TANMIAT AL-RAFIDAIN

This research aims to identify the role of e-learning quality standards in enhancing the quality of higher education at the University of Mosul. The research problem revolves around whether there is a statistically significant correlation between e-learning quality and higher education quality in the field investigated. The research hypotheses were formulated, the most important of which was (there is no significant effect of the dimensions of the quality of e-learning combined with the dimensions of the quality of higher education combined) representing the field of research at the University of Mosul, and the research community included all faculty members in several university faculties The researchers adopted the descriptive analytical approach by preparing a questionnaire form distributed to the research sample represented by the (475) faculty members at the University of Mosul. Emphasis on significant correlations between the main research variables and their sub-dimensions in a way that enhances quality indicators Matching search form.

The research aims to measure the impact of monetary policy variables on the gross domestic product in Iraq, as the research aims to demonstrate the impact of monetary policy tools on the gross domestic product in order to achieve economic goals and avoid conflict Among the tools used, as it is not possible to use open market operations without raising the discount rate in The impact on the progress supply, and two approaches were used , the first : descriptive, which includes the presentatio of the theoretical framework of monetary policy and the observer of the relationship Among monetary policy and gross domestic product, and the second : the quantitative approach , which includes building the research model and measuring the impact of monetary policy variables on the gross domestic product in Iraq During the period (1990 - 2020) through the Autoregressive Distributed Time Gaps (ARDL) model , using a software package (Eviews).
Gross esearch concluded th openmarket operations can play an important role in influencing the gross domestic product in the long term. When the central bank finds that the economy is in a state of stagnation, it will follow an expansionary monetary policy , as it resorts to increasing purchases of government financial papers and bonds with the intention of increasing the cash liquidity of commercial banks , and this will increase the ability of these banks to grant bank credit, which will increase The money supply at commercial banks is reflected in the increase in GDP and vice versa, and the researcher recommends . working on updating monetary tools that are more effective in influencing GDP

The research aims to provide a comprehensive and clear picture of the theoretical and philosophical foundations of the capital asset pricing model (CAPM), through which the factors and variables that can exert an effective influence in estimating and analyzing the required rate of return and the mechanism of their interaction are diagnosed, followed by foreseeing an objective empirical model capable of determining the nature of this effect. And its value and direction, in a sample of companies listed in the Iraqi Stock Exchange for the period (2005-2021) and according to the quarterly Panel Data, By adopting the methodology of what is known as the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model, which explains the nature of the effect in the short term (error correction model) as well as the long term, in addition to what it includes from standard diagnostic tests such as the autocorrelation test for residuals, and the test for the instability of variance, As well as testing the stability of the model (structural stability of the estimated parameters) and testing the cumulative sum of the residuals (CUSUM), and the research found weak factors of the capital asset pricing model (CAPM) in analyzing and estimating the rate of return required to compensate the investor for the risk he bears.

Proceeding from the important role played by capital accumulation, as it is the main solution to most of the complex challenges of developing countries, the research sought to provide a theoretical framework on external sources of capital formation, as well as finding the relationship between some financial and economic variables (domestic credit provided to the private sector, trade, And total exports of goods and services, total imports of goods and services, exchange rate, real interest rate, foreign direct investment (net inflows), total savings, inflation, and the total value of traded shares) and capital accumulation for Jordan, using time series data for the period (1990-2020), based on the so-called Autoregressive Distributed Time Lapse (ARDL) methodology.
The research reached several conclusions, the most prominent of which was that savings had a positive effect in the long run in Jordan, which reflects that higher savings lead to higher investments and then increased capital accumulation. Through awareness campaigns to encourage saving.

