journal of Basic Sciences

The problem of extremism is one of the most controversial issues and concern of the intellectual elites, as the growth of the phenomenon and its transfer to new phases and forms, which may not have existed before, disrupts the accurate analysis of that phenomenon.The past few years have witnessed the growth of a new phenomenon, which is extremism, which has led to a breach of security and safety, and the problem of extremism Through this paper, we will present the concepts of the phenomenon with its dimensions, diagnose the real problem of this phenomenon, and study the internal variables and the new dimensions that have begun to take their different ranges and in expanding the civilizational gap between peoples, with an increase in the risk of extremism when it moves from the stage of thought, belief and theoretical perception to the stage of behavioral practice in extremism. It expresses itself in physical forms of killings, bombings, liquidations, and the use of various means of physical violence to achieve some goals. Behavioral and material extremism is usually the result and reflection of saturation with previous extremism in thought, convictions and belief. The history of the phenomenon of extremism exists within every society, party and group in intolerance of opinion and convictions, and the abolition of the other. Dealing with it with strict intellectual or behavioral unity. This is not the new approach, and it is not specific to a period of time without another, nor to a specific human group. Rather, it is a natural human phenomenon that has existed since human existence, and will continue to exist as long as human life; Because it relates to the nature of human beings and their tendencies and psyche. Therefore, in the current research, we will identify:
1- The motives for extremism
2- Forms of extremism
3- Who are the extremists?
4- Suicide terrorism
The research concluded that the danger of this extremist group lies in a number of axes, including the primary motives for extremism. And the danger of this extremist group and who carries this thought? What is the responsibility of society\'s institutions in treating the phenomenon of extremism and atonement? Suggested measures and various remedies have been reached.

The research aimed at the measurement of social intelligence to outstanding students and identify the significance and statistically differences in the average degrees of social intelligence between the outstanding students in accordance with variable sex (male - female). They were selected on a random sample of (100) students in secondary schools of the several eminent and distinguished in Baghdad governorate Al-karkh (the first - the second). For the purpose of achieving the objectives of the research the two researchers used ready tool to measure social intelligence is the measure of the social intelligence prepared by alnawasirah.2008) And it was to verify the scale during a link each paragraph with a total mark and all paragraphs statistically linked with the total mark .also calculated firmness scale in alfa cronbach. as it reached reliability factor (0.85) it was high as one sample t-test is used to see significant differences between the average and the medium theoretical average. Two different samples of t-test was used to see significant differences between males and females .The results showed that outstanding students have a high level of social intelligence. There are differences in the variable social intelligence between male and female for male students to the arithmetic mean of total male (104.5) and is higher than the average of female (93.5).

Ahl al-Bayt (peace be upon them) created a diet based on several mechanisms, including the mechanism of lack of food and its simplicity, and the mechanism of asceticism in good food, in addition to the mechanism of staying away from satiety, I order to achieve the physical dimensions of this system represented in giving the body sufficient physical and mental energy, in addition to that other physical dimension, which is healing from diseases on the one hand and prevention from exposure to them on the other hand. Achieving the moral dimensions of this system, which include improving morals and kindness to the soul, as well as obtaining wisdom, and achieving divine satisfaction, as well as increasing good deeds through eating certain types of food, and the medical moral dimension represented in psychological treatment by introducing comfort and joy to the soul and avoiding Sadness and grief, and these high-level dimensions or concepts leave great benefits in the level and entity of the family in order to achieve the goals of the approach to physical health established by the Ahl al-Bayt (peace be upon them).

The objective of the study was to identify the effect of bullying on the educational attainment from the point of view of teachers at Salalah Eastern School for Basic Education 5-10. The sample of the study was based on an intentional sample of Salalah Elementary School teachers 5-10 who responded to the research questionnaire. The researcher used the descriptive approach. The study found that there is a high impact of bullying on the level of educational attainment within the Salalah Eastern School and that the school does not have training programs for families about ways of communicating with bullying teenagers. For educational activities to meet the needs of students bullying may be the result of poor academic preparation received by teachers.

