AL-ADAB JOURNAL

Sinan Antoon’s The Corpse Washer narrates Iraq’s political, social, and disastrous events taking place in the last thirty years and concludes by castigating wars and the American invasion of Iraq and their repercussions. There has been a growing body of research and criticism about it, inspired by the novel’s title that overshadows many of its objective observations and aesthetic implications. The work elucidates vital themes and poses important topics; among these exist two pertinent problems:the Iraqi blurred contemporary history and its daunting developments. This paper explores these as described and elaborated by the novelist. Sinan Antoon, the paper further argues, offers a plausible interpretation of the recent history of Iraq and synthesizes exuberant reflections, information, and analyses to provide an account that stands against neo-Orientalist discourse propagated in America and across Europe. It begins with the Iran-Iraq War, ends openly with the American occupation, centers on real events, dates, and places, and addresses social, economic, political, and religious parameters fluctuated by wars, sanctions, sectarianism, and belligerence. These details and criticisms echo scholars and pundits who reach similar vitriol Antoon avers. Noam Chomsky, Eric Alterman, and Hal Brands among others point to the sociopolitical ordeals the United States has brought to Iraq. The writer fictionalizes what has been occurring by relying on poetic language and other literary devices. These Antoon(ian) stylistics and historicization of the paper are scrutinized through three sections. After introducing the novelist and the main elements of the work, the second section traces the writer’s thoughts about “Iraqis” in the past; while the third section detects what befalls “Iraqis” in the present.

This study presents a phono-pragmatic analysis of the argumentative strategies of assertiveness and rhetorical questioning in selected English and Arabic election speeches. Assertiveness is a strategy used to convey conviction and determination to the discourse. Rhetorical questioning is a strategy that is not used to elicit an answer, but to bring a problem to the minds of people and to make them think of it. To convey such meanings prosodically, politicians use a set of prosodic maxims with these strategies. This research aims at investigating the contribution of prosodic features and maxims to the transfer of the pragmatic meanings associated with these strategies. It also examines the universality of these argumentative strategies and their prosodic maxims. It is hypothesized that there is a correlation between the prosodic maxims and the argumentative strategies under investigation, and that they are universal in the English and Arabic election speeches. To test the validity of this study hypotheses, two TV shows are selected which are: the English TV show Ohio U.S. Senate Debate, which is broadcasted on the American NBC4 channel, and the Arabic one The Opposite Direction, which is broadcasted on Al-Jazeera Channel. To analyze the selected data, synthesis of Braga and Marques’ (2004) phono-pragmatic model and Wennerstrom’s (2001) discoursal functions of intonation model are adopted. This research concludes that there is a correlation between the prosodic maxims and argumentative strategies,in that they are used universally, and some variables of each prosodic maxim are more frequently used than others.

From first sight, the relation between the morphological units, i.e., affixes, and sentence comprehension seems to be remote, yet deep scrutiny reveals that the relation is quite close as these units, in addition to other factors, have a crucial role in determining word meanings and consequently sentence meanings. This paper investigates this role and highlights the impact of the affixes on EFL students' sentence comprehension. A test has been conducted on (29) BA students randomly chosen for the test using Google Forms. Each student is required to answer (15) items. Each item contains a word with an affix. Based on students' responses, where one - third of their responses were erroneous, the study concludes that suffixes harm students' sentence comprehension, which indicates students' unawareness of the importance and contribution of these suffixes in the construction of sentence meaning. As far as prefixes and their role in students' sentence comprehension are concerned, it has been clear that they have less impact on sentence comprehension as their meanings are relatively predictable standing for prepositions or negation, unlike the suffixes that have numerous flexible meaning facets.

Cette recherche explore les intrications et les échanges culturels entre les langues arabe et française, en mettant l'accent sur les références culturelles qui se manifestent dans divers domaines tels que la langue, la littérature, le cinéma, la musique et l'éducation. À travers une analyse de contenu approfondie, nous avons examiné comment ces deux cultures se reflètent et s'influencent mutuellement, créant ainsi des ponts interculturels tout en mettant en lumière les défis liés à la traduction, à l'interprétation et à la représentation. Les résultats révèlent que, bien que ces échanges culturels puissent contribuer à une meilleure compréhension mutuelle et à la célébration de la diversité, ils peuvent également perpétuer certains stéréotypes si l'on n'y prête pas attention. Cette étude souligne l'importance d'une approche critique et éclairée dans l'interaction avec les références culturelles, et plaide pour des initiatives éducatives et des programmes d'échanges qui favorisent une appréciation authentique et nuancée des deux cultures.

