journal of kufa studies center

The study aims to verify the extent of the contribution of strategic readiness to the implementation of the integrated water management strategy, as well as to verify the level of interest of the directorate under study (the Directorate of Water Resources in Babylon) to adopt the integrated management strategy in water management, and to determine the level of strategic readiness in it. The study started from the increase in the severity of the water crisis and the increasing interest in the application of integration in water management. The strategic readiness variable was the independent variable in the current study and included six dimensions, and the dependent variable is integrated management In order to achieve the objectives of the study, the study adopted the descriptive-analytical approach in the case study. The Directorate of Water Resources in Babylon represented a field for the applied aspect of the study, as a random sample of its employees was selected with (175) individuals out of the study population of (297) individuals, and the study adopted the statistical program (SPSS V.24) and (Amos.24) program in building the model and testing its hypotheses, and the questionnaire form was used as the main tool to collect the required data and information. The study reached a number of results, the most important of which was the existence of a positive direct correlation between the two variables The study also has a statistically significant effect of strategic readiness on integrated water management.

The present research seeks to identify the extent of the effect of owned capital as an independent variable on systemic risk as a dependent variable. The research was based on its problem, which was represented by an important and main question, which is (is there an effect of owned capital as an independent variable in systemic risk as a dependent variable of companies in the research sample?). The relationship between the variables was expressed through the hypothetical model of the research from which the hypothesis emerged. In order to achieve the research objectives and verify its hypothesis, it was applied to a sample of The companies of the industrial sector listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange, which amounted to (10) companies, through the use of their published financial statements. The data were analyzed using the method of financial and statistical analysis, which was obtained by using Microsoft Excel 2016 and AMOS GM6 methods. IDRGP. RMVN.. After analyzing the results, the researchers reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which was that through the results of the financial and statistical analysis of the industrial sector companies listed on the Iraqi Stock Exchange, it was found that owned capital plays a role in influencing systemic risk.

The main objective of this study was to analyze the interactive role of strategic identity in the relationship between marketing doctrine and brand authenticity, as an attempt by the researcher to contribute to the development of the reality of the food products industry in Iraq by laying the appropriate foundations to achieve brand authenticity. Accordingly, the opinions of the study population, represented by the employees of Noor Al-Kafeel Company for Animal and Food Products, were surveyed comprehensively through a refereed questionnaire prepared for this purpose, and after the researcher distributed (115) questionnaires, she obtained (100) valid questionnaires for statistical analysis, and then the data analysis was performed through the use of a set of tests in SmartPLS v.4 and SPSS v.24 software.The results of the statistical analysis of the study hypotheses showed that there are two types of relationship between the variables under study, the first type of relationship is represented by the existence of a direct moral and positive effect of the marketing doctrine on the authenticity of the brand, as well as the existence of a direct moral and positive effect of the strategic identity on the authenticity of the brand. The second type of relationship was represented by the interaction effect of the strategic identity variable in the relationship between marketing doctrine and brand authenticity. Based on the results of this study, its added value is to describe it as the first attempt in the context of reducing the knowledge gap between the aforementioned variables. As a result, the researcher invites researchers interested in the knowledge and application scope of these variables to conduct further studies and researches in different Iraqi organizations or different organizations in other countries.

The aim of the current research was to test the actual role played by strategic deployment in achieving outstanding performance by surveying the opinions of the sample of employees of the Najaf Health Department, represented by Al-Sadr Medical City, as a field for conducting the current research, and due to the importance of the research for the community and the sample, the research attention was focused on these two administrative phenomena, and the research problem was embodied in a major question that (what is the role of strategic deployment in achieving outstanding performance in the Najaf Health Department?)The research methodology was represented by the descriptive-analytical method based on the questionnaire in the survey of the opinions of the sample, and the opinions of a random sample of (130) employees were selected and from the calculation of the sample size, it was found that the required sample is (99) forms, so the researcher distributed (120) forms and the retrieved were (108) forms and that they contained (5) invalid and invalid forms, so the sample size ready for statistical analysis became (103), the questionnaire was distributed to them as a tool for collecting and analyzing data using the SPSS statistical package softwareAll of them were suitable for statistical analysis, and the researcher employed the statistical program (SPSS V.28) and through their statistical methods in analyzing the data.

