Mustansiriyah journal of pure and applied sciences

This work aims to paper silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the green synthesis method, considered a low-cost and environmentally friendly method, and to study the structural properties of these nanoparticles by X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements. The results of XRD show that the AgNPs are polycrystalline in the dominant direction (122) (111), (200) (220) (311). By studying the surface morphology, the AFM results showed that the grain size of the AgNPs is (6.73 nm). In contrast, the SEM results showed that the AgNPs have a spherical shape, and the average particle size is (52.532 nm). The chemical signature of AgNPs was known through FTIR measurement and was found to consist of a group of organic compounds. Through biological application, AgNPs were found to be effective in killing Escherichia coli, which is usually present in contaminated water and infects the intestines of humans and animals. That allows the AgNPs to effectively reduce many human diseases caused by these types of bacteria

In this work, the approximation solution for nonlinear hyperbolic partial differential equation (NLHPDE) is obtained by using the mixed Crank-Nicolson (CN) scheme and the Galerkin Method (GM) and it is symbolized by (MCNGM). At first the CN is utilized for the variable of time to obtain the discrete weak form for the NLHPDE, and then the GM is utilized which reduces the DWF into the Galerkin nonlinear algebraic system (GNLAS) at each step of time. Through utilizing the predictor-corrector techniques which are symbolized by the obtained GNLAS is transformed into Galerkin linear algebraic system (GLAS) which is solved by applying the Cholesky method. The convergence of the method is studied. Some examples are given to illustrate the efficiency and the accuracy for the proposed method.

This work used the Composition Caputo-Katugampola Fractional Derivatives technique to tackle nonlinear problems and delay fractional differential equations. The fractional derivative is defined using the Caputo and Riemann-Katugampola Fractional Derivatives Method. Proposed method in comparison to other digital technologies, this one is simple, effective, and is not complicated. Ensuring authenticity and correctness of to proposed method by discussing some exemplary problems

In this article, we use the Sinc approximation to solve the single Poisson problem (where the first derivative or higher order does not have an exact answer on the border of the boundary). We have examined the Sinc Galerkin approximation to solve the single Poisson problem, and finally, to solve the Poisson problem, We will use the sinc collocation method and in this method, we will reach a linear system. By carefully choosing the length of the steps and the number of nodal points, we will solve this system with two methods, with the orthogonalization technique; a numerical approximation will be obtained, Its accuracy can be exponential and of exponential order. In the final part, we will give some numerical examples of single Poisson problems

This study explores the effect of zinc (Zn) doping on the structural and optical properties of the copper oxide. Nano crystalline copper oxide (CuO) thin films were deposited onto the glass substrates by using a plasma deposition technique. This CuO was then doped with Zn ions at certain weight percentages. The structural and morphological characteristics of both pure and Zn-doped CuO thin films were examined by using X-ray diffraction analysis, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and UV optical spectrometry. From XRD, it was revealed that all thin membranes exhibit multi-crystallization and the crystalline volume of thin films was calculated using Scherrer's formula. The crystal size of the Zn doped CuO changed when compared to the pure CuO due to the Zn size, density strain of CuO lattices and dislocation density. From the results of the FESEM and AFM, presence of the small, spherical-shaped granules in the thin films of pure CuO revealed. However, post-doping results revealed the presence of greater homogeneity in the CuO resulting in a regular granular nature. Furthermore, results of the optical study corroborated the successful doping of the CuO as pure CuO possess highest optical absorption values and the lowest values of the optical band gap. However, post doping results of the CuO showed an increase in optical band gap when the doping rates was less than 6% but shows decrement at relatively higher doping rates revealing the effect of Zn doping on CuO.

Data security is a critical component of the efficient performance of every organization's diverse requirement, one of the important requirements is to provide a secure connection for data transmission in the organization's networks. Cryptography algorithms are used to protect transmitted data from unauthorized access. Every day, a great deal of research is being done. The process of encrypting data is currently under development. Therefore, a substantial technological or research effort is still required. Cellular networks and secure communication. This proposal calls for developing a KASUMI algorithm that depends on Using random keys in all the rounds. These keys were generated by generating a random number in a range (0 to 1) by using the standard function, then assuming a zero-bit value if the random number is less than 0.5 or assuming a one-bit value if the randomly generated number is greater than 0.5 this operation is repeated until obtaining a desired key length to use it in a round of the algorithm. That means we generated random keys as 128 bits for each round and saved it in an array with size (8×8) because we have 8 rounds, and each key is divided into 8 subkeys as 16 bits for each to use in encryption and decryption. The developed random keys and traditional algorithm keys were tested with statistical tests of NIST, which made up a comparison and conclusion that the developed keys have a higher randomness especially when passed almost all tests successfully. that’s means we can conclude that our modified Kasumi algorithm achieved more secure data in its resulting cipher text which evaluated by several statistical metrics.

