Journal Of Wassit For Science & Medicine

Bacterial infections are one of common cause of children diarrhea which causing mortality and morbidity worldwide. In this study One hundred – seventy stool samples were collected from children under five years old suffering from diarrhea. these samples were collected from AL-Ka - Teaching Hospital in the Kut city, Al-Shahid Firoz General Hospital in Al-Hay City, and Al-Azizia General Hospital in Wasit Province, during period months from October, November, and December from 2014. Then these samples examined and cultured, and isolates were identified by conventional methods, and test their sensitivity for antibiotics by disc diffusion method.
The results showed that the bacteria are isolates from 91 samples from the total number of samples, while remaining are parasitic infections. The percentage of infections caused by E. coli (91 samples) is 53.529 % , While the percentage caused by Entamoeba histolytica (63 samples) is 37.058 % , and infection by Giardia lamblia (11 samples) is 6.47 % , and infection by Monillia fungi (3 samples) is 1.764 %, and infection by Hymenolepis nana (2 samples) is 1.176 %. The most common bacterial caused diarrhea in children is E. coli, and then Klebsiella, while the common parasite caused diarrhea is E. histolytica, and then Giardia lamblia , Monillia fungi, and H. nana.
Also the results showed that Ceftizoxime is good antibiotic high effect against E. coli, while Erythromycin is less effect antibiotic against it.

The measuring systems of dimensions of the immersed objects in water that base on the using of the digital camera are widely spread nowadays, especially in the robotic systems, because they are easy to install, fast, safe, inexpensive, and sufficiently accurate as compared with other complicated measuring systems that using the laser or electromagnetic sensors. This study deals with using a digital camera to determine objects ranges and dimensions of under water. In this study, we were able to find the dimensions of the target of under water at different angles and different heights of the water and all of these results were completed using the program Matlab.

High-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) accounts for as much as 40% of sweeteners used over all the world as an industrial sweetener - a substitute for sugar. As obesity has increase rapidly to epidemic proportions around the world, adipose derived hormone play central role in regulation of appetite , balancing between calorie input and calorie expenditure , so the current experiment conducted to investigate the effect of HFCS on serum adiponectin , leptin , resistin hormone levels, lipid profile , body weights , food intake , and relative abdominal fat as obesity markers in adult male rats . Thirty adult male rats weighing 200 -225 gram and 12 – 15 weeks old were randomly divided in to five equal groups. The first group (Groups A) was given a 10% solution of HFCS, the second group (Groups B) was given a 20% solution of HFCS ,the third group ( group C ) was given a 10% solution of sucrose , the fourth group ( group D ) was given a 20% solution of sucrose , the fifth group ( group E ) was given a distilled water for thirty days . All groups were fed with standard rat diet and their solutions ad libitum. At the end of experiment the animals were weighted, sacrificed, blood samples were collected by heart puncture . There were a significant increase (p ≤ 0.05 ) in body weights , relative abdominal fat , serum TC , TAG , LDL-c , and VLDL-c , leptin hormone , and resistin hormone in group B compared with all groups of experiment . There were a significant increase in body weights , relative abdominal fat , serum TC , TAG , LDL-c , and VLDL-c , leptin hormone , and resistin hormone in groups A , C and D compared with group E ,whereas there were no significant differences between group A and groups C, D in all studied parameters when compared with each other’s. Serum HDL-c and adiponectin hormone decreased in groups A, B, C, D when compared with group E. There were no significant differences in HDL-c and adiponectin hormone in groups A, B, C, and D when compared with each other’s. In Conclusions excessive consumption of HFCS may contribute to the incidence obesity and dyslipidemia.

