Journal of The Iraqi University

Abstract :
The mention of the universe is frequent in the Holy Quran for many times and paying the attention to the creation of man, plants and animals, the mountains and the seas. The interpreters had many stands before these verses of the universe each according to his age because the Quran is a miracle for every generation that followed the age of message. Undoubtedly, thinking of the creation of the universe and its system, and the creation of man and everything in the universe is the worship by itself, as it is an indication of the grandeur of Allah Almighty. The division of the research comes in five inquiries and sub-inquiries; the first inquiry includes a short introduction about the universe andits emergence; the second is including Earth and its satellite (the Moon), while the third inquiry includes the creation of the sun, and the fourth inquiry includes the creation of man and the fifth includes the end of the universe. I came up to the most important findings in the Conclusion.

Research Summary
The novel about (the weak of the narrators) took a large area of research, study and discussion among the applicants of the modernists as well as those who lagged behind them in the rank and time and I am not talking here about what they have completed their research on this subject in general, but to speak in detail, that I mean in the search and look wide In the position of the modernists of the novels of "Zuhad, slaves and the sheikhs" in terms of acceptance and response, he counted one of the Knights of this field and those who return to it and depend on it in the editing of this delicate scientific issue:the novel about these people of the weak good people for their weakness in the conservation of the Prophet's Hadith and control them - Tolerability and performance, due to INCH Concern themselves politely and upgrade them to the ranks of the people of perfection, and they left for swoon science councils, scientists and Mzahmthm them up, and not accountable to the people mentioned and competence to speak of the Prophet and his critics about the origins of the novel dulling about the hidden issues of this science and Dakkaigah It was one of the first to consider the novel about the good people who are described as good and worship and asceticism

The Conclusion and Important results
- The specialist should take care of the Islamic aspect .He should show the beautiful things in amodified words that sutible for the Holy Quran and Sunna.
- He should explain the beautiful relationship between God and the worshipers.
- The Results of this research include the improvement of the Islam totalitarian . It is doctrine intellect spirit transparent curriculum modesty and jihad.
- Explain The love for Allah and for the Prophet ( peace Be Upon him ) by the complete following for this divine curriculum .
So I request Allah to accept my good deeds .

Abstract
The research ( Explanations of naming things in the Hadith ) aims to prove the leadership in this linguistic aspect to the prophet Muhammad -peace be upon him-. He is the first one who pronounced it as in Hadith. So linguists and others were raced by him, and they are not the first who know it as it famous.
The research is a contribution to consolidating the leadership of the prophet Muhammad -peace be upon him- in alarm on this linguistic semantic aspects way that helps to understand the relationship between the name and named.

Research Summary
Praise be to Allah, peace and blessings be upon our Prophet Muhammad, the Seal of God's messengers and companions on The God of the good and virtuous and righteous companions who carried the banner of religion and the right to set out, and followed them from the imams and scholars reformers on the debt; and after..
The theme of the purposes fun of subjects living in the community who wants to settle in all its aspects in order to enter it in all sections of society and what concerns us in our research is the money and how development and preserve it, so it caused an increase in the income of the individual and society and its great importance in raising level of living by adjusting the ways to win according to the rules and purposes considered, because of the ways to gain what is harmful to the individual or society, including Azbbh of social differences and generate individual discounts or divine punishment, Vlahmah topic and place all of this prompted me to write it, Vosmat Search: ) Effect of legitimate purposes in investment funds selected models applied And made three sections, namely:First topic: Definition legitimate purposes and the three demandsThe second topic: types of objectives in terms of strength in itself, and the three demandsThe third topic: the impact of the legitimate purposes in investment funds, which are two demands, and the finale of the most important results,Valmqasd vary according to the strength in itself into three types: (purposes are necessary, and Hajih, and ameliorative) and each type with its own fields, Valdharorah restrict scientists five, namely: (psychology, religion, mind, and birth control, and money) and needful are all human needs of public affairs which does not reach the necessary, such as the lack of fraud and lack of damage in the sales as well, such as the king of the house and the animal and other examples, and the desirable: It is without needful is interested in complementary purposes Kmcarm ethics and virtues of habits, which left her no leads often to the distress and hardship.