The city of Kirkuk is full of many writers and poets who have written masterpieces of Turkmen literature, which remain as beautiful celebrated poems that people pass down from generation to generation. The Iraqi Turkmen poet Ali Yagmur Oglu is at the forefront of Kirkuk and Iraqi poets, whose poetry flows with national enthusiasm and broad artistic creativity, characterized by easy performance free of deviation and complexity. His poems fall on paper lines like rain, overflowing with patriotism and love for his Turkmen people. It is a bouquet of roses extending from Tal Afar to Mandali, and from Bosnia to Chechnya. Ali Yagmur Oglu, the poet who grew up and was raised among his Turkmen people, was reluctantly forced to live far from his homeland; his poems overflow with love for his homeland. Yagmur Oglu often wrote elegies with patriotic feelings, expressing his pain, distress, and cries. The poems of this poet have a purposeful patriotic approach that occupies a large space in his writings. These poems were born from Yagmur Oglu's thoughts and his view of the bitter reality experienced by his people who struggled for freedom and independence. In this research, after discussing the poet's life, literary personality, and works, the researcher tried to reveal the suffering of alienation and love of the homeland in the poet's poems.

Since the wake of a postcolonial era in Africa, philosophers have unceasingly reflected on political ideas that can serve as harbingers for social transformation and development in Africa; from socialism, Marxism, welfarism, Pan-Africanism, and Ubuntuism, to humanism. Odera Oruka is one of the foremost African philosophers whose thoughts on humanism and philosophy, though less known and controverted, entail some strategic directions for addressing the challenges of development in Africa. This paper seeks to interrogate Oruka’s understanding of humanism and philosophy in Africa to explore its functional relation to the question of development. Oruka conceives humanism as the ultimate moral standard, which involves the quality and security of human life. Bemoaning the obscene disregard for humanism in Africa, Oruka hypothesizes a critical and dialectical philosophy as an antidote to what he called ARID (African Republic of Inhumanity and Death). Notwithstanding the fertile points in Oruka’s thought, arguments are raised in this paper that humanism is a concept with diverse interpretations, which do not fit into one formula as Oruka depicts. Beyond Oruka’s discourse on philosophy and humanism in Africa (as opposed to African philosophy and African humanism), this paper discusses the view that sees African humanism as the defining element of the Africaness of African philosophy. It consequently defends the position that African humanism can serve as a positive ideological springboard for sustainable development in Africa.

This research deals with one of the topics related to the methods followed by the owners of dictionaries in explaining linguistic entries, including Al-Bayhaqi in his book (Yanabi’ Al-Lugha). The methods of explaining the linguistic material that appeared in his book tried to study and direct them and provide examples for each method, noting that Al-Bayhaqi did not mention these methods explicitly. Still, rather we learned about them from the context of explaining the linguistic material. Accordingly, the research came under the title (Methods of explaining the linguistic material according to Al-Bayhaqi (544 AH) in his book Yanabi’ Al-Lugha).
Since Arabic dictionaries are different in their methods of explaining linguistic material, both in the past and in the present, and also differ in the arrangement of their words, their classification, and the method of controlling their entries, Their methods are many and varied, and each dictionary has its own approach that differs from others in choosing a method of explaining the linguistic material in it; Therefore, it is important to clarify what Al-Bayhaqi uniquely stated and what those who preceded him among the authors of dictionaries followed in explaining the linguistic material and clarifying its meaning according to a method based on studying and analyzing each of the methods mentioned in his book.

