Engineering and Technology Journal

Estimating the productivity of road construction equipment is a key factor in estimating
the cost of road construction projects successfully, and helps in determining the time
required to complete these projects. The objective of this study is to estimate the
productivity of road construction machines used in Iraq using fuzzy logic and neural
network, and monitoring the productivity of these equipment’s during the work period.
Most previous research has developed different mathematical models to estimate
equipment productivity, but they do not provide accurate or reliable production
estimation. Most of these mathematical models are based on ready-made mathematical
formula, regardless of the state of these machines and working conditions. They also
have difficulty describing the environment even if they are considered as a part of these
models. Estimating the productivity using these classical models depends on historical
records of performance, as well as personal opinions of the engineer and his special
judgments. In this research, the artificial neural network was used to estimate the
productivity of road construction equipment taking into account the various factors that
affect productivity. One of the most important factors affecting the productivity of road
construction equipment in Iraq is the weather, which depends on the location and date
of operation of the project; therefor, fuzzy expert system is used to estimate the weather
during the working period depending on the location and date of work. In addition, the
productivity estimation can be made continuously before and during the work, giving
a better view to the contractor to adjust his plans according to the project conditions
and follow-up work during entire work period

Differential protection faces many difficulties when used in protection of power
transformers, and the most important of these is the magnetizing inrush current,
that appears at the transient state for transformer. Because of the similarity between
this current and internal fault current, which occurs in power transformer and leads
to false operation for such protection. The micro controller is used to act as a
differential relay, as well as to Discrimination between inrush current and internal
fault current, by storing forms of current waves and a differential relay was
comparing between them. In this paper a differential relay was designed and
implemented, and programmatically and practically tested. The results
demonstrate the ability designed relay to distinguish between the, inrush currents,
internal and external faults. The results prove less time is required to distinguish
between inrush ,internal and fault currents about (20msec.). The programming and
practical results prove also that the differential relay is very fast where the working
time does not exceed (500 msec.).

What is the most important contractor companies and contractors is to increase the
opportunity to win bids for sustainable development and maximize profits and prove
their presence in the market, and since the largest proportion of projects in the Iraqi
construction sector is managed and funded and transmitted through the Iraqi public
sector a set of instructions and legislation in force, Adhering to required standards and
meeting legal requirements and price competition are important to win.
By studying and analyzing the historical data of a sample of companies competing for
a number of projects with (30) projects within the province of Basra, Iraq, was
conducted statistical analysis and develop a simple statistical model, through the study
of competitiveness and the percentage of difference and repetitive clustered ascending
and descending and then apply the probability model To Freidman, and then the
hypothesis of the model based on the subordination of data for natural distribution
and derivation of the logarithmic regression equation.
The study concluded the possibility of finding the possibility of winning any
contractor or contracting company in the case of knowledge of competitors before the
tender, in addition to the ability to determine the strength or weakness of competitors
and assess their competitiveness based on historical data to them in previous bids
submitted to them, Contractors and contractors to build and update a database of any
competing contractors and analyze the winning prices.

It is well known that the school system in Iraq depends on the people and
the methods of routine in the performance of work and daily, weekly and
monthly activities. These systems are prone to error and delays due to the
full dependence on the person who is exposed to different circumstances that
may delay or prevent him from performing his work. So it is well to adopt
an electronic system to run these schools to be the real alternative to the old
method of solving the above problems. In this research, an electronic system
for the management of middle schools in Iraq was proposed to include
grades, absenteeism and results for students. Each part of the system is the
responsibility of one of the principal's assistants. Each assistant has systemspecific
interfaces that allow him to enter only his powers of control with a
password and user name. A manager with a user name and a password that
allows him to use the system fully determines the powers of each user of the
system by generating a user name and password for each administrator. The
system provides an information entry for each part separately to be stored in
a single database where several activities can be performed, such as deletion,
modification and addition. Results reports can also be printed to be ready
after grading by the system accurately. The programming language
(Microsoft Visual Studio C #) was used to design interfaces for the user as
well as the SQL object to build databases and tables contained within them.
These languages have been chosen for their efficiency and ease of operation
because of the wide range of services that contribute to the search. The
system was tested in several work scenarios and the results were satisfactory,
accurate and achieved for the research objectives

In this study, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films were prepared with
different percentages of (FeCl3) by casting method at room
temperature andwithstudying the change in some optical and
electrical properties of polyvinyl alcohol before and
afterFeCl3addition by using the spectrophotometer (UV-1800) to
record absorption and permeability spectra within the range of
wavelengths (190-1100)nm and calculate the coefficient of
absorption for direct and indirect transmission. The use of Fourier
transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrometer type (SHIMADZU) was
studied within the range of wavelengths (400-4000) cm-1 and
recording the change in polymer molecular bonding by identifying
the tops of the spectral beams of the active functional group of
polymer before and after adding FeCl3. The electrical conductivity
of polymer is also studied before and after the addition. The results
showed that increasingFeCl3concentration in PVA Solution resulted
in increasing all the pervious properties except the permeability,
which decreased with increasingFeCl3 concentration

In this study polymer based nanocomposite coatings were prepared from Poly methyl
methacrylate (PMMA) reinforced by TiO2 nanoparticles with average particle size
of 75 nm and with different percentage (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 wt.%). The coatings were
applied on carbon steel sheets by dip-coating method. The chemical composition of
the nanocomposite coatings was investigated by FTIR spectroscopy. Corrosion
behavior of the coated carbon steel has been done by immersion method in acid and
salt solutions at room temperature. The weight loss and corrosion rate as a function
of exposure time have been measured as an indication for the effect of the carbon
steel by different corrosive media. Experimental results confirm that the
PMMA/TiO2 nanocomposite coatings enhanced the corrosion resistance of steel in
comparison with pure PMMA coatings in both acid and salt corrosive media