Al-Bahith Journal

The research is interested in studying one of the types of the Achaemenid and Parthian army, which is the category of war elephants, focusing on the study of the first confrontation of the armies against elephants, as well as its use in some battles, and their role in some wars of the two states, in addition to mentioning the reasons for their lack of use in some periods of the rule of the two states, as they are considered The Achaemenid state was the basis for the use of war elephants in ancient Iran, to be used later in a large way in the Sassanid state.
The research is divided into an introduction, a conclusion, and two sections. The first is the elephant weapon in the Achaemenid army, and is divided into several points, the first of which is the first collision of the Achaemenids with elephants, and the second is the role of elephants in the Achaemenid battles, while the second topic was entitled the elephant weapon in the Parthian army.

The idea of pregnancy is one of the means that interprets everything that violates the rules or justifies the departure of a formula or linguistic pattern from the rule or the original; This is for the safety of installation and intonation of meaning.
As the Arabic scholars took great care of the meaning, it was reported on the authority of Abd al-Qadir al-Baghdadi that he said: The Khalil is the one who takes the correctness of the meaning, and does not care about the imbalance of the words. load on him; For this reason, it became(The load on the meaning) The image is the most extensive, and the most prominent used in their explanations than the other images.
Al-Mutanabbi is considered one of the giants of Arabic poetry, and one of the poets of meanings, who paid more attention to the meaning. Al-Sun al-Balaghayin, he has been in the House of Dignity and Honor sincethousand years

The chief Sheikh Ibn Sina is considered one of the most famous Arab Muslim philosophers. He was born of Ismaili parents in the city of Balkh. His father worked in the Ismaili mission and moved to Bukhara, where he grew up and studied in Bukhara. Then he moved from one country to another for the sake of knowledge and knowledge. Ibn Sina was known and his name became known. After he presented the treatment to the Samanid Prince Noah II (366-387 AH/976-997AD), historians differed about the creedal direction of Ibn Sina. In the midst of the call did not work as a preacher to the Ismaili Imam.

The historical events were and still are the basis through which historians start in their works and writings, and was standing behind their elaboration and neglect of the event several influences stand behind the era in which it was written and the tendencies of the historian and his political and intellectual trends, that the revolution Imam Hussein, peace be upon him, is the most prominent revolutions in Islamic history, as its impact extends to the present time and the pens are still presented by various studies, so the subject of the study The impact of time in the narratives of burying the martyrs of the tuff incident is worth studying There is a difference in narratives and historical sources in determining the day on which the bodies of the martyrs of the tuff incident were buried, some of them mention that the bodies were buried on the eleventh day of Muharram, one day after the battle, and the other team believes that they were buried on the thirteenth day of Muharram, as the body of Imam Hussein, peace be upon him, and his family and companions remained on the Ramda of Karbala without burial, and some narrations confirm that Imam Al-Sajjad, peace be upon him, accepted to bury his father On the thirteenth day of Muharram, because the infallible does not follow his command except an infallible like him.

This research aims to identify the impact of some economic, social and cultural characteristics of the population (obtained through field research) on the population growth rates witnessed by the city in the past ,it was analyzed and discussed (8 characteristics) of Among the axes addressed by the questionnaire form were (the place of original residence, the age of the head of the family, the age of the wife at the date of marriage, the educational level of the sample members, the occupational composition of the heads of the families, the level of income, the return of housing and the number of members of the housing unit), and the research relied on the descriptive and analytical approaches. Which are based on the study of the population growth of the city and the economic, social and educational status of the city’s population as variables affecting this growth, and the research reached a number of results, the most important of which are: The highest percentage of the sample members were immigrants who lived in the Haidariya sector, with a percentage of (23%) of the study area, With a rate of (37.5%) from the sector, and that the most frequent age group in the age of the head of the household was (25-49 years), which amounted to (386 answers), in addition to other results that are shown in the list of conclusions, knowing that the researcher The questionnaire was presented with a number of (1520 questionnaires) distributed to (50) residential neighborhoods, which are the neighborhoods registered in the city of Karbala within the census year (2009), and the spss program (PASW Statistics 18) was adopted for analysis and extraction of frequency tables and approved categories.

The capabilities of narration have crystallized withinside the dramatic structure, and the behavior of the humans of affection among the regular and the variable were discovered from the linguistic, literary and philosophical aspects. Packages primarily based totally on displaying the ones constants and those narrative descriptions are associated with the concept of responsibility and vital if we have a take a observe the primary capabilities that many philosophers characteristic to the concept of responsibility and it's far vital that we find “Kant” constructed that principle primarily based totally on characteristics, displaying the fact of responsibility, which are:

The agricultural policy factor in the study area is considered one of the most important human factors that control production and its quality. Government support for farmers also works to raise the level of agricultural production. It has become clear to us the importance of the role played by the state in providing agricultural supplies such as seeds, fertilizers, pesticides and agricultural mechanization to encourage farmers to practice the agricultural craft in addition to raising the economic income. Our study came to know the role of this factor in the agricultural sector and its impact on production and the factors affecting its decline such as agricultural pests. The results showed that the state did not have a prominent role in this, in addition to the influential role of the fragmentation of agricultural ownership, which is considered one of the most deadly human factors in agricultural land, and is the result of two factors. The first factor comes from the system of inheritance and the division of land for distribution to family members. As for the second factor, represented by the irrigation methods in the district, it suffers from some problems, represented by the lack of adequate maintenance of these networks, and the illegal encroachment of many farmers on parts of them, which led to a lack of water reaching the end parts of the water network. This may be one of the factors that helped the farmer to leave agriculture and resort to other ways of earning a living. The results also showed that there is a use of modern irrigation methods such as drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation on a limited scale of the district. As for the transportation methods, a good network of paved roads spreads in the study area, which contributed to linking the parts of the study area with each other, with the center of the district and the governorate, and facilitated the process of agricultural marketing, despite its lack inside and outside the region.

This study is based on a statement on the centrality of the evidence and its impact on directing the meaning to conduct it ,it took a text from Nahj Al_Balaghah ,that sermon that Imam Ali (peace be upon him) gave when Muawiyah and his army prevented water from the army of Imam Ali (peace be upon him), and it is one of the sermons that it urges fighting, but the funny thing about it is that it does not find an explicit claim for that ,and the research has monitored the manifestations of the actual and nominal structures, indicating the accuracy of their selection and alignment in a tight linguistic context that supports the previous one and the subsequent one. without coercion or coercion ,the research presented its material in two sections, the first one :It discussed the concept of the structure, the formula, and a brief definition of the sermon, and the Second :It included the work of the research in explaining the centrality of those structures and their impact in directing the intended meaning.

