Journal Of Babylon Center for Humanities Studies

Islamic education occupies an important place in the educational process, through its spiritual, educational, scientific and moral dimensions. This research aims to clarify the importance of Islamic education in building students’ personality, increasing their religious awareness, identifying the extent to which the teacher plays his role in promoting Islamic values among students, and identifying the most important ways that contribute to activating the role of the teacher, through the means he uses to deliver those values for students.
The central question of the research is based on the extent to which the teacher promotes Islamic values among the fifth preparatory students, and ways to activate his role as the teacher in this field?
This research can help those interested in social upbringing, such as social institutions and teachers, and those in charge of the educational process, to find out the most important Islamic values that should be inculcated and strengthened in the hearts of students, and to reveal the role of the teacher in the preparatory stage, and in particular the fifth grade preparatory in promoting Islamic values among students.
Among the most important findings of this research, are: The teacher plays an active role in promoting Islamic values among the fifth preparatory grade students, and building their personality by changing the desired students' behaviors.

This research is summarized in defining the sections of the purposes of Sharia with various considerations; So it was divided in terms of its importance and need for it into necessary, needful, and improving purposes, and each level of them follows its complement, and this division is well-known among the most fundamentalists. And the sum of the necessities are five, which are: preserving the religion, the soul, the offspring, money, and the mind. As for the necessities, they mean that they are lacking in terms of expansion and easing the narrowness that often leads to embarrassment and hardship. As for improvements, they mean adopting what befits the virtues of habits, and avoiding the defilements that lead to hardship. Dismissed by the preponderant minds, and collects the department of good morals. And it was divided in terms of its relation to the generality of the law and its specificity into general purposes, specific purposes, and partial purposes. What is specific to each guide in particular. And it is divided in terms of its originality and subordination into original purposes, and subordination purposes. In which the fortune of the taxpayer has been taken into account, and for its part, he obtains the requirements that have been imprinted upon him of attaining desires, enjoying permissible things, and bridging disputes, for example: marriage. This is intended for the legislator from the law of marriage. These subordinate intentions confirm the original intent, strengthen its wisdom, and call for its request and its perpetuation. Because the wisdom of the All-Knowing, the Expert necessitated that the establishment of religion and the world can only happen with this, and the research touched on the definition of each of these departments by mentioning the definitions of the media of this science. God is the only conciliator of righteousness.

the intentions of the islamic religion has great value which linked to the greatness and majesty of the one who create it, and his knowledge of what achieves the great intentions for his servants, Therefore the judgments are legislated so the permissible and forbidden has been made clear.
The importance of intentions will not hidden, these intentions are shown when the need to it appear
Because the researcher in the Islamic religion needs to know the intentions of his Allah to use it to find the new events Judgments, and choose between the opposite Judgments also the researcher need to know the intentions because it's including fix his life, because knowing it can shown to the servant the perfect ways which lead to the safe purpose and for these causes, the search for Allah's book is a great honour, I deliberately search for the perfect human intentions, and reading the the setences in quran which was write to be one of the intentions, and then I follow what the islamic scientists say about these sentences in quran and what its Judgments, and I study the intention of every sentence in quran as possible, also I mentioned the intention of the sentence in quran by saying.
Equality is one of the greatest eternal principles of Islam that Islam focused on in the call to it and its control, and laid down laws for it to be understood in its light, so that it would not be misunderstood, and put in its most appropriate place, and it is in its depth part of the religion of Islam, which is the system of life, to which all general principles refer. In its light, all the legal rulings are understood, and in this context it is not appropriate for us to call for equality above the law of Islam, or to call for equality without Islam, because Islam is a divine law whose rulings include all areas of life.
Equality is an inherent image of Islamic society, unlike other peoples. Class division was prevalent in those societies, where discrimination was based on gender and colour, rich and poor, strong and weak, freedom and slavery.
The intention of this sentence is....
And mentioned the intention of the sentence in the end by saying:
the intention of these sentences is...
The Great thank to Allah in the start and in the end, there's no god only he.

1- The Imam al-Karmasti (may God have mercy on him) is Yusuf bin Husayn al-Kirmasti al-Rumi
2-Imam al-Karmasti (may God have mercy on him) is a Hanafi madhhab, lived in the Ottoman Empire, and took over the judiciary in more than one city at that time
3-His nickname: Karmasti in relation to the city of Karmasta in which he lived, an Ottoman town
4-The sources did not mention two things: the first: the year of his birth, while the year of his death was mentioned. The second: The sources did not mention his students, even though he is a scholar and studied in schools, so how can he not have students
5-The Imam’s two sheikhs are: Khawajazadeh and Al-Shaher Musannak
6-He has many works on jurisprudence, principles of jurisprudence, creed, and rhetoric, some of which I have mentioned
7-The imam had a scientific and prestigious position at the time
8-Through research, and studying his choices, I did not find that the imam has violated his doctrine in all the issues he chose, so he is imitating his doctrine in most issues
9-Imam Karmasti, may God have mercy on him, was known, and he said: (The word is used in other than what is specified for it in the terminology of communication in the relationship, and the presumption that prevents it. It was created for it). Imam Karmasti, may God have mercy on him, distinguished himself by his metaphorical definition to identify scholars from his sect and other sects. He mentioned the word: (the presumption). He agreed with Imam al-Shawkani, may God have mercy on him, in his definition of metaphor by adding the term (pregnancy) to the definition. Likewise, it mentions (for relationship), because if it wasn't for the relationship, it wouldn't be a metaphor. But it was a new situation
- 10-Imam Karmasti (may God have mercy on him) confined himself to two emirates that are not suitable for distinguishing truth from metaphor in his view, and considered them to be two main emirates, namely: regularity, and the opposition of the plural of truth to the plural of metaphor
11-The karmasti imam (may God have mercy on him) chose in the pronunciation that revolves between the metaphor and the common over the metaphor that carries; Because it is more, it is closer
12-Imam Karmasti (may God have mercy on him) chose the prohibition in the matter of combining truth and metaphor, and said: What appears in him that he combined them is from the generality of metaphor

