting conventional organizations and their ways of engaging with customers. The purpose of this study is to analyze how the traditional banking industry embraces new technologies in its services, including AI, block chain and mobile banking. A combination of qualitative data collected from participants in banking industry and university together with the quantitative analysis of corporate performance measurements is employed in the study. Key findings highlight several advantages: enhanced accessibility and ease of transactions, Faster processing times and Strengthened security measures and improved financial access. In the same regard, AI improves efficiency of business activities, facilitates decision making and fine tunes customer relations. Blockchain reduces intermediaries, enhances the openness rate, and strengthens the security level. It extends the dimensions of banking services, enhances customer relations, and offers an opportunity for banking services to the vast population that dose not have a chance to use conventional banking products. There still are some constraints, and they are high costs of implementation, cyber risks, and organizational employees’ reluctance to embrace the change. The level of correlation is moderate and positive, as can be seen by the variance in Digital Transformation (DT) which explains a considerable portion of the change in Traditional Banking Systems(TBS); (Adjusted R squared of .336). There is statistically significant evidence of the overall model (p < 0.05) suggesting that DT has a good influence on the dependent variable.

The current research aims at determining the role of Intellectual Capital (IC) in promoting Sustainable Competitive Advantage (SCA) through a survey of the opinions of employees of the Central Bank of Iraq (CBI) / Mosul Branch. As organizations are described as a package of resources, they are distributed uniformly across the Organization. These resources represent all existing assets, capabilities, and operations of the organization as well as the characteristics acquired by the organization that enable it to formulate and implement strategies that improve its effectiveness and efficiency.

When resources are scarce, non-replicable, non-replaceable, valuable and valuable resources, and when used by the Organization to achieve competitive advantages, they will be able to achieve and sustain them.

In order to achieve this, a default scheme was prepared including search variables, as well as the formulation of a number of main and subsidiary hypotheses. It was tested through a number of statistical methods. The questionnaire was used as a single tool for collecting data and information from the subjects. In general, the research sought to answer the following question: What is the nature of the relationship of correlation and influence between the intellectual capital and the sustainable competitive advantage achieved by the organization in question? The research is based on a descriptive and analytical approach. A total of (61) questionnaires were distributed to the individuals concerned. The research reached a number of conclusions, the most important of which is the verification of the correlation between the intellectual capital and the promotion of competitiveness. A number of recommendations have been made in line with those conclusions.

This study aims to analyze the impact of economic and social factors on the unemployment rate using quantitative data and multiple regression analysis. A set of independent variables was selected, including labor force participation rate, employment in the agricultural and industrial sectors, internet penetration, access to high-speed internet, and vocational and technical education, to examine their relationship with the unemployment rate as the dependent variable.
The results showed that labor force participation, agriculture employment, and industry employment are significantly and negatively related to the unemployment rate, reflecting their role in reducing unemployment. In contrast, digital factors such as internet penetration and vocational and technical education exhibited a limited or statistically insignificant effect in the model. After improving the model by removing non-significant variables, it was found that access to high-speed internet has a positive and statistically significant impact on the unemployment rate. Despite the removal of some variables, the simplified model retained a high level of explanatory power.
The study concludes that developing traditional economic sectors (agricultural and industrial) and enhancing vocational education, along with improving digital infrastructure, are necessary to expand job opportunities and reduce unemployment rates.

The Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) is an innovative tool designed to improve the quality of financial reporting and reduce costs. Using XBRL, financial reporting entities can ensure the accuracy of final reports. Based on technology, XBRL uses concepts that are highly relevant to the global electronic communication of data and information. Therefore, specific tags (codes) are provided within each report content to help describe in detail how it is organized. Based on this, the research raised a fundamental question: Does the Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) have a role in preparing integrated reporting? On the one hand, and on the other hand, the research focused in its objective on clarifying the concept of integrated reporting and what is the language of business reports in its preparation. The research came out with several results, the most important of which are: There is a positive role for the language of expanded business reports in preparing integrated reporting in its two aspects (financial and non-financial), such that this language works to unify the terms included in the integrated reporting in both aspects and display them on the websites of organizations, which contributes to creating a clear understanding for users of the financial and non-financial statements of organizations around the world, given what this language contributes to in displaying the contents of those statements with globally unified symbols, which in turn works to increase the state of similarity of information. As for the most important recommendations, they were: The necessity for all business organizations to educate their working cadres to employ the language of complementary reports in their financial and non-financial reporting processes, and to benefit from the experiences of some leading countries in this field by holding joint training courses.

The importance of financial inclusion has increased recently as much evidence indicates its effective contribution and decisive role in achieving economic stability by improving the gross domestic product as the main indicator representing stability, which in turn leads to job creation and transfer of modern technology, which leads to stimulating the economy and then stability. The research aims to demonstrate the importance and impact of financial inclusion on economic stability in Iraq. The study concluded that the number of ATMs as an independent variable was able to prove its impact on the GDP indicator, i.e. when the number of ATMs increases by one unit, the GDP increases by 32% of the unit, i.e. there is economic stability. As for the number of bank branches per (100) thousand as a variable, it was able to prove its impact on the GDP indicator, i.e. when the number of bank branches per (100) thousand increases by one unit, the GDP increases by 6.9% of the unit, i.e. there is economic stability. The study recommends working on improving financial inclusion indicators to improve local economies, focusing on financial inclusion indicators to increase the gross domestic product and thus achieve economic stability, reducing inflation rates that affect economic stability by improving financial inclusion indicators, and focusing on ATMs that work to improve the balance of payments and thus achieve stability.