University of Thi-Qar Journal of Science

Transparent semiconducting thin films of titanium dioxide (TiO2) were deposited on glass substrates by spincoating technique and with thickness was in order of 150 ± 5 nm . The XRD analysis reveals that the films are
polycrystalline with an anatase crystal structure and a preferred grain orientation in the (101) direction. The optical
properties of the films were characterized by UV–visible spectrophotometry, which shows that the films are highly
transparent in the visible and near infrared , with an average value above (99 %), with energy gape (3.79 e.v ). The
dependence of the refractive index (n), extinction coefficient (k), and absorption coefficient (α) of the films on the
wavelength was investigated.

Background;Most common operation in gynecological department is c/s ,high percentage of c/s are complicated
resulting with many early and late complication, one of intraoperative complication is ureteric injury and or ureteric ligation.
Patients and methods:through 3 years between may 2011- may 2014 on 34 patients get ureteric injury in a complicated C/S discovered either intra operatively or as an early post operative complication with confirm diagnosis by IVU. those patients correct the defect by re anastamosis with ureteric catheterization for two months then fallow up to detect any post operative ipsilateral renal complication.
Results:We get 26 patient (76.4%) was complain from intermittent ipsilateral renal symptoms , repeated U/S showing ipsilateral mild dilated PCS with chronic U.T.I in general urine examination.
Conclusion:Ureteric injury may lead to chronic complaining of the patients from chronic U.T.I and a sequence of
ureteric stenosis , so we advise that in any complicated C/S we need a urosurgical doctor in addition to the gynecologist surgeon to avoid as much as possible ureteric injury.
Aim of study:To assess the incidence of ureteric injury with a complicated C/S.

Meat considers a favorite environment for bacterial growth due to rich composition with protein, fats, minerals,
vitamins and other essential materials requirements for microorganism growth. Study concluded isolation and bacterial account of meat in Thiqar city markets. Study extends from November2014- March 2015. Thirty samples of meat 10 from beef meat, 10 from sheep and 10 from poultry meat). Bacterial account shown that the highest contamination of meat samples found in sheep meat 16*106 CUF/g (more than standard parameters of healthy suitable meat for human consumption) while the lowest bacterial account found in poultry meat 93*102 CUF/g. Isolation and identification of bacteria by morphological, differential media, biochemical tests and Gram stain results showed that prodomenet bacteria were E.coli, Klebseilla, Staphylococcus aureas, Shegilla, Salmonella spp., Bacillus cereus, Enterobacter, Proteus, Micrococcus, Pseudomonas spp. and streptococcus spp. The predominant bacteria was E. coli about 35% in all samples, Followed by staphylococcus spp. 25%. Salmonella spp.1.2% isolated only from chicken meat samples.

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This study was performed to determine the hepatoprotectiveactivities of watery extract of ginger in hepatotoxicity
induced by paracetamolin albino rats. Twenty fourrats were used and divided randomly into four equal groups each of which contain six animals, the first one was served as control, received nomal saline only, the second group were
received paracetamol at a single dose of 3g/kg/B.W orally to induce hepatotoxicity, and the third and fourth groups
received watery extract of ginger at a dose 200 mg/Kg & 400 mg/Kg B.W orally once daily for 3 days respectively
followed by administration of single dose of paracetamol 3 g/Kg B.Wafter 30 minute after extracts administration. Liver functions were assessed by estimating serumalanine amino transferase (ALT) , aspartate amino transferase (AST) , alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total serum bilirubin & total serum protein & albumin . The results revealed that the use of genger extracts at each dose ( 200 mg/Kg , 400 mg/Kg B.W) produced significant reduction in the level of these enzymes , total bilirubin while caused significant increase in the levels of total serum protein & total serum albumin , so the use of ginger extracts possess hepatoprotective activity by restoring the normal hepatic functions and potentiating the bio- defense system of the liver against hepatotoxicity produced by paracetamol administration

HbA1c is well known indicator for control of DM. We try in this study to discuss the relationship
between HbA1c level and some atherosclerotic events and S. lipid abnormalities in patients with metabolic syndrome.
Patients and methods: 226pts involved in this study. Metabolic syndrome was assessed according to the US National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (2001) that was modified at 2004 , cross-sectional study performed in diabetes and endocrine center between 2008-2011. Parameters like Sex, races, age, job, residency, smoking had been taken into consideration , HbA1c was measured by immunoturbidimetric assay with a Cobra Integra 800 automatic analyzer (Roche Diagnostics, Basel, Switzerland) with a reference value of 4.4–6.0%.
Conclusion: close relationship was found between HbA1c and hypertension, s.cholestrol, s. triglyceride, HDL, s.
VLDL, and LDL and Increasing level of HbA1c was associated with increasing level of s. lipids, cardiovascular risk
factors and severity of metabolic syndrome.