The research summary in our time people are fascinated by this mountain And they made mistakes in lots of things about it.
One of these things was that they made the top (center) of the mountain the origin in standing in Arafat Because they are passionate, mentioning, and in love with the top of the mountain only without the rest of the mountain's areas And that's wrong, but the best place on the mountain is where the Messenger of Allah stood near of the rocks to the left of the mountain, as the following detailes.
Likewise is the love of God and His Messenger, fear of God and devotion to Him, sincerity of religion to Him, patience for His judgment, gratitude for His bounties, contentment with His decree, trust in Him, hope for His mercy, fear of His punishment... and similar acts of worship to God.
Standing in Arafat is one of the most important conditions for Hajj and its rituals. Worship is a comprehensive name for everything that God loves and is pleased with, including words and actions, both inward and outward, such as prayer, zakat, fasting, pilgrimage, truthfulness of speech, fulfillment of trust, honoring one’s parents, maintaining ties of kinship, honoring our covenants, and honoring our covenants and covenants.
The mountain Arafa has lots of famous names between people, in addition to that the stand on it have several Judgments of the wonderful meanings like imitating who standing on it as a someone who stand between the Allah's hands in the Doomsday where people Barefoot, naked, exposed, appealing to Allah.
some talks has been said about the origin of this habit, one of these talks was the meeting between Adam and Eve in this the area of that mountain or Alkhidir and Elias meeting every year as well.
We will mention in this research the opinions of islamic scientists in hating or praising these habits, to end the research with depending on the best opinion of scientists's talks which say that "it's not good to go up the mountain intentionally" because some people thought that you should only stand on the top (center) of the mountain, this is false but the correct is "it's good to stand near of the rocks under the Mercy Mountain where the Messenger of Allah stood".
And only Allah knows

pedigree is the strongest pillar upon which the family is built, and its members are linked by a permanent bond of origin, kinship, affection and mercy, and it is a blessing from God Almighty’s blessings ((And He is the One who created human beings from water, then made him lineage and in-laws, and your Lord is mighty)). The Islamic Sharia has been concerned with it and sought to preserve and preserve it until it made it one of the five universals without which people’s life cannot stand.Preserving the offspring is one of the five faculties which are religion, soul, mind and money. The lineage has legitimate reasons for it to be proven, and it is established by the legal marriage whose pillars are fulfilled, it is its conditions and its obstacles are not and lineage cannot be proven by way of adultery and forbidden because it is a blessing that is not obtained by attendance and in order to preserve lineage Islam has forbidden adoption and does not prove the lineage of those who adopted him because he is not his real son and it is not possible to prove lineage by contracting falsehood, he lost one of his pillars because he is in the rule of nothing and when the proportion is established on him Rights and duties and matters such as the right to breastfeed, custody and maintenance of the child and establish his right to leave him His inheritance and some of the hadd punishments fall under suspicion, such as theft and slander, and with the establishment of lineage. There are special provisions for marriage and prohibition, such as the prohibition of incestuous marriage and social rights that are summed up in the duty of honoring one’s parents, upholding ties of kinship, and the right of kinship. Also, lineage is one of the legal rights to which common rights are related, and it enters the right of God and the rights of the parties to the lineage, namely the father. The mother, the child, and the proof of lineage is a right of God, the Most High, because it is related to the prohibitions that God has made obligatory to take care of And this care does not come except by preserving the lineage. The Almighty said (O people, we created you as peoples and tribes so that you may know each other. The most honorable of you with God is the most pious of you. Indeed, God is All-Knowing, All-Aware(.

The research is summarized in prayer, its legitimacy and the wisdom of its legislation, that prayer is the way to reach the satisfaction of God Almighty, especially that the Muslim stands in it five times while he is conversing with God Almighty and calling upon Him.
It is a very close connection between the servant and his Lord that no one can interrupt, and prayer is a physical act of worship, because it includes standing, kneeling, prostrating, and other well-known forms of prayer, in addition to being a heart worship through which God Almighty is glorified. And in the words of the Messenger, it is the pillar of religion and the first thing for which the Eid will be held accountable on the Day of Resurrection, when the Messenger said: “The covenant that is between us and you is prayer, so whoever abandons it has committed disbelief.” In this age, we find that prayer is closely linked to psychological comfort and happiness. If he is affected by worries and sorrows and problems accumulated on him, all you have to do is to turn to God Almighty by asking Him in prostration and reverence and enjoying it.
Among the benefits of social prayer is the affirmation of the collective belief of the members of society and its strengthening in themselves and in organizing the group in its cohesion around this belief.
In congregational prayer, there are many profound benefits, the most important of which are the manifestation of equality, strength of one class, unity of word, training in obedience in common or common issues by following the Imam in what pleases God Almighty and heading towards one goal and a noble and lofty goal of winning the pleasure of God Almighty. Their closeness and cooperation in righteousness and piety, nurturing interest in the conditions and conditions of Muslims in general, supporting the weak, the imprisoned, the suspects and those who are absent from his family and children, and prayer distinguishes a Muslim from others, so it is a way of trust and trust.

