The islamic college university journal

Abstract:-
God Almighty has honored man and made everything in the universe subservient to him in the continuity of human life through the sexual instinct, the indispensable instinct, and a necessity of life. But what has happened recently is the increasing spread of the phenomenon of homosexuality in a wide spread due to intellectual and moral liberation, and the large number of promoters, advocates and defenders of this misguided group who sees the ugly as good and vice versa and which seeks to spread deviant social phenomena and promotes deviant ideas through the control of the negative collective mind. Contemporary man deviates in his vision to the extent that he sees the good as evil and the evil as the known, which is what we are now confronting with all the evils of the era. Homosexuality does not want its perpetrators to be satisfied with practicing it only; not even by giving legal legitimacy to the relations that emanate from and result from them; Rather, they are seeking today to change the natural, normal, humane and sound standards towards this phenomenon by trying to criminalize every aspect of denial and condemn every stance that can be launched in combating this social phenomenon. Sodomy and lesbianism, as the two images and other contemporary images were promoted by giving the official and legal contract to some Western, Arab and even Islamic countries, and accordingly the study of this research aims to identify sexual deviations and their impact on societies, their causes, forms, how to diagnose, deter and treat them.

Abstract:-
This research aims to investigate the escalating impact of fake news and psychological warfare on shaping collective consciousness during hybrid wars (fourth and fifth generations). The study seeks to understand the mechanisms employed by these wars to mislead public opinion and undermine trust in institutions, as well as to identify the role of traditional and new media in disseminating fake news. Additionally, the research aims to propose recommendations to protect societies from these threats.The findings revealed that hybrid wars heavily rely on disseminating fake news and manipulating information to erode trust in institutions and sow discord among the public. The study uncovered the tools and tactics employed in these wars, such as: utilizing social media to amplify and rapidly spread fake news, creating fake accounts to disseminate misleading narratives and tarnish the reputations of individuals and institutions, and exploiting algorithms to direct users towards specific content and divide public opinion.Furthermore, the study demonstrated that both traditional and new media play a crucial role in spreading fake news. Traditional media provides a platform for disseminating this misinformation, while new media accelerates its spread and amplifies its impact.

Abstract:-
he irony of time and place is one of the features that we find in Ibn Linkak’s poetry, as it was influenced by the social environment in which the poet lived, the type of ruling culture and the products of the collective mind, as the suggestive connotation remains its distinguishing feature as a critical discourse created by an expressive ability that filled it with ideas and purposes. different, as it breathed new life into his words, which had connotations contrary to the original.

Abstract:-
The idea of distraction appeared and originated in the arms of al-Mu'tazilites, and, perhaps, the first to speak of it was Ibrahim bin Sayyar al-Nidham al-Mu'tazili, and , from him, this idea spread widely to the scholars and commentators after him from scholars and ,especially his student, al-Jahidh, an then others from the various Islamic schools of thought, including al-Asha'ira and Imami, were influenced by it and from the scholars who wrote books specifically about distraction including Al-Sharif Al-Murtadha. The distraction according to al-Nidham perhaps differs the distraction according to al-Jahidh. The distraction according to al-Nidham is to take away the motives and ideas of the Arabs, and if God Almighty left them, they would have been able to produce something better than the Holy Qur'an eloquently, fluently ,and in organized manner. But, al-Jahidh believes that the distraction is a kindness from God Almighty in order to remove illusions and doubts about the Holy Qur'an, and that most scholars, who spoke of distraction, did not limit the Qur'an miracle to distraction only, rather, they believe that its miracle lies in distraction and in something else.

Abstract:-
This study explores the profound impacts of low-quality content prevalent on social media platforms, highlighting its detrimental effects on critical thinking, social behavior, and cultural values, particularly among youth. The research demonstrates how such content fosters consumerism and weakens social bonds, leading to the erosion of ethical and cultural principles. Drawing on recent studies and in-depth analyses, the research examines the psychological and neurological consequences of prolonged exposure to this content, revealing its role in diminishing cognitive and behavioral capacities. Additionally, the study emphasizes the crucial role of educational and religious institutions in promoting media literacy and counteracting these negative influences.
Furthermore, the research discusses the imperative for governmental intervention through the implementation of strict regulations that hold social media platforms accountable for monitoring published content. It advocates for the creation of positive alternatives that contribute to building healthy and conscious digital communities. Consequently, this research serves as an urgent call for collective action by institutions, governments, and social media platforms to protect individuals and society from the harmful effects of low-quality content.

Abstract:-
This research paper aimed to understand tourist consumer behavior from a perspective that includes social, cultural and psychological factors. The importance of the research paper comes from the fact that individuals’ behavior is greatly influenced by cultural values and beliefs. Therefore, tourists are from different cultures and choose different travel destinations based on their previous cultural experiences. The research paper concluded that understanding tourist consumer behavior from the point of view of constructivist theory, We must look comprehensively at the social, cultural and psychological factors that influence travel-related behaviour.