The study involved simulating the preparation of zeolite with its natural square structure in its simplest form, as well as the structure of a modified zeolite. The modification was achieved by adding one atom of copper or iron to the square zeolite. Additionally, the study included the preparation of cubic zeolite. Simulation of the structural and electronic properties of zeolite and developed zeolite structures was studied, using density functional theory at the B3LYP level and the 6 – 311G(d,p) basis set. The above properties of non-oxidized and oxidized hemoglobin were also simulated, for the purpose of making a comparison between it and the coalescence of developed zeolite with non-oxidized hemoglobin, to know the effect of the developed zeolite structures on hemoglobin as a pharmacodynamics property. The Gibbs free energy was calculated for the docking of oxygen with non-oxidized heme, which was (-51.624 eV) as well as for the zeolite structures developed after docking with non-oxidized heme, which was (94814.14175 eV) for Fe - zeolite with DHB and (4107.871817 eV) for Cu - zeolite with DHB. Through the thermodynamic results, it was shown that the docking process of the developed zeolite structures with non-oxidized hemoglobin is non-lethal and harmless and is similar to the docking process of oxygen with heme. It can be concluded from this, that the developed zeolite structures can be used in medical applications, such as participating in treatment, delivering medications, or carrying medications inside the human body.

SMS –Banking is a value-added service solution that allows banked customers to be able to perform certain banking operations related to their account such as balance viewing, transfer, etc. via the mobile network operator's SMS service. The integrated platforms for these services include added values, with one part connected to the mobile network via the SS7 protocol stack and the other end to the IP network. The development of SMS-based mobile applications requires the installation of a text messaging gateway that allows interconnection between the two networks (telecommunications and computer). OZEKI is open source software. It is an SMS gateway that can receive SMS from GSM network and forward them to another network. It supports several types, allowing SMSC to be linked between them or between a GSM network and another network (IP for example). The OZEKI portal therefore makes it possible to set up value-added services. Computer Science has a dynamic computer park that allows them to develop and conduct effective research in Computer Science because information technology makes the fundamental pillar in development for the progress made in the world today as Computer Science Department students have the necessary tools for them to help in their research .

The rapid breakdown anodization (RBA) process was used to modify the copper surface and
produce copper oxide powder. The effects of the temperature and inhibitors like glycerol and
ethylene glycol were studied. The rate of corrosion increased dramatically at low temperatures,
whereas it decreased at high temperatures. Cubic Cu2O particles were formed on the anode.
Their sizes increased with increasing temperatures. Scanning electron microscope (SEM)
images show the production of semispherical particles in the powder formed at low
temperatures, but these particles congregate and combine at high temperatures. After using the
glycerol, octahedron and semispherical Cu2O particles were formed on the anode and cathode,
respectively. The findings confirm the concept that the anodizing process's temperature may
be utilized for controlling the oxide to metal ratio. Significant slowing of the anodic process
occurs at high ratios for both inhibitors.

In this study, a non-thermal atmospheric argon plasma jet NTAPJ was designed and used to treat the porous silicon layer, prepared by photo electrochemical etching PECE. N-type porous silicon layers were distinguished before and after the cold plasma treatment utilized by X-ray diffraction XRD, atomic force microscopy AFM, field emission scanning electron microscopy FE-SEM, photoluminescence PL, and dark and photo current-voltage characteristics. The results confirmed the nanostructure of the formed porous silicon. After the treatment with argon plasma, the intensity of the XRD peak increased, and the porosity decreased from 93% to 62%. Additionally, porous silicon\'s average roughness Sa and root mean square Sq were reduced from 60.10 to 12.31nm and 73.70 to 16.53nm, respectively. The current-voltage characteristic indicated the increase in photocurrent and the ideality factor, as well as a decrease in dynamic resistance. The photoluminescence results showed a change in PL peaks, represented by a blue shift, an increase in intensity, and a vanishing of another peak.

