journal of the college of basic education

Depression is one of the psychological problems that individuals face to a large extent in different environments, and it is of great importance in the studies that are widely conducted, whether in diagnosing it, preventing its infection, treating it, or building effective tools and measures that detect it. Psychiatry believes that depression is a condition Moods with special symptoms appear in the form of mental disorders that can be diagnosed with depression tests. The World Health Organization expects a steady increase in the rates of depression in future generations. The conditions of the environmental factor directly affect the learner or the individual in a society, and the difficulty of the school curricula also affects the learners and causes some They suffer from depression due to failure to take into account individual differences and the difficulty of the subject that exceeds the learner’s age group in the basic education stage and its various curricula, including mathematics in general and the first three stages of primary education for mathematics in particular. The reason for this may also be due to the teacher’s lack of knowledge and familiarity with everything. What is new in teaching methods and then using them to present mathematical content? On the one hand, the teacher’s inability to present mathematical content in a simple and desirable way to learners in the first three stages of primary education, despite his understanding of his specialty or the subject of mathematics, is considered the first problem that causes depression among learners. Which reflects negatively on the learner and the educational process with the emergence of new problems.
The research aims to find out the causes of psychological depression related to mathematical content among basic education students in Maysan Governorate. The current study adopted the descriptive approach - survey studies, and the current study reached results, conclusions and recommendations.

1- Cognitive curiosity among female students in the kindergarten department
2- Academic flexibility among female students in the kindergarten department
3- The correlation between cognitive curiosity and academic flexibility among female students in the kindergarten department

The researcher adopted the Cognitive Curiosity Scale and the Academic Flexibility Scale, and conducted validity and reliability for them. She applied the two scales to the basic research sample of (400) female students from the kindergarten department. Then, she processed the data using (SPSS) and used statistical methods, which are the one-pair t-test and the Pearson correlation coefficient, and arrived at Search results for:
1- The kindergarten students are have cognitively curious.
2- The kindergarten students have academic flexibility.
3- There is a positive relationship between cognitive curiosity and academic flexibility among female students in the kindergarten department. The current research aims to find out:
The kindergarten The kindergarten The kindergarten

The aim of the current research is to identify the academic resilience of the female students of the kindergarten department and to identify the academic resilience of the female students of the kindergarten department according to the stage. The research sample included (400) female students of the kindergarten department at the College of... Basic Education/Al-Mustansiriya University was selected by random stratified method. For the objectives of the research, the two researchers prepared a measure of academic resilience. The two researchers adopted Richardson’s theory and definition in preparing the academic resilience measure after reviewing the theories and previous studies related to the subject of their research. The measure included (41) items. It is divided into four areas: academic assistance, perseverance, emotional stability, and self-efficacy. The researcher verified the psychometric properties of the research tool, represented by validity and reliability. The validity was verified in two ways: apparent validity and construct validity. Reliability was extracted using a retest method and an equation. Al-Fakronbach). The two researchers reached the following results: The female students of the kindergarten department have academic resilience, as the results came with an arithmetic average higher than the hypothesized average of the scale, and there were statistically significant differences according to the academic stage in favor of the fourth-stage female students.

University students are considered one of the most important groups and have an effective role in developing society if their skills and interests are used in a way that benefits society, as well as providing and implanting the necessary priorities for young people to reduce the reasons or prevent their tendency towards interests that harm and corrupt society, as well as encouraging them and embracing their interests to develop them to build a society.
Classy and conscious.
The current research aims to identify
Identifying social interest among male and female students of the Counseling Department in pictures
General
The significance of the differences in social interest between males and females
To achieve the objectives of the current research, the researcher built a scale (social interest among students of the Department of Psychological Counseling). The scale consists of (26) items based on Adler’s theory. The researcher extracted standard statistics and the correlation coefficient of each item with the total score of the scale, as well as apparent validity, construct and reliability, and that all processes The standard showed that it measures the variable, and the latest results showed that the research sample, students of the guidance department, have a social interest, as well as according to the significance of the differences between males.
For females, the results showed in favor of males.
In light of the results that emerged, the researcher presented a set of conclusions and recommendations
And suggestions for future research

The aim of the current research is to identify the effect of using Merle Tinson on the achievement of students in the fifth grade of primary school in mathematics. The research sample was chosen randomly. The number of the sample was 93 male and female students from the fifth grade of primary school from Al-Zahraa School and Al-Taliyya School. Test utensils were prepared for an achievement test and when calculating The reliability coefficient was found to have a value of ( ) and after completing the data and according to the results, it showed that there is a statistically significant difference between the averages of the experimental group and the control group in the achievement test and in favor of the experimental group. In light of this, the research was conducted with a number of recommendations and proposals.

