Psychological Science

Social intelligence is an important factor in personality because it is related to an individual's ability to deal with others and to form successful social relationships. The concept of personality has become an important part of the understanding of human intelligence, which is determined by the special and general goals that the individual sets for himself. The essence of personality is determined by the goals that the individual constantly seeks to achieve in daily life and by the ways in which the individual tries to accomplish these goals. There is no doubt that the university community is a youth society that requires it to act in this society and to agree and interact with it. The current research dealt with the study of social intelligence among the students of the Faculty of Engineering Because they are the conscious segment, they represent the present and future of the nation and contribute to the building of society in all its fields.
The most important findings of the research is to guide parents and teachers to the students to establish human relations based on understanding and accept others and respect their views, because neglect and domination lead to poor compatibility and lack of self-confidence and other negative emotions. As well as work to guide children by parents in a healthy and healthy without working to rebuke and correct the wrong ideas and replaced by what is true and effective and good.

The objective of the current research is to identify the effect of the use of the learning strategy of the students in the fourth grade of the students of the fourth grade of secondary school, the concepts and the development of Islamic contemplative thinking, a sample of students from the center of Nineveh for the academic year (2017-2018) and the total number of (113) students, 55 students for experimental group and (58) students for the control group, the researchers prepared two tools. The first was to acquire Islamic concepts consisting of (45) multiple choice types. The test was characterized by honesty and consistency. The second tool was the tool for the test of contemplative thinking and it consists of (20) objective paragraphs. Also, the validity, validity and discrimination of the subjects were verified. The application of the experiment took approximately (11) weeks with (2) lessons per week for the total number of lessons (22) , And after statistical data collection and analysis using t-test for two independent samples, two correlated samples, and an ETA equation (2)to extract the effect size, the results showed the following:
1. There is significance a difference at the level (0.05) in the test of the acquisition of Islamic concepts between the grades of students of the experimental and control groups and for the benefit of members of the experimental group.
2. The effect size of the independent variable on the dependent variable (acquisition of Islamic concepts) in the experimental group was (0.833) This means that the effect size was large if the ratio of (0.8) exceeded the impact criterion. This indicates that the learning strategy Tolerance had an effect on the dependent variable (acquisition of Islamic concepts).
3. There is significance difference at level (0.05) between the average development (difference between the tests) tribal and remote in the test of reflection in the students of the experimental group and for the post-test.
4. The effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable in the experimental group was (0.927) This means that the magnitude of the effect is significant because it exceeded (0.8). This means that the size of the effect is significant according to the size of the effect.
5. There is a significant difference at the level (0.05) between the average test (tribal and remote control group members in the test of reflection and for the benefit of the post-test.
6. There is a significance difference at the level(0.05) between the grades of students of the experimental group and the grades of the control group students in the development of reflective thinking and for the benefit of members of the experimental group. The researchers drew several conclusions and recommended a number of recommendations and suggested some of the titles for future research and studies.

The present research aims at knowing the effect of self-efficacy style in reducing emotional cutting of married women in Baghdad through ascertaining the following hypotheses
1- There are no statistically significant differences among the ranks of the grades of the controlled group in the pre and post-tests on the scale of.
2- There are no statistically significant differences among the ranks of the grades of the experimental group in the pre and post-tests on the scale of emotional cutting after applying the counseling program.
3- There are no statistically significant differences among the ranks of the grades between the experimental and controlled groups on the scale of emotional cutting after applying the counseling program.
However, the main sample of the research consists of (20) married women distributed randomly on two groups (controlled and experimental) with (10) women in each one after conducting the equalization of the two groups on a number of variables that have relation with the dependent variable.
The researcher has adopted a scale for measuring emotional cutting (Hadi, 2015) which consists of (39) items. The validity of the items have been ascertained through exposing them on a number of experts specialized in this field and then analyzed statistically. The validity of the scale has been ascertained by using face validity. In order to ascertain the reliability of the scale, the researcher has used re-test where the coefficient is (84, 02). Moreover, the researcher has constructed a counseling program of (self-efficacy) depending on social learning theory for (Albert Bandura) with (12) sessions for each style with two sessions per-week. The researcher has used self-efficacy style with the experimental group whereas the controlled group has not received any treatment. In order to ascertain the procedure and results of the research, the researcher has used the following statistical means: (Pearson coefficient. Mann-Whitney test, Wilcoxon test, standard error, T-test for two independent samples, Chi-Square, and the percentage weigh).
The results show the following:-
1- There are no statistically significant differences among the ranks of the grades of the controlled group in the pre and post-tests on the scale of emotional cutting.
2- There are statistically significant differences among the ranks of the grades of the experimental group in the pre and post-tests on the scale of emotional cutting after applying the counseling program.
3- There are statistically significant differences among the ranks of the grades between the experimental and controlled groups on the scale of emotional cutting after applying the counseling program for the benefit of the experimental group. In the light of the afore-mentioned results, the researcher has put forward a number of recommendations and suggestions.

