Al-Rafidain University College For Sciences

The research aimed to estimates the goodness – of – fit tests for ( Linear & Non-Linear ) Models in the analysis of variance for the Autoregression in time series as an conventional ( studied ) method and companied the fitness results by the results of matched paired testing in the related groups as a suggested method , In addition to that , priority of the ordered goodness – of – fit according to several assuming with application contents the product quantities of Iraqi cigarettes through the period ( 2000 – 2009 ) in addition to the data of the time series for the account of sales of that quantities by supposed an Autoregression model of order one ( i.e. AR (1)) . The results showed similarity in the testing goodness – of – fit for all supposed models and for the two series at the level of significant ( P < 0.05 ) in a despite of differences in their priority ordered through applying the two methods. That indicated regression or Autoregression ANOVA would not standup under close scouting for testing goodness – of – fit method which had been mentioned by several literatures .

The research aimed to Suggested technique for estimation self consistency preference grades proportion levels in the Factor Analysis in choosing the components matrix before and after rotation ( Orthogonal & Non – orthogonal ) for two ( or several ) groups of independent groups design through measurement the vertical distance between the Centroid point of all variables in the loading plot of the first three principle factors and the surface of the first component for each group after transforming the plotted form to officinal applicant on the personal computer having potential of using (Drawing line) to draw up the farness mentionable to each one . That is performed the Self-consistent grades estimates. That process aimed to estimate the Self-consistent property in the principle factor analysis for the factors matrices which were under comparative according to graduation of that distances within a descending status in order to achieve to the best choosing for a simple structure and comparisons the descending results of distances mentionable by the calculated Self-consistency grades . In order to estimate the preference grades proportion levels among several groups under comparative , a Suggested technique had been used to enables for obtaining the grades proportion levels which can be used to study the preference grades and then adopted a suitable decision about that criteria , where advert the total vertical distant to the total length of the vertical coordinate through changes the cube form of the three components to the eye denominator on the second component only by using the technique window (3-D Rotation) . These were achieved by real data having ellipse multivariate distribution asymptotically to the multivariate normal distribution . According to the results which had been achieved in application section showed the significant of using the suggested technique in extension rule of the Self consistence criteria in case of one group to estimating the proportion grade preference for two ( or several ) groups for independent groups design in the factor analysis and enables for using that technique in estimating the differences size between that independent groups which were under comparisons .

Encryption is used to securely transmit data in open networks. Each type of data has its own features; therefore different techniques should be used to protect confidential image data from unauthorized access. This paper, has been proposed new encryption algorithm using two different images, one is cover image which acts as key image which is shared by both sender and receiver and other is Informative image. As first step, XOR cover image with informative image to obtain resultant image. The resultant image is decomposed into (n x n) blocks which passed to the Hill Cipher algorithm to form encrypted blocks. The encrypted blocks are transformed into new locations using permutation table.

The object of this work is to determine available ways for energy conservation which it consumed in Iraqi residence sector .
The study is took place in Baghdad city by selected one of residence building and deviation the all of requisite idea applicable that gives conservation, to three region as:-
A: Building construction .
B: Change the energy sources .
C: Increase the Efficiency Value . (Decreases the losses )

The result’s of this work can be reduced the consumed energy in that residence building from 71500 kw.hr to 26167 kw.hr and as conservation percentage is 63.4% from actual consumption and the quantity of fuel which enters to power station is reduced by 151.2 birrel of crow oil/ yearly/ family , the investment money is 9000000 ID which it required .

Round Robin (RR) algorithm is widely used in modern operating systems (OS) as it has a better responsiveness as periodic quantum (occurring at regular intervals) in addition to have a good feature such as low scheduling overhead of n processes in a ready queue which takes a constant time O(1). But, RR algorithms have the worse features such as having low throughput, long average turnaround and waiting time, in addition to the number of context switches for (n) processes is (n) switches.
Shortest Job First (SJF) however, itself is not practical in time sharing Oss due to its low response. More over the scheduling overhead of n processes in a ready queue is O(n), But the good features of SJF algorithm are the best average turnaround time and waiting time.
By considering a static set of n processes, desirable features of CPU scheduler to maximize CPU utilization, response time and minimize waiting time and turnaround time are obtained by combining the kernel properties of SJF algorithm with the best features of RR algorithm to produce a new algorithm as an original and novel algorithm called; " Hybrid CPU Scheduling algorithm SJF-RR in Static Set of Processes " which, proposed in this research.
The proposed algorithm is implemented through an innovative optimal equation to adapt time quantum factor for each process in each round as a periodic quantum (occurred at irregular intervals). That is while applying proposed algorithm, mathematical calculations take place to have particular time quantum for each process.
Once, a criterion has been selected for comparison, deterministic modeling with the same numbers for input is proven that proposed algorithm is the best.