Research Summary :
The problem of the current study can be stated in the form of the following questions:
1. What is the relationship between domestic violence and personality traits from the working woman's point of view?
2. What are the differences between domestic violence and personality traits according to the academic achievement variable (preparatory school, bachelor's degree and doctorate)?
The current research aims to identify the degree of domestic violence and personality traits for working women and the differences between domestic violence and personality traits according to the variable of academic achievement (preparatory school, bachelor's degree and doctorate), as well as identifying the relationship between domestic violence and personality traits from the working woman's point of view.
The two researchers used the descriptive approach in order to suit the nature of the research problem. The research sample included (150) working women at the University of Baghdad and Al-Mustansiriya University (from holders of Ph.D., Bachelor’s and preparatory school degrees), and they were randomly selected from the research community represented by women working in Baghdad University and Al-Mustansiriya University.
The researchers concluded:
1. There is a correlation between domestic violence and personality traits among the sample members.
The two researchers recommend conducting a similar study on different samples of women working in other sectors

One of the most documented phenomena in family psychology includes the crucial role of social support in maintaining family resilience, whether that is by helping a person recover from depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, or the transition from difficult life or health crises. Providing informational support, emotional support, tangible assistance and social network support (helping to maintain social inclusion) However, in order to provide the required social support, individuals, as well as families, are often required to make sacrifices that change the course of life of the family and other family members. The individual often has to sacrifice time, resources, values, goals, and self-care. And that the role of positive emotions, such as pride and self-satisfaction, which motivate behavior by virtue of their ability to act as a positive support force, and the idea is that individuals have motives to experience these positive emotions and that they regulate their behavior in an attempt to maximize these emotions of self-worth.
The current research aims to know the following:
1- Self-sacrifice among the teachers of Najaf Governorate.
2- The inherent pride of teachers in Najaf Governorate.
3- Know the correlative relationship between self-sacrifice and genuine pride among the teachers of Najaf Governorate.
To achieve the objectives of the research, the researcher built two scales, the first to measure self-sacrifice, which consists of (32) items, and the original pride scale, which consists of (27) items. (250) teachers and in the province of Najaf for the year (2019-2020). The results of the research appeared in the light of the approved theoretical framework, and included a number of conclusions, including the presence of self-sacrifice, as well as the presence of inherent pride in them, and the results also showed a (positive) correlation relationship between the two variables, self-sacrifice and genuine pride, and based on these results, Developing a set of recommendations and proposals

Abstract

Tourist development is an essential base for the development of most of the world's countries in our daily life. This significance is resulted from its attraction for different layers of the society, people suffering of troubles, and because of the requirement of the comfort after a course of a job and its effect on the human. Tourism is the most significant issue that people engaged with regardless of its high costs and the distance that people should pass through the travel. They are the revenue that may motivate the countries including Turkey to use this important area of concern and formulate different plans for its development in a way that aims to a sustainable development.
This study deals with the investment of the mountain environment as a common terrain aspect which is supported by the amazing tourism places. The study attempts to shed light on the role of the environment of the mountain structure and its returns. The study concludes that there are a significant plans that are made by Turkey. Such plans result in an organized policy for the sustainable development for the current life and the future generations. This policy becomes an element for receiving a huge numbers of tourists from different countries of the world. Thus, Turkey occupies the sixth grade among the world's countries in the number of tourists. This percentage is expressed by 45 million tourist in 2019, and about 30 billion dollars in 2018. This financial outcome composes 10% of the national income of the country.

The focus of the research revolves around the statement of an important topic in philosophical and religious studies, which is the relationship between philosophy and religion, and the reconciliation between them according to Ibn Rushd, which depends on the statement of the truth of philosophy and religion, and the topics they are looking at, and on the other hand, addressing the cognitive tools owned by each of them, religion depends On revelation and reason, while philosophy depends on reason, philosophy shares and agrees with religion in many issues, and some of the issues in which philosophy differs from religion in which philosophers resort to the issue of interpretation, so they interpret it for the purpose of finding compatibility between them, and this matter created confrontation and a state of conflict Among the clergy and philosophers, and especially between Ibn Rushd and Al-Ghazali, which led Al-Ghazali to declare the philosophers atonement in the issue of the age of the world, God’s knowledge of the particulars, and the cramming of bodies, while Ibn Rushd defended philosophy and philosophers against Al-Ghazali, and this is what the researcher addresses in his research, which deals with two topics The first studies the issue of reconciliation according to Ibn Rushd, and Ibn Rushd’s recourse to Qur’anic verses to prove what he claims, using the issue of metaphorical interpretation in reconciling philosophy and religion. A second, in which the researcher deals with those who followed the same method of Ibn Rushd in the issue of reconciliation, such as Albert the Great and Thomas Aquinas, and also the researcher touched on the similarities and differences between Ibn Rushd and Aquinas in the issue of reconciliation between philosophy and religion, and at the end of the research the results obtained by the researcher from his research.