The present research is about the depiction of the Popular Mobilization Forces in the selected online British news reports, namely: BBC and Guardian, from a critical discourse analysis perspective. The collected data is analysed by using an eclectic model whose categories are incepted at two levels of analysis; micro and macro. It includes van Leeuwen's sociological categories of actor representation (2008), Halliday's transitivity (1985) at the micro level, and van Dijk's model of ideology and discursive strategies (2000) at the macro level. After analysing the collected data qualitatively and quantitatively, the study demonstrates how all macro and micro strategies adopted in the eclectic model are used by the selected sample with clear ideological impulses. Moreover, the most and the least implemented strategies in the sample to depict the PMF are displayed. In addition, the ideological meanings conveyed by the selected news agencies to communicate PMF to the readers are identified

In three randomly chosen American police interviews, position is examined as a significant social variable in the current study. Position has been studied as one of the primary discourse categories in political speeches. However, there hasn't been much investigation on the positions taken in American political speeches, especially from a sociopragmatic standpoint. By identifying position tactics and their manifestations in the under-review data, the current study aims to close this gap. The study aims Finding out the way speech act is utilized to reflect position differences in the political speech of the two American politicians, figuring out how politeness strategies assist these two American politicians in reflecting position differences in their political speeches, and identifying how position differences can be manifested through the use of the Grice’s maxims in the political speech of the two American politicians. To achieve the aims and verify these hypotheses, the study develops a model consisting of three layers for the analysis. The first layer is composed of speech acts types according to the classification of Searle (1976). The second layer is based on Livenson’s politeness strategies (1978) and the third layer based on the Grice’s maxims (1975). A qualitative approach is used in data analysis that supported with tables of frequencies and percentages. Based on the findings, the study concludes that Regarding the utilization of speech act by both of the politicians the study concludes that, Biden uses the representative speech act the most, Positive politeness ids the most politeness strategy utilized by Biden and Relation maxim, which calls for speakers to make their points relevant, is the one that Biden uses the most.

This study investigated the significance of teaching pragmatic competence in EFL Iraqi context to contribute to the literature review of this area. The study measured EFL Iraqi student’s level of pragmatic competence by exploring one central aspects of receptive pragmatic competence, namely, Pragmatic Comprehension. Then, to achieve its aims. the study utilised a quantitative approach, where two hundred- forty EFL Iraqi students, from Kerbala, Babylon, and Al-Qadysiah universities, participated . Then, using SPSS, the quantitative data is examined. Its results showed that there is an apparent lack of pragmatic competence among EFL student.The study, finally, sets a section on recommendations, providing pedagogical ones for the Iraqi educational systems. For instance, one recommendation is to prioritise teaching pragmatics by investigating how much pragmatic information is covered in their courses and whether pragmatic competenceis addressed in the Iraqi curriculum

The current study aims at ' Performance Assessment of History Department Teachers in Colleges of Educations for Human Sciences in the light Universal Patriotism from the Students' Perspective' and knowing the differences among responses the research sample individual in the light of universal patriotism according to the variable of type and class. In order to achieve the aims of the study, the researcher followed the descriptive approach in her research to assess performance of History Department teachers in Colleges of Educations for Human Sciences in the light universal patriotism from the students' perspective'.
The researcher used the questionnaire as a device to collect data and information about the research available which is formed in its final form and after the insurance of all the psychometric fields. The research community are represented by all students of History Department ( morning study) in Colleges of Educations for Human Sciences/ Kerbala university, who were about 481 male and female students. The research sample were 214 were chosen by the classified random way. To carry out final results, the data were statistically analyzed depending on statistical package for the social sciences ( spss), where the following results were shown:
1.Level of Universal Patriotism in performance of History Department teachers in Colleges of Educations for Human Sciences/ Kerbala university was low degree from their students' perspective'.
2.There were no differences of a statistical indication at the level of ( 0.05) concerning responses the research sample individual in the light of universal patriotism performance of History Department teachers are due to the type variable ( male, female) and the academic class ( first, second, third, fourth).
In the light of the results that the researcher concluded, the researcher presented a group of conclusions, recommendations, and suggestions that were mentioned in the fifth chapters.

We concluded from the research that AL Sayyid. Muhammad Taqi al Hakim(sanctify his secret) , had a scientific upbringing in the midst of a family An ancient Hashemite, known for virtue, righteousness, and piety. So it included in its seminary sciences, taking from its masters professors such as AL Sayyid Muhsin al-Hakim,Until he attained the degree of ijtihad, and became one of the eminent scholars who had been close to science and scholars for decades For a long time, he studied at the College of Fundamentals of Religion in Baghdad, the College of Jurisprudence, and the Scientific Hawza in AL NajafAL Ashraf .He wrote on the general principles of comparative jurisprudence, perhaps he was the first to write in this field This comprehensiveness, amplitude andobjectivity.
He has very important projects, including his founding with a group of prominent figures (Prose Forum Association) in Najaf Al-Ashraf, as well as establishing with a group of thinkers (the Cultural Complex of the Prose Forum), and the College of Jurisprudence.
He was a member of the Arabic Language and Scientific Research Pools in Iraq, Egypt, Syria, Jordan and the League of Arab States. He conducted a series of intellectual dialogues, and his method of dialogue was characterized by a calm, sequential presentation in which the introduction to its results, accompanied by deep logicality and openness in accepting the other opinion, He wrote many books in various fields in jurisprudence, philosophy, history, sociology, economics, politics, interpretation and others. Therefore, one of the venerable scholars who served the great religion with sincerity and sincerity was persecuted by the security services of the damned Saddam regime in terms of arrest, torture and defamation of family and relatives, which made it leave a clear impact on his health and its deterioration until his death on 29/4/2002, and his burial is in the Indian Mosque. Najaf Al-Ashraf .

The research examined the most important services offered by the people of Mecca to the pilgrimage season, which is one of the most important Seasons to meet people from various tribes and the impact of those services on the prosperity of the commercial and religious aspect of the people of Mecca From encouraging the people of Mecca to trade with other tribes and encouraging them to come, due to religious or commercial motive . So, those two sides were important to distinguish the role of Mecca to be the center over the hijaz .

This research aims to find out the letters of meanings in the Sadiq newspaper ,Because of its importance and impact in semantic , study comes , to shed light on those letters, and show their impact in the direction of the meaning of the truthful texts through the interpretation of Qur, anic verses close to the truthful texts, or by explaining the supplications of al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya, and it may depend on the taste of the reader and the context that gives each letter a new meaning other than the usual original meaning, and this is appoint of contention between the visual grammarians and the kufic grammarians in the number of meanings which each letter acquires in addition to the original meaning that the visals adopted mostly , and one letter may come out to more than one meaning , and contemplation of the texts of the Sadiqah newspaper reveals its features from the accuracy of choosing the letters and their proportionality with the words in highlighting the desired meaning in the most beautiful and accurat picture.