The research studied some of the meters that the Arabic language shares with its fellow Semitic languages, showing the changes that occur in these meters as a result of the addition to their origin, examining their significance in Arabic and its sisters, highlighting the scarcity and abundance of use in it, presenting the opinions of Arab researchers and orientalists who They gave their opinion in this field, revealing that some of them differed from each other in some places, supporting some opinions, criticizing others, drawing on different sources, and dividing them into various paragraphs, beginning with the definition of the Semitic languages. He passes through its،original place and then its divisions, and goes back to the knowledge of the first Arab scholars about some of them, and discusses in detail the meters that are its main subject, dividing them into five types between abstract and more, and concluding with a set of results that he reached.

This research aims to shed light on the impact of linguistic prohibitions and speech disorders on humans by studying Jean Dost’s novels in the light of psycholinguistics. Speech prohibitions and linguistic disorders have an impact on human behavior, whether on the external, motor and physical level or on the internal level (feelings and sensations). These prohibitions are in the process of communication and delivering the message, and what can be clarified in communication and explained despite the presence of the obstacle of prohibitions in conveying the complete message. Communication does not depend on language alone, but on other matters that contribute to the process of building trust between the two parties of communication (sender/receiver) and thus the success of the communication process. If there are prohibitions or disturbances in speech, the communication process needs careful review and consideration in order to reach a goal. The message clearly.

The research aims at investigating the criterion of Coherence in the book (On the bridge between life and death) by Dr. A’aisha Abul Rahman (Bint al shati) within the from work of textual linguistic so that to reach the deep structure of the text and to know the level of textual Coherence in it by examining the techniques of coherence represented by the semantics relations ,matisation , the overall structure or the discourse them. The reached a conclusion that the semantic reactions play an important role in connecting the parts of the text and clarifying it’s semantic structure. The connection between the main title and the subtitle of the chapters from one hand and the principle of text coherence. Repetition, as being a technique of coherence also manifested the essential characters in the text by either direct mentioning of the name or repeating it by it’s pronoun. As for the overall structure or the subject theme ,the research disclosed two main axles in which the text was based; the first is that science became an obsession to bint al-shatti and her various confrontations on that way; the second is the influence which Ameen Al-khouli had left on her life.

The relationship between the text to the drawing is a very old one, its roots extending throughout the ages through the diversity of its characteristics and the styles of its artists, regardless of their tools. Different people and civilizations adopted drawing to express their ideas, lives, achievements, beliefs, and even their journey after death. Children's story writers invested in this relationship in their writing of children's books from the beginning of the printing era until the modern era. The interaction between the linguistic text and the visual discourse appeared in their books in a different and a disparate patterns. Some books follow a method in which the drawings and words tell the same story, by translating the descriptions, colors and shapes provided by the text visually as it is through the executed drawings. Some of them include interaction in the form in which drawings amplify the meanings of words, giving them an artistic or philosophical dimension, a feeling, an impression, or a reference to an idea. Contradictory interaction has also appeared in some books, in which there appears to be a contradiction between words and drawings. The drawings do not represent the words nor vice versa. This is an ambiguity that poses a challenge to the recipient in understanding the connection between the words and the drawings and vice versa. This study seeks to reveal these different forms of the relationship, by providing a historical look at the development of children’s book production from ancient times until the modern era, in addition to explaining the patterns and forms of that interaction by applying it to different models, using the descriptive and analytical approach.

This research highlight the importance of historical, and ancient areas with heritage value, as the cities of the world in general and these areas in particular face great and ongoing challenges due to many factors, such as globalization, population explosion, conflict, wars and other human and natural impacts, which requires their preservation and protection through documentation. Documentation is the first step in protecting these areas, especially with the development of equipment and technologies. There has become an urgent need to integrate heritage within the specificity of the current stage, which is expressed in the digital age. Accordingly, the research problem tackles the lack of knowledge about the role played by digital documentation of areas with important heritage. This research will summarize the concept of heritage, the components of heritage at an urban level, the challenges facing heritage, clarify the nature of technologies, documentation techniques, and the concept of urban digital documentation, and then classify documentation according to purpose, technology, and implementing agency while clarifying international experience. For each type, and based on these classifications, the research presented results represented by the diverse and different role of the digital documentation process, and this is due to the diversity of the entity that performs the documentation and the technology used. Thus, the diversity of roles contributes to protecting and preserving heritage first and ensuring its sustainability for subsequent generations and people’s access to it.