Abstract:-
Mutanabbi is one of the poets whose words and meanings tend towards takallof (toughness) and ighrab (innovation). Because of this, it causes the interpreters to have difficulty in understanding his meanings, and they may deviate from the truth or get confused.
Since understanding the overall concept of the verse is dependent on understanding the meaning of its words; therefore, one of the most important issues facing commentators in understanding the meanings of this court is their differences in the meanings of words. Thus, this research, using a descriptive-analytical method, aims to investigate the cases of disagreement between the commentators in discovering the meanings of strange words in this poet's controversial verses in order to find out the most important reasons for the commentators' misunderstanding of the meanings of these words in his Divan as well as the approach they should be identified in discovering their intended meaning.
Based on this research, we found that one of the most important reasons for the misunderstanding of these words is the lack of research on unfamiliar words, receiving the initial meaning of the word that comes to the interpreter's mind, and also interpreting the word, when it has two or more meanings. It is contrary to the poet's intention in the verse.

Abstract:
The researcher reached the following results:
1. It turns out that the endowment has two uses in the narrations, one of which is to protect the property and provide benefit, and the other means charity.
2. The ruling on the waqf in the two currencies is based on their being coins, so the waqf is not possible, and if they are of bullion, the waqf can be made in them.
3. The Imami jurists believe that endowment in banknotes is not possible and what may be mentioned as evidence of this is debatable. Yes, it is possible to invest banknotes as a result of endowment in loans and speculation.
4. It appears that the non-Imami schools of thought hold three opinions regarding the ruling on endowment of money.

Abstract:-
The study of the Prophet's biography is concerned with mentioning the smallest details about the life of our master and beloved Muhammad in the Meccan and civil phases, and what are the most important sources of the Prophet's biography? What is the purpose of studying a biography?, and how did the stages of writing a biography begin? And how was Ibn Ishaq able to collect and record it in one book, which he called (Sirat Ibn Ishaq)? And who are the most prominent of his sheikhs from whom he was quoted?, so that the role came after Ibn Ishaq to Ibn Hisham, where he systematically shortened many narrations and deleted some of them from which the Messenger of God did not mention and did not reveal anything from the Qur’an and he deleted some of the notice, and the reason is from Behind that, he did not see any of the people of knowledge of poetry who knew it, and some of the others did not acknowledge al-Bak’i with his narration.

Abstract:-
Ibn Khaldun's "Muqaddimah" has had a tremendous impact on social science, providing a new analytical perspective on historical events and social phenomena, and establishing a new field of study called Urbanism. According to Ibn Khaldun, societies evolve under the influence of the laws of the natural world, which he divided into three distinct stages: formation, prosperity, and decline. Furthermore, he outlined the nomadic and pastoral stages, as well as the agricultural and urban stages, each with its unique circumstances and accompanying social and economic changes. Furthermore, he shed light on the basic elements of society, which include the tribe, authority, livelihood, and economy. The term "tribe" refers to tribal solidarity, "authority" denotes the forces and mechanisms that govern society, while "livelihood" and "economy" refer to the means of meeting society's needs and distributing wealth.
This paper explores concepts such as urbanism, power, traditions, Bedouins, and settlers, and their significance in the growth and decline of societies. It examines the phases of the formation of different societies, starting from the nomadic stage, which represents early society formation, to the urban stage, which represents more developed societies. The paper also investigates the social and economic changes that accompany each stage.

Abstract:-
The topic under study is one of the most important topics in relation to what contemporary theology deals with. In view of the aspect it contains, it highlights one of the features of the Islamic faith and the religion’s vision regarding man’s faith and the necessity of giving him the freedom to choose his belief, despite the Holy Law’s statement that his salvation is limited to following the true doctrine after it has made clear to him guidance and misguidance and supported it with evidence, proofs, and evidence that guide him to reaching it, then Consider it a personal right; To bear responsibility for the consequences of this choice; Through this, he is prevented from having the right to object to the punishment if he fails to implement its provisions. Then the researcher addresses the suspicion of conflict between this freedom and some of the penal legal provisions that apparently contradict this right, such as the ruling to kill an apostate in Islam, which appeared in the context of a response to it. The full interest required by maintaining order requires that the punishment be at this level. Protection for the state and security for the Muslim community.

Abstract:-
The "Lisan al-Arab" dictionary is a comprehensive lexicon that includes more than80,000 lexical entries, printed in some editions across 15 volumes. It was authored by the great literary scholar and historian, Muhammad bin Makram (d. 711 AH), known to both the general public and specialists as "Ibn Manzur." He is one of the most important sources for the language and its meanings for scholars of language and literature, as well as those interested in the meanings of language among Arabs, such as interpreters and hadith scholars since its inception. Ibn Manzur addressed many topics in his dictionary that align with the study of the Arabic language, including Quranic verses and hadiths, as well as benefiting from the sayings of Arabs, proverbs, poetry, and the statements of earlier linguists. It is one of the extensive encyclopedias that mention, explain, and clarify the vocabulary of the Arabic language, relying on several credible sources such as verses, hadiths, poetry, and sayings of Arabs. Therefore, his book is considered a key reference for the Arabic language and for understanding the Quran and hadith. Our research methodology here is a descriptive analytical approach based on library resources.