The current research aims to determine the necessary training needs for secondary school history teachers in the light of the twenty-first century skills. Baghdad, distributed over (77) schools, including (51) secondary schools in the first Rusafa, and (26) secondary schools in the second Rusafa for the academic year.
(2021-2022), which constituted the study community for the researcher, and they were chosen randomly. The researcher used the descriptive approach, and the researcher adopted the Abdul scale (2021) for skills consisting of (44) items distributed over three areas, with (15) items for the field of learning and creativity skills. And (15) paragraphs for the field of life and occupation skills, and (14) paragraphs for the field of skills, technical information and media. The researcher used a number of statistical methods appropriate to the subject of the study, which is the use of Pearson correlation coefficient to find the relationship between the first and second application of the questionnaire to calculate the stability coefficient for each of them, as well as The percentage to find the percentage of the sample for the total research community and convert the frequencies for each paragraphs of the questionnaire into percentages to find out their value and determine the apparent validity of the tool. The weighted mean equation was used to arrange the paragraphs and know the strengths and weaknesses in them and the percentage weight equation to show the relative value of each paragraph and the arrangement of the paragraphs in general and the interpretation of the results. Using the statistical package (SPSS) for statistical operations.
In light of the research results, the researcher concluded the following:
Most of the history teachers in the secondary schools in the province of Baghdad / Al-Rusafa, the first and the second, do not use modern educational techniques in presenting their lessons.
- The weakness of the effectiveness of the developmental and qualifying courses for history teachers to develop their various skills in education and to keep pace with technological innovations.
- The presence of a small number of teachers who are keen to encourage students to research and investigate and read external sources related to the subject.
- The impact of the Corona pandemic on educational institutions, which negatively affected teachers and students alike.
Schools\' overcrowding with students and double shifts greatly affected the development of teaching methods for history teachers

The research aims to study the art of rotation in the poetry of Al-Ahwas Al-Ansari as a technical technique used by poets in building their poetic texts, as rotation achieves a musical and semantic sequence within the poetic text, and gives the poet the ability to express smoothly and quickly, without stopping at the end of the section that ends with making the words. The poet intended to influence the recipient and draw his attention after the poet breaks the restrictions imposed on him at the end of each line, so it can be said that it is a rhythmic and transverse shift in the traditional two-part poetic system, so the research focused in its study on demonstrating the effectiveness of rotation in creating a situation of coherence within the poetic text and the identification of the connotations achieved by this technique in the poet and the receivet

Endowments are important institutions, and there is no doubt that society needs endowments for the continuation of charitable work, especially since most academic studies focus their studies on the political and economic aspects, and accordingly this study came to shed light on endowments of all kinds and the most important instructions for work in the two holy shrines (Hussainiya and Abbasid), as well as About the most important constructions that took place during the royal era and the extent of the development that took place and the obstacles that faced this institution.

It is clear through the research that the relationship between standard production and the development of the Meccan economy is a close relationship, and that the standard production that dominated the economy in Makkah before Islam is completely different from what it was when the advent of Islam, which managed to change the balance of the economy and overcome its rules and even change them radically and control the pre-Islamic habits Which was hitting the economy to destroy the weak classes of Meccan societyProduction requires the availability of important economic factors, from raw materials to manpower, which the economy lacked before Islam, by virtue of the fact that Mecca is a non-agricultural country, and trade was primarily the dominant one, and then usury followed. Looking at the groups that will be affected by the effect of this unfair economic control against the poor classes of society and the mistreatment of slaves and the lack of their rights, which did not last long, Islam has rebuilt the individual according to the divine law that imposes the development of social and economic moral standards that restore balance.

The current study aims at knowing " The Digital Empowerment of History Department Teachers and its Relation from the Students' Perspective" as well knowing differences in the research samples' responses on the digital Empowerment level to History Department teachers and its relation according to the two variables
(Gender and academic class).
Thus, in order to carry out the aims of the study, the researcher followed the descriptive approach in his study. The questionnaire was used as a device1 to collect data and information about the research variables that their psychometric properties were verified. Therefore, questionnaire of the digital Empowerment is composed of 46 items distributed on three fields.
The research community is represented by all students of History Department / Kerbala University/ morning study who were about 214 male and female students who were chosen by the random classified way. To squeeze out the research final results, the data were statistically analyzed relying on statistical package for the social sciences ( spss). The results were as the following:
The practicing level of the digital Empowerment to teachers of History Department / Kerbala University according to the research samples' responses was a middle degree. The study also concluded that there are no differences of a statistical indication in the response of the research samples' responses to items of the digital Empowerment that relate to the type and class variable, according the research samples' responses was a big degree the researcher presented a group of conclusions, recommendations, and suggestions.

alraawy:hu aladhi yatawalaa eamalayh alhaki aw alqasa fahu yaerif alhikayih wayanquluha alaa almarwiu lah wabidunih lan takun hunak eamalayh qas.walraawi hu ghayr alriwayiyi qad yakun suaruh eanh aw dhata thaniah lah lakinah lays hu ,falraawy kayin takhayuliun yushakil juz' min banih alnas , aw hu adah sardiah tuadiy wazifah dalah muhadaduh , ama alriwayiyu fahu alkayin alhaqiqiu almukawan min dam walaham.
wayuqsim alraawi bihasab maerifatih bialmarwii alaa:
1-alraawy alealim :whu alraawy aladhi yaelam kula shayin mutaealiq bialmarwii ,alhikayh matelam mataa bidat alhikayh wamataa aintahat wakayf sarat aihdathiha.
2-alraawy almusharik :hu aladhi yaqum dawrin , dawr alshakhs almusharikah fi aleamal alraawiiyi , wadawr alraawy nafsih kama an hadha alnawe min alainmat akthur aitibaean fi halih adab alaietiraf .
3-alraawi aldhaatiu : yakun fih alraawi aw alsaarid ahid shakhsiaat alruwayih .

The public place is characterized by its aesthetic elements and manifestations and contains imaginary energies, so we notice the places in the poetic texts by the poet’s dependence on composition and creation, not out of hidden relationships. Between him and those phenomena, the life of the individual is formed from events whose dimensions are determined by spatial manifestations charged with emotions and feelings, and controlled by a set of relationships that connect him to his place as well as his belonging to it. It is available to the creative poet. The public place is a materially open place that accommodates natural areas such as rivers and seas. The poet gives flexibility to describe his aesthetics freely. The description of the place does not depend on showing these aesthetics, but rather reaches to determine its dimensions and relationships with individuals, and its impact on the environment and its impact on social phenomena. It contains activities and events.

