Al.Qadisiyah journal for the Sciences of Physical Education

Abstract
While in the problem at the research; the researcher is seeking to find the evaluation standard of the most important of the psychological changes according to the sustainable development aims for choosing the fustal players in good levels and preserving at that good level as long a period as possible to develop the sport generally and the fustal especially
The second chapter contains the the artical studies to know the evaluation standards and the psychological changes which belongs to the sustainable development, their dimensions, knowing the choosing beside the choosing ways.
In this chapter there are mention of the previous studies which also belongs to the research subject.
The researcher use the descriptive syllabus in the survey method and the correlative relationships because this syllabus is suitable to solution the research problem.
The researcher determines the research community; they were (120) players. The research specimen were (110) players the research makes the reconnaissance experience in order to know the field difficulties that faced the researcher during the actual performance
The research conclusion
1- Reach to evaluation standards of the psychological changes which contribute in choosing of the fustal players.
2- proved the results that is possible build the standard levels of the specimen individuals the straight points as well as the weekends points in the performance of the players in psychological changes of the research content.
-The research recommendations
1- attention necessity of psychological changes according to the sustainable development aims for choosing the fustal players
2- Necessity use the evaluation standard for the psychological changes to discover the strength the weakness points in the performance and the cheivement level for the fustal players
Keyword (evaluative ,psychological variables , fustal)

Volleyball is an integrated game in terms of its reliance on comprehensive basic requirements, as it constantly needs broad motor abilities and high physical abilities to face and overcome different playing conditions. The research aims to identify the sensory-motor abilities and biomechanical variables and their relationship to the accuracy of the smashing skill among national team players. Hamdaniya University volleyball. As for the research hypothesis, there was a statistically significant relationship between sensory-motor abilities and biomechanical variables and its relationship to the accuracy of the smashing skill among the players of the Hamdaniyah University volleyball team. The researcher used the descriptive approach in the correlation method to suit the nature of the research using the intentional method of the Hamdaniyah University volleyball college teams for the academic year. 2023 – 2024, As for the research sample, which was chosen intentionally and numbered (12) players, then the main experiment was conducted on (10) players, and the percentage was (29.32%). The researcher used (questionnaire and test) as tools for research and data collection. The statistical means are the arithmetic mean, standard deviation, percentage, and simple correlation coefficient (Pearson), Through the researcher’s view of this game, he noticed that they focus their training on the elements of physical fitness and motor skills without taking into account the importance of sensory abilities. Kinesthetic. Based on this logic, the researcher wanted to examine this problem directly and determine its dimensions by identifying the mutual correlations between sensory-motor abilities, specifically the accuracy of performance of the crushing skill.

Abstract
The aim of the research was to build a scale for creative scouting performance in the Ministry of Education. The researcher adopted the descriptive approach, and the research sample was selected with a number of (128) scouting leaders in the General Directorates of Education in Baghdad affiliated with the Ministry of Education. The researcher carried out the statistical analysis of the scale phrases to ensure the availability of the scientific conditions for the scale represented by validity and reliability. The researcher adopted the Likert method in building the scale questionnaire, and the scale consisted of (35) paragraphs, in the final form after the construction process.

Abstract
The research aims to understand the cultural diversity of technical supervisors in developing the sports and school activities department in the center of Diwaniyah Governorate, from the perspective of male and female physical education teachers. This information helps them perform their duties due to the known relative importance of each form of cultural diversity. To answer the research question, the research attempted to answer the following question: "What is the role of cultural diversity in the technical sector in developing the sports and school activities department from the perspective of male and female physical education teachers in the center of Diwaniyah Governorate?" The research population consisted of (120) individuals representing physical education teachers in the center of Diwaniyah Governorate. The study sample consisted of (70) physical education teachers from the center of Diwaniyah Governorate, who were randomly selected. The researcher concluded that technical supervisors possess cultural diversity. The researcher recommended that the current research be utilized by conducting a study on another research sample. This indicates the need to pay attention to the concept of cultural diversity in sports and school activities departments to develop these departments from

The diversity of agility tests contributes significantly to the evaluation of students in order to distinguish their areas of strength and weakness by teachers and then issue the decision accurately and objectively. Here the following question revolved around: (Is there a test that determines agility specific to the category of students in gymnastics?) To answer this question, a sufficient plan was developed, which represents the construction and standardization of a test to measure agility in artistic gymnastics for students. The researcher relied on third-year students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, numbering (97) out of (107) students. The results of the research showed after conducting statistical treatments the following: (The criteria were determined) standard scores (for the results of the agility test in artistic gymnastics for students), and the research recommendations focused on adopting the agility test as an evaluation tool according to the standards followed within the research when sorting students and conducting more studies by adopting variables and classifications that were not researched during the study.