Abstract:-
The public life of the employees of the Fatimid state's bureaus was characterized by administrative organization and high efficiency. The bureaus were the government institutions responsible for managing the affairs of the state. These bureaus included the Bureau of Correspondence, the Bureau of Taxation, the Bureau of Soldiers, and other bureaus that included highly qualified employees, who were often appointed based on their experience and skills. These employees enjoyed a prestigious social status, received good salaries, in addition to material and moral privileges. They also underwent rigorous training to ensure their mastery of the tasks assigned to them, such as managing records, collecting taxes, and organizing armies. They were also responsible for preserving state secrets and ensuring the efficient implementation of policies.
Their daily lives were characterized by commitment and discipline, as they would start their work early in the morning and continue until late in the day. They also faced major challenges, such as dealing with work pressures, meeting the expectations of the Fatimid caliphs, and managing the affairs of the state in light of political and social changes. Thanks to their efforts, the Fatimid state was able to achieve administrative and economic stability, which contributed to strengthening its influence and expanding its geographical area. These employees played a vital role in maintaining order and prosperity in the Fatimid society.

Abstract:-
In the Islamic era, violence against women was a common phenomenon that occurred in Islamic society and represented many forms of violence in all of their social and family roles. Violence was represented in discrimination against women and restriction of their freedoms, as the violence that occurred against them was whether physical, psychological, or verbal violence in speech, and we even find it in the social and economic aspect. Throughout history, women were exposed to various violent practices that were recorded for us by Islamic history from its primary sources. This violence included all age groups and in various methods and types that distorted the spirit and life of women. Islamic law focused on the status of women as the other half of society, and God honored women over all of His creation, as the verses were clear in the Sunnah of our Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, and as the Qur’anic texts and the noble hadiths emphasized the status of women in Islam.

Abstract:-
Through the research, it has become clear to me that interpreting the Holy Qur'an means explaining its verses and showing their meanings and what they include of meanings , secrets and rulings. So, the Holy Qur'an cannot be interpreted without referring to the Sunnah of the Holy Messenger(may God bless him and his family), and the pure Imams (peace be upon them). So, explaining it without referring to the Sunnah of the Messenger(may God bless him and his family), it falls into one of two warnings, the first is the private personal suspicions and the second is the individual's suspicions, and that the interpretation is limited to the appearing meaning and it does not necessarily indicate the meaning wanted from the verse, and the interpretation is a topic of the topics of the Qur'anic sciences and one of its many chapters. The interpretation does not contradict explanation, but rather, it complements it because interpretation is one of the signs of speech, not its manifestation, and that the meanings of the Qur'an have four levels, they are the interpretation for common people and the explanation for the scholars, the nice ones for the divine scholars, and truths for the infallible ones. The Holy Qur'an has a back and a belly. Its back is its explanation, and its belly is its interpretation. Its belly has many bellies, all of which are contained in its verses.

Abstract:-
Mechanical industries have gained its importance through many characteristics that they distinguish from other economic sectors making them able to play an effective and vital role in developing the national economics of the country. The industrial sector is distinguished by its great potential to contain and employ the workforce. The industry played a role in developing agriculture by the use of agricultural machinery and equipment. The industrial development also contributed to create industrial and technical skills and expertise for community members. Although the mechanical industrials in al-Najaf al-Ashraf are limited, however, they provided a major economic resource for the city through the demand of the other Iraqi cities to purchase its products.

Abstract:-
The current study aims to prepare an optimal model for news media policy in iraq. the Qatari AL jazeera channel was used as a model for the study , the research community consisted of 10 of the respondents professors at the universities of (Baghdad - Tikrit) , with various specializations: journalism , radio , television and public relations , considering that the research community represents the main focus of scientific research , the current research is qualitative , descriptive and analytical research , it relies on in - depth interviews and scientific observation tools to collect data , the results were extracted using the maxqda program.

Abstract:-
In recent decades, the phenomenon of entertainment and entertainment programs has increased on most satellite television channels, including the Al-Iraqiya channel, and these programs include good content and some of them contain poor content. Therefore, the goal of this research is to identify how to “prepare an ideal model for presenting entertainment and entertainment programs on the Iraqi government channel.” The researcher adopted the descriptive analytical method, and the researcher chose a sample of professors specialized in television programs and professors specialized in the media. The researcher prepared a tool for the research, which is an in-depth interview form consisting of (28) twenty-eight items. After approval by a committee of experts, it was directed to the sample members, and after reviewing and analyzing the answers, the researcher reached a number of results, the most important of which is that most of the entertainment programs presented by Al-Iraqiya Channel do not rise to the ideal program because some of them did not take into account the social and emotional aspects. Some entertainment and entertainment program presenters do not possess the comedy performance skills, or the specifications of a specialized presenter for this type of program. Some entertainment programs lack harmony between form and content.