This research aims at elucidating the structure of the trilateral root verbs plus two letters in the poetry of Adonis, a modernist poet. The study covers his poetry collection Songs of Mehyar Al Demeshqi for its significance as a prominent and influential corpus in Arabic poetry. The structures are numerated in tables, where the researcher explains each structure in the light of the ancient and modern linguistic studies

This research aims to identify the impact of some economic, social and cultural factors of the population (obtained through the field study of the questionnaire in the city of Karbala) on the population growth rates that the city witnessed in the past years and during the research period (2009-2021), and the research relied on the two approaches The descriptive and analytical, which are based on the study of the population growth of the city and the economic, social and educational status of the city’s population as influential variables in this growth, and the research reached a number of results, the most important of which are: The population growth rate in the city of Karbala during the period (2009-2021) was significant due to natural increase and high Migration rates to the city, from its countryside and other Iraqi governorates, especially the southern ones, which caused an increase in the size of the family, varying between one residential neighborhood and another and at the level of its three sectors (Al-Haidariya, Al-Jazeera, the Old City), which put a great pressure on the family’s income and its insufficiency in To meet the requirements of its members in the field of health, education and housing, and in order to clarify the relationship between growth rates in the study area and the factors affecting it, the researcher put forward a questionnaire A statement of (1520) questionnaires distributed over (50) residential neighborhoods, which are the neighborhoods registered in the city of Karbala within the census of (2009), and the spss program (PASW Statistics 18) was adopted for analysis with the statistical technique that the researcher believed to be optimal in agreement with the nature of The data is the Pearson correlation coefficient, which shows the relationship between the dependent variable and the independent variable

Praise be to God, Lord of the worlds, and the purest prayer and the most complete peace, upon the source of wisdom, the mirror of greatness, and the Savior of this nation, Muhammad who was sent as mercy, and upon his pure.
In this research, the researcher tried to reveal the semantic elements of the semantic pearls of the subject from the abstract verb, taking the Diwan of Mr. Al-Araji as the field of application for it, looking at the context of the arrival of this construction, relying on verbal clues that appear in the same context.
It should be noted that this research is nothing but an experiment in knocking on the doors of the Arabic language, which God has endowed with His Qur’an, hoping that it will be a small crime in the sky of its sciences, and he has tried to select words without counting them. This is the characteristic of humans.

ability of the history department teachers to prepare interactive digital content from the point of view of their students
The current study research aims at measuring the level of ability of Ability of History Department Teachers to Prepare the Interactive Digital content and its from the Students' perspective in college of Education for human sciences / Kerbala university from the Students' perspective. The researcher followed the descriptive approach. The research community was represented by all students of history department of the daily study about 481 male and female students. The research sample was about 214 male and female students who were chosen by the random classified way. The researcher used the questionnaire to collect data and information، for the Interactive Digital content device was composed of 38 items distributed on three fields، The data was statistically analyzed to carry out the final results depending on statistical package for the social sciences ( spss).
The researcher concluded that the ability level to prepare the Interactive Digital content device to the history department teachers/ Kerbala university; in accord with responses of the research sample individuals، it was low degree. The study also concluded that there are no differences of statistical sense to the research sample individuals concerning answering the questionnaire ability items to prepare the Interactive Digital content device is due to the gender variable ( male – female). Concerning the class variable، the results showed presence of differences of statistical sense to the benefit of the first year on other years

The current study is a critical stylistic analysis (CSA) of toxic femininity in Men Explain Things to Me by Rebecca Solnit. This research aims to investigate the linguistic strategies and tools by which feminist texts interpolate the ideologies of toxic femininity.
The study endeavors to answer the following question: What are the linguistic strategies contemporary feminists’ writers use to validate toxic femininity as woman-empowering in their books?
The researcher uses one book written by a feminist activist as an example of female writers. Lesly Jeffries' (2010) Textual-Conceptual model for Critical Stylistics is used for analysis. Additionally, a qualitative approach is used in data analysis followed by a statistical examination to explain the relevance of the data acquired. The quantitative statistical analysis is meant to supplement the outcomes of the qualitative investigation.
Based on the findings, the study concludes that specific linguistic strategies are used by the writers to deceive women with an empowering reality for toxic feminism. The number of linguistic realizations has led the researcher to identify some negative and toxic ideologies that this feminist writer imbed in her book.

The setting is considered the backbone of a novel that connects its parts. Therefore, we cannot imagine a novel without a setting as it is the melting pot of events. In the setting, characters are created and developed towards the rising of actions in the novel. The setting is not an extra element in the novel; Instead, it takes many forms and meanings, and sometimes it may even be the moral of the whole novel that may make us feel happy, sad or both. The setting also can be contrasted, and perhaps it stems from the contrast we have inside us. For instance, when it is the cause of our overwhelming happiness, we may find it the cause of our deep distress at another time. Despite this contrast, the setting is not only related to our existence, but we may also live in a place we have never been before. However, we feel that it belongs to us and affects us through our imagination, or we imagine it through other people\'s perspectives. Therefore, the local novels in Karbala are characterized by their great emphasis on the setting (the city of Karbala). It has long been represented by the two holy shrines and the neighborhood buildings, streets, alleys, markets and cafes that reflect the heritage, folklore, customs, traditions and religious rituals of this ancient city.

This phenomenon was meant to monitor the disagreement in the estimation of the omitted in verbs according to Ibn Ashour in his famous book Al-Tahrir and AlTanweer, since what is meant by the verb is a word that was taken from the event of the noun and it is attributed to it, denoting by itself a meaning associated with one of the three tenses: the past, the present and the imperative.
What is well-known about the verb is that it is a cornerstone of the sentence, and its deletion creates a deficiency that must be remedied and compensated for this deficiency, so the grammarians proceeded to estimate it each according to his understanding of the text. This disagreement is the difference of scholars in understanding the Qur'anic texts and the purpose behind it on this one side, and their collision with the texts that were received in violation of the rule that they intended to put in the factor and its enemy is the basis in the contract, which led to the emergence of a dispute between them in the interpretation and assessment of the omitted according to their vision and in accordance with their principles and judgments

The current study aims The extent to which students of the history department possess technological awareness from their Perspective '. the researcher adopted the descriptive approach. The research community composed of all students of history departments I colleges of Education/ morning study in Babylon, Al Qadisiyah, and Kerbala universities who were 1215 male and female students. the research sample was 241 male and female students who were intentionally chosen from history department/ college of education/ Kerbala university.
To collect the information and data, the researcher used the questionnaire, for the technological awareness device was formed of 32 items distributed on three fields. The data were statistically analyzed by statistical package for the social sciences (spss).