This research included taxonomic study of the larvae of three species belonging to three genera of flies of family Oestridae (Diptera), that causing myiasis in domestic animals in Wasit province. The study included the center of the province, and arrondissementes and districts areas affiliate (Alhayy, Badrah , Numaniya arrondissementes , Sheikh Saad districts and Albesrukih region ) . They are Hypoderma lineatum (DeVillers), Oestrus ovis Linnaeus and Cephalopina titillator Clark. Taxonomic keys are designed to isolate the genus, as well as its species, depending on the structure of the Cephalopharyngal skeleton, mouth hook and posterior spiracales, the collection of these species, the type of the host and the history of combining areas were reported. Larvae were collected from live animals, and the injury as an essential part of the complete life cycle. The sheep were more susceptible to injury of myiasis followed by cows and camels. The results showed the presence of eleven case of larvae of Oestrus ovis in sheep in the center of the province, two in Albesrukih region , two cases in the arrondissementes of Badrah , one case in each of Numaniya arrondissementes and Sheikh Saad districts , larvae of Hypoderma lineatum in cows in each of the center of the province , Alhayy arrondissementes and Albesrukih districts . Two cases of myiasis recorded of larvae Cephalopina titillator in the camels in the center of the province.

Polyvinyl acetate and polyol (PVA-Polyol) has been blended in percentage by weight 3:1 and a mixture has been done by mixing different percentages by weight of kaolin for electrical measurements. Diagnosis of kaolin was measured by FTIR spectrophotometer. Quality factor (Q), dissipation factor (D), parallel resistance (R), pseries resistance (R), impedance (Z), series capacitance (C) and parallel capacitance ss(C) and Phase angle (Φ) were measured. The maximum electrical conductivity is pfound 6794 S.m-1 for samples 1, 3wt% kaolin and the minimum electrical conductivity is 1x10-5 S.m-1 for sample (2) 5wt% kaolin. Dielectric constants (έ), dielectric loss (έ′), have been studied and calculated. The frequency dependent ac conductivity (σ) and frequency independent dc conductivity (σ) has studied and acdcinvestigated. The calculated minimum and maximum ac conductivity (σ) is 3.2x10-5 acS.m-1 for samples (3) 6wt % kaolin and 0.45 S.m-1 for sample (2) 5wt % kaolin. The minimum and maximum calculated independent frequency dc conductivity (σ) is -dc 0.3472 S.m-1 for sample (2) 5wt % kaolin and 1.1671 S.m-1 for sample (1) 3wt % kaolin.

The Study of the Effect of oyster from the Caspian Sea on the Mechanical properties of low density polyethylene (LDPE), which is manufactured in the General state company of petrochemical industries, Basra, as function of the percentages of oysters extracted from the Caspian Sea in Iran (0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5% ), at particular size. ( 250 m) were investigated through several variables, such as strength, and elongation. The obtained results were appeared that the added oyster act to reduce the spaces between the polymer chains, which reflects the high ability of the polymer against the applied stress, and a high degree of homogeneity between the host polymer and the added fillers, and this increase will give further property that increase the hardness of the prepared specimens, the results lead to that the strength at both break will be affected little till the percentage (2%) which reflects the increase in the ductile of the polymer grafted with oyster and wide range of the application for this polymer .

Thirty four local isolates of bio-hydrogen producing anaerobic bacteria were isolated from samples of solid waste of sewage plants from different regions using liquid and solid mineral salt medium at initial pH of 7 and incubated at 37 ºC for 72 hr. The ability of isolates was tested to produce bio-hydrogen, using liquid production medium. Results indicate that the bio-hydrogen production in 25 isolates cannot be detected, while 9 isolates showed the ability to produce bio-hydrogen and that theAn-18 isolate showed the highest level of bio-hydrogen production(34 ppm) after 72 hr. of incubation at 37 ºC. Anaerobic isolates producing bio-hydrogen were identified based on morphological characteristics and some biochemical tests, results showed that 7isolates belong to the genus Actinomycessp.and only two isolates belong to the genus Clostridium sp., Then prepared the mixed culture from 7 isolates and subsequently was used as inoculums for hydrogen production medium. Inoculated the bioreactor containing the residues of agricultural and household by mixed culture (1 ml/ 50 ml medium) at initial pH of 7 and incubated at 37 ºC by using water bath for 20 days ,and subsequently was estimated the amount of hydrogen produced in every day. The results showed that hydrogen production was started from the second day (12 ppm) andreached its maximum production for the period from 14-17 days after the start of the experiment.