In Spite of advantages of using wireless sensor networks in many fields , lifetime of nodes and how energy
consumption in each node it is one of the most important problems of this type of networks ,so developers of networks relied on the use of protocols helps reduce the energy consumption of nodes in the network. Therefore aims of this research is to compare the efficiency of the most popular protocols that used in wireless sensor network its (LEACH and EAMMH) has been adopted in several scenario and brief analysis of the simulation results against known metrics with energy and network lifetime being major among them to measure the efficiency of these two protocols. In this paper will the results and observations made from the analyses of results about these protocols are presented.

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Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have become an interesting area to researchers in recent years due to the low
cost of sensor nodes, wide application areas and with low or no cost of maintenance after deployment in a target area. In some sensor system applications, the nodes are hard to reach and it is impossible to replace their batteries. So the nodes must operate without battery replacement for a long time. Such conditions make the system power consumption a very crucial parameter. Thus, Clustering is an energy efficient way that divides sensor nodes into many clusters, each of which has a cluster head. In this paper a new cluster-based routing algorithm for hierarchical WSNs has been proposed to select an alternative node to get replaced in place of node which loses its energy such that it extends the lifetime of entire network and avoids data loss. The simulation results show that, for large scale WSNs, our proposed algorithm performs better than the typical existing routing algorithms in terms of network lifetime

Pathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains are known to cause intestinal and extraintestinal infections in human.
A wide variety of infectious diseases could be caused by E. coli strains, including urinary tract infection, septicemia, newborn meningitis, central nervous system and respiratory system infections.Several bacterial agents can cause diarrheal and urinary tract infections, among these E.coli strains are detected as an important cause of morbidity and mortality of diarrhoea and UTI throughout the world.A total of 318 samples were collected during the period from September 2012 to march 2013 .All specimens were screened for the presence of E. coli by cultured on MacConkey agar and Eosin-methylene blue agar then identified by biochemical tests and confirmed by API 20E system which revealed that:90/318(28.33%) gave positive growth for E.coli )15 (16.63%) environmental isolates and 75(83.33%) clinical isolates( as fallowing:1/42(2.38%)was obtained from burns,7/25(28%)from High vaginal swabs ,11/41 (26.82%) from Wounds infections,18/33(54.54%)from Diarrheal infections and38/67(56.71 %)from Urinary tract infections, while 15/110 (13.63%) from environmental isolates, The isolated were subjected to molecular identification as E.coli by used the intergenic spacer region primer(ITS). The confirmed isolates were examined to detect the phylogenetic group based on triplex PCR by using a combination of two genes (chuA and yjaA) and an anonymous DNA fragment.Universal primers (ITS) indicated that all isolates 90(100%) gave positive results.The phylogenetic analysis revealed that 90 E.coli isolates belonged to three phylogenetic groups A &D 36(40%)for each, while B2 18 (20%) and no one isolates belong to B1 phylogenetic types .

Metformin is indicated as the first line treatment in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The objectives of this study
were to assess electrolytes and glycosylated haemoglobin (Hb1Ac) in patients with T2DM using metformin for long term therapy and also to demonstrate compliance with the guidelines regarding renal impairment. This study has been conducted in Al-Nassiriya Province. It was carried out on sixty patients (with T2DM for 5 years, age: 50-60 years).
We found that 43% of physicians use creatinine levels as a test for follow up while the others use urea and/ or
glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Only 57.2% of physicians follow the guidelines by doing the test every three months. The results showed high potassium and low sodium levels in patients treated with metformin only compared with other oral hypoglycaemic agents (OHAs). However, both were still within the normal level and statistically insignificant (P > 0.005). Calcium readings were high in patients treated with metformin compared with other OHAs and were statistically significant (P < 0.005), but still within the upper normal level. HbA1c was low (7.33%) in patients treated with metformin combined with other OHAs compared with HbA1c in patients treated with metformin only which was 9.48% and was statistically significant (P < 0.005). We need more clinical studies about electrolytes association with metformin. HbA1c should be taken in consideration when treating type 2 diabetes with metformin as initial therapy alone or in combination with other OHAs and /or withdrawn from metformin.