The current research aims to know (the effect of the inverted classroom strategy on the achievement of first-grade intermediate students in social studies). To achieve this goal, the researcher formulated the null hypothesis as follows:
There are no statistically significant differences at the significance level (0.05) between the average scores of the experimental group students who studied social studies using the flipped classroom strategy and the average scores of the control group students who studied the same subject in the usual way. in the achievement test. The researcher adopted the experimental approach with the achievement control test, and the research community was identified by first-grade students in the middle day schools of the Karbala Governorate's Holy Directorate / Governorate Center. Division (B) is an experimental group and Division (A) is a control group, and the number of students in each department ranges between (36) and (37) female students, with (6) female students from Division (A) and (7) were excluded from the class. (B) After making the equivalence between the two sections in terms of the chronological age calculated in months, the academic achievement of the parents, the degree of the intelligence test, and the students' scores for the social subject to be tested. prior knowledge). Social studies scheduled by the Ministry of Education to be taught for the academic year (2021-2022 AD) in light of the official system (courses)
Through conducting the experiment, the researcher concluded:
1.Appropriate the flipped classroom strategy for teaching social studies for first-grade intermediate students.
2.This strategy had an effective impact on female students' achievement in social studies.
The researcher recommended:
1.Adopting this strategy and introducing modern strategies in teaching and moving away from the usual methods of teaching.
2.Working on holding intensive courses to work on developing both the student and the teacher in how to learn and teach and how to use technology to develop the educational process.
The researcher suggested:
Conducting a study similar to the current study in other stages.
The necessity of employing technology in the development of the educational process.

This research is about revealing the paradox of intertextuality in the poetry of Nazik Al-Malaika, as the paradox of intertextuality is one of the popular terms that help to understand the texts as in a large part of them accumulations of previous texts, and it is one of the most prominent modern critical terms that drew the attention of researchers and critics, and indicates The paradox of intertextuality refers to the fact that the text is nothing but the outcome of the interaction of previous texts, they negotiated and overlapped and then interacted in a new textual structure, so that the researcher’s task is to unravel the threads of the new structure, and try to return it to its origins and to stand on the new way in which the text was built and the fusion process. The paradox of intertextuality in the poetry of Nazik al-Malaikah occupied a wide space among other poetic techniques.

A study of the two terms (slanted and reprehensible) in the book Ahwal al-Rijal by Abu Ishaq al-Jawzjani (d. 259 AH / 873 AD)
a. Dr. Hashem Nasser Hussein Al-Kaabi
Researcher: Fadhel Shakhit Dawej Al-Hassani
Summary :
The research dealt with the study of the two terms (slanted and reprehensible) in the book “Ahwal al-Rijal” by Abu Ishaq al-Jawzjani (d. 259 AH / 873 CE), which he used in criticizing some narrators. And he mentioned examples of the narrators mentioned by Al-Jawzjani, and the third topic is a reprehensible word, its meaning in language and terminology. Evidence of what al-Jawzjani said in the criticism of the narrators

It is known axiomatically that pests and diseases have a significant impact on the productivity and quality of crops in general, and thus the reflection of this impact on the private economic aspect related to the individual or group and in general related to society and the state. This study came to diagnose the injuries that occurred in the recent period in the orchards of Al-Husseiniyah district, which is one of the districts of Karbala Governorate. This district is characterized by the abundance of citrus orchards and the quality of their quality on the local scale. This quality has begun to decline due to the injuries recorded recently. Among these pests is the aphid, which is the most dangerous to fruit trees. In causing damage to the plant, whether directly or indirectly, it can suck the sap from the plant tissues, in addition to attacking the roots or transmitting some fungal, viral and bacterial diseases. Many diseases that ravaged orchards were also recorded in the field, namely whiteflies, mealybugs, citrus spiders and mites, aphids, and citrus leaf miners). In addition to the availability of appropriate environmental conditions, diseases arising from the cultivation of citrus orchards under palm trees. Which mitigate the effect of high temperature in the summer and frost in the winter on these pests. In addition to the high level of ground water and its effect on increasing the ground moisture suitable for the spread of these pests, and the high density of citrus trees is also a reason for the high incidence of modern pests due to the lack of sufficient amounts of sunlight to those trees, so they become weak and easy to contract diseases

The difficult living reality and the harsh environment in Nasiriyah governorate and the continuation of revolutions and uprisings produced artists, writers and scholars who challenged difficulties and enriched the intellectual life with their artistic, literary and scientific productions. The political events and battles in the country at the internal and external levels, or the conflicts over power in Iraq, did not affect his ambition to learn and achieve his dream, which he sought and worked hard for, nor did they discourage his determination and determination to move forward to reach the highest ranks of science

This research aims to study the structures of (the participle) in the poetry of Dr. Ahmed Matlab And a statement of the morphological connotations of each of them ،However, it was not easy to reveal the significance, especially that when the poet writes his poetry, he evokes the indications he wants himself.It is not possible to reach the true significance as the poet wanted it, and this significance may be reached if the poet is alive At that time, he can declare what he wanted to use this or that formula for a specific indication or intended meaning and not others But how can this connotation or meaning be reached with the poet’s departure from this worldly life, and this is what happened to this study? Undoubtedly, resorting to context, both maqam and maqali, is guided by the poem's atmospher It is the best way in many of the citizens in our study to reach the intended meaning that the poet intended However, the agreement of the premises, and the difference of meanings - as the specialists know - refer to the knowledge of the context and with its connections .

The current study sheds the light on the child labor phenomenon in Child Labor in Holy Kerbala City from a geographical side. It focused on knowing places of its spread and its spatial distribution among the three city sectors. These are the old city sector where the children were about (194) working children, Al Jazerah sector where the children were about (164) working children, and Al Haideriyah sector where the children were about (151) working children, and in accord with the city administrative division, Number of commercial markets and streets in holy Kerbala was counted (27) which have (405) working children, number of traffic intersection that those children work in who were about (8) including (31) working children, number of industrial districts were about (3) including(19)working children, Working children phenomenon is considered one of the dangerous phenomenon on the society due to its negative traces on children in particular and on community of Kerbala city in general; that's why it was a must to study this phenomenon and stop on its distributional places among the city sectors.
Key words: the concept of the child, the concept of child labor, the distribution of working children in the holy city of Karbala according to sectors, the distribution of working children in the holy city of Karbala according to residential neighborhoods, the distribution of working children in the holy city of Karbala by place of work.