The thesis of hermeneutical reason is of fundamental importance in the overall preoccupations of the French philosopher Jean Greisch, as the various axes of his work on the religious issue are organized according to it in the context of his attempt to establish the field of philosophy of religion in an era of complete nihilism. The truth is that this thesis is the result of the work of a number of philosophers belonging to the hermeneutical phenomenological trend in the contemporary era, and whose works are necessary stepping stones towards enabling the systematic establishment of the hermeneutical mind. From this perspective, Greisch is credited with his explicit formulation of the term (the era of hermeneutical reason), and his tireless work to integrate these various works into the context of an innovative vision that suits the requirements of philosophy in its current era.
This research aims to present a philosophical approach to the hermeneutic mind thesis proposed by Greisch, in terms of describing its historical conditions: that is, Its relationship to the phenomenon of secularization and the processes of dismantling the mythical vision in the human sciences, and its direct connection to suspicious tendencies in the philosophical field. In addition to that, an analysis of its basic foundations and theoretical scheme, which the philosopher worked hard to establish in a number of his late works. This entails following the historical transformations and decisive turning points that phenomenology, hermeneutics, and philosophical anthropology alike went through, up to the moment when it was possible to cultivate the interpretive act within phenomenological intuition.

The current research addressed an important concept: the perceived psychological pressure among female students of distinguished schools in the preparatory stage in Baghdad Governorate. The first goal of the study was to measure the perceived psychological pressure among female students of distinguished schools in the preparatory stage, and the second goal was to identify the significance of the differences in perceived psychological pressure according to the academic grade. To achieve these goals, the researcher adopted and used the scale designed by Levenstein and others in 1993 to measure the pressure perception index, which includes (30) paragraphs. The alternatives were four: (almost - sometimes - often - usually). The scale was then applied to the research sample, which consisted of (100) female students from distinguished schools in the First Karkh Education Directorate in the capital, Baghdad, using the stratified random method. After using statistical methods on the above data, the results showed that their average scores on the scale reached (76.83) degrees, with a standard deviation of (12.86) degrees. When balancing this average with the hypothetical average of the scale, which amounted to (75) degrees, and using the t-test for a single sample, it was found that the difference is not statistically significant, as the calculated T-value was less than the tabular T-value of (1.96) with a degree of freedom (99) and a significance level of (0.05), as this result indicates that distinguished female students in the preparatory stage have an average level of perceived psychological stress and are not present at a high level. As for the variable of the academic grade between the fourth and fifth grades, it was found that there is a difference in pressure in favor of fourth-grade students, meaning that fourth-grade students have a higher percentage of perceived stress than fifth-grade students. The research concluded with a set of recommendations, including paying attention to the segment of distinguished school students, as they are at the forefront of our creative students, providing guidance centers for them in the directorates, and not limiting the role of the educational counselor in the school only, because their psychological need is broader than their peers in regular schools. Among the research proposals are to conduct the same study but on the intermediate stage of distinguished schools, and to conduct the same study on distinguished school students (males).

Wind erosion modeling is one of the important topics because it affects the environment according to the information revolution and digital technologies that the world is witnessing, leaving the field in a vision that mimics reality to reveal the behavior of the effect of wind on drawing landforms, and this reflects an image in the form of a cartographic (effective map) to reveal the effect of wind on the environment in The area is considered one of the fertile areas for agricultural production, so it was important to build models of wind erosion for the area.
The area of the study area was 17,617 km2. The differences in the rate of wind erosion between the years (2010-2023) in the region was measured through mathematical equations, building digital models, and using several indicators based on modern remote sensing. It became clear that the area of barren lands in the year 2010 was 6,808 km2, and in the year 2023 it increased. The area reached 8,802 km2. The wind erosion index for the year 2010 was 3,989 km2, and its area increased in 2023, reaching 5,809 km2. This difference in proportions is due to several reasons.