Abstract:-
Explaining the role of Ayatollah Sayyed Mohsen al-Hakim, who is one of the most important contemporary figures in Najaf in religious reform, because he carried a reformist thought during his reign, and on the other hand, he supported the reformist movements that he lived with. The research used qualitative and quantitative methods to examine these influences in an integrated manner, which allowed a deeper understanding of how it interacts with religious and social challenges and how it can have an effective influence in directing society towards reform paths
The results indicate that Ayatollah Sayyed Mohsen al-Hakim was famous for his profound theological insights and scientific accuracy, and Ayatollah al-Hakim was a leading authority in Najaf known for emphasizing the importance of intellectual engagement and critical thinking in religious discourse. Moreover, Ayatollah Al-Hakim's legacy extends beyond his direct influence on religious discourse and activity
His teachings and writings continue to inspire new generations of scholars and activists committed to advancing the cause of religious reform. By examining his life, work, and lasting influence, we gain valuable insights into the complex dynamics of religious reform in contemporary Muslim societies. Consequently, Ayatollah Al-Hakim stands out as a prominent figure in the arena of religious reform, as his contributions have left an indelible mark on the course of Shiite Islam and broader debates within the Islamic world. His visionary leadership, intellectual rigor, and unwavering commitment to justice serve as a beacon for those seeking to navigate the complexities of faith and community in an ever-changing world.

Abstract:-
This research paper aims to shed light on the methodology of grounded theory and its applications in the fields of media and communication sciences. It presents a presentation of this methodology, its procedures and its inductive method that leads to building a theory based on field data. Not based on preconceived theories. It also discusses the theoretical and practical benefits of adopting it in field research. The importance of this methodology in understanding the expanding communication phenomenon with its complexity and continuous change in light of the potential of qualitative research is worthy of attention. It also examines the challenges that may face those working in it in general. In addition, this paper presents some ideas and ways to deal with it through a set of necessary proposals to enhance its practices in universities and research centers. By using a grounded methodology, media and communication researchers can explore new areas and develop a deeper understanding of media phenomena, contributing to the advancement of innovation and knowledge in this ever-changing field.

Abstract:-
The study aimed to identify the effects of the semantic relationship between the text and the context in the BBC Arabic and Alhurra Iraq channels, and to know the effects of the semantic relationship between the text and the context that the multiple meanings carry in the BBC Arabic and Alhurra Iraq channels, and to determine the nature of the discursive relationship in the BBC Arabic and Alhurra Iraq channels. To achieve its objectives, the study applied the qualitative approach using the content analysis tool, where the research sample was represented by 5 programs in the Alhurra Iraq channel, and 3 programs in the BBC Arabic channel. The study concluded that there is a semantic relationship between the text and the context in the directed channels, the most prominent effects of which were inclusion or inclusion, synonymy, and the relationship of the part to the whole. The results also showed that the most prominent effects of the semantic relationship between the text and the context that the multiple meanings carry in the directed channels were the presentation of contemporary language, i.e. its ability to update and introduce new meanings and symbols to contain all, in addition to the use of movements, in addition to the suitability of the meanings of its vocabulary to the various communicative contents. The results showed that the nature of the discursive relationship in the directed channels was an objective discourse devoid of the speaker's self. The relationship between the speakers is positive and the discourse is subjective. The study recommended that future studies use a mixed-methods approach to investigate the semantic relationship between text and context and integrate quantitative and qualitative methods to provide a more comprehensive understanding of this phenomenon.

Abstract:-
The novelty of the research lies in investing in the mechanisms of the stylistic approach in discovering the aesthetics of the pictorial language of creative texts. The pictorial language often benefits from the procedures of other curricula without specifying it, so its work becomes inaccurate, if not random. As for the pictorial approach, it is one of the most textual approaches that explore language. The text and its superficial and deep poetic connotations, and produces results with high accuracy, feeling abstract and scientifically pictorial. We chose the poetry collection of the poet Abdul Mohsen Al-Kadhimi because of its clear poeticism that attracts the recipient, and reveals a creative personality with a promising stylistic future.

Abstract:-
The prophetic traditions and the sayings attributed to the infallibles are very important sources for Muslims in various Islamic and Arabic sciences. In the field of the Arabic language in particular, these traditions and sayings are a fundamental source for understanding vocabulary and linguistic connotations, as seen in the dictionary "Lisan al-Arab" by Ibn Manzur, which draws heavily from them. Studying and analyzing these sources and linking them to linguistic and literary heritage texts is crucial for a deeper understanding of the Arabic language and its various aspects. This is a significant observation, and Ibn Manzur has presented a comprehensive encyclopedia that enriches researchers without needing to consult other language books. Many benefited from the traditions, including those of Imam Ali (peace be upon him). This study focuses on the traditions of Imam Ali (peace be upon him) in the "Lisan al-Arab" dictionary in volumes three and four. Although "Lisan al-Arab" utilized the traditions of Imam Ali (peace be upon him) to explain linguistic terms, it did not approach them from the perspective of hadith science. That is, it did not clarify the sources of these traditions or their authenticity according to hadith scholars. Therefore, it is necessary to make an additional effort to collect these traditions mentioned in "Lisan al-Arab" and evaluate them according to the methodology of hadith science. This aims to ascertain their credibility and status among hadith scholars, especially those attributed to Imam Ali (peace be upon him).This study employs a descriptive and analytical methodology to examine the traditions that Ibn Manzur relied upon in explaining vocabulary. It is expected that this research will contribute to enriching linguistic and hadith knowledge, assisting researchers in gaining a deeper understanding of the Arabic language and its various aspects through a detailed analysis of the traditions attributed to Imam Ali (peace be upon him).