Abstract
The university study stage is one of the important stages that has a prominent role in the progress and development of society, so it has received wide attention by specialists and researchers in the field of educational and psychological sciences, so the current research aimed to identify the moral orientation and confront the intellectual temptation of university students .It aims to identify the significance of the difference between moral orientation And facing intellectual temptation according to the gender variable, as well as identifying the correlation between moral orientation and facing intellectual temptation. 1993) and the final form consisted of (30) items. The conditions of honesty and stability were verified, and the discriminatory power was calculated for each of the scale’s clauses. The scale of facing intellectual temptation was also built according to the theory (Lazarus’ theory: (Lazarus, 1994), which consisted in its final form of (25). A paragraph and the conditions of honesty and stability were verified and the discriminatory power was calculated for each paragraph of the scale. The current study sample consisted of (400) university students for the The morning study for the humanitarian specializations, which numbered (5,357) male and female students. The statistical package (SPSS) was used to reach the required results in the research procedures. The results of the research showed that university students have a moral orientation and their ability to control their moral behavior. And they have the ability to face intellectual temptation, and the results of the study showed that there are statistically significant differences according to gender and in favor of females in the variables of moral orientation and facing intellectual temptation. And the existence of a positive (direct) correlation between moral orientation and facing intellectual temptation. Based on those results, a set of recommendations and proposals were developed.

Abstract
Interpretations of the Qur’anic text varied with the multiplicity of intellectual schools throughout Islamic history, so esoteric and perverted currents appeared that exceeded the fundamentalist controls for interpretation, so it was necessary to confront these currents with the arguments of Sharia and reason together.
The research attempted that the application of the semiotic method represents a part of de Saussure's linguistic theory on the Qur’an text that contradicts the divine nature of the Qur’an and its eternal rulings that are inconsistent with the spirit of semiotics calling for the impermissibility of any meaning or value, which leads as a result to the fall of costs and commitment to legal rulings because according to this method are rulings Unstable, immovable.
The research also confirmed that the modernists have generalized the possibility of interpretation at all levels of the Qur’an text regardless of what the interpretation is likely to bear, and it is a proposition that does not conceal its danger in distorting and altering the legal rulings. As the research has clarified the importance of interpretation as a chapter of interpretation falls under the rational interpretation that is described as ijtihad that cannot be independent by itself because there are some verses that can only be interpreted by reference to the Sunnah, meaning that the rational interpretation is indispensable for a translational interpretation, contrary to the modernist approach to interpretation.
The research confirms that dealing with hermeneutics with any value is not absolute and false and that the values that can be taken into consideration are the values derived from understanding.

ABSTRACT
This quantitative study aimed to diagnose the level of social skills of students with learning difficulties from the viewpoint of their teachers in the first and second cycles in the North Sharqiya Governorate, Sultanate of Oman. It also aims at finding the differences between the evaluation of the teachers of the first and second cycle on the variable of students' social skills.. The researcher adopted the descriptive analytical approach. The sample included all the study population of (134) teachers in the governorate. The Haroun scale (2005) with (47) statements was applied to assess students' social skills. It includes three axes. The study findings revealed that: The level of the students’ social skills ranged from medium to low, the axis of showing suitable behaviors came first at its intermediate level, followed by the axis of interaction with others at intermediate level, and finally, following the school regulations at a low level. There were no significant differences between the first and second cycle students’ social skills from their teachers’ perspectives in every axis and also in the scale overall.

This study aimed to identifying the training needs of the computer's teachers in the field of E-learning Applications, via answering the following question: What are the training needs of the computer's teachers in the field of E-learning. The study population included (126) male and female computer's teachers in Amman city in Jordan, in the academic year 2014/2015. The researcher designed Questionnaire included standard to measure (2) domains of E-learning, founded it (sincerity of content) and the stability. The study achieved the following result: The computer teachers training needs in the field of E-learning was much need (medium) as following: E-learning Content Management in the first, E-Learning Courses Preparation in the second. The researcher recommended needing to implement and develop programs to train teachers in the field of E-learning.