This study talks – briefly-about an important topic of interpretation and the sciences of the Qur'an, which is the faces of weighting between the statements of the interpreters and the way of discrimination and preference between them.
There is no doubt that this art – I mean the art of knowing conflict and weighting - is a sea of heat, which is forced to know everyone who took the path of Science, and engaged in his request and knowledge of the truth, but it is supplemented by : who was an imam, collector, for the arts of various sciences, immersed in the exact meanings, and no doubt that the Galilean scientist Muhammad Bin Jazi Al-kalbi was so .
So this study came explained and indicated for this aspect, and consisted of an introduction , and pave twelve ten demands and conclusion, I talked in the introduction about the importance of the subject and the reason for writing it , and the approach that I walked it in writing this study , and in the preface I knew Ibn Jazi Al-kalbi briefly, and came : The first requirement weighting by Quranic isotopes, the second requirement weighting by the Sunnah, the third requirement weighting by the sayings of the Companions, the fourth requirement weighting by saying the public and more interpreters, the fifth requirement weighting by the sign of language or expression or discharge and derivation, the sixth requirement weighting by the sign of context, the seventh requirement then the conclusion, in which I mentioned the most important The results , then attached to this study a scout for sources and references .

The current research aims to identify the following:
1.The level of achievement prediction among outstanding students
2.Statistically significant differences in the level of achievement prediction among distinguished students according to the following variables: gender (males - females), grades (fourth middle school - fifth middle school).
The researcher used the descriptive correlative approach, as a methodology for the current research procedures, and in order to achieve the goals, the researcher prepared the research tool, which is: (Achievement Prediction Scale), which consists of (22) positive paragraphs and (18) negative paragraphs, so that the total number of paragraphs of the scale is (40) paragraphs. Each paragraph has three alternatives (applies to me, sometimes applies to me, does not apply to me). And after verifying the psychometric properties of the research tool from its validity and reliability, the tool was applied to the basic research sample of (236) male and female students who were randomly selected to represent the current research community of (676) male and female students of the fourth and fifth scientific grades in the schools of distinguished students (high school). Al-Waeli for the Distinguished, Al-Hilla High School for the Distinguished (in Babil Governorate (2020-2021).
Then the researcher collected the data and processed it statistically, and by using the appropriate statistical methods, she reached the results that showed the following:
1.Outstanding students have a level of predictability of achievement.
2.There are no statistically significant differences in predicting achievement among outstanding students with regard to gender, grade and interaction (gender. Grade).
In light of the results, a number of recommendations were made, including:
- Benefiting from the achievement prediction scale that was built by the researcher in this research by researchers to know the students’ achievement prediction level.
The researcher also suggested a number of suggestions, including:
Studying the effect of self-efficacy in predicting achievement among outstanding students.
The extent to which personal traits contribute to predicting achievement among special education teachers.
Practical intelligence and its relationship to predicting achievement among outstanding students and their normal peers.

The interest in the academic aspect, the individual’s way of thinking, and how information is processed, is not an illusion that psychologists invoke to impose new models on the academic community. There is no doubt that academic success depends on focusing on the student’s strengths, abilities and capabilities and employing them in his teaching, so that each student becomes able to make the most of the educational process.
Therefore, the study aimed to identify the academic buoyancy and its relationship to the academic self-efficacy of a sample of the fourth preparatory students in the Babil Governorate Center for the academic year (2020-2021), and also aimed to identify the differences between the ball and female academic buoyancy with the effectiveness of the academic self. The current study sample consisted of (500) male and female students of the fourth stage in government schools. The academic buoyancy scale was applied (prepared by the researcher) and the academic self-efficacy scale was adopted (Salem, 2016). Males and females at the level of academic buoyancy. One of the recommendations of the study is to pay attention to studying both the scholastic buoyancy and the academic self-efficacy of students in different educational stages. Paying attention to programs that aim to enrich both scholastic buoyancy and academic self-efficacy among middle school students. Some suggestions were also made, including:
Academic buoyancy and its relationship to academic stress among a sample of secondary school students.
Academic buoyancy and its relationship to test anxiety among a sample of secondary school students
Academic self-efficacy and its relationship to academic participation among a sample of secondary school students.
Academic self-efficacy and its relationship to self-efficacy among a sample of secondary school students

The current research aimed to identify the adaptive skills of the behaviorally and emotionally disturbed students and whether there are statistically significant differences for the adaptive skills according to the gender variable among the behaviorally and emotionally disturbed students (the research sample).
In order to achieve the objectives of the current research, it was necessary to rely on a tool to measure adaptive skills, so the researcher built a tool to measure adaptive skills, which includes (47) items to measure adaptive skills for people with behavioral and emotional disorders, by (14) items for the first dimension of communication, and (15) The second dimension included social skills, while the third dimension included daily life skills (independence skills) on (18) items. Formulated in the style of declarative phrases, and after verifying the psychometric properties of the research scale and its paragraphs, it was applied to the main research sample of (100) students who are behaviorally and emotionally disturbed. It also gives the researcher freedom to choose a number of each sex in a random manner commensurate with its size in the research community. The data was statistically obtained using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), and the following results emerged: The behaviorally and emotionally disturbed students do not possess adaptive skills, and there are statistically significant differences in adaptive skills according to the gender variable and in favor of males.