Summary
• After this arduous journey shall take, scientific, fun fruit stand to show the most important results that improves mentioned, nor neglected and outlines the most important findings as follows:
• • that the fatwa is not a note of studying, but it is workmanship need to Derbe and Maran, and depend on other knowledge only aware of jurisprudence, this industry is the use of Fiqh colleges to apply to the facts molecules.
• • The right with God, and one does not numerous, and Diligent them and correct to the mistaken, though mistaken Mahtoot his sin, and both paid.
• • that the warning of erroneous fatwas does not necessarily mean there is excusable to their owners or to abstain from the dismissal of missteps and advise them, as it does not mean the degradation of scientific their status, but must know their fate and save galore privacy for them and not Altnqs them; to them from an earlier thanks and great philanthropy.
• • inattention to the mufti of his time and circumstances of the reality of not being able to put in place proper Aftiah variables, so they proceeded to the approval and processing of reality and insightful, with its pros and cons.
• • that the function of the mufti to be scheduled and is not an excuse, though concern to justify the fact deviant political him and others led to the fatwa deviation from the right path.
• • that the ignorance of the reality of calamity impact on rampant and deviations rooting fatwa errors; because the reality is the focus of governance and replace downloaded, which is more accurate tract discretionary, and meditator in some jurists era finds some risk advisory opinion in matters not surrounded by a note; sufficiency including Mkhozonth of legislative and jurisprudential texts although this does not sing unless supported by the full knowledge of the incident and asked about a thorough understanding of what they are.
• • evidence that the legislative Tedeih single subject and Ajtzaha lead astray in understanding and slippage in diligence; and that industrious remains ineligible for consideration of all evidence, but be limited to a single directory may have been home to home, which is downloaded quoted him.
• Finally we ask God and Muslims wholes good ending.

Summary Search
Islam has organized all walks of life, economic, political, social, and put each side of which a system arbitrator strong together, to Aidannah any system in the world, and it was a legitimate policy regulations in force in the management of the country and its people. Politics is legitimate jurisprudential course important to guide the nation to fit their situations, and achieves its interests without violating Islamic law, and it has many areas in general, and most important: the overall mandate, and the pledge of allegiance, and state funds, and organized, and the provisions of the levies, and the kinds of funds that followed the imams of the parish, the provisions of the earths in Aqtalla and revived and protected waters, and the provisions of the charity, and the judiciary and related provisions of the foundation, suits, proceedings, and other procedures in addition to the crimes and border and sanctions, and related provisions of the types, and security and peace with enemies, and related provisions of the Jihad, and Magistrates, and other relationship between the Imam and his flock, and the statement of his rights, and the rights of his subjects, and how to deal with the Palestinian Authority in the light of the rules and regulations prescribed for the management of state affairs in accordance with the Sharia. Clearly the work of the Prophet, peace be upon him, and his successors adults, God bless them has been shown in they construct an Islamic state, and take care of their affairs legitimate policy, the work legitimate policy taken from the biography of the Prophet, peace be upon him, and his successors adults is very important for reforming the sponsor and the parish today, as that man a civil nature, and through his dealings with the people of his community and its relations with them are bound to ensue such transactions and relationships reciprocal rights and duties, and this makes it imperative to have a system of controlling their behavior, it does not Asagam people ordered, and organized their affairs, and preserve their rights, does not do justice to the oppressed from the oppressor, are given rights to their owners, and guarding the debt, but the Governor is sponsored by that system, and applies it to the members of the community justice, and work to achieve their interests, and pay off evil and evil for them, this is the heart of Justice, as Allah the Almighty said: If you judge between people you judge with justice } [women: 58[. The importance of Islamic politics through the repair of the parish and the management of their affairs without violating Shara true, adding that most of the objectives of Islamic politics working on the administration of justice in sentencing, and documentation of love links and compassion between people in the Muslim community, as it works to regulate the relationship between the individual and society and protect the rights and ensure the interests of the people, and for that he knew legitimate policy aware widely sought a renewed gradient in human life, and emerging issues in human life on the debt, and the debt is fit for the application in all the time and era. Regimes has been keen in Islamic history to maintain and preserve the integrity of the Muslim nation for many centuries, and with the Muslim commitment to Islamic political system was a strong religion and judgments are held high the flag fluttering in the wind, and to abandon Islamic politics, no religion weakened the nation and torn and parted the Sultan for the Koran, laying waste pride and dignity under the existing regulations on the subordination of the policies and ideas of positivism, which do not serve only the interests of the enemies of the nation.

Summary:
Handing this research the subject of important topics in theology, a time, and how to speak scientists dealing with this subject, and what is meant by it, Azetbin us that the time is renewed known estimated by renewed last, though attached to the time may not be on God As it turns out us for being exalted contrary to the accidents, and the relevant topics that are relevant to the concept of time, an incident of Flowers, as the mind does not prevent it, as well as it is possible, as well as the concept of configuration, the attached time it returns being everlastingly when Maatreedis, and not an accident, and the issue of the deceased is with them in their time of dying in it, ie, the estimated death time, Amama respect to the people of the period, the topic was linked to time in terms of their judgment between the period of Prophet Abraham and Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him.