The importance of this research stems from the importance of the private education sector in Iraq, which has become a large area of the education sector in general, and the research problem was the failure of some universities to achieve strategic success, due to the lack of collective commitment in their work philosophy as a function of achieving strategic success. The research included a sample of private colleges in Baghdad Governorate, the number of sample members reached (180) who occupy leadership positions in Baghdad These colleges (Dean, Associate Dean, Head of Department, and Department Rapporteur), and the questionnaire was the main tool for data collection. The research included two main hypotheses, and a number of statistical methods were used to obtain the results using the statistical software (SPSS). The research reached a set of conclusions, the most prominent of which is that there is a high correlation between the collective commitment practiced in private colleges and the achievement of strategic success, which means that any increase in the level of embodiment of this commitment will reflect positively on the level of strategic success, and this means the impact of collective commitment on strategic success, and this can contribute to improving the intense competition between private educational organizations and their quest to ensure a high market share.

The research also aims to present and analyze the impact of audit quality on information asymmetry by relying on the financial statements of a sample of companies listed on the Iraqi Stock Exchange, as the number of companies reached (fourteen) companies for the period (2012-2021) and includes sectors (telecommunications, services, agriculture, industry, hotels).
The research variables were measured by measuring the quality of the audit through the ( auditor turnover) index, while the information asymmetry was measured based on the stock returns volatility scale, as well as using regression equations to reach the effect of the variables between them and test the research hypotheses. The study reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which were the following: The results of the statistical test showed that there is a positive effect with a significant significance of the audit quality through its indicators (auditor turnover) in the lack of The accounting information of the companies is similar to the research sample. The research recommended the following: the necessity of issuing binding legislation by the Securities Commission in Iraq that obliges companies in the market to compulsory rotation of the auditor every specified period of time, as well as the need for audit firms to adopt the principle of specialization in the industry. The need to work in both the Central Bank, the Iraqi Stock Exchange and banks to reduce the asymmetry of information between the different parties.

The aim of the current research was to measure the role of strategic innovation in achieving high performance in private banks in Najaf, and to achieve this, the dimensions of the independent variable adopted strategic renewal (new products and services, external venture, organizational restructuring), and the dimensions of high performance (quality of management, continuous improvement, quality of management), which are ready-made foreign metrics, and in the applied aspect, a sample of managers, assistant managers and employees was selected as a field to search for The questionnaire form was prepared for this purpose with (104) respondents. A number of statistical programs were used to test the research hypotheses, including SPSS, Excel, and Amos. One of the most important conclusions reached is that strategic renewal has an effective and moral role in achieving the high performance of banks and the research community. The research concluded with a number of recommendations, most notably working to enhance the aspects of employee development in private banks in order to keep pace with the major developments that keep pace with the work of the current banks, which requires developing the capabilities and skills of the staff in accordance with the best leadership and administrative practices that work to keep pace with these developments and make the most of the working staff and push them towards developing the work entrusted to them.

The aim of the present research was to test the effect of quantum leadership behaviors on improving the customer journey. This was done by surveying a group of 126 private banking service providers in Iraq who are in direct contact with customers, by distributing a questionnaire form to them. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS V.22 and SmartPLS3 software. Microsoft Excel 2016 was used to represent the results with graphs. The results of the research showed that there is a significant effect of quantum leadership behaviors in improving the customer journey in private banks in Iraq. This means that adopting quantum leadership can have a positive impact on the customer experience and quality during their journey with banks.