The evaluation of performance efficiency is the organized description of the strengths and weaknesses related to the job, to serve the development of the efficiency of the performance of employees, in addition to providing managers with the information necessary to take appropriate decisions, as the evaluation of performance efficiency is one of the main factors that determine the success of any production unit of economic units to reach rates High production efficiency. Accordingly, the Northern Cement Associate/ Baddish Expansion Factory was chosen as a sample for the study, because of its effective role in the economic development and the development of the country’s infrastructure, and the provision of hard currency instead of importing cement, and that this industry has great front and back links with many industrial activities and service industries, and these industries are usually heavy in terms of the participation of capital in the production process and the magnitude of the inputs and outputs in it. Relying on the comparative analytical approach to observe the efficiency of the performance of the Baddish Cement Factory, the expansion of the cement industry, by presenting the data on the criteria for evaluating the efficiency of economic performance to measure the efficiency of performance, and to identify the obstacles facing the factory and how to overcome them, and the results showed that 2019 is better for the duration of the study (2018- 2020), as the expansion of the Baddish Cement Factory achieved the highest percentages in the value of production compared to the production requirements, as well as in the standard of partial and total productivity and the added value, and contributed to achieving profits and revenues for the length of the study period for the three years, and this is evidence of drawing production plans for the Baddish Cement Factory expansion to reach Contribute to covering the actual needs of the local market, according to the production capacities available in the factory and harnessing all possibilities of the study (2018-2020). The expansion of Baddish Cement Factory achieved the highest percentages in the value of production, compared to the production requirements, as well as in the standard of partial and total productivity and value-added, and contributed to achieving profits and revenues for the length of the study period for the three years, and this is evidence of drawing production plans for the factory (Baddish Cement Expansion). To reach and contribute to covering the actual need of the local market according to the production capacities available in the factory and to harness all possibilities.

The importance of this research lies in identifying the impact of the budget deficit or surplus as a percentage of GDP on the money supply in the narrow sense as a percentage of GDP in Jordan. The narrow money supply was presented as a percentage of the GDP, which coincided with its effects and trends between the short and long terms. The research concluded with the necessity of adopting the principle of transparency and the comprehensive future vision when preparing the general budget, as transparency consists in disclosing information related to the general budget, and thus the society recognizes its role, especially when there is a budget deficit and public debt. As for the future vision, it is based on the use of standards of Economic efficiency to achieve budget goals.

The research aims to shed light on the concept of foreign portfolio investment and the importance of this type of investment to attract foreign capital to stimulate the stock market, And to identify the most important advantages provided by foreign portfolio investment and the extent of its reflection on the financial depth index, And then measure and analyze the impact of portfolio foreign investment and some macroeconomic variables (inflation rate - the exchange rate - interest rate) on the financial depth index in the Iraqi stock market, The descriptive and analytical approach, and econometrics approach were used in building the model based on the Eviwes 10 program, As well as using the Autoregressive Distributed Lags (ARDL) model, The research problem centered on the following question: "What is the impact of portfolio foreign investment flows on the financial depth index in the Iraqi Stock Market".
The study was applied to the Iraq Stock Exchange for an annual data series for the period (2010-2020), And as the results showed that the financial depth index was not significant in the used regression model, The study recommends working on the development of investment agencies to provide accurate information regarding available investment opportunities, As well as offering tax incentives to investors who hold shares for a certain period.

The study aimed to test and analyze the impact of information asymmetry on the cost of capital, based on a research problem (“What is the nature, size, and direction of the impact of information asymmetry on the cost of capital”?), On this basis, the study assumed "there is a statistically significant effect of information asymmetry in the cost of capital", The study represented a sample that included all companies listed in the Iraqi Stock Exchange, and an autoregressive model was used to measure the effect of independent variables on the dependent variable.
The study concluded by proving the negative impact of trading volume in WACC (in the short term, and as the results showed the significant effect of the information asymmetry indicators represented by (profit margin and stock turnover) on the cost of capital in the short term, The study recommended the urgent necessity to apply the principles of corporate governance for companies listed on the Iraqi Stock Exchange, which work to activate accounting standards, improve the level of disclosure and transparency, and improve the integrity of the financial markets.