The current research aims to identify (the difficulties of using blended education from the point of view of a teaching teacher in the first grades and kindergarten departments in the College of Basic Education). The limits of the research were represented by it. The researcher used the descriptive approach to achieve the objectives of the research, which is one of the scientific research methods in which the researcher resorted to a number of The procedures included identifying the original population of the study, which consisted of (45) university teachers in the departments of first-grade teachers and childcare in the College of Basic Education at Al-Mustansiriya University. The researcher used the questionnaire as a tool to achieve the objectives of the research. The researcher adopted the open-ended questionnaire and presented it to an exploratory sample of teachers whose number was (20). After sorting the answers and excluding the similar ones, and after reviewing the literature, the researcher came up with the formulation of the questionnaire, which included (25) items. The researcher presented it to a number of experts to calculate its validity and reliability, then applied it to the basic sample of (45) male and female teachers. The results were treated statistically using the mean equation. Weighted and percentage weight. The study showed a set of conclusions, including (the prescribed curriculum is crowded with academic vocabulary), and a set of recommendations, including (distributing students to classrooms in numbers commensurate with the use of blended learning in teaching), and a set of proposals, including (conducting a study on the impact of using blended learning on student achievement. ).

The current research seeks to identify the effect of the Barman model on the acquisition of concepts and attitudes toward the subject of aesthetics among students of the Department of Art Education. In order to achieve the objectives of the current research, the researcher followed the steps of the semi-experimental approach through two experimental and control groups amounting to (86) divided equally into both groups. The third grade in the Art Education Department and sections (A) and (B) were chosen to be the research sample. The researcher built a test to measure concepts in the subject of aesthetics, as well as a measure of attitude towards the subject, and verified the psychometric properties. After applying the experiment, the study reached the following results:
1. The Barman model has an impact on the experimental group students’ acquisition of concepts in the subject of aesthetics
2. The Barman model achieves positive attitudes towards the subject of aesthetics for students in the experimental group compared to the control group.

The current research aims to identify the reasons for the low achievement in mathematics among primary school students from the point of view of male and female teachers. A questionnaire was prepared to measure the low level and achievement of students in mathematics. The procedures and study were applied to a sample of 200 individuals. Male and female teachers represent 80% of the original population for this study, and they are identified by mathematics teachers at the primary level affiliated with the General Directorate of Karkh Education/Third. After analyzing the data and processing it statistically, the results of the study were surveyed and the results were as follows:
1. Lack of parental attention leads to...low student achievement at the primary level
2. The lack of modern equipment and methods leads to a decline in student achievement.
3. Behavioral problems affect students’ achievement performance in mathematics.

The current research aims to identify the moral intelligence of first-grade primary school students enrolled and not enrolled in kindergartens. The research sample amounted to (60) male and female students enrolled and not enrolled in kindergartens affiliated with the General Directorate of Education of Baghdad, Al-Karkh, third for the academic year (2023/2024). To achieve the goal, the research used a scale. (Waryoush 2015), which consists of seven areas and 31 items. To achieve the results, statistical methods (s.p.s.s) were used. The results of the research were for the benefit of first-year primary school students enrolled in kindergarten

The current research aims to identify the moral intelligence of first-grade primary school students enrolled and not enrolled in kindergartens. The research sample amounted to (60) male and female students enrolled and not enrolled in kindergartens affiliated with the General Directorate of Education of Baghdad, Al-Karkh, third for the academic year (2023/2024). To achieve the goal, the research used a scale. (Waryoush 2015), which consists of seven areas and 31 items. To achieve the results, statistical methods (s.p.s.s) were used. The results of the research were for the benefit of first-year primary school students enrolled in kindergarten