The skill of the powerful spike in volleyball is one of the most important technical skills that contributes to scoring points for the team and winning the match. It is an offensive technique that relies on the power and speed of the hit, where the player aims to send the ball forcefully towards the opponent's court, thus increasing the chances of scoring points. This skill is considered one of the essential elements of the game as it greatly contributes to confusing the opposing team's defense and finding gaps in their formation.
The aim of the research was to prepare specific exercises for arm swinging to develop some biomechanical variables and accuracy in the skill of the powerful spike in volleyball. The researcher used the experimental method with a one-sample design involving pre and post-tests. The researcher reached positive results and confirmed the research hypothesis of the existence of statistical differences between the pre and post-test in some biomechanical variables and accuracy in the skill of the powerful spike in volleyball.

Abstract
The research aims to understand the cultural diversity of technical supervisors in developing the sports and school activities department in the center of Diwaniyah Governorate, from the perspective of male and female physical education teachers. This information helps them perform their duties due to the known relative importance of each form of cultural diversity. To answer the research question, the research attempted to answer the following question: "What is the role of cultural diversity in the technical sector in developing the sports and school activities department from the perspective of male and female physical education teachers in the center of Diwaniyah Governorate?" The research population consisted of (120) individuals representing physical education teachers in the center of Diwaniyah Governorate. The study sample consisted of (70) physical education teachers from the center of Diwaniyah Governorate, who were randomly selected. The researcher concluded that technical supervisors possess cultural diversity. The researcher recommended that the current research be utilized by conducting a study on another research sample. This indicates the need to pay attention to the concept of cultural diversity in sports and school activities departments to develop these departments from the perspective of male and female physical education teachers in the center of Diwaniyah Governorate.

هدف البحث إلى التعرف على العلاقة بين القدرات البدنية الخاصة وبعض المهارات الدفاعية لحراس المرمى في الدوري العراقي للشباب بكرة القدم، فضلا عن التعرف على التمرينات لتطوير بعض المهارات الأساسية الدفاعية لحراس المرمى الشباب بكرة القدم، افترض الباحث وجود علاقة ذات دلالة إحصائية بين القدرات البدنية الخاصة وبعض المهارات الدفاعية لعينة البحث، وكان مجتمع البحث أندية الدوري العراقي للشباب بكرة القدم الموسم الكروي(2024-2025)، وعدد تلك الأندية(20) نادياً مشاركين في دوري العراقي ، وهم(الزوراء، الطلبة، الشرطة، الجوية، النجف، زاخو، دهوك، نورزو، اربيل، الكهرباء، النفط، ك ربلاء، القاسم، الميناء، الحدود، نفط البصرة)واختار الباحث بطريقة العمدية حراس المرمى الاساسيين بالنادي وعددهم(20)لاعباً وتم استبعد أربعة (4)منهم حراس مرمى تم مشاركتهم في التجربة الاستطلاعية، لتكون عينة البحث(16) حارساً، وتهدف الدراسة إلى التعرف على العلاقة بين القدرات البدنية الخاصة وبعض المهارات الدفاعية لحراس المرمى الشباب الاندية المشاركة في دوري العراقي لكرة القدم، افترض الباحث وجود علاقة ذات دلالة إحصائية بين القدرات البدنية الخاصة وبعض المهارات الدفاعية، واستخدم الباحث المنهج الوصفي لملاءمة وطبيعة المشكلة المراد حلها، والطرق الإحصائية كالوسط الحسابي، والانحراف المعياري، والارتباط البسيط (بيرسون)، واسفرت هذه الدراسة عن وجود علاقة ارتباطية معنوية مابين القدرات البدنية الخاصة وبعض المهارات الدفاعية لحراس المرمى لكرة القدم، واوصى الباحث بضرورة الاهتمام بالبرامج التدريبية خلال فترة المنافسات من خلال ربط الجمل التدريبية التكتيكية بالقدرات البدنية الخاصة والتي تنعكس بشكل ايجابي على تطوير الأداء المهاري لحراس المرمى الشباب بكرة القدم في المراحل المتقدمة من التدريب .
الكلمات المفتاحية: ( القدرات البدنية، المهارات الدفاعية)