Abstract
Some do not hesitate to describe Islamic education books for elementary grades as being free of the aesthetic phenomenon in all its details, and in its reality (the aesthetic phenomenon) is an integrated structure, pulling together in harmony and an exquisite organization. Because the aesthetic education that should appear in the Islamic education books for the primary grades is not a passing individual issue that some would like to become a method and doctrine. It was not specific to a specific school whose founders cooperated in producing it, so it became their own and their monopoly. Rather, aesthetic education in the Qur’an and Islam is a self-standing entity that emerges through its teachings and through its symmetry and organization, so everything that the Qur’an and Islam command to lead to beauty.
The origin in aesthetic education is the establishment of beginnings; If the young mind is founded on the right approach and correct education, and enters his heart and stabilizes himself, then the young one will gain immunity and protection against all corruption and temptation, and he remains healthy and free from pests and diseases.
If our children grow up in the early stages of their school years on the basis of common sense, correct belief, an adult mind, sound guidance, constant follow-up and constant inspection ... they will grow up healthy, strong and healthy.
Hence, the research idea was in its second section in the definition of: Standards and foundations of the values of aesthetic education in Islamic thought and the extent of their availability in Islamic education textbooks for the second elementary grades in Iraq.

Abstract
The Mongolian invasion represented the most dangerous challenges that the Arab Islamic world faced at all during the Middle Ages, which was clearly reflected in the writings of contemporary Muslim historians who recorded the events accompanying their invasions. In the previous two centuries, many oriental studies have come to the fore that extensively studied this period of world history during the Mongolian orientalist conquest. The Germans who gave the history of the Mongols great interest represented in writing their own books and researches, and some of them were between objective moderates trying to reach the truth through scientific research and between extremists trying to achieve goals and showing their ideology even if history was diverted from its correct path. Orientalists adopted many means, including travel to the country to stand on some matters, and sometimes his military or civilian job provides those atmospheres that enable the realization of the truth, or by searching for Islamic manuscripts that were looted and stolen in the countries that were colonized in the Islamic East. German Orientalism was distinguished by the seriousness of research until Islamic studies in Europe were Germanized. It is also distinguished from its counterparts by abandoning the colonial missionary factor In her work, the scientific factor emerged as the basis for this school, and the subject of our study came (the German orientalists and their studies of Mongolian history)
It included an introduction, four topics, a conclusion, and a list of sources and references.

Abstract
It seems that the many changes that the Iraqi society is witnessing in its contemporary history have had an effective impact in the emergence of many problems in their contents and manifestations, and perhaps the most prominent modern problems today are the violations that children are exposed to in Iraq, which leaves them with dangerous psychological and behavioral reactions that limit their abilities Psychological and social support to live the appropriate age for them in a natural pattern
The displacement of Iraqi childhood, which has never occurred before in the entire history of Iraq, was a direct result of the killing of Iraqi children during the continuous toxic air raids on civilian areas, intimidation and starvation of children, and their involvement in military operations.
researchers to shed light on the issue of violations against children in Iraq during the period when the Islamic State organization (ISIS) camped in some affected provinces. Through some research questions
- What are the most prominent violations that children are exposed to in Iraq, especially after the events of ISIS?
- What are the psychological and social dimensions of these violations?
- What is the role of institutions and civil society organizations in the face of these violations?
The importance of this research lies in two main axes, the scientific axis, which is the first axis, and the other the societal axis. the societal axis, it is an attempt to draw the attention of civil society organizations and officials, by identifying models that show them a sound vision of the negative reality with the aim of building remedial programs to get rid of the destructive effects of the future of the Iraqi child.
المقدمة

This research is concerned with studying (the aesthetics of geometric shapes in Abbasid ceramics), which falls into four chapters: The first chapter included a presentation of the research problem, which is defined by the following question: How was the Muslim potter able to crystallize these aesthetic data in a manner consistent with the spirit of the Islamic faith? In terms of it represents a theoretical and applied reading of the products of Islamic ceramics in the Abbasid era, and the aim of the study lies in: (to identify the aesthetics of geometric shapes in Abbasid ceramics). The research was determined by studying the products of porcelain executed with various color oxides on the surfaces of these products in the Abbasid era, and within the specified time period: (132 AH - 656 AH). The second topic was concerned with studying: the engineering tendency in Islamic art (Abbasid ceramics as a model) and concluded the theoretical framework with a set of indicators. As for the third chapter: it dealt with the research procedures, while the fourth chapter included the research results and conclusions, as well as recommendations and suggestions

The research aimed to identify the impact of using perceived feedback on fifth grade students’ achievements of Arabic language. The research sample contained fifth grade female students of Al-Mustafa primary school for girls. The researcher has chosen the school randomly among many schools of Al-Rusafa/1 General Directorate. The sample size was (114) student divided into three classrooms which involved (36), (37) and (38) students respectively. The total number of the students in the sample was (75). The researcher designed an achievement test as a tool to measure the dependent variable which is students’ achievements in Arabic language. The results of this study showed that there are statistically significance differences in favor of experimental group in achievement test, therefore, the alternative hypothesis is accepted.

