Journal of Education for Pure Science-University of Thi-Qar

Electron transfer rate constant for dye / semiconductor system has been calculated using Fermi golden rule .The reorganization energy (λ eV) is calculated for this system at three solvents and compared with the theoretical and experimental values. The effective free energy ( ΔGo eV) is calculated depending on the spectrum of thionine dye. The transfer is treated according to the weak coupling between semiconductor and acceptor molecule state. Our calculations show good agreement with the theoretical and experimental observed results.

أجريت دراسة مقارنة عن تأثير مياه الري المالحة في بعض الخواص الفسلجية لصنفين من نبات الطماطة (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) وهما ( Supermarimond ) فرنسي المنشأ و ( Saria ) أمريكي المنشأ . تضمنت الدراسة تأثير التراكيز الملحية (0 و 3 و 6 و 9 و 12) ديسيسمنز م من ملح كلوريد الصوديوم في تراكيز البروتين والبرولين والكاربوهيدرات و الصبغات النباتية (الكلوروفيل والكاروتين) والنسب المئوية للمحتوى المائي والمادة الجافة في المجموع الخضري لصنفي النبات . أظهرت نتائج الدراسة أن زيادة تراكيز الملوحة سببت زيادة في تراكيز البروتين والبرولين والكاربوهيدرات و انخفاض في تراكيز الصبغات النباتية (كلوروفيل أ و ب و الكلوروفيل الكلي والكاروتين) والنسب المئوية للمحتوى المائي والمادة الجافة في المجموع الخضري لصنفي النبات .

This study was carried out to provide further information on the patients with diabetic mellitus and any implications for the prevention of what is a life-threatening disorder. Three hundred and five diabetic mellitus patients from diabetic centre of Duhok city and other places, were used:- (137) males & (168) females for the period from December-2010 to Fabrewary-2011. We studied the relationship between genders and complications of diabetic mellitus. The study showed no significant differences (p>0.05) between heart disease, hypertension, neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy, stroke, foot complication, hearing problems, and gender, on the other hand, a significant (p≤0.05) relationship between skin & mouth condition, hyperlipidemia and gender. We conclusion that the females were more than males with the risk of the dangerous of diabetic mellitus complications in Duhok city/ IRAQ

That scientific progress made in all areas of life made available to researchers the opportunity to achieve the results logical and especially at the level of the means of measurement, where it is of paramount importance in determining the exact results to find out the scientific facts that will achieve the required levels of achievement, harbor, the creation of the scientific facts of the relationship or means other statistical contributes significantly to reach a desired goal, and touched the researchers to study variables and the functional task of the athletes including the effectiveness of the electrical heart muscle through their parts and linking effectively performance of the game fencing and the other side was appointed variables and other functional to see a statement kind of relationship with each other in order to reach of the scientific facts that will help workers and trainers to achieve the required level.

This study planned to assess liver function in patients with hyperthyroidism and diabetes mellitus .The study conclude measure the concentrations of liver enzymes such as aspartate aminotransfererase (AST), alanine aminotransfererase (ALT) and alkaline phosphates (ALP) and tests of thyroid function tests (T3),(T4) and (TSH) hormones, concentration of blood sugar (FBS) .The study take place in city of Nasiriyah in Dhi Qar . The study included 40 volunteer healthy (9 male and 31 female ), 40 patients with hyperthyroidism (9 male and 31 female), 40 patients with diabetes mellitus (9 male and 31 female),40 patients with [hyperthyroidism & diabetes mellitus] together (9 male and 31 female), ages ranged from 20 – 55 years . 40 healthy volunteers were taken as a standard .In this study , the average values of the enzymes (AST),(ALT) and (ALP) significantly higher in patients compared to control group. Average values of serum glucose concentration in patients revealed a significant difference compared with the control group. Although the differences were statistically significant . Overall 35 patients (87.5%) infected with [ hyperthyroidism & diabetes mellitus] together they had at least two or more abnormalities of the enzymes in liver function tests.