Abstract
The research aims to: build and apply a scale of leadership competencies in secondary school administrations specializing in physical education from the perspective of teachers of other specializations, and to identify leadership competencies in secondary school administrations specializing in physical education from the perspective of teachers of other specializations. The researcher used the descriptive approach with the survey method to suit the nature of the problem. The research community was represented by faculty members in secondary schools in the Baghdad Governorate Education Directorate / First Rusafa, numbering (613) teachers, while the research sample was represented by (245) teachers, i.e. (40%) of the research community. The researcher prepared a questionnaire form for the scale in order to identify valid statements, which included (20) statements. The researcher adopted the Liker method in building the scale questionnaire, and based on that, a five-point scale was used to express the extent of agreement with each statement, which is (always, often, sometimes, rarely, never). After that, the researcher conducted the pilot experiment before the final application of the study at an appropriate time on a sample of (15) teachers. After that, the scale was applied to the construction sample, which numbered (130) schools. To complete the steps of constructing the scale of this study, the researcher conducted a statistical analysis of the scale phrases. Through the statistical process, the availability of the scientific conditions for the scale, which are validity and reliability, is confirmed. After that, the researcher applied the leadership competencies scale, which consists of (20) phrases, to the application sample, which numbered (100) teachers. The results were statistically processed and discussed.

The research aims to prepare Tae Bo exercises for the research sample members and to identify the differences between the pre- and post-tests in some components of health-related physical fitness for the experimental and control research groups. The researchers used the experimental method for its suitability and the nature of the problem. The research community was determined intentionally from the trainees of the Kamran Sports Hall - Bawa Noor district, numbering (20) trainees, aged between (30-35) years. The basic research sample was selected randomly (16) trainees, constituting (36%) of the total number. They were divided into two groups (control and experimental). The control group (8) trainees applied the training curriculum followed in the gym by the trainer, and the experimental group (8) trainees applied the training program using rhythmic Tae Bo - Tae exercises. The exploratory sample, numbering (4) trainees, was selected from the same community and outside the basic research sample. The daily training unit included a group of rhythmic Tae Bo exercises, including technical movements of martial arts accompanied by some aerobic exercises. It is performed with music and is appropriate for the age group of the sample, taking into account the gradual intensity of the exercises. The total number of weeks for implementing the program is (8) weeks, the number of daily training units is (24) units, the exercise time during the daily training unit is (25-30) minutes, and the training intensity is (50-75%). The researchers concluded that Tae Bo exercises had a positive effect in raising the level of variables (leg strength endurance, arm strength endurance, abdominal endurance, fat, water percentage) in the experimental group. A significant progress appeared in the post-tests between the control and experimental groups in the studied variables (leg strength endurance, arm strength endurance, and flexibility) in favor of the experimental group. The experimental group achieved superiority over the control group in the level of the results of the arithmetic means of the post-tests in the studied variables

Youth and sports forums are of great importance in the sports field at the present time and are no less important than the role of sports clubs by attracting practitioners of sports activities for all different age groups to practice sports games of all kinds, individual or collective, where they are practiced in a correct and valid environment and achieve their goals of sports games and their various physical and social purposes, and this requires those responsible for sports work to establish controls and criteria for choosing a good geographical location when establishing sports stadiums, as well as forums and sports cities to create an atmosphere and a healthy environment away from pollution and noise, as pollution has , This research aims to find out the level of some physical and physiological variables of the practitioners of sports activities in youth forums far and near the source of pollution of the Babylon Youth and Sports Directorate, as well as comparing the level of some physical and physiological variables between practitioners of sports activities in youth forums far and near the source of pollution, where the researchers used the descriptive method of survey method to suit the nature of the study, where the researchers reached a set of conclusions, including that environmental pollution has a negative impact on physical and physiological variables of practitioners of sports activities in youth and sports forums. Recommendations include expanding the creation of green spaces that contribute to air purification, as well as focusing on environmental awareness and teaching environmental education at university levels, especially in faculties of physical education and sports science.