Abstract:-
In the context of the process of restoring the status of Umayyad leadership through influence in the joints of the new state, the Umayyads exploited the major change that occurred in the ruling system after the end of the Prophet’s era. The features of the new change in the political scene were an incentive for the Umayyads to ride the boat of power again, so that they returned strongly to the forefront as one of the main poles in the political scene, if not to be as a equilibrium in it. The Umayyads - led by Abu Sufyan - had tightened the noose on the symbols of the immigrants who formed the institution of the Quraysh Caliphate, after they won the round of competition with the Ansar under the Saqifah of Banu Sa’idah. It was necessary for the institution of the Caliphate to remedy its situation and yield to Abu Sufyan’s demands and grant him what he wanted, in order to guarantee his silence and support for implementing the decisions of the Saqifah and pledging allegiance to the first and then the second caliphate, after guaranteeing the freedom of his sons in the emirate of the Levant and some high positions in the administration of the state, and they would receive special treatment in the first and second administration, until Muawiyah became more like an independent prince in the state of the Al-Sham

Abstract:-
This research examines the role of religiosity in enhancing psychological and social resilience in war-affected communities, with a special focus on Islamic values that constitute effective tools in dealing with psychological and societal crises. The research discusses how belief in fate and destiny, spiritual worship such as prayer and supplication, and social solidarity can contribute to empowering individuals and communities to overcome psychological trauma and the challenges of war. The research is based on a multi-disciplinary methodology that includes field interviews, questionnaires, and field studies from various communities, with a special focus on the Lebanese community affected by war. The research also demonstrates the role of scholars and religious institutions in guiding survivors towards effective dealing with psychological and social crises, and activating religious values as mechanisms for recovery and rebuilding affected communities. The results indicate that religiosity is not just spiritual practices, but rather a comprehensive system that enhances psychological resilience, social cohesion, and psychological well-being, making it one of the essential elements in the recovery process. The research concludes with practical recommendations aimed at developing integrated psychological and spiritual support programs based on Islamic values, while emphasizing the need to conduct more field studies to understand the impact of religiosity on psychological and social health more deeply in various contexts.

Abstract:-
The research aims to diagnose the aspects of decline in the educational process when quality is available in the life of teacher's work in the secondary schools. A study is done for a sample of teaching staff in some central preparatory schools in Holy Kerbela. It embodies the problem of the study. The importance of the study highlights in two areas, the first is cognitive, and the second is applied, and what benefits the research sample and the beneficiaries of the education process. Our research also aims to test the research model by testing and measuring correlations and influence between variables. The research society was the male and female staff within the center's secondary education in the holy city of Kerbela. The research has been applied to the central preparatory schools for boys and girls for the scientific branch (biological and applied), and the literary branch in the holy Kerbela, representing in the earliest preparatory schools whose number was five for boys and six for girls. Then, teaching staff of them were chosen as a study society. The number of teaching staff for girls' preparatory schools reached 220. The number the boys' preparatory schools was 180. The total number was 400 from both teaching staff. According to the statistical tables for the samples, it is (196), and for achieving the required size of the sample, the researcher distributed (211) questionnaires, and after retrieval, the valid number for statistical analysis was (201). The questionnaire was adopted as a basic means for research, as, it included employees' personal information, a variable measure of the quality of work life and a measure of the educational process. The researcher developed the two hypotheses of correlation and influence, and hypotheses were tested using the (SPSS) program, and a set of conclusions were reached:
1.The variable of the quality and its dimensions of the teacher's work according to the sample response results was greater than the hypothesized mean (3), but not high, and it has an effect in enhancing the educational process, as whenever the dimensions of the quality of work life are available in the required manner, it is reflected in strengthening of the educational process.
2.The educational process variable has achieved hypothesized mean for its dimensions that was less than the hypothesized mean(3) which indicates the research sample agreement that the elements or dimensions of the educational process was not available as required.