The aim of this research is to analyze the content of the book of physics for the fourth grade scientific and to be taught (Ed.8-1438AH / 2017 AD), in light of the concepts of sustainable development. To achieve this goal, following the revision of previous literature, a tool was developed which includes the concepts of sustainable development and its dimensions, which were finalized in (51) sub-issues distributed among the three basic concepts (social, economic, environmental). After confirming the validity of the tool and its stability, the content of the physics book was analyzed for the fourth scientific grade, consisting of (179) pages out of (208) pages where excluded index pages and questions end of chapter. The researcher adopted the idea as a unit of analysis. One of the most important findings of the researcher is neglect of a number of issues and concepts of sustainable development. In other words, the fourth grade scientific book did not include a number of issues of sustainable development, and some of them dealt with the book in simple and limited proportions that are almost negligible. The study concluded with a number of recommendations and proposals

The study aims at identifying the (Views and Opinions of elementary schools Teachers in Education Towards Enrolling of the Abnormal Children in the Ordinary Primary School in the Education Directorate of Baghdad karkh /2. The sample consists of (100) teachers and administrators. The study has employed the tool of questionnaire which involves (30) items , The study indicates that the most acceptable
The first aim was Teachers' Attitudes Toward Integration of People with Special Needs into Normal Schools disability in the public schools is the light and that the opinions of teachers towards enrolling are positive, There is variance among teachers ,The significance of differences in teachers' attitudes towards integration according to sex variables (males, females), years of service (15 years and less) and (16 years and aboveThere is variations attributed to the gender or experience of the teacher or the administrator concerning mixing

Friendship is very important in people's lives In general, and young people in particular , and it has a mutual influence among friends whether it is negative or positive. And under the misconduct of misbehavior that began to spread among young people, Such as extremist thought and deviant behavior such as drug abuse, alcohol, alcoholism, violence and some cases of suicides.
It was necessary to know the role and importance of a good friend in protecting and immunizing young people from these dangers. In the light of the foregoing, the objectives of the research were determined as:
1. To recognize the concept of good friendship and its role in protecting and immunizing young people from the wrong intellectual and behavioral deviations.
2. Identify the terms and conditions of choosing a friend and the mechanism to how to deal with him.
The research dealt with the importance of friendship and its role in promoting the mental health of human beings as being social in nature , Then the researcher explained the concept of friendship in Greek thought and Islamic thought, and then the researcher explained how to choose friends and the terms and conditions of friendship and mechanisms to how to deal with differences between friends, in addition to the disadvantages of bad adolescents and how to avoid it. The researcher concluded with a set of recommendations as follows;
1. The need for parents and teachers to educate young people how to choose good friends and establish relationships based on affection and mutual respect and keep them away from bad friends and Warning them of their harm.
2. Activating the role of educational counselors in elementary and preparatory schools to raise awareness and educate on how to hold true positive friendship
3. The media plays an important role in broadcasting educational and social programs aimed especially at youth, to rise their awareness of bad friendships and their impact on their lives and their future.

The present study has sought to achieve the importance of the over all quality of teaching performance in the light of the over all quality indicators to evaluate the performance of teaching form their point of view , Is to I dentify the significance of the differences between the views of teaching staffs by sex variable, the scientific title academic title , The research adopted descriptive analytical methodology .The research community is taught by the University of Baghdad for scientific and academic specialization male and female and scientific title , professor .Assistant professor, Lecturer assistant lecturer for the a cademic year 2016 – 2017 , in order to achieve the research objective ,the researcher prepared a tool and evaluated the measure to statistical analysis and subjected the scale to the procedures of statisticas analysis and calculated its validity and stability . the data was statistically processed using the spss. The results showed that all the respondents support the respondents support the importance of the questionnaires to evaluate the qualitative performance in the light of the over all quality indicators for Iraqi University , is that there are no statistically significan differences in the level of significan (0,05) in the teaching of Baghdad university on the relative importance of their qualitative performance sex variable and specialization , there is a statistically significant difference for the variable of the scientific title at the level of significance (0,05) in favor of (professor )compared to (teacher and assistant teacher ) In the light of the result achieved , the researcher reached a number of conclusions , recommendation and suggestions

The study was conducted at the University of Babylon College of basic education and aims to know the degree of satisfaction of basic education students about academic tutoring services provided to them, and to achieve the goal of searching, researchers have developed a dual gauge to measure academic supervision and identification of (25) paragraph, and after confirming the sincerity and persistence tool deployed search sample of researchers (150) students of Arabic language students/College of education, and the search results have revealed that the College of basic education students ' degree of satisfaction about their advisor in accordance with Alternative (agree) in most paragraphs questionnaire that students are satisfied with the performance of supervisors academics in College, to the Honorable academicians may set aside specific times to meet with students and learn about their problems, the researchers recommended the need for ongoing help academic supervisor of college students because of its importance in defining the level of academic achievement.