The main purpose of present our paper, is to obtain the best one-sided trigonometrical approximation for an unbounded function of one variable in weighted ????????,???? [????,−????]-space. Additionally, the averaged modulus of smoothness have been utilized in the weighted ????????,???? [????,−????]-space to estimate the degree of the best one-sided trigonometrical approximation. Also some certain auxiliary lemmas that will help us in obtaining our main results have been introduced. Furthermore, the direct theorem (Jackson theorem) and the inverse theorem were also proven in trigonometric polynomials, and the equivalence between them was obtained.

Thin films of pure epoxy and Epoxy/TiO2 were successfully prepared using the spin coating
method. The epoxy was doped with different weight ratios of TiO2 nanoparticles for the
purpose of studying the effect of increasing its percentage on the properties of epoxy thin films.
The surface topography of the prepared films was studied using an atomic force microscope
(AFM), which showed that the surfaces of the samples became rougher with an increase in the
doping of TiO2 nanoparticles. The functional groups were measured using a Fourier infrared
spectrometer (FTIR), which showed the presence of TiO2 bonds in the epoxy matrix at wave
numbers 400 and 862 cm-1
. Optical measurements for absorbance, transmittance, and
reflectivity showed a clear effect of TiO2 nanoparticles on the optical properties of the prepared
samples through high absorbance for ultraviolet ray’s B (UVB) and low absorbance for visible
light. Reflectivity decreases at the wavelengths of UVB and increases at the wavelengths of
visible light with an increasing doping ratio. This makes these thin films candidates for use in
anti-UVB coatings.

This study delves deeply into numerous cybersecurity research endeavors, including rising fields such as IoT and connected vehicle security, as well as well-established dangers such as malware and DDoS assaults. Scholars use a variety of approaches, including deep learning and machine learning, with a strong emphasis on clear dataset descriptions and the consequences of false positives and negatives. The emphasis on accuracy and contextual awareness is very important, especially in IoT security. Rapid danger identification is primarily reliant on automation and efficacy, with a dedication to innovation demonstrated by the use of cutting-edge approaches such as Genetic and Wolf Optimization. However, striking a balance between feature selection, accuracy, and execution time remains a major difficulty. The availability of shared benchmark datasets facilitates comparable inquiries. Finally, the research intends to strengthen cybersecurity defenses and boost digital trust by providing essential insights and paths for navigating the ever-changing world of network protection.

The observation of Jupiter's radio signals is affected by the density and height of the
ionospheric F2 layer. The study aims to determine an approximate observation threshold from
the values of the F2 peak density and the height of the F2 peak. The study was conducted using
data from the Florida and Lamy stations in the USA. Utilizing actual observation data of
Jupiter's radio signals from the Radio JOVE Data Archive for the years 2014-2015. The Radio
Jove Pro software was employed to predict radio emissions from Jupiter. Ionospheric data were
sourced from the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) website. The primary focus of this
study is to examine the role of the ionosphere in blocking the radio signals emanating from
Jupiter. It was found that 49% and 31% for the Florida and Lamy stations respectively of the
predicted radio emission events from Jupiter were not observed. The likelihood of observation is
higher after sunset and depends on Jupiter's elevation above the horizon relative to the observer.
The F2 peak density during nighttime and throughout the year ranged from approximately 10
11 to
1012 m-3
at altitudes of about 260-360 km. 89% and 98% of the observations from the Florida
and Lamy stations occurred when the F2 peak density was less than around 6×1011 m-3
. In
contrast, 80% and 56% (for the Florida and Lamy stations, respectively) of the cases of nonobservation occurred when the F2 peak density was greater than approximately 6×1011 m-3
. As
for the height of the F2 peak (hmF2), 85% and 93% of the observations from the Florida and
Lamy stations occurred when the hmF2 was greater than 300 km. The probability of observation
is significantly influenced by the relationship between the ionospheric electron density and its
corresponding altitude.

The present study describes the designing and its execution of xeinabot, a public domains spoken
smart agent in an Android system. The primary goal of this work is to design and construct a
personal agent that combines chatbot technology and statistical methods for speech search. The
former uses Hidden Markove System Algorithmic procedures and the N-gram technique for
Automatically Speech Recognition, while the latter relies on chatbot systems for Speech
Recognizing and uses Multinomial Naïve Bays Method for classification and brute force search
for matching patterns. The main objective of this strategy is to create an agent that convinces
people into thinking they are speaking with a human when, in reality, they are speaking with a
machine. utilizing chatbot technology to make advantage. After evaluating roughly 500 phrases
on various subjects, the evaluation findings show very good results and, in the majority of
circumstances, the agent behaves like a person. The success task (correct voice recognition and
speech understanding) amounts to 86.6%.