In this research Buildup factor of gamma rays in the lead and aluminum substances using the Geiger tube detector and the Cobalt-60 radioactive source.For a distance of (60mm) between the cobalt-60 radioactive source and detector, the effect of atomic number variation and thickness of the shield material in units (mm) and mean free path units (m.f.p) on the Buildup factor values had been studied, and the effect of changing of the distance between the cobalt-60 radioactive source and detector on the Buildup factor had been studied for constant thickness value (10mm) of aluminum material shield.Also the effect of changing of collimator hole diameter and gamma rays energy had been studied for distance (60mm) between the radioactive source and the detector using cesium-137 and cobalt-60.This study provide that Buildup factor of gamma rays increases with decreasing of the atomic number of shield material and with increasing of the shield thicknesses, and it decreases with increasing of distance between the radioactive source and detector and with increasing collimator hole diameter, as well as it decreases with increasing of gamma rays energy or radioactive source energy.

This study was aimed to assess the association between evaluation of homocysteine level, folic acid and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase MTHFR C677T gene polymorphism and recurrent pregnancy loss RSA. Sixty four women diagnosed with RSA and 41 normal fertile female, who had at least one or more child, 21 of them were pregnant women while 20 were non-pregnant. The level of homocysteine was high in women with RSA (11.41+3.75) (p<0.05) compared to normal fertile women either pregnant (7.02+2.13) or non-pregnant (6.84+2.08), low levels of folic acid was observed (6.35+2.09) in women with RSA (p<0.05) compared to fertile women either pregnant(10.08+3.08) or non-pregnant(11.27+3.15). No statistically significant difference was observed in the distribution of genotypes between cases and controls for MTHFR polymorphism. In conclusion, the present study reveals to lack of association of MTHFR C677T polymorphism in RSA women.

The present study aimed to detect the viability of the aqueous extract of green tea Camellia Sinensis in reducing the pathological effects of aflatoxin B1 in the liver of male albino rat, The results of the current study that the aqueous extract of green tea has shown highly effective in reducing the toxicity caused by aflatoxin B1 effects, the Dosage animals at 50 micrograms / kg of body weight of aflatoxin B1 led to the emergence of a satisfactory effects consisted Bridge Necrotic Cells, Hemorrhage,Liver Fibrosis, Cell Lysis and exit nuclei, the loss of the radial structure of the lobes of the liver and at dosages of animals at 200 mg / kg of body weight of the aqueous extract of green tea with 50 micrograms / kg . aflatoxin B1 does not appear in the liver only simple effects consisted gathering ,simple Focal aggregate inflammatory cells and congestion vascular simple in the bowl hepatic.

The mechanical properties of (LDPE-463): powder carboxymethyl-cellulose composite was assessed with respect to the effect of filler content carboxymethyl-cellulose varying from 1% to 10% by weight in the composite. Obvious improvement in the mechanical parameters was recorded best ratio 2.5% weight. The mechanical properties of loaded film have been evaluated through several parameters concerning the elastic deformation based on measuring the load – elongation characteristics. The behavior of the stress - strain curve was analyzed in terms of the cold drawing model. Experimental difficulties appeared above 3.5% mixing ratio, and these difficulties were due to the separation in phase which makes the sample processing so difficult. The elastic behavior increased with increasing carboxymethyl-cellulose filler up to 2.5 %. While 1% is the best ratio that achieved best flame retardant.