The current study aimed at identifying optical selective attention on the cognitive method (independence dependence) on the field. The sample of the study was from 379 students from the University of Babylon in the University of Babylon, a realization of the current research targets asks for a tool for testing the visual attention, seeking the researcher On previous studies and actions that have been used as a number of tests for measurement and study of visual selective attention and these tests: Vienna Test System - Austrian Products, consisting of several psychological tests, including a private computer, including Test optical surrounding attention, this test includes the appearance of three geometric shapes) and (Circle) and (triangle) and two two bases (black) and (gray), shows this shape in a gray color, or black color, and a static colored and black , When changing the color of one of the shapes surprisingly, the subjugation must press the green color button in the computer keyboard if the shape color is changed) Triangle (or) box (and is required to neglect the form of Circle is a variable or fixed color. (Schuhfried, 2010: 60. While in terms of testing measure of the shapes included The Embebed Figures Tests, where the test includes (and can be tested), which has translated and engaged in Dr. Anwar Mohammed al-Sharqawi and Dr. Anwar Mohammed Al-Sharqawi and Dr. Suleiman Al-Khudari, who used this research by the third of 1988. (Hindawi , Anam, 1990, p. 81)
This test includes three main sections: -
A - Section I: This part is mainly prepared for training only and does not give him a degree.
B. Section II: It consists of nine paragraphs and is characterized by its difficulty.
C-Section III: The second section of the test is rewarded and consists of nine gradual paragraphs in terms of difficult. Each paragraph paragraph is a complex form including a particularly simple form and on the basis of simple format as simple forms exist in a separate paper at the end of the test and the key to debugging and the organization of the test can not be able to see the simple and complex shape in the same Time and statistical analysis were conducted for test paragraphs and the conclusions based on which were established and developed a set of proposals and recommendations

This study aimed to measure the effectiveness of a multimedia computer program based on adaptive feedback using artificial intelligence technology on learning proficiency and the survival of its impact among students of the College of Education in Dilam, Prince Sattam University. The first and second students in the College of Education in Al-Dilam were selected in a cluster-intentional manner in the first semester of the academic year 2021/2022.
The researcher calculated the standard deviation, the arithmetic mean, and the value of (t) to show the significance of the differences between the mean scores of the students of the experimental and control groups in the post application of the achievement test, The researcher refers to the use of adaptive feedback using artificial intelligence technology through multi-media computer programs with artificial intelligence technology,(Blackboard) provides the students with the opportunity to repeat, practice, see and read several times according to their abilities, thus providing an opportunity for the students to practice and repetition, in addition to the forms and fees provided by the program that lead to the development, improvement and mastery of learning outcomes and the survival of its impact ,The results of the study concluded that a multimedia computer program with adaptive feedback based on artificial intelligence technology gives an ability to learn (90%) in dimensional cognitive achievement. 90%) in favor of adaptive regression in posterior achievement, the researcher recommended the use of many multimedia computer programs based on artificial intelligence technology in teaching computer courses and other courses within the faculties of education.

The problem of this research revolves around the main question: Are job performance evaluation levels for employees at Babylon University and its affiliated departments approved? Based on this question, the importance of the research emerges in clarifying the importance of evaluating job performance in light of the exacerbation of the Corona crisis, because the job performance evaluation system is one of the important topics for all institutions that require attention to human resources as a basic determinant of the success or failure of institutions, especially in light of the spread of the Corona crisis.
In order to achieve the importance of the research, the research objective is based on determining the levels of job performance evaluation in the educational institution, as well as clarifying the dimensions of the impact of the Corona pandemic on the level of job performance evaluation for employees.
Based on the achievement of the research objectives, (50) electronic questionnaire forms were distributed to a simple random sample of Babylon University employees, and the social survey method was relied upon to identify and treat research variables, and for the purpose of analyzing the questionnaire responses, the researchers used a number of statistical methods such as: percentage , mean, standard deviation, and chi-square test.
Among the most important results of this research were:
1)The data showed that (78%) are males, and (22%) are females, and the data also showed that the largest age group was between (40-46) years, with a percentage of (30%), and the lowest age group was between (54) - 60 years at a rate of (4%).
2)The data showed that (48%) believe that the Corona pandemic period is insufficient to evaluate job performance, and that (28%) sometimes see the pandemic as sufficient to evaluate performance, and (24%) consider it sufficient to evaluate job performance.
3)The data showed a statistically significant relationship between the respondents’ answers, if the value of the chi-square (8,269) is smaller than the tabular value (7,815), and with a degree of freedom (3), and at a confidence level (95%), so we accept the research hypothesis and reject the hypothesis The morphological that says (there is no relationship between marital status and the social problems they faced at work during the pandemic period).
4)The data showed that 58% of the respondents were married, 18% were divorced, 16% were single, 8% were widows, 72% were living in urban areas, while 28% were living in rural areas.
5)Smaller data showed no statistically significant moral relationship between the respondents' answers, if the value of the Kay box (1,806), was of table value (5,991), a degree of freedom (2), and a level of confidence (95%), so we reject the search hypothesis and accept the pure hypothesis that the direct official divides the work between employees fairly among them during the pandemic period).
The data showed a statistically significant moral relationship between the respondents' answers, if the value of the Kay box (8,269), was smaller than the scheduled value (7,815), with a degree of freedom (3), and a level of confidence (95%), so we accept the search hypothesis and reject the pure hypothesis that says (there is no relationship between marital status and social problems they faced at work during the pandemic period