Smart phones like modern technological developments are of great interest to educators, regardless of the wide debate between supporters and opponents. The technological development imposes itself on everyone, especially if accompanied by great interest and attention from the center of the process of education as students . Smart phones have invaded markets ,homes, even schools and universities , and it is imperative that these technologies be used to benefit our students. The aim of this research is to identify the attitudes of teachers and students towards the use of smart phone in university education .The descriptive approach was used in the study. The research sample consisted of(100) teachers ,(200) students and various scientific and humanities at the university of Baghdad. They were randomly chosen , the study tool consisted of two tools: the first to determine the attitudes of the teachers and the second to determine the student's attitudes .The results of the research showed that the attitudes of teachers and students towards employing smart phones in university education were positive. There are no statistically significant differences between teachers and students depending on gender or specialization in their attitudes towards employing smart phones in university education .Where it can help in the promotion of the educational process if used by virtue of creative and smart phones can be used in the completion of many of the tasks of education ,which facilitates the tasks of teachers and is also a learning aids for students.

That the education aimed at the individual to re-formed intellectually and scientifically configured in the direction you want and then rush this individual to contribute with others in the manufacture of a new reality affects positively or negatively in the attitudes of society since the dawn of history and education plays a prominent role in the communities that the level of education in a community affects negatively and positively In the level and type of society and means no doubt you will notice a society of advanced quality and the reality of any society is a reflection of the reality of education, many thinkers and theorists say if you want to know the reality of communities, looking for education, as education is mainly aimed at rewriting and composition of the individual, The drafting of the community and build a way that society acceptable to the sons and enable him to remain a cohesive society and strong in the face of all that can affect it, the goal of the current research on the role of education in the development of the concept of tolerance and peaceful coexistence when the Iraqi individual
The research reached some facts about tolerance, which contribute to understanding and understanding, and most importantly:
1. The respect and rights of others do not require the acceptance or affirmation of the validity or legality of the acts or statements or beliefs of the other who are tolerant, but rather the recognition or acceptance of the illegality of coercion or coercion of the other.
2. Tolerance of the other in the case of a difference of action, speech or belief does not require a commitment to neutrality towards that act or belief, and not to criticize and to point out the error in it.
3. Tolerance with the other in the Arab culture is to pardon him and give him the right to heal (
4. Tolerance is in essence the recognition of others; the denial of others stems from the concepts of racial superiority, so that by gaining the concept of tolerance, individuals learn to respect the other opinion, and this is the necessary condition for dialogue with the other, because man does not discuss or converse with a party denying his existence
5. Tolerance in the process of thought and freedom of expression without confiscating or suppressing the other provides an appropriate environment for the convergence of ideas and their development through constructive criticism and meaningful dialogue, which creates further development and creativity in the idea. This is what Voltaire called, saying that we are all the product of weakness. ; So let us forgive each other and tolerate each other, mutually, and that is the first principle of all human rights (
Recommendations and proposals:
1. Develop a sense of belonging to humanity away from all forms of racial, ethnic and sectarian distinction.
2. Develop the spirit of the issue and transparency in dialogue and self-criticism among individuals, young people and children
3. Develop a sense of citizenship that recognizes the other and the right to differ based on the international conventions of human rights in the freedom of speech and action and the emergence of opinion and freedom of movement.
4. Development of nonviolent behavior and adoption of political means and negotiations to solve international problems.
5. Develop the feelings of justice, equity and compassion among individuals, young people and children.
6. Develop a sense of future belonging and prepare planning as a life strategy for individuals and groups.
7. Develop a sense of participation in the family and the educational institution and society and expand the margin of democratic participation and increase the participation of people in public life
8. Promoting a culture of peace and non-violence; the most important educational programs in this area, which aims to provide the individual with the skills necessary to resolve daily differences.