The study had been conducted to detect of Trichoderma spp in different locations in Wasit province and evaluate the effect of them against Meloidogyne javanica in laboratory and green houses. Seven isolates belong to four species were isolated from Wasit province which were T .harzianum , T.hamatum , Trichoderma sp1 and Trichoderma sp2 .The results revealed that all tested isolates have high efficiency in parasitize eggs of nematode and the most effective was T. harzianum 3 in percent of parasitism 97% and with significant difference compared with the other isolates . The result also showed that there is clear effect of fungal filtrate in three concentrations (100, 50, and 25%) in mortality of eggs and the more effective filtrate is the filtrate of T. harzianum 3 and the percentages of mortality were 96.7, 75.5, 56.3% at the concentrations 100, 50, 25% respectively. The isolate T. harzianum 3 exist high efficiency in controlling nematode and promote plant growth with increasing the length of shoot and roots which were 19.7, 21.3cm respectively compared with the control 16.1, 15.4cm respectively. This isolate was also the most effective one in increasing wet and dry weight of shoot and roots system with significant superiority of other treatments.

The aim of this study is to determine the increased prevalence of Atrial Fibrillation (AF) in hypertensive patients who use Amlodipine (a Dihydropyridine Calcium Channel Blocker), as compared to hypertensive patients who do not use Amlodipine. The study carried out in Alkarama Teaching Hospital, Wasit Province, Iraq, during the period from April 2010 to February 2014. One hundred eighty eight adult hypertensive patients with AF were included, 109 males with mean age 52 ± 3.4 SD and 79 females with mean age 49 ± 4.1 SD. Subdivided in two groups: group A (include 118 patients using Amlodipine) and group B (include 70 patients do not use Amlodipine). The study showed an increase in the prevalence of (AF), more in those patients using Amlodipine than those who do not use Amlodipine regardless of gender. But there increase in AF in older age and those using higher doses for longer period.

The study has been conducted to evaluate the effect of four native fungal isolates on cucurbit fly D. ciliatus , two of these belong to Metarhizium anisopliae Met and two belong to Beauvveria bassiana Bals. The results revealed that the different concentrations of condial suspension of tested isolates have different effect on the adults and the concentration 109 spore / ml showed higher percent of mortality in lower period. The percentage of survival of females that treated with concentrations 105 , 107 , 109 spore/ml , were 96 , 80 , 32% respectively after two days of treatment with the isolate M. anisopliae ( MARD106) while the percentage of males were 100 , 86 and 28% respectively . The result of LC50 study revealed that the isolate B.bassiana (MARD66) was the most effective isolate and the LC50 was 105 spore / ml for males and females. The result also revealed that the study of the effect of female age on the isolates showed that the percentage of mortality was 95% in the case of one day old female treated with the isolate B. bassiana ( MARD66 ) while the percentages were 55 , 7.5% in the case of 4 , 7 days old female respectively. There is a significant differences in the susceptibility of female in different age when treated with the isolate and the percentage of mortality was 95% in one day old female treated with the isolate B. bassiana ( MARD66 ) while the percentages were 55 , 7.5% in 4 , 7 days old female respectively. All isolates recorded high percentages of mortality in the last instar larvae of insect and prevent this larval stage from develop to diapose stage.

Cadmium sulfide (CdS) films were prepared by electron beam evaporation on glass substrates at room-temperature, doped with indium (In) and annealing at different temperatures for two hours under vacuum. Structural and electrical properties were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), d.c. conductivity and Hall effect. XRD shows transformation of CdS into CdxInxS. The conductivity of CdS at 300 K was found to be 0.288 and 0.215 (Ω.cm)-1 corresponding to the thickness 0.5 and 1 μm. The conductivity of 1 μm thickness of CdS doped with indium and heat treatment at 473, 523, 573 and 623 K were 12.18, 3.32, 2.74 and 2.82 (Ω.cm)-1 respectively. The activation energy was 0.24, 0.3, 0.63 and 0.52 eV for the same temperature ranges. The results show that possibility to fabricate high quality films of CdxInxS by thermal diffusion doping.