The current research aims to know the effect of teaching social sciences according to the network analysis strategy in the achievement of second-grade students in the middle school, and to verify the goal of the research, the researcher put the null hypothesis:
There is no statistically significant difference at the level of significance (0.05) between the average scores of the experimental group students who study social studies according to the network analysis strategy, and the average scores of the control group that studies the same subject according to the usual method, in the post achievement test. The researcher followed the quasi-experimental method with partial control, as it is the appropriate method with the nature and objectives of his research. The researcher identified his research community, the General Directorate of Holy Karbala Education / secondary and intermediate day schools in the center of the Holy Karbala governorate, which numbered (36) schools, and for the purpose of applying the experiment, the researcher chose the medium random method (the martyr Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr for boys) and before starting the experiment, the researcher selected the study material that was represented by The third, fourth, fifth and sixth chapters of the social book topics for the second intermediate grade for the academic year 2021-2022. The researcher also formulated the behavioral objectives for the level of the subject according to Bloom's classification (remember, understanding, application, analysis, synthesis, evaluation) and they were presented to experts in educational sciences The researcher also prepared study plans, while the research tool included an achievement test that was presented to a group of experts and specialists to ensure its validity before applying the experiment. The time required for the test and the clarity of the instructions were confirmed by applying them to a survey sample on Tuesday 22/2/2022 and continued until Sunday 1/5/2022.
In light of the research results, the researcher reached recommendations and suggestions, including:
1.A study similar to the current study to know the effect of the network analysis strategy on dependent variables other than achievement and development, such as attitude and tendency towards substance and others.
2.A similar study to the current study on males and females (a comparative study).

There is no doubt that Qur'anic studies occupy a great place in ancient and modern linguistic research, and that the Qur'an is more accurate and precise in Arabic and linguistic texts, the aim of which is to study the Qur'an in a multi-purpose Qur'an, based on monitoring the acts of writing that have different meanings according to the verses received and what was stated by the Prophet. The Qur'an's acts of writing came in many meanings, the past (written) has come to signify the judiciary and the power, and it is intended to be, and once it indicates the oath, the opposite act (written) came in a sense that is innumerable, bewilderous, changing, and gathering. The nature of the subject required reference to various sources of grammar and interpretation, with the secrets of this great book being stated, and this research had reached important conclusions that the written acts in the Qur'an varied according to their location.

The goal of the current study is to examine the pragma-stylistic strategies used by bullies to illustrate the concept of bullying in four selected American children's short stories. Children stories are often written, not only to present entertainment to readers, but to communicate moral, cultural, religious or pedagogical messages. The current study aims at inspecting the most and least common speech acts that bullies in the selected data utilize and highlighting the specific pragma-rhetorical tropes used by the bullies. In association with the aims, the study sets out two hypotheses: (1) in the selected stories, bullies tend to utilize directive SAs the most and representative SAs the least, (2) clarification tropes are mostly used by bullies. To examine the hypotheses set forth, an eclectic model is developed. The eclectic model encompasses Searle’s (1969) classification of speech acts and Al-Hindawi and Abu-Krooz (2012) pragma-rhetorical tropes model for literary text analysis. The study has concluded that bullies use expressive SAs the most whereas declarative SAs are used the least frequently. Clarification tropes are deployed by bullies most commonly.
المستخلص

Verbs have a great importance in the construction of the Arabic sentence, and that is why Arabic scholars have given verbs great attention and considered that they are one of the most powerful factors because they raise a subject and establish an object, in addition to the fact that they establish the rest of what they called (residues), such as adverbs, accusatives, and so on. And that it works in various circumstances, whether it is advanced or delayed, estimated or apparent, and this study aims to clarify the semantics of past actions revealed by Al-Zamakhshari in his Scouts, and to indicate the extent of their conformity with what was mentioned in the Arabic dictionaries, and to indicate the impact of the context on its general meaning.

This research aims to identify the level of morphological analysis skills among female students of the fourth scientific class in Iraq, and for the purpose of achieving the research objective; The
researcher followed the descriptive method as a method for his research.
The researcher identified his research in the fourth grade scholars in the prep and day-to-day schools of the General Directorate of the Governorate of Dhi- Qar. If the community is large.
The researcher prepared a test to measure the level of industrial analysis skills at sample students based on the final trader skills designed by the investigator. , the researcher made sure of its sincerity and stability, and extracted the differentiating forces of its paragraphs, the coefficients of their difficulty, and the effectiveness of their erroneous alternatives.
After applying the test, the researcher analyzed the data obtained by using the t-test for one sample. For the purpose of knowing the significance of the difference between the averages, and then it was found that there was a statistically significant difference in favor of the hypothetical mean, which is an indicator of the weakness of the sample students in the analytical skills of research.
In light of this, the researcher presented a set of realistic and scientific reasons for this research result, and drew a set of conclusions, and also recommended a number of recommendations, including:
1- Benefiting from what was presented by this research, with regard to its results, the rationale for its problem, its importance, its theoretical background, its test items, and other things.
2- Working on using the morphological analysis skills list presented in this research in teaching morphology, evaluating it, and developing its skills, whether at the level of general or academic education.
3-The pursuit of an undressing author of the secondary stage, including clarification of the concept of drainage, and its work and doors, as well as the definition of the required concepts and terminology required, as well as reference to a range of common mistakes and corrections.
4- Preparing periodic and final exams for all branches of the Arabic language, especially morphology, in light of the skill entrance.
To complement this research, the researcher suggested conducting subsequent studies as an extension of it. To enrich this vital and important field, which still needs more studies and research

This study revealed the persuasive efforts made by Ibn Hani Al-Andalusi and shed light on the analogy mechanism that he used to reach the recipient to persuasion through his poetic discourse and to maintain high poetic quality and preserve aesthetic values. By investing in the aesthetic value of the analogy and its latent persuasive ability, he also used different types of analogy to influence the recipient and opened up wide horizons for him in deducing the relationships between the two sides of the analogy with high skill. He had to understand his creed first, and indeed his poetry carried the ideas of the Ismaili creed, and when we return to the Diwan of this poet, we find that he was well-acquainted with the religion. We learned that Ibn Hani had studied religion, a study that crowned him with righteousness and piety, and made him completely reject the vices that taint the sanctity of his devotee, to the extent that the poet raised He spelled out of respect for the responsibility that he volunteered to address, and this is evidence that he was sincere in his faith and not just a profiteer from the Fatimid al-Muizz.