This research aims to determine the beginning, end, and duration of the growing season for fruit trees in Iraq using statistical methods. Subsequently, spatial and temporal variance analysis will be conducted on the duration of the growing season according to the different regions of Iraq. This will help identify the most suitable areas for fruit tree cultivation based on the growing season.
The researcher utilized quantitative and statistical methods to determine the growing season and its duration. The most effective method identified in this field was the use of a third-degree polynomial function to achieve the desired results of this study after establishing the lower and upper thresholds for growth for each crop among the fruit crops under investigation. Climatic data was collected for daily minimum and maximum temperatures from seven meteorological stations distributed across Iraq's regions for 42 years from 1980 to 2022. The results revealed a clear spatial variation in the number of days of the growing season for palm trees. Sulaymaniyah in northeastern Iraq exhibited the highest total number of days per year at 204 days, while Mosul had the lowest number of days at 149 days per year. Regarding citrus fruits, the wettest station in western Iraq had the highest total number of days for the growing season at 182 days per year, with the lowest number of days observed in the southern region of Iraq at 105 days per year. While the total number of days for the grapevine growth season was the highest in Sulaymaniyah at 158 days per year, the lowest total number of days was recorded in Mosul at 112 days per year. As for pomegranate trees, Sulaymaniyah also had the highest total number of days for the growth season at 159 days per year, while the lowest was observed in both Mosul and Baghdad at 103 days per year for each. In conclusion, it is found that daily minimum and maximum temperatures are among the most crucial climatic elements in determining the growing season and its duration. By examining the variation in daily temperatures across different regions of Iraq, a clear disparity in the number of days of the growing season has been revealed. Through this variation, the areas that are suitable and most suitable for cultivating fruit trees based on the growing season can be identified.

The research aims to know the impact of climate change on some field crops, namely (wheat - rice - yellow corn - barley), by identifying the most important changes that affected the area, yield and productivity of each crop, as these crops are affected by the changes that occur in the climatic elements, whether Negative or positive, which is reflected in their numbers and productivity. Data on climate factors (solar brightness - temperatures - winds - air humidity -rain- evaporation) were divided into climate cycles, each cycle representing ten years.
The research reached a number of results, including the presence of an increase and decrease between the area, yield and production of crops. The cycle between (1971-1981) and (1982-1992) witnessed the area planted with wheat reaching (-4%) and the yield (-20%), while production (603.3%, and the cycle between (1971-1981) and (1982-1992) witnessed a percentage of (65%) in the area planted with barley and yield (-9%), while production (53%). As for the cycle between (1982-1992) -(1993-2004) The cultivated area recorded a rate of (-44%), yields (5%), and production (-58%), while in the cycle between (1993-2003) -(2004-2022), the area recorded a rate of (-63%) %) and yield (132%) while production by (-21%).

Take up the research is in the direction of change in Minimum, maximum, and average temperature in Iraq for selected climate stations (Mosul, Kirkuk, Baghdad, Rutba, and Basra) For a period of 72 years, between 1950-2021 AD, in which complete temperature data were obtained, and the most prominent results were the clear increase in temperatures as we progressed in time according to the Mann-Kendall regression slope equation. From through a template Makesens- Excel To estimate trends in time series , which was positive in 99% of the months of the year, and it was Parameter results The change in the slope of the slope for the study stations for minimum temperatures is greater than for maximum temperatures, except for the Basra station, and this is consistent with the values of global change, and the Basra station recorded the highest rates of change .At minimum, maximum and average temperatures Increasingly, with strong statistical significance, especially in the summer months, the lowest rates of change were recorded at Baghdad station The results of this research were consistent with the research of other researchers regarding the change in temperature of the stations studied in Iraq.

The municipality of Karrada witnessed changes in the residential land uses, not only on its main streets, but also on the secondary ones. The way of this change initially began as a process of penetration of the commercial activities and then it gradually increased. As the population increases, it results in a redistribution of land uses to be consistent with the new approach to population requirements in terms of quantity and quality. The aim of the study was to identify the indicators and factors that led to the reduction of the population balance in the Karrada municipality by identifying the pattern of change and the reasons that helped to change it in the neighborhoods of the study area. The study showed that there was a change in most of the residential uses in the main and secondary streets, which affected the reduction of the residential use in the residential neighborhoods.