The dynamical behavior of semiconductor laser in the present of optical feedback is studied by varying number of
control parameters that appeared in the adopted theoretical model viz, linewidth enhancement factor , pump level , delay
time and feedback level . Various dynamics seen to occur such as steady state, periodic, aperiodic and chaotic in the
output of the semiconductor laser

In the present study the oral cavity of white pelican Pelecanus oncrotalus (collected from Al-Sanaf marsh
southern Thi-Qar province, Iraq) was examined in the Biology department / College of Education for Pure Science /
Thi-Qar University. A total of 23 chewing lice (10 males and 13 females) were collected from the oral cavity of P.
oncrotaus bird and identified as Piagetiella titan during microscopial examination.The aim of this study is to give
detailed information about P. titan, which was first found in Pelicans in Iraq to contribute parasitological fauna of Iraq.

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A quasi solid state dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) is fabricated using 1-propyl-3methylimidazolium iodide and
Poly (3-Hexail Thiophene) P3HT, and P3HT-loading graphene (G) as the composite electrolyte. The electrolyte without added iodine is sandwiched between ZnO NW photo electrode both pristine and graphene enhanced P3HT (G-P3HT, 5% wt graphene) were used in solid state dye as Hole transport material draw a lot of attention due to easy fabrication, using P3HT-Graphene (P3HTI-graphene) nanocomposites were synthesized on FTO glass by solution process and employed as HTM to replace the conventionally used expensive Pt electrode, The solar cells based on vertical ZnO nanowire arrays by utilizing a mixture paste of LiI, PMII and solid iodine as electrolyte. The initial results showed the power conversion efficiency of 2.1%. The cells with pristine and G-P3HT showed different performance. The power conversion efficiency was improved from 0.16 to 2.1 mA for G-P3HT solar cells. It exhibited increased power conversion efficiency from 0.87 to 2.1%

The electronic response of target is characterized by its energy-loss function (ELF) , which it described by several
models that fit the available experimental data (at zero momentum transfer), but use different approaches to obtain the Bethe surface so that is to extend the (ELF) to include any energy and momentum transferred. In the present research the Drude dielectric formalism had been used to calculate the probability for an energetic proton to produce electronic excitations in target, Target material used in this research is a polymeric material which is polystyrene. And calculate the effects of ionization fraction of Partial Stopping Power Effective Charge (PSPEC) of polystyrene have been studied and taking into consideration the electronic excitation in the target. Drude Energy Loss Function DELF has been used to take in the consideration the charge exchange, screening length and charge density. FORTRAN-90 program H  Polystyrene.for has been written for the mathematical equations using software Compaq visual Fortran90 V 6.6, for linking and execute

Some heavy metals were study in prevalent in palns dominated in selected sites in North Refineries Company in
Baiji / Salah Al-Din, as well as the study of some physiological characteristics of Typha domingensis and Phragmites austarlis. The concentration of each of the, Ni, Cu, Zn, Fe in water, sediment, plants for selected sites as well as some physiological characteristics of plants such as chlorophyll, total protein were determined . Also the BCF bioconcentration factor (BCF) and The results indicated that the concentrations of heavy metals regardless of sites and season of growth were more concentrated in the root of the plants both iron and zinc than in shoot. It is also noted thatthe iron was more concentrated in the T. domingensis and Phragmites austarlis and copper and zinc in the T. domingensis .Results of the study found that the value of the bio-concentration factor of the elements in plants under study higher than the value of the sedimentation factor. The results of the study indicated the increase in the concentration of chlorophyll (a, b and a + b) to plant reeds table (24) and papyrus table (23) in contaminated areas for non-polluting. The study recorded a high percentage of total protein measured in T. domingensis and P. austarlis.