The company’s resources and its competencies make up an importance part of the internal environment of the company. The internal environment plays a crucial role in the Inbounding and Logistics Management processes of the contemporary organization. The company’s core competencies help sustain it in the long run in the face of competition. The paper discusses the process of internal strategic analysis of the organization and examines the factors involved in gaining competitive advantage. The internal strategic analysis of strengths and weaknesses focuses on internal factors that give an organization certain advantages in meeting the needs of its market. Strengths refer to unique resources and core competencies that give the firm an advantage in meeting the needs of its markets.

The Maxwell distribution plays an important role in physics, chemistry and other allied sciences. In this paper used the maximum likelihood estimation and Bayesian using different priors information for estimating the scale parameter of Maxwell distribution of life time are presented. Monte – Carlo simulation is used to compare of these estimators with respect to the Mean Square Error (MSE) ,and the results of comparison showed that for all the varying sample size, the estimators of Bayes method when the prior distribution is inverted gamma is smaller MSE compared to others, and in all cases for both methods the MSE decrease as sample size increases.

Back ground: dental erosion is the irreversible loss of dental hard tissue by a direct acid attack which is due to chemical process not involving bacteria and not directly associated with mechanical or traumatic factors, or with dental caries.
The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of dental erosion among the total sample which composed of 800 children.
Material and method: this survey was conducted on children aged between 11-12 year old in three primary schools in Baghdad – Al- Rusafa side. The school children participated in this study were 800 (380 boys and 420 girls), the affected group was consisting of (31) boys and (24) girls. The level of erosion was recorded by using modified tooth wear index (1994).
Results of this study showed that the prevalence of dental erosion was (6.87%), distributed as (3.13%) mild erosion, (2.5%) moderate erosion and (1.25%) severe erosion. Higher prevalence was found in boys (3.87%) than girls (3%) with significant difference.
A statistically significant difference (P<0.05) is observed between means of affected facial and lingual/palatal surfaces with score 1, 2 and 3 respectively. The difference between the upper and lower facial surfaces and also between palatal and lingual surfaces was: highly significant (P<0.01) for score 1, significant difference (P<0.05) for score 2 and a non- significant difference (P>0.05) for score 3. A non- significant difference (P>0.05) is found between the upper and lower occlusal surfaces affected with score 1, 2, and 3 respectively.
Conclusion: the prevalence of dental erosion was higher in boys than in girls, which is due to higher consumption of acidic drinks and high frequency of carbonated drink intake.

This study aim's to shed light on value chain, incubation theory and nonlinear dynamics terms, because they represent one of the organizational situations at the different organizations through the change hasten and the systems complexity. In order to find the significant relation between the two variables (Incubation Theory and Nonlinear Dynamics) Factor analysis was applied. For this purpose a model was examined in Iraqi environment, Thus a number of Iraqi organizations was the sample of this study, and it's members were selected according to their knowledge about incubators and it's applications.

The Maxwell distribution plays an important role in physics, chemistry and other allied sciences. In this paper used the maximum likelihood estimation and Bayesian using different priors information for estimating the scale parameter of Maxwell distribution of life time are presented. Monte – Carlo simulation is used to compare of these estimators with respect to the Mean Square Error (MSE) ,and the results of comparison showed that for all the varying sample size, the estimators of Bayes method when the prior distribution is inverted gamma is smaller MSE compared to others, and in all cases for both methods the MSE decrease as sample size increases.

The popular classical estimates for parameters of distributions are highly influenced by outliers, to avoid the effect of these outliers; robust estimates for parameters should be located gives approximate value of the classical estimation when the data are free from outliers.
In this paper, suggestion was made to use (〖〖MAD〗_∝^*〗_ /D,D>0) as a robust estimates for the parameter of the exponential distribution. A simulation technique was used to generate data in different size based on random number generation to compare between the suggested robust estimates for different value of (∝) with the standard deviation depending on the mean square error (MSE). Results indicate that (〖〖MAD〗_0.4^*〗_ /0.327) is the best robust estimator for the parameter of exponential distribution of different size for the samples generated and for different value of the parameter.