he banking sector, also known as the banking industry, is one of the most important and influential sectors in economic growth. Improving the efficiency of the banking system and the quality of its services contributes to raising the economic growth rate of any society. This sector has witnessed tremendous technological advancements and the implementation of new systems and methods with the onset of the information age. This study aims to explore the impact of implementing digital transformation in banking operations on the capital adequacy ratio in a sample of banks, through an analysis of digital transformation indicators across its dimensions (real-time gross settlement system, electronic clearing system, and capital adequacy ratio). Data were collected from the published annual reports of a sample of eight private banks for the period from 2012 to 2021, using EViews 10 software. Through benchmarking analysis, the study reached a number of conclusions, the most important of which is the existence of a significant correlation and impact between digital transformation in banking operations and the capital adequacy ratio. In addition, the banks studied maintain an excessively high capital adequacy ratio, reaching 194.68%. Among the studys recommendations is the need to increase partnerships with companies that adopt digital technology to ensure the development of financial services that enable banks to achieve the optimal capital adequacy ratio.

Purpose: The stock market is an important tool for the evaluation of companies and projects. It contributes to increasing investors' awareness and insight into the reality of companies and projects, and it is judged as success or failure, as the low share prices for a company is a conclusive proof of its lack of success or the weakness of its financial position, which may lead to some adjustments in its leadership or policy in the hope of improving its profitability.
Study Design: The descriptive analysis method was adopted through financial analysis in the cognitive and empirical field of the study model and hypotheses, and the commercial banks listed in the stock market were approved for the study, and a deliberate sample of eight banks was adopted as they are the most traded and active in the market, the study data was collected for the period (2005-2020) and according to the annual financial reports issued by the Securities Commission. The study came out with several conclusions, the most important of which is (the need for the bank to increase the work to attract Bank deposits of all kinds by enhancing the confidence of depositors and shareholders in the importance of keeping their money with banks and obtaining lucrative returns as a result of remaining without withdrawal before the maturity date, the larger the bank's position is better and safer, and therefore affects the increase in the bank's profitability), as the study recommended (companies should raise the efficiency and effectiveness of their activities, to maximize their profitability and improve their financial performance to increase investors' demand for their securities).
Originality/Value: This study came in an attempt to contribute to the detection of the measurement of the effectiveness of the securities market and how it contributes to the profitability of commercial banks .

The current research aims to employ the technology of deploying the green quality function and the overall cost of the time-oriented product life cycle to achieve sustainable competitive advantage, to show the adoption of green strategies in production and reduce the cost of products, improve their quality, reduce the response time to customer requests, and enhance the sustainable competitive advantage, and which reflects economic, environmental and social benefits, and to achieve the research objective, the General Company for Textile Industries in Hilla was selected through one of its laboratories represented by the men's clothing factory in Najaf. A sample of the research to study the case of the application of the technologies proposed by this research, as the research was based on visits and field experiences by the researcher to the laboratory of the research sample, and interviews with its officials, workers, and some sales agents specialized in the sale of men's suits, as well as accounting records, cost reports, and time cards of the laboratory, to apply the comprehensive cost technology for the life cycle of the time-oriented product
The researcher has reached several conclusions, including that the men's clothing factory in Najaf, as the research sample, does not provide a suitable climate that helps the lab to overcome the obstacles, difficulties and development processes witnessed in the contemporary business environment, as well as the lack of contemporary technologies that are concerned with cost management, so the overall cost of the time-oriented product life cycle and its designation can achieve the goal of cost management efficiently and effectively for the economic unit. The use of modern technologies in the field of cost management would contribute to the development and progress of the industrial, economic, environmental and social growth of the country, and it also helps to follow up the work of the production departments, classify activities into adding or not adding value, work on practices and adopt a culture of efficient use of resources, as these technologies provide appropriate and useful environmental information through which to identify defects and work to address them.