The research tackles one of the key economic variables; the determinants of demand for beatification services in women's beauty salons for a sample that represents 50% of the community taking into consideration particular socioeconomic conditions. Several conclusions were reached. Firstly, the number of samples in the study was (483) people, the statistical significance was (94.891%), and (449) of them were below 40 years with a relative significance of (88.212%). This may indicate that the social condition and age group of the sample has a high demand for beautification services in women's beauty salons.
The standard estimations have shown related to the estimating the impact of independent variables (represented by the number of female family members, and the gross monthly income of the families), in addition to economic variables (determinants which were identified in the questionnaire of the study focusing on income, prices, and salary cycles). There were also non-economic variables that were also identified in the questionnaire (mainly related to the impact of performance, social network platforms, personal and social events, and medical instructions regarding using certain beautification materials), and assessing their impact on the dependent variable (represented by the monthly expenses on beatification services in beauty salons). The relationship is proportionate between the four independent variables and the dependent variable. This result is consistent with the economic theories and with the hypothesis of the study.
The study has proposed several recommendations. Since women's beauty salons are spaces for psychotherapy, through talking about various life aspects freely, it is highly recommended to prioritize cafeteria services and provide an internet connection. Due to the privacy of some services provided in certain salons, partitions should be constructed between various parts and departments. It is also crucial to comply with the local administrative and religious measures and code of conduct to ensure that such services have no negative impact on the community and to safeguard the credibility of these salons.

This study aims to show the impact of financial innovation on loans and bank credit facilities, a sample of Arab banks that deal with new financial tools in addition to innovative service techniques. The study used the Evews10 program and relied on the method. The (panel data) time series in the analysis of a sample of banks in the Arab countries, which are:
(Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Jordan, Egypt, Lebanon) with a total number of views
(60) views, and for the period from (2011 - 2020).
Looking at the results of the study, the financial innovations represented by (ATMs and electronic cards) have a positive impact on the ability of banks to grant loans and provide credit facilities. In the face of rivals.
This can be explained by the fact that financial innovations have an impact on the reputation of banks that have employed innovative financial tools in their business, which is reflected in the increased turnout of those dealing with them in the banking market.

Constitutes a incompatibility permanent and continuous of objectives between companies that seeking to provide internal financing necessary to invest and expand the company, and shareholders who seek a reward for their investment, scope to compete between them to get the most of the profits, which gives dividend decisions, based to a set of major determinants great and strategic importance to company and the shareholders, from here the research aimed to diagnose and preview the main determinants of the dividend policy, with presenting integrated overall picture on intellectual and theoretical frameworks which framed the mechanisms of direct and indirect influence that can be exercised by these determinants which varied between financial, economic, political and institutional variables in the interpretation of dividend payments, completed in empirical quantitative analysis, a methodology was employed generalized method of moment (GMM) based on panel data balance for a number of business companies listed in the financial markets of iraq, and for the period (2010-2020) .
The research finds a diversity of factors determining dividend policies in terms of including profitability, liquidity, growth, leverage, debt, market value to book value, ownership structure, company age, cash flow, inflation, changing government policies, and tax considerations, In addition, its impact varies from one company to another. On the other side, research confirmed the unification of the direction of influence in terms of being positive for the profitability variable, liquidity, and market value to the book value, ownership structure, and cash flow, against the negative impact of the financial leverage variable, tax considerations and government policies in the profit distribution policies in the sample companies of the study in the Republic of Iraq.