Sport is of great importance to people with disabilities. It means activity. It is also an opportunity foe integration and sport. By learning about self – potential, it stimulates the sence of independence and support for the responsible life of people with disabilities. Therefore, the practice of disabled persons in the sport helps to gain confidence in themselves and they have the means of will and determination as a goal for them through which they can overcome the difficulties and challenge and the pressures and upgrading to the best levels and achieve results and achievements deserve recognition of their existence as a national constraint has full rights to belonging and community participation.
In this study we will attempt to shed light on the most important motives and reasons that have been identified in the achievement of the handicap of the achievement of the athlete. Therefore, the study aimed to uncover the relationship between disability and handicap through his athletic achievements. The study includes two theoretical and field aspects. The theoretical aspect contained a number of axes, including the general framework of the study, namely, identifying the problem and its importance, the purpose of the study and the definition of the main problem and the purpose of the study and the definition of the most important scientific terms, as well as the axis of disability and sports and a focus on the most important games practiced by the disabled in terms of study. The sample (type and size) was identified as a random and random sample. At the same time, 50 respondents were interviewed and included the field office a described by the researcher, which would contribute to the identification and treatment of this problem. The most important finding of this study is that there are many motives that motivated the disabled participation in various sports activities. The most important treatment recommended by the researcher is to support the disabled financially and morally by the responsible bodies in the community to promote the reality and make them effective in society.

The electronic games began to spread significantly among the students. Through exploratory interviews, the researcher came to different opinions about the time students spent playing these games Therefore, the current research aims to identify the impact of electronic games on problem solving among primary school students, In order to achieve the research objectives, the researcher prepared a questionnaire for the detection of students practicing and non-practicing electronic games. The researcher also prepared a problem-solving test. The sample of the application reached was (437) primary students,( 220) for males and (217) for females. They were selected by random stratified method. After applying the research tools and statistical data analysis using statistical methods (Point-Biserial correlation coefficient, Kuder-Richardson 20 Formula, one sample T-test, Two- way analysis of variance, Scheffe test) The researcher reached the following results:
1. There is an impact of electronic games on problem solving among primary school pupils for the whole sample.
2. There are statistically significant differences in the effect of electronic games on solving problems in the sample of the research sample according to the variable number of hours of play, while there are no statistically significant differences depending on the gender variable.

Psychological guidance at the university is the cornerstone of the educational process, as it determines the student's future and career prospects in his future life. Mentoring is a basic psychological need for individuals, expressing their need to help overcome their problems and finding help to understand themselves and urging them to confront them. Their educational and personal problems in positive ways.
The current search aims to identify:
1. The importance of psychological guidance for university students.
2. Objectives of psychological services for students.
3. Curricula and strategies of the extension units
4. Tasks of the units of psychological counseling university.
5. Activities provided by extension units
6. Methods used in the extension process.
7. mechanisms to deal with students' problems.
Research limits ... The current research is determined by previous studies and literature relevant to the subject of the research units and their functions
Terminology: The terms in the title will be specified.
Chapter II: This chapter includes the theoretical background of research
Chapter III: This chapter will address the conclusions, recommendations and proposals
Which came out of the search

The objective of the current research is to identify the psychological problems (behavioral, emotional, and cognitive) associated with dental treatment from the point of view of dentists in dental clinics in Baghdad. A questionnaire of psychological problems was prepared by researchers to collect study data, it was applied to a random sample of (100 Male and female dentist). The results revealed that there are widespread and common psychological problems associated with dental treatment, which are suffered by both doctors and patients. The intensity of problems ranged from a very large to large based on scale points. The overall percentage of these two points reported (86%) comparing to the other psychological problems. The most common psychological problems were emotional psychological problems, followed by behavioral psychological problems and then cognitive psychological problems. The results did not reveal significant differences in the sex of the dentist or the duration of his service when diagnosed or identified for the psychological problems associated with dental treatment.

The current research aimed to identify the job satisfaction of the educational counselors, to find out the differences in the job satisfaction of the educational counselors according to the gender variable, to identify the professional pressures of the educational counselors, to know the differences in the professional pressures of the educational counselors according to the gender variable, (200) mentors and guides selected by random method. The researcher constructed a measure of job satisfaction, composed of (30) paragraphs divided into four fields, and the scale of occupational pressures, composed of (40) The second objective is that there are no statistically significant differences according to the variable (gender) of the areas of job satisfaction, and the goal The third objective was the increase in the professional pressures of the educational counselors. The fourth objective was the results. There is no difference between the responses of the educational counselors according to the gender variable. The fifth objective was the results of an inverse correlation between job satisfaction and professional pressures. Sayings.

The current research aims to identify the reasons for the separation of the sexes in primary schools Iraq from 2016-2017 breeding BAGHDAD / Rusafa and defined sex as a set of the most coherent and similarity of species and share a single out like humans. The selected researcher sample of 50 teachers at random, and the face of them open question is to know about the causes of gender separation and using the percentage of extraction and replication results showed the highest percentage for the cause of the sudden openness to the modern media 0.94 and repeat 47 and the lowest rate was the cause of family breakdown and psychological comfort of the students in the school seats where the proportion of 0.24 and repeat 12