This research deals with reading the poetic text, rhetorical and critical reading, in the third part of the book, “The Balance,” achieved by Abdullah Al-Mohareb , through the poetic texts that he was exposed to, so that it becomes clear to the reader the rhetorical and critical readings that revolved around these texts.
As this research monitored a lot of readings mentioned by the critics, whether ancient or modern. The researcher touched on the most important of these readings in which the critics differed in understanding the poetic text, whether by accepting this text or rejecting it.
This research monitors the multiple readings, whether they are rhetorical or critical readings in the third part of the budget book.
This research deals with the most important characteristic of literary reading, in the same way that it searches for the comma between the signifier and the signified and works to clarify the multiple meanings, and this is what distinguishes literary texts if they have more than one meaning. This is what Abu Tammam brought from the development of meanings, the statement and the Badi, if he is the only poet who dives into meanings in order to produce them, and this is admitted by Al-Buhturi himself, and this is a breakthrough in the progress of poetry in that era.
This research also showed some poetic thefts and their refutation, and in particular if they are praiseworthy thefts according to the opinion of some critics, unless they are in word and meaning, then this is considered one of the unwelcome thefts unanimously rejected by all critics.
This research also showed the reason for critics' rejection of some poetic texts and the defects in them and some of the differences that took place between critics in an era when conflicts over the old and the new prevailed.

The Language is a means of link the between Humans and communication with others and through them reveals to them including the hidden secrets and things where the vocabulary plays a role in the language and is not limited to this role on the acquaintance and theoretical discussions only, but it has also appeared in the linguistic preparations, where our language consists of words and imposes this speech Through speech in different roles and through the use of words to express our opinion of others and careful consideration of the word we understand it is the result of linguistic meanings used to exchange ideas and ideas, and to understand the meaning of the word and its concept better and we have the interest in using the In this article, we discuss the precise meaning of the novel "Ten Ten and Sindbad" where the vocabulary was extracted and studied in terms of the structure of the vocabulary, the role of the noun and the descriptive, the limitations of the number and the number , Character and color, Persian combination marks, vocabulary of Arabic and foreign combination, special name and names of countries. In order to arrive at the most important characteristics of the uses of the linguistic knowledge of (Tan Tan Sinbad), the use of words is more common, as was observed in research and methodological studies.We can say that the story (Tan Tan and Sinbad) is considered a strategic book in the field of adolescent literature, as this book was edited in the year 1370 AH. ,And the author’s goal in writing such a story was a metaphorical and indirect treatment of the issue of “cultural invasion” of the West’s invasion of the East, and the remarkable thing is that in the early seventies the issue of (cultural invasion) was not clear and visible to everyone, and despite the great focus of the leader of the revolution on This issue, however, was vague and incomprehensible to a wide range of stakeholders and officials.

The Western origin from which the postmodern culture and mouth descended, and the post-structural methodological procedure differs in its output from the climate and the modernist intellectual output. So, the post-structuralist narrative met in opposition to the modernist narrative; Modernist fiction contradicts reality and depicts it in a special structure that is immersed in imagination and abstraction and refuses to be a reflection of reality, but rather works to contradict it with the aim of change and reform. This is the core of the philosophy of modernity.
As for the postmodern storytelling, it approaches reality as it is, in its fragmentation and contradiction, and the projection of the faithful hero from dangers, and therefore it is a fictional simulation of reality, and that realism is the product of what science has made of strides in progress, and the doubt of what the modernist narrative has established from the rules, putting them in question. The novelistic works embody a different style from its predecessor - the structural novel - when its pioneers read the reality by rejecting or re-reading the crises with a comprehensive vision, and an explanation of the self with all its contradictions, and an approach to what was marked as forbidden, and not the major ideologies free from rejection, those that were filled with sanctification for a period It is not short, and it has thus undermined the dominance of intellectual systems that reject the major systems.
By undermining the author’s controlling authority, he places the burden on the reader; In this case, it is necessary to present a text that departs from the certainty of rulings, and is open to a plurality of interpretation; Here, the post-structuralist criticism and critic sensed the extent of the imposing need for a creative reading awareness, to which the relativity of concepts and the infinity of propositions belong.
Thus, the novel associated with that intellectual stage - (postmodernity) and the (post-structuralist) methodology - found that there is no escape from navigating new worlds with wide horizons, capable of drawing articulated features that distinguish them from the previous ones; In her celebration of the Jamahiriya and the marginalized, and this does not conflict with the legitimacy of her birth from a father concerned with progress in the sciences, and what is legitimized by the rationality and science of interpretations, which doubts the certainty of the narrative controls, so she judges her, rejecting that alleged certainty.