Abstract:-
Today, the use of mobile phone applications in language learning is expanding, especially for children. Teaching Arabic to children should not remain outside this development. It is necessary to design updated educational content for it. Therefore, this research aimed to design and verify a model for preparing Arabic language learning content for children according to the systematic approach in order to show within the framework of this model how Arabic language learning content for children can be selected and organized in mobile phone applications according to the systematic approach, and the extent of the validity of the proposed model from the point of view of experts in teaching Arabic and educational technology. In the design section, the most important indicators were extracted using the cumulative method and integrated into the model, and after designing the required model, its validity was measured by surveying the opinions of experts. The results showed that knowledge, community, learners, sequence, consistency, continuity, comprehensiveness, transparency, and coherence are the most common indicators for preparing Arabic language teaching content for children in mobile phone applications according to the systematic approach, and the designed model has high and required validity from the experts' point of view.

Abstract:-
Public relations in any institution seeks to improve the formal and actual image of the institution at the internal and external levels, in addition to achieving loyalty and belonging to the institution in the first way that relates to the job. Public relations also employs means of communication to reflect its activities, especially through new media. Despite the guidelines that have been written about public relations and the brochures, workshops, and scientific papers that have been held and published for it however, the need remains for research and investigation to reach the preparation of the optimal model for knowing and clarifying the function of public relations and its impact on building the institution. Therefore, the problem of the study is mainly focused on identifying the function of public relations within institutions, and the extent of its historical depth in the emergence of public relations since ancient times, and clarifying the structure of relations. Public awareness and its effectiveness in changing the course of the institution for the better.

Abstract:-
Both have a common social defense policy and the criminal policy share the goal of combating crime, because the general policy of social defense combats crime as a general phenomenon, as well as because it also regulates social measures that would eliminate this phenomenon at the general level, and they are called social prevention measures, such as measures related to public health and protection. Childhood and raising the level of education in school But they differ in the scope of each of them. The general policy of social defense looks at all measures that would prevent and address crime, whether it includes general social problems and whether that is at the individual or collective level. It is not just a legislative policy to develop criminal law, but it is a general policy that looks at the needs of Society and its problems and suggests appropriate measures to prevent and treat crime.

Abstract:-
Grammar is one of the most important rhetorical themes in literary criticism, and grammatical rhetorical phenomena are one of the most prominent literary rhetorical arts. Researchers have dealt with several Qur'anic suras for rhetorical study, but in this research, we decided to study Surah Yusuf due to its stylistic aesthetics, rhetorical arts and broad connotations, so we seek in this study to monitor the grammatical arts in Surah Yusuf and the manifestations of grammatical displacement in it and to explore the values, secrets, connotations and artistic aesthetics of this timeless manifesto.
When studying Surah Yusuf, we found a huge amount of artistic phenomena at various levels of grammar, but there are some arts that have manifested themselves in a more prominent form, most notably: The phenomena of noun and verb phrases, the style of introduction and retardation, the style of mention and omission, and the style of calling on the grammatical level. These phenomena revealed some of the characteristics of the characters of the sura, as we see the character of the Prophet Jacob, who was overcome with grief and anxiety. The character of Joseph's brothers and their intense hatred for Joseph and their relentless endeavour to win the favour of their father, and the character of Joseph and his exalted position with his father and God's support for him.

Abstract:-
The topic of semantic origin is one of the important topics in the Arabic language in general and in the impact of this idea in particular on the rest of the sciences that it has an impact on and a need for, such as the science of interpretation, the sciences of the Qur’an, jurisprudence, and others. The first attempts to adopt this topic began in the fourth century AH, when IbnFaris wrote His great book, A Dictionary of Language Standards, dealt with the origins of the meanings of linguistic materials, and then we did not find anyone who spoke about it after that until the end of the last century through the adoption of this subject by some scholars and specialists, the first of whom was the scholar Al-Mustafawi, who obtained the honor of pioneering this through writing his huge book. (Investigation into the Words of the Holy Qur’an), which includes 14 volumes in which it collects in alphabetical order all the materials whose derivatives were used in the Holy Qur’an, explaining through investigation and explanation the meaning origin of each of them, and the impact of this statement in the interpretation of verses in the Holy Qur’an.
Therefore, in our research, we are trying to explain the nature of the meaning origin and how the scholar Al-Mustafawi dealt with it in his book Al-Tahqiq.

Abstract:-
The attempt to reach the correct social moral behavior with all sincerity, integrity and responsibility before God, the self and society, and with regard to society, making the correct moral decision in it is done through a careful study of what achieves the public good in the best possible way after exhausting all possible suggestions and solutions, meaning that the matter is ultimately subject to sincere mental effort and freedom of conscience. As for the intended Christian social ethics, they are the virtues and sermons that existed and were brought by Jesus Christ, peace be upon him, to reform the society that has greatly declined in the direction of the values and principles brought by the prophets of the Children of Israel, peace be upon them. In our research, we will show what has happened to Christian ethics and what Jesus Christ, peace be upon him, brought of social ethics, commandments and sermons that aim in the largest part of them at the society in which he lived, which are the Jews who lived in the geographical area that extended in his many travels, some of whom believed in him and some of whom did not believe. In addition to that, we will conduct a historical monitoring of the concepts of social ethics and their impact on Christian society Since Jesus Christ brought it and the influence of philosophy and modernity on it until today, have Christians adhered to the morals he brought or was the dissolution and decline due to the factors that affected it and consequently the Christian society moved away from these morals in all ages since Jesus Christ, peace be upon him, brought the Gospel until today, so was commitment a way to the advancement of Christian society or was dissolution the predominant characteristic of Christians. ?