Abstract
The current research aimed to figure obstacles to the application of digital technology from the point of view of teaching staff members in physical geography for high school.
In order to achieve this ,the study followed the descriptive and analytical approach , where the researcher reviewed the literature and studies that dealt with the obstacles to the application of digital technology in teaching , he prepared a questionnaire consisting of (52) items and after verifying its truthfulness and stability through presentation to a group of experts and specialists methods of teaching social II (digital technology constraints) nine items , The third axis (obstacles related to infrastructure and technical support in the lecture halls ) ten items ,as well as the fourth axis included twelve items , and after confirming their truthfulness and stability were distributed to the study sample consisting of (100) teaching staff members in schools located within the General Directorate of education of Babylon governorate . Statistical analyses were conducted according to the spss program . Where the results of the study showed that the items of the tool mostly constituted obstacles facing faculty members, as obstacles related to educational management ranked first ,followed by obstacles related to the courses , then obstacles related to infrastructure and technical support in the lecture halls came third, as well as obstacles related to digital technology in fourth place .

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The research aims to identify the effect of the strategy of scientific evidence in developing positive thinking for fifth-grade students in science. The strategy of scientific evidence and the average scores of the students of the control group who studied according to the usual method in developing positive thinking The researcher applied the research experiment to a sample

of fifth grade students in the Al-Zahra neighborhood within the General Directorate of Wasit Education in two groups, one of them is an experimental group on which the strategy of scientific evidence was applied and a control
group studied in the usual way in the science lesson. Application and implementation of experimental procedures and the use of appropriate statistical means The results showed that the students of the experimental group who were taught by the strategy of scientific evidence were superior to the students of the control group in positive thinking in science for the fifth grade of primary school.

Abstract
The Fatimid era remained in Egypt between (358 AH-567 AH), and the Fatimid rule of Egypt represents a basic stage of its historical and civilizational stages. Egypt has been an agricultural country since ancient times, and the Egyptian peasant constitutes other than the Egyptian society, and Egypt has enjoyed The interests of historians in political terms more in terms of economics and civilization, as this interest comes in a brief form that does not give a clear picture of the agricultural life and the existing systems in that period .

The study aimed to identify the negative effects of the excessive use of electronic games on the student's behavioral life and the poor academic achievement and problems that could be experienced with his surroundings within the school, and the researcher used the descriptive analytical approach, and the study reached results, the most important of which is the neglect of the family role in terms of guidance Counseling for students leads to negative results in addition to neglecting homework as a result of excessive use of these games and then leads to a low level of academic achievement, and the study recommended the need to work to raise the level of parental care creating alternative frameworks for recreation for students. Keywords: excessive use, electronic games, academic achievement.

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1- The problem, and the goal:
Through careful investigation of the literature that dealt with the research on the subject of discourse, we were able to diagnose several factors that determine the problematic use of discourse in general and educational discourse in particular, including those related to: the addressee; Because of the insufficient knowledge of managing the discourse in a comprehensive manner, the clarity of its performance, the integrity and eloquence of its language, the type of knowledge transmitted and its credibility...including what is related to rhetoric (the message); Because of the lack of soundness of its cognitive structure, in terms of its context, the choice of its words, and the ambiguity of its connotations... And part of these factors is related to the addressee; This is caused by the intellectual aspects and related types (critical, creative, logical...), as well as the perceptual specifics of communicative thinking in particular...
Here we point out that these factors are complex, intertwined, and dialectical factors at the same time, and detailing all of them needs to go into detail with the “education”, “teaching” and “learning” methodology, as they are concepts that bear controversy, dialogue, and discussion directed to their content and contents. And the mechanisms of its application...
The objective of this research paper is determined in the feasibility of the performative application of oral communication strategies in educational discourse; What is meant here, here, is the discourse that is actually imposed in the knowledge lab "education", as well as one of the goals is to define the productive administration as an epistemological thought within this lab...
2- Methodology:
The researcher used a descriptive and analytical approach to investigate oral communication strategies and clarify their practical mechanisms. The research is divided into two sections: the first topic, which includes the introductory introduction to the research concepts, and the second topic, which deals with the mechanisms of applied work of strategies in the performance of educational discourse, and the research concludes with a conclusion that includes the most important conclusions and recommendations