Mastitis continues to be one of the economically most important diseases in dairy farming. The present study conducted to investigate the clinical mastitis at cow and quarter level based on clinical signs and direct / indirect tests for subclinical mastitis in dairy cows in different area of Diyala Province, from November 2013 to April 2014. The total number of samples is 100 from 25 dairy cows. These samples is tested to physical and chemical examination, as well as Somatic cell count (SCC) and bacteriological examination. Eight (32%) of twenty five cows suffered abnormalities in consistency of milk in which clot, straw color, redness and non-symmetrical quarter of udder.Whenever, 68% of cows passing subclinical mastitis. The result show significant difference at (p<0.05) represented by AMT (88%), WST (85%), chloride test (100%), increased pH (80%) and (97%) SCC. Total number of bacteria species isolated from infected cow by clinical and sub clinical mastitis were 40 isolate caused by gram positive &19 caused by gram negative as follows, Staphylococcus aureus (80.0%) Coagulase negative Stapylococci (20.0%); Pseudomonas areaginosa (26.31%); Pasteurella Spp.(15.79%) , Escherichia coli (15.79 %); Klebsiella Spp.(15.79%) ;Salmonella Spp(15.79%) and Proteus Spp.(10.52%). The study show high prevalence of subclinical mastitis among dairy cattle raised in small private farms at Diyala Province districts.

Geographical Information Systems have recently become important advanced means of dealing with data in various scientific studies ,most importantly the hydrological studies .This is because these systems offer meticulous mechanical methods of analyzing location data and connect them with descriptive data helping as in studying the morphometric features of water drain nets by using advanced mechanisms and building a data base with morphometric variables based on advanced data sources such as satellite images and digital elevation models(DEM) ,by which location analyses can be conducted to arrive at varied, quick and precise results, compared to traditional methods .These location information systems ,which follow means of measurement ,analysis and interpretation, can help predict the locations of water basins and offer suggestions and solutions that can enhance future development plans .The morphometric features are generally considered quantitative geomorphological features .These are analytic methods that tackle the phenomena of earth surface by using data collected from contour maps, air images ,satellite images and field studies such as DEM .The analysis of the morphometric features to construct a location data base for Badra Galal valley and to draw the water drain system for the basin as a natural morphometric phenomenon plays a role to determine the use of earth in the water collection process, to benefit from it during the times of dryness; it can also be used to construct a sinking dam in the valley stream and preserve the waters for the purposes of processing the sediments moving through the valley stream and their effect on the sinking dam ,as well as studying the water drain levels during the rainstorms of the wet season.

Breast cancer is the most common tumor among women worldwide. However, there is large geographical variation in its incidence. A retrospective case-control study was conducted at breast cancer unit of Wasit Governorate in Al-Zahraa Teaching Hospital, to detect the socio-demographic characteristics, incidence rate and mortality rate of females’ patients with malignant breast cancer. The highest percentage of breast cancer patients was in Kut City (69.04%), while the lowest percentage of breast cancer patients was in Dijaly City and Shaikh-Saad City (2.38%). According to age group of breast cancer patients, the highest percentage was (47.61%) in age group 41-50 while the lowest percentage of breast cancer patients was (2.38%) in age group 21-30 and 81-90 respectively. The highest percentage of breast cancer was in urban area (78.57%), while in rural area the percentage was (21.42%) of Wasit population. In general the incidence rate was (15.98%) and mortality rate was (40.47%). The mean of age groups is 51.42, Standard Deviation is 12.41, Minimum age group 28 years and Maximum age group 80 years. The normal distribution of breast cancer patients’ age showed the highest frequencies of breast cancer were detected between 40-60 age years; there is no infection with breast cancer under 20 years old. The mean of age groups is 51.42, Standard Deviation is 12.41, Minimum age group 28 years and Maximum age group 80 years. The conclusion is the majority of breast cancer patients were in Kut city. The recommendation is the need to hold periodic medical examination for early detection of breast cancer.