This research aims to shed light on the process that most narrators ignored, intentionally or unintentionally, which is the process of destroying idols before the Prophet’s migration on the night of the Prophet’s departure(may Gads prayers and peace be upon him and his family) from Makkah to Yathrib, which coincided with the night of Imam Ali’s (peace be upon him) stay. On the bed of the Prophet (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family), we explain these texts to reveal the hidden truth associated with the night of the virtue of the stay of Imam Ali (peace be upon him). Therefore, the narrators deliberately misled the reader as if the event occurred after the honorable Prophet’s migration.

The aim of the research is to determine the optimal location for the establishment of landfills in the city of Al-Musayyab, since the waste problem is the main problem that receives attention in cities due to the narrowness of the land area, the huge amount and volume of waste and the negative consequences on public health.
It was based on a set of conditions and criteria and using the available data on the study area and based on GIS technology by deriving the required standards and then representing them in the form of maps that reflect the most important economic, social and environmental standards, which were processed using the functions of spatial and statistical analysis to form a digital information base that allow building A cartographic model to determine the most suitable locations in the study area to establish suitable landfills.
After applying different criteria using GIS technology, the research found the best sites for landfills, which were represented by appropriate maps.

The current research aims to know the effect of the computerized (kud) strategy on the achievement of the second intermediate grade students in the subject of social studies, and for the purpose of verifying the objective of the study, the researcher formulated the null hypothesis:
1-There are no statistically significant differences at the level of significance (0.05) between the average scores of the students of the experimental group, which is taught using the computerized (kud) strategy, and the average scores of the students of the control group, which is taught in the usual way in the collection of social subjects. The researcher chose the design Semi-experimental with a post-test to measure achievement. The research community was the day-governmental middle schools affiliated to the Karbala Education Directorate for the academic year (2021-2022). The researcher chose a medium-footed school for boys on purpose; This is because it contains five, people and the cooperation of the school administration and owners with the researcher, and two divisions were chosen in a simple random way, the choice was made on its people (C), to be the experimental group, and its people (D) the control group, and the research sample amounted to (71) students, with a rate of (35). For the experimental group, and (36) for the control group, equivalence was conducted for the experimental and control groups with several variables (chronological age calculated in months, intelligence test of Ahmed Zaki Saleh, grades of the first social course, parents’ achievement), and the researcher determined the classes that will be taught during the experiment period. The researcher prepared the teaching plans for both groups, it amounted to (18) teaching plans for each group, while the researcher formulated the behavioral goals for the specific subject, so the number reached (96) behavioral goals for all the mentioned chapters, and to verify the two research goals, the researcher prepared one tool for the dependent variable, and prepared a test Investigatively, according to the specification table (test map) consisting of (26) test items of a type of choice from multiple alternatives with four alternatives, the researcher verified the validity of the tool by presenting it to a group of experts and arbitrators, and the tool was applied to two samples that were evaluated. The first two measures to know the clarity of the paragraphs, and the time taken to answer them, and the second to know the statistical characteristics of the effectiveness of the wrong alternatives, the coefficient of difficulty and discrimination, and the relationship of the paragraph with the total score, as well as extracting the test stability coefficient, and after the end of the experiment period, the search tool was applied to the two groups The data was analyzed and processed statistically using the statistical analysis bag (SPSS) and the t-test for two independent, unequal samples. The following results appeared:
1-There is an effect of the computerized (kud) strategy on social achievement for the students of the second intermediate grade, and in favor of the experimental group, as the calculated T-value amounted to (2.583), and the tabular T-value (2) was with a degree of freedom (69) at the level of significance (0.05).
In light of the results of the study, a number of conclusions were reached, while the study recommended a set of recommendations, and some proposals were developed.

تبحث الدراسة الحالية في الأدوات الأسلوبية-التداولية التي يستخدمها الشخصيات في قصص الأطفال لتسليط الضوء على ظاهرة التنمر كجانب اجتماعي مهم في أربعٍ من القصص الأمريكية القصيرة المختارة للأطفال. تهدف الدراسة إلى النظر في مبادى كرايس التي خرقها المتنمرون والضحايا والرواة للتعبير عن أفكارهم ومشاعرهم وتسليط الضوء على المجازات الخطابية التي يستخدمها المتنمرون والضحايا والرواة في القصص المختارة. بالاقتران مع الأهداف، تحدد الدراسة فرضيتين: (1) يميل المتنمرون الى خرق مبدأ الكم ويميل الضحايا إلى خرق مبدأ الوثاقة والرواة يميلون الى خرق مبدأ التصرف، (2) عادة ما يستخدم المتنمرون والضحايا مجازات التوضيح البلاغية والرواة غالبا ما يستخدمون مجازات التوكيد. لفحص الفرضيات المحددة، تم تطوير نموذج انتقائي. يشمل النموذج الانتقائي نظرية مبادئ كرايس (1975) ونموذج المجازات الخطابية لتحليل النص الأدبي للهنداوي و ابو كروز (2012). يخلُص التحليل إلى استنتاجين: (1) فيما يتعلق بخرق مبادئ كرايس، يخرق المتنمرون والضحايا عادة مبدأ الجودة بينما يخرق الرواة مبدأ الكم (3) فيما يتعلق باستخدام المجازات الخطابية – التوضيحية فإنه يسود استعمالها من قبل المتنمرين والرواة في أغلب الأحيان والمجازات الخطابية-التوكيدية يسود استخدامها من قبل الرواة والضحايا

Orientalist Alphonse de Lamartine was one of the great representatives of the cultural romantic movement whose directors glorified alienation and nostalgia for a distant time and place. About a great personality in a long time, The East was a symbol of this alienation that many romantics yearned for, so de Lamartine's writings on "The Life of Muhammad" represent the nostalgia tendency to write about a great personality in a distant time. The book (The Life of Muhammad) received conflicting opinions between acceptance and rejection, So he began to plant suspicions about the origin of the Islamic call and that the Prophet Muhammad had quoted information about the Christian religion and the news of the ancients from Buhairi, and accordingly, the religion that the Prophet Muhammad came and called for later is quoted from the Jewish and Christian religions. The research was divided into several axes, the first axis: an overview of the life of the orientalist Alfons de Lamartine (October 21, 1790 - February 28, 1869), the second axis: the approach of the orientalist Alphonse de Lamartine in his writings on Islam, the third axis: the views of the orientalist Alphonse de Lamartine on the lineage of the Prophet And his life before the noble prophetic mission, the fourth axis: the views of Alfons de Lamartine on the beginning of the honorable mission with the revelation and the spread of the Islamic call, the fifth axis: the views of the orientalist Alphonse de Lamartine on the migration of the Prophet to Yathrib and the establishment of the city state and the beginning of jihad operations, the sixth axis: the views of the orientalist Alphonse de Lamartine Lamartine about the relationship of the Prophet Muhammad (may God bless him and grant him peace) to the polytheists of Quraish, Theme Seven: The views of the Orientalist Alphonse de Lamartine on the multiple marriages of the Prophet (may God bless him and grant him peace). The eighth axis: The concluding opinions of the Orientalist Alphonse de Lamartine on the personality of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) after studying his honorable biography.