The research aims to analyze the content of the biology textbook for the fifth scientific grade in light of visual thinking skills. This involves creating a list of visual thinking skills that should be included in the content of the biology textbook for the fifth scientific grade and assessing the extent to which these skills are present in the textbook. To achieve the research objectives, a descriptive method was employed using content analysis. The research population and sample consisted of the biology textbook prescribed for fifth scientific grade students in Iraq for the academic year 2023/2024, which comprises seven chapters containing 156 figures. The study tool was a content analysis card developed based on visual thinking skills. The key findings of the study showed the availability of visual thinking skills to varying degrees and at a low availability rate across all chapters. Based on these findings, the researcher made several recommendations, the most important of which is the need to enhance the skills of making connections, interpreting information, analyzing it, and deriving meanings more effectively in the visual elements of the biology textbook for the fifth scientific grade.

Since ancient times, the educational system has not been devoid of educational problems facing teachers in the educational institution, with various problems in all parts of the world, not only in society or the Iraqi educational environment, but rather educational problems exist in other societies, with some disparity in the diversity of these obstacles or educational problems, including: The educational system in the educational system always aspires to achieve educational goals that advance the educational system for the better, as it is necessary to propose ideas that help reduce these various problems facing teachers in the educational process and achieve quality standards in education, and with the rapid increase in the development process taking place In educational institutions, it is necessary to find and develop solutions to various educational problems, which involves the school administration and the educational supervisor or the supervisory body assigned by the Education Directorate to develop solutions and remedial methods that are developed by him or suggested by the teacher and the educational supervisor crystallizes them into its final form in cooperation with the school administration in order to improve the process. Educational education towards the best and then advancing society and finding solutions in accordance with the legal and administrative context, thus achieving the solution of these obstacles and thus achieving the quality of education. The current research aims to identify the role of school administration and educational supervision in diagnosing the obstacles and solutions to them facing teachers. The researchers also adopted a survey study of the curriculum. Descriptive. The study also reached results, conclusions and recommendations as shown in the fourth chapter .

The current research seeks to know the extent to which the skills of academic excellence are included in the book of the Arabic language for the fifth literary grade. To the research results using the statistical package (spss_21). The results of the research indicated the inclusion of academic excellence skills in the Arabic language textbook for the fifth literary grade in varying and unbalanced proportions. The researcher recommended the necessity of reconsidering the construction of the content of the Arabic language subject for the fifth literary class and the need to include the skills of academic excellence in balanced proportions. The researcher recommended conducting a study similar to the current study in analyzing the content of the Arabic language textbook for the fourth literary class.

current research aims to identify” the impact of the information gap strategy to develop classroom interaction skills for students of the Department of Art Education in the course of general teaching methods”.The first chapter shows the problem of the study and its significance, and defines the basic terms. The second chapter includes the theoretical framework and it discusses the information gap strategy and patterns of classroom interaction and its importance in teaching , also it sheds the light on the previous researches that are related to the present study. The third chapter states procedures of the study: deciding the appropriate experimental design for the research, selecting the (population and sample) and controlling variables, and constructing instrument of the study , leading to the application of the experiment and showing statistical tools used
In the fourth chapter, the researcher found out that the experimental group (which was taught using the information gap strategy and classroom interaction) outperformed the control group.
Finally the researcher has drawn some conclusion, recommendations, and suggestions for further studies

An important educational institution, such as a kindergarten, needs an appropriate educational environment that attracts the attention of educators and officials because it is like the fertile land in which the flowers of the future grow, and it must have competent educational cadres to work in this important educational institution, which in turn affects the child’s abilities, talents, growth, psychological, physical, and mental health, and so on. .

The current research aims to identify the obstacles to the use of e-learning at Al-Mustansiriya University from the point of view of the faculty members. The current research is limited to the faculty members at Al-Mustansiriya University, where a random sample of (100) male and female teachers from Al-Mustansiriya University was selected. To achieve the research objectives, the researcher By preparing a scale to measure the obstacles to the use of e-learning at Al-Mustansiriya University from the point of view of faculty members, the researcher arrived at a set of results, and according to these results, the researcher came out with conclusions, recommendations, and proposals.