Abstract
The particular is the verbal speech that indicates to one named item and refer to multitude specifications . the specification is when verbal speech deals with a part of what it acts for not all of it .The general is verbal that deals with generalization and verbal speech . the aspect of speech in particular and general divided into four sections which are : general speech act for generalization, particular speech acts for specification , general speech acts for specification and particular speech acts for generalization , there is agreed about the first three antecedent but there is variation about the last one , also the last one acts for generalization unless the is approve out of verbal speech extracted it from generalization

Research Summary
Find highlights the important role in the community pillar , a woman standing on the extent of empowerment in Islam , after what has become tradition misleading and legacies are prevalent in Islamic societies rather than rules -Shara and its provisions , to find the invitations biased by the enemies of Islam the floor of her Muslim women to come out of its prestige and Oukarha and pay to the fall of their rights under the pretext of victory !It was optional for this search ; to be the title of a reality shadowed forth in the Arab and Islamic societies in order to authoritarianism male , and deluded in the Western societies in order to fight Islam , and to be subject again to the reality of Islam that existed in the reigns of prophecy and the caliphate , and framed rules Shara and assets , and applied Islamic models immortal.And concluded that:
1. Islamic law women retain full its competence to manage their money and make different contracts , so as to ensure its physical empowerment in society according to the independent al-Shara rules .
2. Shara decided that women are the sisters of men , and decided to equality in the origin of creation and human Nspthma , make women as well as men in terms of the origin of the legitimate costs , and in terms of reward and punishment and penalty , and in terms of individual and social rights .
3. and that women differ from men in al-Shara is no difference in the integration of different deficiency , which is an exception in order to know the value of the asset .
4. The differences between men and women in Islam are the differences between the sexes is not between two individuals , which is linked to the functions and varied psychological and physical and religious .
5. linking the application of community empowerment for women consciously and wake-up society as a whole , and the important role of women Tbesrth that God has enabled her community , their value and how it was in the era of the message and succession anchor of stability and support.

Conclusion
Through the above we can deduce the following:
1- The Umayyads adopted the policy of discrimination by not granting the administrative and military posts to the people of Mero.
2 - The Umayyads were keen to collect taxes and excise taxes from the people of Mero without taking into consideration the conditions of production.
3 - It is clear that this policy left a barrier between the people of Mero and Walaa.
4 - Most of the Torah that was passed in the passage of the banner of equality.
5 - Mero was keen on independence from the Umayyad caliphate.
6 - The people of Mero and the personality of Abu Muslim Khara

Research Summary
In our opinion, Zayat is the minister writer poet mark, and his father was Zaata logistically. Corruption of this literature and the arts, and in tact systems and poetic prose. Button for three consecutive successors are Mutassim and confident and al-Mutawakkil. He was hostile to Ahmad ibn Abi Dawood Mu'tazili innovated, Vaaatary Ibn Abi Dawood al-Mutawakkil, though it agrees in fad retire in the creation of the Koran so that the son of al-Mutawakkil issued Zayat and tortured. The creation of the Koran says and says what one never mercy, compassion Creek in Copyright imprisoned in a cage critical isnaads nails Kalmsal (which he invented to punish violators) (It is drilling a well for his brother signed it, as they say Was shouting and says: Arahmona, say to him: Mercy Creek in nature as you say you are And progress to-Mutawakkil when he read is directed by They came to him and found him dead the duration of his stay in the oven forty days. Died in four years and two hundred and thirty from God what it's worth.

Abstract
Creativity is a human activity includes finding solutions to the problems it faces and attitudes in a non-traditional solution to find a new one that is never made.The current research is aimed to know the effect of teaching of the principles of philosophy and psychology at the development of creative thinking skills in fifth grade literary students. The researchers put the null hypothesis of the following:There is no difference statistically significant at the level (0.05) between the fifth grade literary who studied philosophy and psychology at the test of pre and post creative thinking. The researchers chose the design of the experimental design of a partial control equal group. The researchers used creative thinking test prepared by (Mr. Khairallah), and the researchers found the test sincerity and persistence.
The researchers used the following statistical methods:
1. Alta'i test (T-Test) for independent samples 2. Kai-square (ka 2) 3. Persian correlation coefficient 4- Spearman coefficient - Brown
The researchers reached the following results:
Outweigh the experimental group students who have studied the material principles of philosophy and psychology at the control group students who have not studied the material principles of philosophy and psychology at the posttest of creative thinking.
The researchers made several recommendations including:
1. Adopting the principles of rule of philosophy and psychology as a basic material for the students of the preparatory stage because of its active role in the acquisition and development of creative thinking.
2. Emphasize the importance of the principles of rule of philosophy and psychology during the preparation of teachers in colleges of education.The researchers presented several suggestions, including:Conduct a study to know the effect of teaching the principles of philosophy and psychology to develop other types of thinking (critical thinking, deductive thinking).