The current research aims to know the effect of the verb semantic style in developing the linguistic wealth of the fourth literary students in reading and texts. The method of denoting verbs and the mean scores of the control group who studied according to the traditional method. To verify this, the researcher chose the experimental design with partial control for two groups, one of them is experimental and the other is control. The control group, the research sample amounted to (57) students, (29) students to represent the experimental group and (28) female students to represent the control group. The researcher prepared the topics that will be studied during the duration of the experiment and formulated behavioral goals for these groups, which were (54) behavioral goals. The researcher prepared teaching plans for the topics. He studied the two research groups during the experiment that lasted (6) weeks. The researcher has the following statistical methods (one-way analysis of variance, chi-square, Pearson correlation coefficient) to deal with the data and after analyzing the results, the researcher reached the following result: The experimental group students outperformed Bayah who studied the significance of verbs on the students of the control group who studied reading in the traditional way. The researcher concluded a set of the following recommendations: Paying attention to studying verbs and their tenses and linguistic connotations when teaching reading as a method that has proven effective in developing linguistic wealth and taking into account the mental abilities of students by giving them the appropriate opportunity To do their part during the lesson.

In this research we approach a virgin Qur’anic topic and we called it (The Names of the Noble Qur’an as Titles: A Semiotic Approach). Parallel script that surrounds the text.
There are four names for the Qur’an: the Qur’an, the Furqan, the Dhikr, the Book), and we have approached the two names: the Qur’an and the Furqan, as they are titles of the Holy Qur’an; So we clarified the significance of the word (the Qur’an) in the language, and its connotation in the terminology of the exegetes, and we explained how this honorable word became a flag on the book revealed to our Noble Messenger - may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family -.
Descriptions: As an Arab, and as an explanation of everything, the Qur’an has been called a Qur’an among the books of God Almighty because it is the fruit of His books.
In the first research axis, we approached Surat (Read) because it has exceptional characteristics worthy of the semiotic approach that we have adopted in the research, and by virtue of its brilliant title it lies at the heart of the Qur’anic text of our approach. two levels:
The first - reading the letters written in the Holy Qur’an, that is: reading the written Qur’anic verses.
The second - reading the verses transmitted in the horizons and in the soul.
We have approached the term (the Qur’an) semiotically as a brilliant title of the Holy Qur’an, and guiding our semiotic approach, so we picked up all the Qur’anic material that belongs to the semantic field of reading, and we came across two other Qur’anic terms that are synonymous with recitation, namely: recitation and recitation.
In the second research axis, we dealt with the term (Al-Furqan), so we explained its linguistic significance and its significance in the Qur’anic terminology, as this term was mentioned in the Noble Qur’an to denote the words of God Almighty, because it differentiates between truth and falsehood in belief, and differentiates between truth and lies in the article, and differentiates between the good and the bad. in business.
The term “Al-Furqan” is used to refer to the three heavenly books: the Torah, the Injil, and the Qur’an.
Books as a model for the difference between truth and falsehood: it is monotheism.

The research is an analytical study to demonstrate the validity of the assessment of the omitted accusative to the object, The assessment represents two aspects: the first is the grammatical estimation, which reformulates the structure with what grammatical validity is held within the rules of grammatical attribution, so the most important thing in this assessment is the statement of the elements of the attribution that it is better to remain silent on, and the other side is the assessment of the meaning, which is wider than the statement of the elements of attribution. This assessment aims to understand the structure through the meaning of the speech, and all these estimation issues were taken in the light of the verbal and current evidence in the book of Sharh AlRadi on AlKafiya'a,so the two evidence reoresent the method that determin assesment . So no estimation without evidence because it is a kind of unseen according to what the grammarians wrote about Ibn Jinni, and on the other side, the research represents an applied presentation of the most important regulations adopted by Al-Radi Al-Istrabadi in taking the assessment according to the two presumptions in light of the verbal and current clues in the book Sharh Al-Radhi on the adequacy, and it presents the principles that Al-Radhi adopted in observing the appreciation according to the two evidence, and the research represents a study of the explanation of Al-Radhi Al-Asturabadi for the phrase of Ibn Al-Hajib in his book Al-Kifiyya in grammar and the phrase is (the verb may be omitted because of a prescription, as permissible as your saying to someone who said: I do not strike, and it is obligatory in four places: the first, audible like: a person and himself, and “end well for you” and “Welcome ). As this phrase represents the scientific material from which the research select the writing of the details of the research, and the research. The research discussed the obligatory ruling in which he described Speech by the audible, and Al-Radi attributed the rule of obligation to the reason for frequent use, and the research came out with some results, including that describing audiovisuals with the rule of obligation cannot be said about its release, so it is permissible, and also the research showed that the verbal presumption based on presenting the question and the answer to indicate what is omitted can be counted Current clues not the verbal.

The Second Missouri Compromise in 1850 created bitterness on the part of the northerners because they reluctantly agreed to the fugitive slave law, but in return increased their attempt to free slaves from the hands of the southerners, and although it helped bridge the gap between the north and the south and interests on the issue of slavery, but it helped On passing the special law on the arrest of fugitive slaves, which was a trump card for the southerners and satisfies them, but it caused intense hatred between the two parties and the settlement was accepted in Congress to avoid problems related to slavery and for several years with the southerners and it was a compromise, but the fact that it is just a truce, and the evidence of That is because it returned to political life stronger than before, by legislating the Kansas-Nebraska Law in 1854, until the conflict between the two parties returned stronger and more violent than before. The South passed this law, which was considered more severe than the law of 1793, with fines imposed on people who helped runaway slaves. However, events quickly proved that the compromise solution is to postpone the conflict and not end it, as political parties were established that took it upon themselves to prevent the spread of slavery, in addition to the fact that some northerners resumed their work in increasing the movement of underground railway activity to help the escaping slaves from the south into space. Freedom .