The main propose of this study is to evaluate the Breast Cancer in AL-Najaf city in Iraq for the period 2005-2012 for three variables that is age, weight and Tumor level. The data is analyzed using multiple regression analysis to get the mathematical model, the age, weight effect on tumor level and to get the positive or negative relationship between variables. SPSS program V. 17.0 was used throughout this study to analyzed the data and to generate the various Tables . From the results, we find the age and weight effect on tumor level is very weak. So there is no significant effect between age , weight and tumors level. Also , from all regression lines, there is a negative relationship between Y (Tumor level) and X1 (Age) in 2005,2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010. But there is a positive relationship between Y (Tumor level) and X1 (Age) in 2011 and 2012. Also there is a negative relationship between Y (Tumor level) and X2 (Weight) in 2005, 2011, 2012. And there is a positive relationship between Y (Tumor level) and X2 (Weight) in 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, and 2010.

The current study included estimating, comparing the physical and chemical properties of buffalo and goat milk, and noting their influence in some of the biochemical parameters in the blood serum of laboratory rats' females those treated with phosphoric acid. This study was conducted on a herd of buffalo and another of goat in Dhi-Qarprovince-south of Iraq.The results of physical and chemical tests for buffalo and goat milk showed a significant increase in (pH) values of goat milk compared with (pH) values of buffalo milk, while these results showed significant increase in the values of the specific weight, the percentage of fat, percentage of lactose and percentage of ash content for buffalo milk compared with goat milk. We observed insignificant increase in the percentage of total acidity, freezing point and the percentage of protein for buffalo milk compared with goat milk. Also this studyshowed that treatment of female rats with phosphoric acid (second group) caused a significant decrease in the calcium level compared with the control group (first group).The results showed significant decrease in the phosphorus level for the groups third (buffalo milk group) and sixth (phosphoric acid + goat milk group) compared with the first group, while our results showed significant increase in the calcium level for the groups third (buffalo milk group), fourth (goat milk group) and fifth(phosphoric acid + buffalo milk group) compared with the first group andincrease significantly in the phosphorus level for the second group compared with the first group.

Objective: Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is estimated to be leading cause of mortality in the world and in high-income countries. The present study was designed to determine and compare the levels of (hsCRP, MDA, lipid profile, and atherogenic index)in patients with (IHD) and healthy individuals and asses the titer of hsCRP among different types of IHD to predict its role in the risk stratifications of Ischemic Heart Disease and healthy individuals. Material and Methods:Serum high sensitivity C reactive protein ,lipid profile ,malondialdehyde, and atherogenic index levels were measured in 100 patients Ischemic Heart Disease and 70 supposedhealthy subjects .Results:The levels of serum high sensitivity C reactive protein , malondialdehyde, biochemical markers of lipid profile (serum TCH,TG,LDL,VLDL)and atherogenic index (AI) were revealed significant increase in patients with coronary artery disease as compared to control group whereas the levels (HDL) showed a significant decrease in coronary heart disease patients in comparison to control subjects(P ≤ 0.01).This study was also revealed the correlation between the concentrations of the measured parameters and hsCRP.This study revealed significant in hsCRPin patients with (IHD). Conclusion:This study revealed significant inhsCRPin patients with (IHD).Lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress is more prominent in patients with (IHD) comparison to healthy individuals ,and this is mostly the leading cause of atherosclerotic processes and resultant complication of coronary occlusion . this lipid peroxidation reflected by (hsCRP, MDA, LDL, and atherogenic index ) were obvious in this study .

The importance of thyroid diseases and the number of the patients are increased recently in Iraq .Thus we conducted this study in Baghdad city ( the specialized center for endocrine diseases and diabetes)During the year 2008.we concluded from this study that the age group(11-20)year is the highest that show Hyperthyroidism in female, while in male the age group(31-40)year is the highest among other group. In comparison between males and females we found that the values of (T3,T4)hormones had significant differences in all age group, while the value of TSH hormone was almost constant. In Hypothyroidism the age group (21-30) year is the highest within females, while the age in male was (0-10),(31-40) year in males ,is the highest. The result from this study also proved that males are less affected than females to the thyroid diseases.