Quantitative Structure-Property Relationship (QSPR) analysis to viscosity (η) of 9 aniline derivatives have been
conducted. The study was done by using molecular modelling of aniline compounds. The calculation was performed by the DFT method at B3PW91/6-31G (d,p) level of theory. The relationship analysis between viscosity (η) and physicochemical properties of aniline compounds was done by MLR analysis, with viscosity (η) as dependent
variable and 9 independent variables to generate the equation that relates the structural features to the viscosity (η ) properties. The results show good models with four parameters linear equations. The best model predicted in this
study is the four parametric regression equation (Eq. 6) In which the descriptors [Volume, T.E, surface(A) and
Charge of N7] are included, with values of R2 = 0.924, F =12.169 and S = 0.517, Ra2= 0.848 which indicate that
these parameters, play an important role in effect on viscosity (η )values.

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A retrospective study of 92 patients admitted to AL-Hussein teaching hospital diagnosed with pneumonia in
winter 2015 and 60 patients admitted in winter 2014 with pneumonia as control group. The age, sex and outcome [death or well] are recorded for each patients for both group, The presenting symptom for each patient in outbreak 2015 are recorded. Severity of pneumonia is assessed by CURB-65 and recorded for each patient, x-ray finding are recorded to patients in outbreak in2015 with result of sputum exam for gram stain and viral PCR in selected patients.
Male to female ratio is 1:1 in outbreak of 2015 while it 0.6:1 in 2014 with significant difference between two groups and no sex difference in each group,The sex is not a risk factor for pneumonia except liogenella infection which more common in male. Severity of pneumonia is assessed by CURB-65 and result in 21 patients have score 3 and above [22%] and 10 have score 0 and 26 have score 1and 22[23%] patient have score 2.According to CURB-65 score ;36 patients no need to admission to hospital but other factor like co-morbid disease, for close up the compliance and response to treatment, and 22% have severe pneumonia need ICU admission and close monitoring.X-ray finding results in 40 patients show lobar consolidation, 22 patients showed bronchopneumonia pattern and 30 patients show diffuse interstitial infiltrate. Lobar opacity usually indicate bacterial infection while diffuse interstitial infiltrate usually nonbacterial mostly viral infection.

The main objective of this paper is to study the exact solution and approximate solution type of integral
equations, by using the variational iteration method, as well as, giving some illustrative examples of linear and
nonlinear equations .We tabulate the exact and approximate results

This study included isolation and identification Staphylococcus spp. that cause armpit odor , 90 samples ( Skin
swabs) were collected from students of the Faculty of Science, Department of Environment and Pollution in AlMuthanna University , for the period from (November 2014 until February 2015), and included 40 armpit samples for males and 50 armpit samples for females . It was alerted donors to stop the use of deodorant and inhibitors sweating before 24 hours of sample collection , then diagnosed samples and laboratory diagnostic results showed that emergence of 74 sample ( 30 males and 44 females ) is positive for the gram dye in the form grape clusters , belonging to the types of Staphylococcus spp. that cause armpit odor ,and then all isolates were subjected to the biochemical tests , the results have been obtained 46(62.2%) Staph. epidermidis , 18(24.3%) Staph. aureus, 7(9.5%) Staph. haemolyticus and 3(4.1%) Staph. saprophyticus .

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A total of 33 Salmonella enterica serovar (ser.) Typhimurium isolates were isolated from clinical samples. These
isolates were subjected to testing and analyzed for antibiotic resistance and virulence genes by using simplex PCR. All isolates were sensitive to gentamycin, kanamycin, nalidixic acid, chloramphenicol, and sulfisoxazol. on other hands the isolates showed intermediate resistance to streptomycin while one isolate (# 22) showed resistance to chloramphenicol and tetracycline. For ampicillin, six isolates were resistance to the drug. 33 of the showed either intermediate or full resistance to one or two of the animicrobials tested. Most isolates were positive for teen of the virulence genes tested (msgA, tolC, spaN, invA, ipfC, sitC,sopB, orgA, pagC and pefA ) . For sitC, three isolated were negative to this virulence gene .While two isolate were negative to lpfC . One isolate # 33 was negative to orgA and spaN. These results suggest that S. Typhimurium from clinical is virulent, and that capable of causing salmonellosis in humans and it may contribute to pathogenesis.