The third dynasty era of Ur (The modern Sumerian era) is one of the important historical eras in Mesopotamia, which witnessed the end of the Sumerians political rule.
This era is characterized by the prosperity of the Sumerian culture at all levels. During the rule of the first four kings of this era, the country witnessed remarkable cultural and economic growth, as well as political expansion and the emergence of their political, administrative, economic and urban role.
The fourth king of this dynasty King Shu-Sin stood out as a shrewd politician for his previous position. He followed the same policy of the kings of the third dynasty of Ur. He was the son of a royal family, therefore, he ascended the throne for his noble and sacred attributes. He gave himself the sacred status on most of the dependent cities in Mesopotamia and Elam. Temples were built for his worship. Some of them were named after him and statues were dedicated to him.
King Shu-Sin authority extended from the southern cities of Mesopotamia to Nineveh and Assyria to Simanum and the country of Zabshali. He adopted a policy of peace and war, defense and attack, to preserve the strength and continuity of the state. He followed the policy of intermarriage with the son of the king Simanum to maintain foreign relations.
Shu-Sin can be considered the last Sumerian king. He laid the foundations of the state and maintained its borders, whether with the Elamites or the Amorites, which was a sign of its cultural and administrative prosperity and urban expansion.

The 1995 Croatian-Serbian conflict is one of the conflicts that took place in the orbit of the Croatian War of Independence (1990-1996), as Serbia entered into a conflict with Croatia under the pretext of protecting Serbian minorities in the Croatian lands in the Krajina region, but this was not the main reason to ignite this conflict Rather, the reason was the unwillingness of Serbia to separate Croatian lands from it, especially since Croatia is one of the areas that connect Serbia's lands to the Adriatic River, and by its separation, Serbia has fallen into geographical isolation, in addition to the fact that the latter wanted to fulfill its old dream of building (the Serbia project The major) which can only be achieved by subjugating the republics of the former Yugoslavia under their authority, and therefore the secession of the Republic of Croatia is a break in and of itself the great project of Serbia, and thus the Croat-Serbian conflict is an obvious and inevitable thing.
The Croatian-Serb-Bosnian conflict ended with the signing of the Ardot ceasefire agreement, and the conflict finally ended when the conflicting parties signed the agreement known as Dayton, which was signed in the French capital Paris on December 14, 1995, according to which Bosnia and Herzegovina was made a federal state consisting of two entities of the Bosnian Union. The Croatian, who controls 51% of the country's territory, and the Serb Republic (Srpska), which controls the remaining 49%, with one national government that enjoys a rotating tripartite presidency.

The research aims to highlight the official Arab position on the Israeli air attack on the Iraqi nuclear reactor on June 7, 1981. The Arab countries strongly condemned that attack. The Arab countries sent letters to the UN Security Council in the period 8-9 June of that year. The Arab countries called on the Security Council to hold an emergency session to address the Israeli aggression, and asked it to make these letters as official documents condemning Israel in the documents of the United Nations. Most Arab countries participated in the sessions held by the Security Council from 12-19 June, and demanded in their official statements that Israel should be punished under Chapter VII of the UN Charter. In the end, the Arab countries succeeded in putting pressure on the Security Council to pass Resolution 487 on June 19. The resolution emphasized Israel's condemnation of the military attack on Iraq, because the attack constituted a violation of the United Nations Charter and international law. The Security Council called for Israel to refrain in the future from committing or threatening to commit such acts. The Council considers the said attack to constitute a serious threat to the entire IAEA safeguards system. The Security Council fully recognizes the inalienable sovereign right of Iraq and other countries, especially developing countries, to establish programs for nuclear technological development, to advance their economy and industry for peaceful purposes in accordance with their current and future needs and in a manner consistent with internationally accepted goals with regard to the non-proliferation of nuclear weapons. The Security Council calls upon Israel to quickly bring its nuclear facilities under International Atomic Energy Agency safeguards. The Security Council believes that Iraq is entitled to receive appropriate compensation for the damage it has suffered, for which Israel has admitted its responsibility.

Wahhabism is the intellectual legacy of Ibn Taymiyyah, who lived in the thirteenth century, as well as the Hanbali doctrine of thought, which was later adopted by Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab, after his agreement with the Prince of Diriyah, Muhammad ibn Saud ibn Muqrin, on the basis of which the first Saudi state was established in 1744 AD, which was named The Diriyah Agreement, and as a result of that agreement, Najd became a center for launching the reformist call that Sheikh Muhammad bin Abd al-Wahhab came with, whose principles rejected the status quo in Najd during the eighteenth century; Its advocates saw that it came to correct the religious and social conditions in central Arabia, as the situation at that time had returned to polytheism and ignorance as a result of the spread of religious ignorance and their division into several conflicting groups, in addition to the large number of tribal wars inside Najd and the depression of trade and economy, and therefore the reform movement worked to purify Najd Manifestations of heresy and polytheism And everything that contradicts the style of Wahhabi Salafi religiosity. Therefore, the Wahhabis took strict measures against the opponents; Thus, jihad was declared after the new call added religious legitimacy to all those who refused to join the principles of the new reform adopted by Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab, and thus there was an urgent need to form an army that would carry the banner of religious jihad, and here the Wahhabi military formations began to appear and become armies despite being jihadi erratic and somewhat temporary; It later swept the entire Arabian Peninsula, which pushed the Ottoman Empire through its governor in Egypt, Muhammad Ali Pasha, the task of stopping that expansion, and since that time a series of Wahhabi wars began, which ended with the fall of the Wahhabi capital of Diriyah in 1811 AD.