The current research aims to know the reality of the quality of health care provided by government hospitals in the city of Mosul, using the World Health Organization model, represented by its following dimensions: (safety, equity, efficiency, effectiveness, patient-centered, timely), To achieve the aim of the research, the (descriptive-analytical approach) was used to collect and analyze the data distributed by the questionnaire, which is the main tool of the study., and the research sample was selected using the random method, and it included workers in hospitals (doctors, pharmacists, health professions, nursing staff) who are in direct contact with patients, and the research community consisted of six hospitals. Governmental (4 general, 2 specialized) was considered one of the largest hospitals in Nineveh Governorate and was selected based on the diversity of its specializations and capacity, in addition to the information obtained from documents and records of hospitals and their various departments, and for data and information processing, a set of statistical methods for statistical programs (SPSS. V:26) were used, and (AMOS V.25).
The research has reached a set of conclusions, including the variation in the level of availability of quality dimensions of health services in the surveyed hospitals. Excessive, and services should be based on the evidence base of patients and each patient's medical history and lead to improved health outcomes for individuals and communities based on their needs.

Studies have confirmed that marketing agility is one of the most important factors that enable organizations to adapt to the environment and its variables, and enable the organization to make its marketing decisions quickly and implement them with high flexibility. These decisions are supported by an informational Literacy of everything that can affect the organization, and avoid or reduce the marketing risk To the maximum extent possible, the study aims to diagnose the nature of the relationship and the effect between marketing agility and marketing risk, with the presence of the mediating role that information Literacy can play in strengthening the relationship and its effects. And to verify the nature of the relationship and the effect between the main variables of the study and its sub-dimensions, the scientific bureau and drug store were were selected as a field for the study. and their employees were selected as a sample for the study, which numbered (311) respondents. and to collect the required data and information, the questionnaire was designed as a main tool in collecting the data, which were covered through (66) phrases included in the questionnaire based on a group of scientific sources. (Structural Equation Modeling) SEM, and the results proved the existence of relationships between the investigated variables. It leads to a set of conclusions, the most important of which are: the moral impact of marketing agility in information Literacy and the moral effect of information Literacy in reducing marketing risk, in addition, information Literacy was a complete mediator in the relationship between marketing agility and reducing marketing risk, and the proposals were the most important: the need to pay attention to marketing agility. By scientific offices and stores to reduce the marketing risk to its lowest levels, through Literacy of the information environment and learning from the experience of information

The decline in creative performance is almost an inherent phenomenon of many private university education organizations in Iraq compared to general education, and this is an indicator of its low rank in the Iraqi classification of universities. This research aims to know the extent of organizational clarity represented in (clarity of vision, mission, objectives, and role) from the viewpoint of employees in private university education in Iraq and its impact on creative performance. Two of the ten oldest private colleges in Iraq were chosen: A questionnaire was prepared after reviewing several measurements in some of the previous studies. A questionnaire was sent to its employees, including facility members and officers, and (98) valid responses were obtained, including 55 from Al-Maaref University College and 43 from Al-Hadba University College. The data were analyzed using the SPSS statistical program. Some conclusions were reached, the most important of which is the existence of a significant effect of organizational clarity in its dimensions, the subject of the study, on the creative influence. The researcher made several recommendations, including taking more procedures to familiarize the employees of the colleges with the vision and mission statement and to clarify the goals and roles on many time

The research aims to measure the extent to which the fiscal policy variables respond to fluctuations in oil prices in Iraq, and the research assumed that the fiscal policy variables respond directly to fluctuations in oil prices. Using the autoregressive nonlinear distributed lag (NARDL) model. The (NARDL) model enables us to test the hypothesis of whether the co-integration relationship between the variables is linear or non-linear or even the absence of a co-integration relationship between them. The analysis data was used for the period (1990-2019) in Iraq, and we found that the stability of fiscal policy in Iraq is more sensitive to negative shocks to oil prices than to positive shocks, and the rises and falls in oil prices contribute to achieving the long-term co-integration relationship between economic policy variables with their positive and negative changes and between the rate of public expenditures and tax revenues, where public expenditures need to (23) for approximately a month to return to its equilibrium value in the long term after the effects of the shocks in the economic policy variables, while tax revenues need approximately seven and a half months to return to their equilibrium value in the long term