Abstract
The present study aims at Preparing Poull Newtton Ability test Numerical Inference to the Potential Traits Theory By Useing of Racsh s Model According to the Potential Traits Theory. To achieve this aim , certain scientific steps are followed in preparing the afore mentioned test firstly , the test items and instructions are translated from Arabic into English , then vice versa , taking cane of the accuracy and comprehensiveness of the total ideas included in the test . The test then is exposed on a number of expends who recommended several modification which are taken into account. Later on, the test items and instruction were exposed to another jury members who are specialized in Arabic Language and Educational and Psychological Sciences to assume the translation validity of the test item and the an ability of the appropriate character's tics of these items and their options in respect to their form and content . Accordingly, the test items were considered suitable to achieve the aim of the present study.
The test , then is applied on a stratified ran done sample of 150 male and female secondary students from the, six classes form both the scientific and humanity branches located in the province of wasit.. In order to verify Rasch's model assumptions, the following steps are done:
1- Uni – dimension: To verify this assumption factorial analysis of the test is applied by using the essential components. One meaning full factor of the test is obtained which is interpreted by the lower limits of Guttmann which considers the factor to be statistically significant since its Eigen value equals or up the one, and depending on a ratio of 0.30 – up to the items saturation ratio by the general factor according to Guilford's norm..
2- Matching the items of the model depending of the Chi² value on
significance of o.o5. Accordingly, five items were higher than the Chi² value on 0.05 level of significance of 0.05. Accordingly, tow items were eliminating from the test become their values which were higher
than the Chi² value on 0.05 level of significance.
3- Measurement independence which achieves objectivity represented by Rasch's model, for no item is eliminated.
4- In order to get rid of the fractions and negative signs ( i.e. minus ) , the logget unit is changed into the percentile watt unit to find out

Introduction
Policies of economic development have raised, in number of developing countries, issues relating to good governance and its integrity. Due to the stability of the principles of sovereignty of each country and the need for non-interference in its internal affairs, many of the international financing institutions has found a lot of difficulty in reconciling the respect for these principles and the need to draw attention to the importance of following methods of good governance. These institutions found many difficulties in finding an appropriate way to apply the principles. So the choice of the term (good governance) was the right director to overcome those difficulties in the way that these international institutions found an appropriate way to raise governance issues without being accused of interfering in the internal affairs of States. Officials found the term known idiomatically in economic and social and even political literature of (Good governance). It does not refer explicitly to governments as it is used in the English language as an adapted expression, which means in French (the manner of ship management) and this term has helped international institutions to raise issues relating to corruption, democracy and sensitive issues relating to human rights. the World Bank has a definition of the idea of good governance as (the way power proceeds its management of economic and social resources of State in order to achieve economic development). It is clear that this concept includes government agencies and other local institutions, civil society organizations and methods of work and other institutions and this concept raises the importance of the rules of corporate behavior with its implication to incentives or disincentives for behavior, and the concept of good governance includes a reference to the concepts of (transparency) and the rule of law or responsibility and participation and decentralization. It is clear that the concept of good governance in this manner is consistent with other trends in terms of the predominance of the concept and the market economy and the rule of law, democracy and respect for human rights. These ideas represent a sort of integral whole and a new ideology driving the international markets, especially the markets of energy. As Iraq relies almost entirely on exports of crude oil, it is very important to apply the concept of good governance to ensure the transparency of the distribution of national income on of society and proper management of depleting oil wealth.