Natural factors, including climate, clearly impact the industries in the marginal areas of Baghdad Governorate, as their impact varies from industry to industry. The climate is considered one of the important and influential factors in choosing the industrial location and its impact on the industry due to its elements, including temperature. High temperatures contribute to the revitalization of food industries, such as beverages and juices, during summer. In contrast, the production of other industries, such as ice production decreases in winter. This has a clear impact on the choice of the type of industry about the direction of the winds, as they have an effect on carrying pollutants coming from factories, including asphalt and construction industries such as brick production. The geological structure has a clear impact on the localization of industrial facilities, which is linked to the slope ratio of the land, its ruggedness, and the provision of services such as infrastructure services. As for the human factors and their impact on the industries in the study area, it has been revealed that the study area has a human base that can be trained and qualified to be utilized and prepared to work in industrial facilities. This is concurrent with the increase in the population in Baghdad and the government's direction in selecting the marginal areas of Baghdad Governorate to accommodate the population increase from the city center and to transfer and relocate industries to those areas, which will become an economic and industrial hub attracting future investments. It is concluded that Baghdad Governorate is characterized by several factors that have played a role in the localization of industries in the study area. Among the most important of these natural factors is the geographical location in the middle of Iraq, and the suitable climate for various industries, which indirectly contributes to their attraction and impact on the industry. The role of the climate in the rise of temperatures in summer, reaching around (50°) degrees Celsius in August, has led to the attraction of certain industries, including food and beverage industries such as soft drinks, juices, ice production, and water bottling, which are localized in Madain District. Human resources are represented by the availability of an active population base that can be utilized to work in various industries, provided that they are trained and prepared to suit the nature of their assigned work. Regarding economic factors, land prices are considered encouraging factors for industrial localization, as well as the availability of raw materials and their market in attracting industries. Any disruption in these natural, human, and economic factors affects, the growth and development of industries in the study area

This study deals with the human characteristics that affect the process of splitting residential units in the municipality of Al-Rasheed, as the phenomenon of splitting residential units is one of the most important urban phenomena that have appeared in the recent period in Baghdad in general, and the study area in particular, as it is one of the reasons that led to the splitting of units. The housing crisis is the crisis that the country is going through, the continuous increase in population numbers, and the decline in the level of family income. All of these reasons have led to families in the process of dividing their large-area housing units into small-area housing units and dividing them into more than one housing unit. This process led to pressure on public services and the infrastructure of the housing units, as the housing problem is still one of the most important problems that accompanied the development of the city, and the increase in the population of this area has exceeded the size of the population to solve the housing problem, especially after the government’s inability to solve this problem or absorb it. The process of splitting housing units was accompanied by an increase in land prices, as well as a rise in real estate prices and rental fees, as one of the most important reasons that led families to split their housing units was the increase in population numbers and the increase in the migration factor from the countryside to the city.
The study reached several conclusions and recommendations, including that one of the most important factors that led families to divide their housing units is the economic factor, represented by the low level of family income, and the social factor, which is represented by the marriage of one of the children and their dividing their housing units.

There is a necessity in establishing new cities in the continuous development of countries and population increase processes for two basic reasons:
- First: To relieve population congestion and reduce the burden on all services, which have become of poor quality in the mother city and have led to the creation of multiple problems.
-Second: Working to implement modern and creative ideas that start from scratch and that cannot be achieved in the Main city because they may have traditional characteristics and features that are difficult to change. Therefore, it is necessary to create new cities in order to develop and introduce innovative ideas with the characteristics of artificial intelligence.
"Therefore, in both cases, it is necessary to establish new cities with entirely different characteristics and standards from the main cities, not only in terms of design and planning but also in legal aspects that enforce strict regulations on everyone regarding the preservation of public properties, land use, and preventing encroachments across various sectors at the expense of others. Anyone who violates these laws should be penalized. These new cities can contribute to a more balanced distribution of resources in the country by allocating new strategic locations for the exploitation of natural resources or for developing new economic sectors. They will adopt modern technologies and smart solutions in delivering public services and managing resources efficiently, thus promoting innovation, development, and the application of sustainable development principles. After identifying the key planning criteria for the optimal spatial location of the new cities and comparing them with the proposed locations of the new cities in Al-Muthanna Governorate using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), it was found that the highest importance in terms of location is attributed to the new city of Al-Salman. This is due to its population capacity (size) of 96,000 people, the availability of a suitable economic base, the presence of surrounding towns and districts providing space for future expansions around the city, soil quality, and proximity to reliable water sources."