In this study, was to investigate the hypolipidemic effect of Apple-cure drug on the hypercholesterolemic-induced new Zealand white rabbits by feeding the animals with normal chow (diet) enriched with 1% cholesterol and 10% corn oil for one month was investigated. Animals with normal and hypercholesterolemic diets through out the study were used as negative (A) and positive (B) control respectively. Moreover, hypercholesterolemic rabbits were treated with two different medications as follow: animals of group (C) were treated with standard antihyperlipidemic drug, Atorvastatin(2mg/Kg/day), while the animals of group (D) were treated with apple-cure drug (3ml/Kg/day of apple-cure tablet solution) daily via oral route for 4 weeks. The results showed that there was no significant change in the body weights of hypercholesterolemic rabbits (B,C) groups but there was a high significant reduction (p <0.005) in the body weights of group (D) rabbits. Blood samples were collected at 0,1,2,3 and 4 weeks after treatment to investigate serum lipid profile. The daily administration of Apple-cure for hypercholesterolemic rabbits (group D) was led to a high significant reduction ( p < 0.005) in both total cholesterol and triglycerides and significant reduction (p<0.01) in the LDL-cholesterol levels, while same administration led to significant increasing (p<0.01) in the HDL-cholesterol levels. These results indicate that the Apple-cure drug have a strong hypolipidemic effect through improving the serum lipid profile by decreasing total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL-cholesterol levels and by elevating HDL-cholesterol level and it may be of greatful value in the treatment of dyslipidemias.

This study was carried out by growing five rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars (Anber-33 , Yasamin , BT-7, Cntlr-33 and Mishkhab-2) on 17/6/2005 at Al-Mishkhab Rice Research Station . They were harvested at full maturity stage . Their seeds were stored for twelve months from the beginning of January 2006 to the end of December 2006. Seeds were packed by using three packaging methods i.e. (polypropylene bags , clothes bags and bulk) . The aim was to investigate the effect of packaging methods and storage period on the storability of these five rice cultivars . Seeds were stored under the Lab. Conditions with good ventilation. The results can be summarized as follows : Yasamin seeds gave the higher means of germination speed , standard germination percentage , radical length and seedling dry weight (67.76% , 80.58% , 9.87 cm and 4.25 mlg) , respectively , while Mishkhab -2 seeds gave the lower values of germination speed, standard germination percentage , plumule length , radical length and seedling dry weight (52.76% , 61.07% , 4.84 cm , 5.46 cm and 2.98 mlg) , respectively . For moisture content , BT-7 seeds recorded higher mean (12.89%) , compared with (12.75%) for Anber-33 which not significantly differ with Yasamin seeds. Clothes bags gave the higher means of germination speed , standard germination percentage , plumule length , radical length and seedling dry weight (63.60% , 76.17% , 7.88 cm , 9.13 cm and 3.90 mlg) , respectively . This method also recorded lower mean of seed moisture content (12.75%) . However the bulk method gave the lower means of germination speed , plumule length , radical length and seedling dry weight (57.85% , 65.65% , 6.59 cm , 7.63 cm and 3.33 mlg) , respectively . It also gave the higher means of seeds moisture content (12.87%) . The higher means of germination speed , standard germination speed , standard germination percentage and seedling dry weight (68.67% , 82.57% and 4.39 mlg) , respectively were recorded in the 9th month of storage , while the higher means of pumule length and radical length (8.70 cm and 9.78 cm) , respectively , were recorded in the 10th month of storage . The seeds moisture content was the higher (15.05%) in the first month of storage compared with (10.85%) in the last month.

Ten Adult Pigeon male and female obtained from AL-Nassiriya market species (Columbia livia). Histological and histochemical study on the pancreas of pigeon were carried out using special staining and light microscope. The pancreas had four lobes ,Three pancreatic ducts were recognized as they join the proximal end of ascending duodenum . The Exocrine portion consist of intercalated duct, intralobular duct , interlobular duct and main duct. In the present study the serous tubuloacinar gland having Exocrine and Endocrine portion .The Endocrine portion were found to be Langerhans Islets which were composed of Alpha islets and Beta islets . Alpha islet were composed of two types of cells: Alpha cell and Beta cell .Beta islets containing Beta cell and Delta cell. The Endocrine Portion was consisted of various shapes and size of Alpha and Beta islets .The structure of Pigeon Pancreas was similar to that of other avian species with minor differences.

In the present paper we are interested in the study of bifurcation of extremals of smooth functions. We considered the functions that have codimensions three (hyperbolic umbilic) and fifteen at the origin. For the function of codimension three we gave the conditions of the existence of the critical points. Also, we found the bif-spreading of the critical points. For the function of codimension fifteen we used the boundary singularities of smooth maps to study the bifurcation analysis of this function, also we found geometrical description of the caustic.