Abstract
here is no doubt that the secrecy in the work of the executive authority, which
subject of our research, is very important because it has the constitutional and legal capabilities given to it by the legislator in order to achieve the tasks entrusted to it. Therefore, its work must be in broad daylight, flawless and irrefutable. You do not need electronic soldiers to justify their actions. And confidentiality, as we discussed, either confidential objection is a violation of a duty or a legal text and therefore must be held accountable for this power because it exercised a constitutional violation in broad daylight and without deterrent or sergeant or be imposed imposed by mandatory circumstances and duty here is the executive when it comes does not fall In the trap of the taboo, it is not something that is not free, but it came clean. The government's preservation of the secrecy of personal life is certainly welcome. We see that the parliament should exercise tight control over the work of the executive authority, which is surrounded by unjustified secrecy. Ad Or his active role in this regard and the hidden face of the hidden government behind the secret and roll up the elimination of his sleeves and reveal the hidden.

Summary
Praise be to Allah, Lord of the Worlds, and prayers and peace be upon our Prophet Muhammad and his family and companions
But after
It is well known that the issue of creating acts of worship is a thorny issue in which the nation's divisions fought right and wrong, and the importance of the subject. I have decided to look at it. I have outlined an integrated plan of introduction and a preface. I spoke about the origin of the saying to the extent and the different speakers in this thorny issue. From the time of the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them), as well as the times of destiny and their relationship to the acts of worshipers, and showed the difference between the scholars of the people about the creation of acts of worship, some of them said by creating the difference and some of them denied the creation of acts of worship of the difference and evidence, And the centrality of the Sunnis with the words of the sufficient healer of a son We find that the doctrine of Ahl al-Sunnah in al-Qadr mediated between algebraic and fatalism, so that God created the actions of the worshipers while giving them a measure of freedom in their actions and they were willing to choose them and if they were committed against their will, it is not accountable to Allaah. What are the problems that have taken place? On the mattresses of the pot and suspended by the acts of worship and God knows best
And pray to our Lord Muhammad and his family and peace and recognition of many

Summery
Theory of Legitimate Expectation is about the doctrine of Legitimate Expectation in Administrative Law. The doctrine of legitimate expectation operates as a control over the exercise of discretionary powers conferred upon a public authority. The typical reason why discretionary powers are conferred upon a public authority is to ensure that they are exercised having due regard to the particular circumstances of individual cases coming before the decision-maker. In this research I will discuss this doctrine in three parts. The first part will be on the general concept of legitimate expectation: its definition, origin, and kinds. In the second part I will follow the judicial precedent on this doctrine, especially in EU jurisdiction and in English legal system. In the third part I will talk about the conditions which required for the applying the doctrine.

Abstract
The study aims at investigation the errors made by the Iraqi Learners of English at the University level and identifying the difficulties which they face in using stressed syllables at both levels of recognition and production. It is hypothesized that most of Iraqi Learners of English are expected to face difficulty in recognizing and producing stressed syllables within words of more than two syllables. On the basis of these hypotheses, a diagnostic test was designed and applied to a sample of twenty-five students of the fourth year, Department of English, University of Al- Iraqia . The results show that most Iraqi Learners of English face difficulties in recognizing and producing stressed syllables as the highest rate of their responses is incorrect(58.56%).
The results also show that learners face more difficulties at the production level as the rate of their incorrect responses is (58.56%) against (45.22%) for their incorrect responses at the recognition level; The subjects' errors as well as the portable causes were identified and analyzed and accordingly conclusions were drawn.

Abstract
Since the triumph of the Iranian Islamic revolution of February 1979, the new republic has been involving in conflicts with almost all of the neighbor countries in addition to the world’s great powers. Iran accuses its neighbors and their Western allies of attempting to topple the first real Islamic republic. In return, Iran’s neighbors and their Western allies accuse Iran of attempting to export its revolutionary model of Islam to other countries and then to destabilize the region. This research aims at examining the threat Iran imposes to regional and global powers and the threat imposed by regional and global powers to Iran’s national security. A number of hypotheses, about this mutual threat, are formed on the basis of the neorealist theory of International Relations, and tested against many empirical observations. The research also deals with Vienna nuclear deal and the position of the new American administration regarding this deal. Finally, an eventual military confrontation between Iran from one hand and the United States and its allies from other hand is discussed. It is concluded that the Iran’s policy of exporting its model of Islam to countries allied with the Western powers, and the involvement in the regional conflicts in favor of pro-Iranian actors made of Iran a country surrounded by enemies. The Iranian nuclear program is another source of threat in a region characterized by an arms race. In return, the pressure exercised by the United States and its allies on Iran makes it feel threatened, especially by the Israeli huge arsenal of developed weapons and the intensive American military existing in the region.With regard to Vienna nuclear deal, the research concludes that it would not last for a long time because of the significant resistance it meets from Israel, Saudi Arabia and other regional powers in addition to the new American administration. However, a military confrontation is not likely to happen in the short run