The study aimed to investigate the types of psychological support interventions commonly used for people with disabilities and their families in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). It sought to determine the effectiveness of these psychological support interventions on the well-being and quality of life of people with disabilities in the UAE. Additionally, the study examined the impact of psychological support interventions and provided recommendations to enhance these interventions for people with disabilities and their families in the country.
To achieve the research objectives, a descriptive analytical approach was employed. A field study was conducted through surveys of families with people with disabilities in the UAE. A purposive non-probability sample of 40 parentes was selected from disability centers in the Ministry of Community Development and Sharjah City for Humanitarian Services.
The study results indicated a high degree of utilization of various types of psychological support interventions for people with disabilities and their families in the UAE. This suggests the presence of numerous psychological support interventions, including psychological, social, training, educational, and others, offered to families supporting people with disabilities in the UAE. The interventions involve providing financial and human resources to develop psychological and social support programs, supporting the rights of people with disabilities and their families.
The study found that these interventions have a significant positive impact on the overall well-being and quality of life of families. In conclusion, the study proposed several recommendations, including providing necessary financial support to parents to meet the high costs associated with caring for their disabled children, offering essential psychological support to families of people with disabilities, providing needed services for the families of disabled students, such as awareness of proper interaction, and reducing the cost of specialized services for people with disabilities in external centers and institutions.

This study aims to identify the extent of the impact and contribution of the family in enhancing the intellectual security of social, cultural, religious, and psychological children, relying on an analytical study that focuses on describing and analyzing the reality of the role of the family and its contribution to the formation of intellectual immunity among children. This study has shown what is intellectual security which is part of the public security system in society . It also deals with the types of intellectual security and the challenges it faces by relying on studies that deal with the subject of intellectual security in its various aspects. The results showed that enhancing intellectual security among children passes through several stages, starting from the stage of prevention and forming through the role of the family in instilling societal, religious, and cultural values from a young age. Then the stage of confrontation with discussion and dialogue that includes arguments and proofs to refute deviant ideas, and finally the stage of treatment and evaluation to correct and evaluate thought and correct it. These stages contribute to the formation of the individual's personality as a personality capable of analysis, criticism, and self-reliance, in front of social change and cultural momentum.

This research addresses the issue of social capital in the Emirati family in the city of Kalba. It aims to identify the emotional support provided by the family, clarifying the nature of this material support provided by the family, identifying indicators of moral exchanges, and identifying the extent to which solidarity interactions take place within the family. And revealing the mechanisms of family communication and networking within the family, while identifying the relationship between the dimensions of the questionnaire and the strength of the social capital of the Emirati family in the city of Kalba.
The research used a questionnaire prepared by the researchers, which consists of 32 indicators covering five dimensions. It achieved high standards of validity and reliability in the psychometric study conducted by the researchers. The research used the quantitative approach, as quantitative data was collected from a sample of 234 citizens of the city of Kalba in the Emirate of Sharjah. The results showed that the sample was distributed proportionately according to the demographic variables of the research, and their response showed a high overall rating of 5.16 on average for the dimensions of the questionnaire. On the items, the averages were between average and high. The results showed high percentages of comfort, trust, and emotional support from the family to its members. On the other hand, the results showed evaluations Medium on the financial support dimension, where the average responses to the dimension items reached 4.66, and on the moral exchanges dimension, the average sample responses on the dimension reached 5.15, which is a high level. The general average reached 5.07 on the solidarity interactions dimension within the Emirati family, and the results showed a high average as well on the communication and networking dimension. The family score reached 5.15, which reflects a high level of communication and networking among family members in the city of Kalba. By studying the relationship between the dimensions of the questionnaire and the total score of the questionnaire, the results showed a strong correlation between all dimensions and the total score of the questionnaire, which highlights the great compatibility among Emirati family members in the city of Kalba. The research recommends that the contribution of social agencies to expand the concept of social capital, work to spread the culture of social capital, work to develop its components through various social means, and exploit all social and national upbringing institutions, in strengthening the components of the family’s social capital.