The highlight of Alfred Thayer Mohan is of great importance at the level of historical and geopolitical studies, as we did not know that this American military commander, dubbed "Sea Clausewitz", was the one who developed the US naval military strategy since the end of the nineteenth century, which the American administration has followed since The American-Spanish War of 1898, and to this day, his ideas and ideology went further when many countries, including Great Britain, Germany and Japan, were affected by it, and his writings on the importance of a successful plan to form an international naval force with offensive capabilities were direct role in the victory they achieved The United States of America in World War I and II, and reaching its current position as the largest superpower in the world.
Mahan’s views were and continue to guide the foreign policy of the United States of America. She began applying these opinions in a deliberate manner after the Second World War through the Truman principle by establishing a group of naval bases and military alliances in various regions of the world, until it became the most powerful maritime state in the world and surrounded the Soviet Union. Socialist countries with alliances and rules, and their political, economic, and military influence includes most of the developed and developing capitalist countries, and what is happening today in the world is greater and clearer evidence of successive American governments' keenness to apply Mahan's views for the ultimate control of the world.

In view of the development of economic life and the accompanying modern technical development, it made the weak non-professional party in the contract relationship inexperienced and lacks the simplest requirements of contracting and therefore the lack of free and informed satisfaction and the development did not stop there, but the term "consumer protection", which began to spread in most contract relations and which needs to be seen by the weak party in the contract (consumer) appeared in All stages of the contract, whether in the training stage or the implementation phase, this term included parties that were outside its framework such as the category of patients, the direction of doctors and the category of buyers towards investors in residential units.
The recent development accompanying modern technologies in the field of construction has made the consumer unable to provide protection for himself and thus the failure to achieve a nodal balance between the parties. They attribute the reason for this to the population crisis, which has become a global phenomenon in all countries, especially our beloved Iraq, and the corresponding inability of the government to provide alternatives to citizens. The opportunity has become available for the private sector to enter this sector and conclude off-plan sales contracts or incomplete housing units, and because these contracts are new and need legal regulation because they relate to future matters that did not happen on the ground or were not completed, and because the consumer is the weak party who is ignorant of many Technical matters related to construction, unlike the other party, the investor, because he has technical expertise and a specialist in this field. He must inform him of the area of land, the type of construction, the materials used, and all the accurate and essential information related to the contract. Insight must be in the previous stages of the contract and in the stages of its implementation. Thus, the obligation to provide insight.

The implementation of the local e-government system leads to the development of regional administrative decentralization, especially in the field of providing public services and the completion of official transactions to citizens in a modern, fast, easy, accurate and transparent, which in turn contributes to the development of public facilities that directly affect the interests of citizens and improve the quality of services provided electronically at the local level. Digital service delivery based on information and technology development will reduce the traditional delivery of services, which is characterized by administrative routines, slow and complex procedures.
The research problem is that there are challenges facing Iraq's transition to local e-government applications and the provision of information and interactive services through, notably the lack of complete legal regulation and related aspects, which is reflected in the development of practical aspects in the applications of regional administrative decentralization.
The research will be divided in two topics, the first topic the local e-government and legal regulation, while the second topic dealt with local e-government information and interactive services.
The important results, are: that the Iraqi government allocate sufficient funds for the requirements of establishing local E-Governments, and to improve the quality, accuracy and quantity of its electronic services provided to citizens. The Iraqi Constitution of 2005 did not explicitly provide for any regulation of local e-government. The parliament was late in enacting the laws required to activate local e-government applications, so information and communication technology was not used in order to achieve better government services.

The research includes four chapters, the first chapter - the methodological framework of the research, the research problem centered in the following question:
The importance of music and singing in education? While the importance of the research was manifested as it presents through its human relations a set of educational and artistic values that the school theater aims to convey to the students through its tools called music and singing. It was limited to the school theater performances presented during the period (2003-2008 AD), and the chapter concluded by defining the basic terms mentioned in the research title.
As for the second chapter, the methodological framework of the research, it included two sections, the first of which was about studying a historical view of music and its development, in which the researcher reviewed music and nature, music among the Greeks and Romans, music among the Arabs, and then the lyrical theater that combines music and singing, while the topic of the second is to study the basic elements of construction and music from rhythm - notes- vocal and harmonic harmony.
As for the third chapter, it included the research procedures, which is the research community, which included thirteen presentations, the research sample, which contained five excluded intentional presentations, explained in a table, a tool, the research methodology, the analysis form, the validity of the tool, the stability of the tool, and the statistical means.
As for the fourth chapter, it contained the results of the research that the researcher reached and discussed, conclusions, recommendations, suggestions, then proven sources and references, and finally a summary of the research in English.