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The present study was designed to investigate the ability of the herbicide Glyphosate to induce cytogenetic effects
in the laboratory mice Mus musculus, using chromosomal aberration and micronucleus parameters. Mice were
intraperitoneally (i.p) injection with 12.5, 25 mg/kg of Glyphosate for two periods 15 and 30 days. The result showed
that Glyphosate caused significant increase in the chromosomal aberration , ring chromosome , centromeric break and chromatid break in comparison with the control group .The higher dose induced chromosomal aberration at significant level (P<0.01) compared with the lower does . Injection of Glyphosate for 30 days caused significant increase chromosomal aberration in the experimental group compared with control group. Glyphosate injection induced micronucleus .There was a significant increase caused by the higher dose compared with lower dose for the two periods 15 and 30 days .

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Terpolymers resins( o,m,p –C UF) synthesized by the condensation of o,m,p- Cresol and Urea with
Formaldehyde in the presence of acid catalyst , FTIR- spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis were used to
characterize the terpolymers. Chelating ion exchange properties of these polymers were studied for Fe
2+ , Cu 2+ and Zn 2+ ions. A batch equilibrium method was employed in the study of the selectivity of metal ion
uptake . the study was carried out over a wide pH range and shaking time.The OUF and PUF terpolymers showed
highest selectivity for ions being studied.

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Dexamethasone widespread use as anti-inflammatory drugs. In Diabetes mellitus type 2 patients using of
Dexamethasone has a crucial side effects including increase blood sugar rate. 106 patients involved in this study, all of them take Sulfonylurea tablets to control glucose level in the blood. They divided into 3 groups (depending upon period of Dexamethasone used) group A patients intake drug for one week (30 patient), group B take the drug more than one month (30 patient) and third group don’t take the drug (46). Random blood sugar rate taken for all patients after finishing drug prescription. Results of three groups statically analysis. The mean of three groups were 242.8, 317 and 217 for A,B and C respectively. There were a significant differences in level (P<0.5%) between the two groups (A,B) and control group also between group A and B .Females were prodomenet suffer from diabetes they reached 78.6% while males were 21.4%. This the study showed that patients were un educated or negligible with Dexamethasone side effects and took the drug without prescription.

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This study designed to describe the histopathology changes of human placenta for pregnancies women with APA
and normal pregnancies, also to estimate placental Immunohistochemical staining (IHC) expression patterns of endoglin in pregnancies with APA compared to normal pregnancies and quantify IL-3 serum level for both groups by using ELISA test. The histopathology results showed that arteries with degenerated media were associated with inflammatory cells and areas of hemorrhage were associated with moderate placentitis with inflammatory cells and fibrosis; also congested capillaries and blood vessels. The immunostaining results showed decrease in expression of endoglin in PAS pregnancy compared than healthy pregnancy with significant difference (43.3% versus 75 % ; p ≤ 0.05) . Some arteries with degeneration of sub region with hyalinization and congestion. The evaluation of the serum levels of IL-3 were showed the elevated level in healthy pregnancy (599.15 ±SE68.59 pg/ml) compared to APS pregnancy (264.96± SE 38.28 pg/ml) with significant difference (P ≤ 0.05).

The present study was include examination of the content of 100 surgical removed appendices for identify the
bacteria found in flamed appendix cavity. The study recorded infection percentage by intestinal bacteria reached 83%, fecalith 6% and body foreign 2%. The results showed that the single infection percentage was 77% included infection of Esherichia coli, Bacteroides sp, Pseudomonas sp, Lactobacillus sp, Staphylococcus auerus, Salmonella sp, Proteus sp, Klebsiella sp and Yersinia sp by percentages (33%, 15%, 11%, 7%. 4%, 2%, 2%, 2%, 1%) respectively. Dual infection percentage (6%) included infection of Esherichia coli+ Bacteroides sp, Esherichia coli+ Salmonella sp, Pseudomonas sp+ Lactobacillus sp by percentages were (3%, 2%, 1%) respectively.