Abstract:-
The aesthetic similes of the Qur’an in Surat Al-Baqarah are among the most prominent manifestations of eloquence and linguistic miracle in the Holy Qur’an. They use aesthetic images to convey meanings and lessons in an effective and attractive way to the reader. The Qur’anic similes in this surah have drawn the most wonderful aesthetic images in striking examples to be used for reminders, preaching, urging and deterring, and to highlight the hidden meanings and lift the veils of the veiled details and affect the hearts in a way that the description of the thing itself does not affect. For this reason, Allah Almighty has increased this in His Noble Book. Given the importance of similes and their artistic role in Surat Al-Baqarah, we seek in this thesis to shed light on the simile image and explain its beauty in this surah through the descriptive analytical method. The research concluded that the image of similes in the Surah was multiple, and the most prominent of them was the simile of God, the believers, the rain, and the hypocrites... Among the beauty of the similes that appeared in the Medinan Surahs in the Holy Quran, you find that God Almighty describes the Quran as being like the light, sweet rain that descends from the sky and revives the dry land, and this reflects the greatness and majesty of the Quranic speech and its ability to renew life. Similes also appeared that describe the believers as being like the good, ripe seed that grows and flourishes under the sun's rays, and this reflects the value and importance of faith and obedience in human life. In this way, the aesthetic similes in the Medinan Surahs are evidence of the greatness of the Quran and the magnificence of its statement, and work to influence hearts and minds and direct them towards goodness and righteousness.

Abstract:-
The study attempts to dissect the features of the female body as a semiotic sign in the texts of Gibran and Nizar Qabbani. The importance of this research comes from the fact that it studies the semiotics of the body in two great poets who were able to formulate the most beautiful poems and each of them had a special view of the female body. Therefore, the research will attempt to answer many questions, including: Where did the connotations of the body come from in the poems of Nizar and Gibran? And how were they formed? The research follows the semiotic approach that is concerned with signs and connotations present in texts and reaching the hidden meanings, emotions and feelings behind the sign.

Abstract:-
Context is the framework in which the text is formed and its study leads to the clarification of the author's main intention. Examining the image of the texture requires the study of the texture of the text; Because the images are the result of linguistic and non-linguistic factors (texture of the situation), and this type of context is a criterion for measuring the strength and weakness of the literary work. The purpose of the current research is to investigate the context of the situation in the poems of Komit Asadi and reach the "central image" through these investigations that in the cultural and social realities and historical events of the Islamic society after the death of Prophet Muhammad, the application of these matters in the manner of their entry and the extent of their influence in the successful presentation of the central image of each verse have been discussed. The results of the research show that some contextual factors such as the politics of the Umayyad rulers, the ruling culture of the Arabs of that time, inciting prejudices with demagoguery, the personality characteristics of the poet himself, etc., are like the branches of a stout tree in his poems. that the strong body of "the oppression of the Umayyads against the Ahl al-Bayt, peace be upon them, and ignoring their righteousness" as the central image, has them around it.

Abstract:-
Ubay ibn Ka'b; Abu al-Mundhir al-Ansari, one of the senior Companions and among the scribes of the Revelation, and the owner of a specific recitation of the Quran, and one of the transmitters of the Prophet's (peace be upon him) hadiths. He was among the Companions who accepted Islam, and all Shiites and Sunnis acknowledge the soundness of his religion and faith, and he has a high standing with them.The man is famous for having a special recitation, and he is the source of most of the ten Quranic recitations, and also for having a specific Mushaf (Quranic manuscript). His name is always repeated in the science of recitations and the writing of the Mushaf, and scholars of old and new have spoken about his recitation in the contents of their books or in separate independent writings. But in addition to this description, he is also one of the narrators of the Prophet's hadiths among the Sunnis, estimated at around 240 hadiths in total in their view, of course this is in addition to what is attributed to him of recitations and in their exegeses. Thus, the man is considered a hadith narrator for the Sunnis, and this is in addition to the many narrations that are attributed to him.With this, we see that his name is also mentioned in the Shiite hadith tradition, in addition to what is mentioned of his statements regarding recitations and in their exegeses. And since the Shiites are very insistent that their hadiths must go back to the Infallible Ones (the Imams) and from them to the Prophet (peace be upon him) through their confirmed chains, in order for the hadiths to be considered authentic and authoritative, or at least this description is one of the necessary conditions for authenticating the hadith in their view, it is worthy for us to first get acquainted with the man, especially based on the books of biographies and men. We want to know who Ubay ibn Ka'b is and his status among Muslims.The methodology in this article will be the same as in the research in Islamic sciences, the descriptive-analytical approach based on the sources. We will first mention some generalities for the research and general concepts, and then a biography of Ubay ibn Ka'b based on Sunni and Shiite sources.