The aim of this research is the synthesis of new heterocyclic derivatives containing 4-oxo-thiazolidines, tetrazol or oxoazetidin ring from oxindole. To obtain these derivatives, oxindole [1] was chosen as the starting material to synthesize -chloro-N-oxindole acetamide [2] which was prepared by two methods. The first method by direct condensation of oxindole with chloroacetylchloride in presence of triethylamine and absolute ethanol as solvent. The second method by reaction of chloroacetylchloride with sodium salt of oxindole. Treatment of -chloro-N-oxindole acetamide [2] with hydrazine hydrate gave -hydrazino-N-(oxindole)acetamide [3] which is the desired chiron. Compound [3] was reacted with different aromatic aldehydes which gave the corresponding Schiff base derivatives [4a-d]. 4-Oxothiazolidines [5a-d], tetrazole [6a-d] and 2-oxoazetidine [7a-d], were obtained from cyclization of Schiff base derivatives [4a-d] using mercaptoacetic acid, sodium azide and chloroacetylchloride respectively. The synthesized compounds were characterized by spectral methods FTIR, 1H-NMR,and 13C-NMR . Biological activities of prepared compounds were tested against three types of bacteria, which showed promising antibacterial activity of 4-oxothiazolidines [5a, b] and tetrazole [6b].

n this paper, the percentage of chromosomal aberrations, micronuclei and mitotic index were measured in mice bone marrow as a method for assessing the ability of Omnipaque 350 to increase chromosomal aberrations, micronuclei and reduce mitotic index with or without X-ray. Laboratory mice were used for this purpose and divided into two groups: control groups and treated groups. Control groups consist of three groups, two are negative groups (the first received 0.25 ml of distilled water and the second was irradiated by three doses of 60 KeV) while the last one is positive group which was treated with 0.25ml of Omnipaque only for 24 hour. The treated groups are treated with Omnipaque and X-ray together but in different times by injection Omnipaque before, after and between two radiations. Experimental data was analyzed. The results demonstrated that Omnipaque alone has the ability to increase chromosomal aberrations, micronucleus and reduce mitotic index significantly (P<0.05).

Let R be a 2-torsion free prime ring, d be a derivation of R and T be a non zero right centralizer of R. In the present paper, we investigate the commutativity of R admitting derivation d and right centralizer T satisfying any of the following properties, for all x, y ∈R:
(i) T([x, y]) ± [T(x), T(y)]) = 0,
(ii) T([x, y]) ± [d(x), d(y)]) = 0,
(iii)T([x, y]) + [d(x), T(y)]) = 0,
(iv) d ([x, y]) ± T([x, y]) = 0,
(v) d ([x, y]) + [d(x), T(y)] = 0.

Purpose prolotherpy is local injection of the affected joint with 5% Dextrose water (suger based solution) to the peri and intra tempromandibular joint( Disc,Ligaments,tendons) to treate the TMJ painfull clicking and chronic dislocation as conservative treatment
Method:We have selected forty nine patient ,twenty nine of them suffering from painful clicking,and twenty suffering from chronic dislocation , So we started our treatment by giving them 3-5 local injection to the TMJ area, 7-10 days interval between each session with 8 months follow up.
Results:The Dextrose injection stimulate formation new collagen fiber , These fibers appear much the same as normal tissue, except that they are thicker and stronger than normal tissue up to 40% this lead to lax tissue (capsule and the ligament) that will become stronger and repair the damage that will occur in these structures also it stimulate present cells and tissues to re-growth and rehabilitation of an important structure such as ligament, cartilage & tendon of the weakened area, it's found that deposition of new collagen as it matures. The Dextrose injection 1- shrinkage the collagen fiber 2-tightens the ligament and tendons 3- strong it.
Conclusion: The Dextrose injection formation of new collagen and strengthen and repair of the presented structures in the joint(tendon,ligament, disc and capsule) lead to disappear of the clicking and limit movement of the TMJ more for ward and prevent dislocation.

The buildup factor of cylindrical samples (shields) for High Density Poly Ethylene, High Density Poly Ethylene with lead (HDPE+ Pb) was studied, where the buildup factor calculated using thickness between (0-3) m.f.p. Cs137 sources (Eγ=0.662 MeV) have been used together with scintillation detector NaI(Tℓ) (2.5 x 2.5).These calculations show that the results of (HDPE +Pb) give buildup factor lower than that of (HDPE) as expected due to the addition of lead.