This study attempts to identify the exaggerated formulas contained in the Encyclopedia of the Holy Hadiths of Sayyid Hussein Najib Muhammad, and to reveal the underlying and precise meanings added by their contexts. It will address some of the views of ancient grammarians, modernists, and exegetes and their differences about the exaggeration formulas contained in the attributes of God Almighty, as well as clarifying the significance of the weights of the exaggerated formulas that appeared in the encyclopedia, and standing at some of the Qur’anic evidence and honorable hadiths, to seek the wonderful additions made by the buildings within their different contexts, and the analytical approach The statistician was appropriate for this study

We conclude from the above discussions in our research on the subject: ((The impact of political conflicts on the status of Islamic groups and their name, the Al-Khashabiyah (wooden division) model)) that, not all that was said about the divisions in the history of Muslims is a reality, and it is not necessary to have the name of a division in the history of Islam is evidence of its existence or a true expression of its identity and principles, or is a clear and total picture of it, as it may be nothing more than placed topic or distorted or a predatory utterance, or it may not have existed at all.
One of the reasons for this is the conflict and the political and sectarian chaos, and the subsequent ideological (doctrines) differences, and the rulers control politically and militarily on the capabilities of the Islamic nation, so it had the greatest impact in distorting the doctrinal aspects of the Islamic sects and divisions, especially the Shiites and the development of ahadeeth and fabricated names and claims have nothing to do with them, a literal and objective transfer by the people of articles and historians alike and in the way they deal with the history and doctrines of sects and divisions that are contrary to them increased the establishing of this thing.
This is evident from the fabrication of the name of the Al-Khashabiyah (wooden division) and the development of its fundamentals, its origins, its flags and its call for religion and worship. We see here the magnitude of the situation and the falsification of history through the great discrepancies in the subject of this division. They were said to be the companions of Abu Abdullah al-Jadili. They were said to be the companions of Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah. They were said to be the companions of Ibrahim ibn al-Ashtar. They were said to be the rejection division. They were said to be the supporters of Abi- Muslim Al-Kharasani . And attributed to this division placed flags, it was said that, Abdullah al-Jadli is one of them, Mansour bin Almatamar, Abdullah bin Abdul Qudus, and the poet Kuthair Azza, and Talid bin Sulaiman Alaraj Al-Kufi, and Khandeq Al-Asadi, Harith bin Hasira and others.
It was said that they do not fight with the sword except with the infallible imam, and they said that they create the Koran and that God does not speak, and attributed to them heresy in divorce and differentiation between the sons of Adam, and said that The wooden division says reincarnation of souls and believe in return. Thus, the forgery was completed by the formation of a division called the wooden in the history of Muslims and originally does not exceed this name because it was a name called to a group of soldiers.
The political conflicts have long experience in the naming of the Islamic groups and their many, because of the history of the Islamic political conflict in one way or another with the doctrinal and sectarian differences among the Muslims. The more the ideological conflict is the more the political differences and vice versa, the political opponents are trying to distort the image of their ideological opponents to alienate them, Therefore, we find in the history of the divisions and the Islamic doctrines a lot of fallacies and contradictions even between the authors of the articles of the same doctrine, and see them differ in the mentioning of number of Islamic divisions and their categorization a great difference.
In this case, we have to doubt every subject concerning sects and divisions starting with its existence, its names, symbols, and the heresies attributed to it. We do not interrupt the validity of any of this unless we achieve a thorough investigation and scrutiny. We have proved that politics, doctrinal conflicts distorted the image of Islamic sects and divisions has developed a great deal of falsification in history books.
Hence, we have to go into these events objectively and impartially to uncover the facts of present and future generations, and the evidence of this and because of the political conflicts in distorting the features of Islamic history; they have put divisions do not exist on the ground and launch of the names on it, and the clearest evidence on that is the wooden term, Which was portrayed to the public as a division of Muslim sects and a doctrine of their doctrines has its symbols and heresies calling it contrary to the spirit of Islam Muhammadi, and we will clarify this in this research, if God willing, and show its invalidity.

The Iraqi-Moroccan relations 1973-1980 were characterized by the spirit of Arab nationalism, and these relations at the beginning of the seventies were limited to the exchange of congratulations and telegrams between the two countries. Including, Iraq tried hard to renounce the dispute between the Kingdom of Morocco and Algeria following Algeria’s decision to nationalize the border mines with Morocco in 1979. In return, Morocco intervened to resolve the dispute between Iraqi President Saddam Hussein and Mr. Khomeini, and these relations were reflected in the position of the Kingdom of Morocco on the Iraqi war. Iran, as its position was supportive of Iraq, but this does not prevent us from saying that Morocco has, in doing so, endeavored its utmost to establish peace through the efforts it made for a cease-fire between Iraq and Iran.

The stylistic sentence is a basic brick in the language of poetry Hence the researcher has identified the most important styles of stylistic and stylitic and how the poet used these synthetic patterns to express the various meanings which contributed to the enrichment of his poetic experience The questionnaires were the most important methods that the researcher observed Synthetic structure in the language of poetry by the poet Jawad AL –Hattab

This research is concerned with an attempt to present one of the methods of studying the Arabic Language- the language of the noble Qur,an-based on interpretation and appreciation for the assumption of Qur,anic singular morphemes by Scholars and the structure of verbs (abstract,augmented),which are s that are not arbitrary speculative,but are prepared in their form to linguistic phenomena related to linguistic use,And that is by using one of the methods of assumption- the verbal condition-composed of the conditional tools and the verb of the saying and its conjugat in the manner:\'If it was recited,it would be bermissible\', \'If the reader reads\'with giving acritical judgment on it negatively and bositively,and warning that it is an assumed reading and it is not permissible to read it if there is on narration in it the research investigated the opinions of linguists ,commmmentators ,and readers,and Their judgments and critical treatments in this regard,and the research concluded that assuming something is not out of deviation from linguistic standards and origins, but rather the disclosure of what the word carries from several aspects that flt its meaning with the context,and may correspond to weights that bear.