This research aims to identify the role of the digital school: a gateway to new horizons for developing the teaching profession in the Emirate of Sharjah. The descriptive analytical approach is used, and the study results conclude that the use of technology in education helps improve students’ performance in tests and academic studies, as the digital school can help reduce the educational gap between students with different needs, by providing customized educational experiences. The study recommends the need to prepare programs to prepare and train teachers to acquire the ethics and behaviors of digital citizenship and to employ digital educational resources to increase their awareness of the concepts of the digital school.

This study aims to investigate the expected effects of globalization on cultural standards in the United Arab Emirates society, based on the opinions of a purposive sample of students from the University of Sharjah, totaling 300 students.It employed a descriptive-analytical approach, utilizing social survey method to reach the targeted observation units. Eleven research variables were used, along with several statistical methods to present the results. The study results revealed that concerning the main variable of the study and its three primary themes and sub-items related to the awareness of the sample individuals about the effects of globalization on cultural standards in the United Arab Emirates, there was an increase in awareness levels among most of the study sample. The analytical results of the study indicated differences between citizens and expatriates regarding awareness of the manifestations and effects or changes brought about by the spread of globalization in Emirati society. Unexpectedly, these results favored the expatriates. This is attributed to the fact that the United Arab Emirates, through its respect and promotion of values of tolerance and coexistence has created a unique sense of belonging among expatriates. This has reinforced the sense of belonging and loyalty among both citizens and residents to the extent that residents have become aware of the impact of globalization on the local culture. The study recommended the continued enhancement of the state's practices of coexistence and tolerance as a preventive measure against the negative impact on the nation's partners. The study also provided several suggestions to support the positive effects of globalization and mitigate its negative effects on cultural standards.

The current study aims to identify the impact of negative family upbringing and its relationship with academic achievement among second cycle students in schools in the Emirate of Sharjah, by identifying the negative family upbringing patterns prevailing in the Emirate of Sharjah, and the most important social variables affecting the family upbringing patterns used. In addition to identifying the most negative family upbringing pattern on the academic achievement of children from parents. This study used the descriptive-analytical method to analyze the data, and relied on a purposive sample consisting of (100) male and female students from second cycle schools in the Emirate of Sharjah, and (50) parents. The study used a questionnaire to collect data. One of the most important findings that emerged from the current study is the agreement of the sample members, who represent about half of the sample size, that the ranking of fathers' practices of negative socialization methods from high to low: Cruelty and authoritarianism, oscillation, segregation, rejection and neglect, triggering psychological pain, overprotection, and finally pampering and indulgence. While the results showed that mothers' practices of negative socialization methods were ranked from high to low: Overprotection, ostracism, neglect, oscillation, segregation, cruelty, authoritarianism, overprotection and finally pampering and indulgence, which have a negative relationship with children's academic achievement. The present study came up with the most important recommendations: Agreement in the parenting style between fathers and mothers in a balanced manner would produce a generation that is emotionally, psychologically and educationally balanced. The study also recommends that parents educate themselves on positive parenting techniques by taking advantage of the programs offered by family development institutions and other centers.

This study aims to identify the role of small projects in empowering Emirati women, in the Emirate of Sharjah. It also examines the small projects managed by Emirati women and the role of government and private institutions in supporting these projects. To this end, the qualitative approach was adopted for this study. A total of (32) interviews were conducted with women entrepreneurs who own a small business in Sharjah. These entrepreneurs have a membership in Ruwad Establishment and received support from the foundation. They also have permits from the Municipality to establish their businesses. The findings of the study reveal that most Emirati women business owners confirmed the role of these projects in improving the financial status of the family. From a psychological perspective, the results show that the aim of establishing such projects was to overcome idleness or to gain social status. Moreover, the findings indicate that the economic dimension plans were, mostly, concerned with debt elimination, saving, and rationalizing expenses.