The study designed to detect Ang-1 expression as angiogenesis factor in bladder tumor tissues, and to clarify
the relationship between Ang-1 and clinicopathological grade of bladder cancer. In this study, the expression of
Ang-1 in tumor cells was investigated in (30) patients with transitional cell carcinoma of bladder (TCC) and (20 )
patients with inflammatory lesions of the bladder (BIL) as acontrol group from the histopathology laboratories of
Al-Hussain Teaching Hospital and private laboratories in Thi-Qar Province,Iraq . The tissue sections were
analyzed immunohistochemically (IHC) to detection of Ang-1. The results showed a high positive
immunohistochemical Ang-1 expression of TCC tissues than in BT tissues (76.7 % versus 40%; p≤ 0.01).
Furthermore, the significantly highest level of Ang-1 positive cells was detected in the groups with the highest
clinical grade (p≤ 0.05). Ang-1 antigen expression could be indicator of aggressive behavior of bladder cancer

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The current study was performed for the first time in Iraq and in the Thi-Qar province, to estimate the prevalence
of toxoplasmosis among sewage workers, workers in the soil and fruits and vegetables vendor. 300 blood samples were collected from the previous categories which aged between the (10 - >40) years during the period from October 2014 to February 2015 and also 100 blood samples were collected from non-categories previously mentioned (employees) for the purpose of comparison with the current study, by using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) test to assess the presence of antibodies to the parasite IgM type and IgG and estimate the level of interferon-gamma and Interleukin 27 in the people infect with toxoplasmosis and compared with the control group. Current study show 90 (30%) samples of three categories had seropositive compared with 20 (20%) samples of employers. The current study showed 5 (1.7%) positive cases of IgM's antibody and 76 (25.3%) IgG antibody positive case, while for both IgM + IgG together 9 (3%) positive cases were recorded, also the results found a statistically significant difference between the types of antibodies. The highest percentage of infection found in fruits and vegetables vendor with 32.38%, while lowest percentage of infection found in soil workers with 25.77%. The present study recorded a high concentration of both interferon gamma (IFN-ɤ) rate and interleukin-27(IL-27) in the blood of people infected with toxoplasmosis, compared

The present study include determine the morphological anomalies and sex ratio disruption for gold fish Carassius
auratus that captured from Al-Hammar marshes during study period that prolonged from October 2013 to May 2014 . the number of captured fish were 106. Morphological anomalies were represent ell by deformity of vertebral column (curved and fusion of vertebrae ) ,face and upper jaws , fin erosion , popeye and eye bleeding . Sex ratio tend strongly towed females (1;25.5).

The antibacterial effects of aqueous garlic extract and Crude Juice against 38Gram-positive and Gram-negative
bacterial isolates, from burn unit were studied. The bacteria isolates were including Staphylococcus spp. , Serratia spp. , Pseudomonas spp., Enterobacter spp., Acinetobacter. Spp. and Ochrobactrum anthropi. were studied. Antibacterial activity of aqueous garlic extract and Crude Juice by cup plate method was characterized by inhibition zones of diameter (14-34) mm for gram-positive bacteria and (14-32) mm for gram-negative bacteria respectively. The results of the study of garlic extract both types of aqueous extract and crude juice in the degree of impact inhibition as resultsshowed that Crude Juice had a greater effect than aqueous extract effect.

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The dielectric properties of (Epoxy/Ferrous sulfide) composites were characterized as a function of Ferrous
sulfide weight fraction, temperature was in the range 30-150 o C, and frequency was in range 120 Hz -2MHz . The
dielectric parameters have been measured using parallel plate capacitor method. Experimental results showed that the real ε' and imaginary ε" parts of permittivity increases as Ferrous sulfide weight fraction increases. The values of ε' increase as the temperature increases, the increase was accompanied by the presence of obvious peaks at high temperature which may be related to the increased mobility of segments of epoxy molecules at elevated temperatures below the glass-transition temperature and the differential thermal expansion of the polymer and the filler. The values of ε' decrease as frequency increases, which indicates that the major contribution to polarization is related to orientation polarization. Dielectric loss showed an increase both with an increase in frequency and temperature, loss peaks were observed at 10 kHz and at high temperatures respectively. A.c conductivity and impedance behaviors of the composites as a function of temperature and frequency were investigated too.