The principal hormones of thyroid gland are thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). The current study was carried out to investigate the effect of age, gender of Thyroxine (T4), Triiodothyronine (T3) and Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) in normal healthy individuals were measure in healthy subject. Methods: Serum levels of T4, T3 and TSH in 534 normal healthy individuals belonging to different districts to Wasit Province, of deferent parts to the city center alkarama and al Zahra AL-Hai AL-Aziziya AL-Nomania Wasit, Iraq, were examined. Serum T4 , T3 and TSH were analyzed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELIZA) method). Results: Levels of T4, T3 and TSH ranged from61 to 051 ηmol/L, 0.6 to 3.1 ηmol/L and 0.3–4.8 μIU/L respectively. The levels of T4 hormones show significant change from the reference values were the other hormones T3 and TSH show slightly changes but not significant that are used in clinical laboratories depend by WHO Conclusion:, It is concluded that the age, gender, all have an appreciable effect on the levels T4, T3 and TSH hormones.

Polyaniline (PANI) and PANI/TiO2 nanocomposite thin films were prepared by microwave plasma. The TiO2 powder of average particle size of 50 nm was used to prepare PANI/TiO2 nanocomposite thin films. The PANI/TiO2 nanocomposite thin films prepared by polymerization in plasma and characterized by UV-VIS, FTIR, AFM and SEM to study the effect of titanium oxide nanoparticles on the optical properties, morphology and structure of the thin films. The optical properties studies showed that the optical energy band gap of the PANI/TiO2 decreased systematically from 3.58 eV to 3.38 eV with increasing TiO2 nanoparticles concentration from 1 to 5 wt%. The FTIR measurement showed a shifting in the FTIR absorption peaks with TiO2 concentration. AFM and SEM images indicated a uniform distribution of the TiO2 nanoparticles in the PANI matrix. It can be concluded that PANI/TiO2 nanocomposite thin films with controlled optical energy band gap can be prepared by microwave plasma technique.

The purpose of this thesis is to split the projective plane of PG (2,9) into seven disjoint projective subplanes PG (2,3) and thirteen disjoint complete arcs of degree two and size seven. The projective line of order twenty-seven PG (1,27) has been partitioned into seven disjoint projective sublines PG (1,3) and the number of inequivalent -sets which are unordered sets of four points is classified. The group action on projective lines PG (1,3n) and projective PG (1,3n), n = 1, 2, 3 planes is explained and we have introduced theorems and examples and the subspaces of PG (1,3n) and PG (2,3n), n = 1, 2, 3 are shown. Each of these partitions gives rise to an error-correcting code that corrects the maximum possible number of errors for its length. GAP-Groups–Algorithms, Programming a system for computational discrete algebra has been applied.

Background: Acute appendicitis is the most common surgical abdominal emergency. The diagnosis is suspected and performed primarily on the basis of clinical findings. Sometimes presentation is so difficult that even the most experienced surgeon may miss the diagnosis. Lack of early diagnosis results in perforation and its complications. Although ultrasound is frequently used to diagnose acute appendicitis, the accuracy of this imaging test remains unclear because of a great variability in the reported performance. Aim of the study: to evaluate the benefit of ultrasonic in diagnosis for acute appendicitis patients and methods: Between Jan. 2014 and Jan. 2015, we collected 91 patients (male 56, 61.54%, female 35, 38.46%) their ages range from 7 to 50 years with clinical diagnosis of acute appendicitis they were sent to ultrasonic studying in radiological department to confirm diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Results: Ultrasonic study was performed for a total 91 patients, in 59 patients was positive (64.84%), 39 was male & 20 was female, 32 patients was negative (35.16%), 17 patients were males & 15 patients were females (ultrasonic diagnosis of appendicitis). Sensitivity was 76.39%, specificity was 78.95%. Accuracy rate was 76.92%, the positive predictive value was 93.22% & negative predictive value was 46.87%.
Conclusion: Ultrasonic imaging can be performed before surgery for suspected acute appendicitis. Ultrasonic study is non-invasive, cheep, technical can repeated without harm to the patient and available even at bed, especially when surgeon is well-trained to do it.