Abstract:-
The multiplicity of social relations is an important foundation for the cohesion of individuals and societies. Attempts to understand social relations require reconsidering many of the intellectual issues and problems posed by the concept of social relations. Introducing the concept of social relations makes it a necessary concept for action in light of the challenges facing societies. Our practical need for social relations in society requires us to work to establish the concept of social relations in thought and practice. Humans are social by nature, inclined to form relationships and build bonds with their fellow human beings. They cannot live in isolation from others, because isolation, when voluntary, is a form of self-suicide. When isolation is imposed by force and coercion, it is a severe punishment taken against a certain type of criminal, or a slow killing when applied to an innocent person. The goal of this research is to understand social relations and the extent of the experiences of Western societies in light of the Holy Quran. Analyzing critical directives that explicitly emphasize commitment to dealing with others, emphasizing their role in building social relationships and the manner in which these relationships should be structured in Western society, and standing with a critical model, which is the position of Western society, by examining the approach it has adopted and how this has had a direct impact on its relationship with others, on the one hand, and on the Da'wah movement in general, on the other. The main question of this research is: How can the experiences of Western societies in social relations be critiqued based on the Holy Quran? Western civilization has proven its inability to bring happiness to humanity and its need for an alternative civilization that is compatible with human nature, meets its humanity, and is consistent with the laws of nature in social, familial, and professional relationships. This can be done by critiquing it according to the Quranic perspective.

Abstract:-
The heritage constitutes a prominent artistic phenomenon in the poetry of Ahmed bin Alwan due to his love for heritage on the one hand and his desire to communicate with his Islamic and Arab intellectual audience on the other hand. He frequently invoked heritage in his collection of poems, and due to his influence by heritage, his study has become extremely important to reveal the connotations of heritage. The necessity of the research stems from the role of heritage in his poetry, and in this research we aim to shed light on the invocation of heritage and its aesthetic and semantic role in the poetry of Ahmed bin Alwan. In doing so, he attempts to answer the question: How is heritage manifested in the poetry of Ahmed bin Alwan through the descriptive and analytical approach. As a result of the research, we concluded that the manifestations of intertextuality in Ahmed bin Alwan’s poetry were numerous, including the religious of its two types (Qur’anic and novelistic), and in terms of its artistic level, it varied to (dialogical, absorptive, and ruminative), and the poet was drawing a lot from the religious heritage of its various types. This is because it serves many purposes, including sanctifying some of the characters and issues they embody. As for what is related to narrative religious intertextuality, it appears less frequently in his poetry, and the reason for the poet’s interest in religious intertextuality is to reveal the Islamic pride and glory that connects the present of the Arab nation to its past, and to warn Muslims of the enemy’s plans by depicting its history and stating its Islamic glory with the most prominent characters.

Abstract:-
The art of the novel emerged in the modern era on the literary scene actively, and many writers in the Arab world embraced it to express their feelings and thoughts. Writers began to carry the novel with the mission of reforming society and enlightening thoughts. Thus, the novel competed with the field of poetry, and flourished in the Arab world alongside the poem, and it had great pioneers and a wide-ranging audience due to its objective and artistic aesthetics.
The issue of tradition and modernity was one of the most prominent issues of the modern era that entered the world of the novel and modern literature. Manifestations of tradition and modernity were evident in the novel literature as a social issue through which the writer aims to reform his Arab society. One of the most prominent writers in this field is the novelist Ibrahim Al-Koni in his collection “The Eclipse Quartet” in which he reflected many issues of social and tribal life in Libya and the conflict between modernity and tradition there. In this research, we seek through the descriptive analytical approach to study the manifestations of tradition and modernity in this novel. The results reveal that the desert environment, the color of Bedouin life and its elements such as beliefs, literature, drawings and its economic pattern, in addition to modernity and the political and social developments and movements resulting from it such as colonialism, scientific development and journalism, all of this was clearly evident in this novel and reflected the conflict between tradition and modernity in the best way in the novel.

Abstract:-
It came in the definition of the art of personification that it is an artistic method in which the writer revives tangible and intangible things, whether they are inanimate objects, animals, plants, and intangible things... and this art, due to the light of life in things that have no life, gives the text a great aesthetic energy that draws the attention of the recipient. The poet Walid Qasib was one of the most prominent poets of the Levant in the modern era, and he took care of the artistic image in his poetry, and based on this care, we find that he has the art of personalization prominent, even mesmerized in the formulation of diagnostic images of all kinds to raise the level of his poetry. Through the descriptive analytical method.
After an extensive study of the poet's manifestations of personalization, the research concluded that the poet formulated a lot of figurative images, so that his figurative images appeared in several forms, but what emerged from them was the diagnosis of inanimate objects. This art represented the revival and diagnosis of natural phenomena and human phenomena. The waves, the beach, and the desert. As for the human phenomena, they are the idol, the tents, the peg, the fodder, the eyes, the sword, the hair, the palm, the wall, and the money.