Reusing functions and classes in object oriented programming languages considered as the first real experience for software reuse concept. Libraries investments considered as the most important feature to enhance programmer productivity achieving good quality software product because of it's positive effect on the software performance. In addition of saving lots of efforts and time because you don't need to start from scratch rather you can reuse the existing, well defined, carefully tested, well documented, portable, widely available components which increases reliability, modifiability and the consequences of the ease to manage, modify and maintain. These units need not to be recompiled again, this supports the success to achieve the object of software production project and the object of managing it. High quality production make time and budget management easier and reduces after sell services cost. This paper investigate merits of OOP that invest the standard libraries against conventional OOP written in the same language but not investing the existing libraries on quantitative basis. Measurements was made by using some of the well known software metrics [1-2] comparing the results for object oriented programs that use libraries with conventional programs doing the same thing but does not use the exist libraries, the results for the software metrics I get is much better for programs that use libraries. I consider this paper as an invitation to use the existing libraries to achieve effective software industry.

Tow organophosphate compounds namely triallyl phosphate (I) and Triphenyl phosphate (II) were prepared . The compound (I) was polymerized (addition polymerization) by adding ethyl methyl keton peroxide and Cobalt octate as accelerator to obtain triallyl phosphate resin (III) . The compound (II) was polymerized (condensation polymerization) by adding paraformaldehyde to obtain Triphenyl phosphate formaldehyde resin (IV) . These compounds were identified by elemental analysis , calculation of the percentage of phosphorus by gravimetric methods and infrared spectroscopy . Some new interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) based on the prepared organophosphate resins and epoxy resin (5-25 %w/w) were prepared . Mechanical properties such as impact strength and hardness for these IPNs were studied and it was found the impact strength was increased with increasing the content of organophosphate resins in the epoxy resin network while the hardness was decreased in comparison with epoxy resin alone because of the flexibility properties for organophosphate resins. Moreover , thermal stability of the IPNs was evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) . From some thermal stability parameters measured such as decomposition temperature , rate of decomposition , activation energy and char content , it was observed that the organophosphate resins were improved the thermal stability of the epoxy resin network . Furthermore , flame resistance of these IPNs was investigated according to ASTM 568 . The results were indicated that the organophosphate resins increase flame resistance for the prepared polymeric networks by decreasing the rate of burning and weight loss .

A new ligand {N-(2-{[(4-bromophenyl)imino]methyl}phenyl)acetamide} (L) and it complexes with Cr(III), Fe(III), Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) were synthesized . These compounds were identified by elemental analysis , Molar conductivity, as well as spectroscopic methods (IR, 1HNMR ,Mass) . It may be concluded that the ligand coordinate through Nitrogen atoms for all the complexes and act as a bidentate ligand which bond through –C=N and –NH groups ,This view is further supported by the appearance of a band corresponding to the metal – nitrogen stretching vibration at )524-550) Cm-1 in the complexes . On the bases of these studies we suggest formation octahedral geometry for all preparded complexes .

The present work aimed to study the effect of phenolic compounds of Mentha spicata and Mentha longifolia on sex hormones level which including follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone(LH), estrogene and progesterone in female rats. Tow doses (200 and 400 mg/kg) from each plant were used and the animals were injected intraperitonially for 30 days as one dose/day. The results indicated that phenolic extractes of M. spicata and M. longifolia caused a significant increase (P<0.05) in plasma (FSH), (LH), estrogene and progesterone when compared with control group, which treated with normal saline.

Leukaemia is a malignant disease (cancer) that affects people in any age either they are children or adults over 50 years old. Nowadays, there are screening system guidelines for leukaemia patients. The screening result from looking at asample of patient blood, can determine the abnormal levels of white blood cells,which may suggest leukaemia for further diagnostic stage. Therefore, medical professional using medical images to diagnose leukemia. However, there are blurness and effects of unwanted noise on blood leukaemia images that sometimes result in false diagnosis. Thus image pre-processing such as image enhancement techniques are needed to improve this situation . In this paper ,three techniques are proposed based on wavelet transform and local contrast, dark contrast ,bright contrast and partial contrast. All techniques applied on the leukaemia images. The comparison for all the proposed image enhancement techniques was carried out to find the best technique to enhance the acute leukaemia images. The results show that the wavelet based partial contrast stretching is the best technique that helps to improve the image quality .