The research aims to define and reveal the impact of technology and specialized marine crews on improving the quality of maritime services through the study of variables, as a questionnaire form has been developed to ensure that there is a relationship between the study variables (technology) an independent variable, (improving the quality of marine services) a dependent variable, ( specialized marine crews) an interactive variable, and the study population has reached (1019) Accordingly, 285 questionnaires were distributed to ensure the minimum retrieval of 279, and the selection was made using the intentional sampling method for the main marine sections, and the retrieved evidence of 281 questionnaires was analyzed using two SPSS software. V24 and AMOS. V.24 . The study concluded that there is a positive effect relationship in terms of the moral and statistical significance of technology in improving the quality of maritime services, and there is a positive effect relationship in the moral and statistical significance of technology with the marine crews specialized in improving the quality of maritime services, so the researchers recommend paying attention to technology and keeping pace with modernity and development in the field of work, and paying attention to the development courses of specialized marine crews in order to raise efficiency and increase experience.

In this research, we highlight the discovery of the theoretical aspect of the problem of variable selection through the method of organization of the adaptive ASU and the estimation of the parameters of the multiple linear regression model according to the Bayesian method, where the adaptive ASU method is considered a tool or a reduction method that works at the same time on the selection of interpretive variables, which has an effect on the response variable and estimation of the parameters of the regression model with high explanatory power with high predictive accuracy. A hierarchical model of predistributions has been proposed, and what is new here is that in this research we have developed the hierarchical model of predistributions by proposing that the variance of the data has a predistribution that follows an inverse square distribution as any. Accordingly, subsequent distributions were derived. In addition, subsequent distributions were employed in the work of the Gibbs algorithm for sampling to generate samples of the model parameters, and a single simulation experiment was conducted under different values of sample sizes, where the traditional adaptive ASU method and the Bayesian adaptive ASU method proposed by researchers Yi and Mallick in 2014 were used and the results were compared with the proposed method. The results showed that based on the MMAD and SD that the proposed method is a method that competes with the existing methods in terms of estimation performance, a practical application of the data that represents the study of the regression model of a set of explanatory variables on the iron deficiency variable of a group of patients, and it was shown through the employment of the proposed method that it provided the method of selecting the variables, based on the estimated values and comparing the results with the methods indicated in the experimental aspect. It is worth mentioning that the results obtained are promising, encouraging and give better results compared to the existing methods.

There are many theories that have tried to explain the foundations and principles of international relations, and the nature of the dynamics that control and influence the paths and transformations of these relations, and this multiplicity at the level of references, foundations and premises on which each of these theories is based is due in one of its reasons to the complexity of political phenomena and realities, and their lack of response to a single interpretive perspective that contains them, and at the same time reveals the fixed and changing nature of relations between countries. Therefore, it has become obligatory for every theory that tries to be effective and influential in the field of international relations to gather in a dialectical manner at the level of method and vision four basic units within it: description, analysis, interpretation, and foresight or prediction.
This research tries to stop when dealing with foresight or forecasting, as it constitutes a basic unit within the system of the structure of theories of international relations, by studying its determinants, effectiveness, impact, and procedural nature of its use as a mechanism of political analysis. In the short, medium and long term, in addition to trying to uncover any of the theories of international relations, whether they are idealistic theories, realistic theories, or liberal and constructive theories, which have the ability or ability to make foresight part of their structural characteristics and features, and thus be a fundamental pillar in their interpretive perspective of the foundations and principles on which international relations are based.
As for the treatment aspect, the research moves on two levels: the first: shedding light on the most important theories of effective and influential international relations, which through their statements have proven their presence in the international arena, and the second level: stopping at foresight or prediction as a research practice within the circle of political theorizing, and defining its characteristics and components, and the mechanisms and methods of its operation within the circle of theories of international relations, and most importantly, trying to uncover its procedural validity within the boundaries of those theories. We should also stop at the most important criticisms directed at those working in the Department of Foresight or Forecasting, or what is known as the "field of future studies ".

The issue of democracy in Iraq is an important and vital topic, because of its fundamental role in the political, social and economic life of the Iraqi society, as this concept formed the public and political life of all segments of the Iraqi society, and it was a turning point in the Iraqi political history, after decades of dictatorship, which was practiced by the Baath Party regime against Iraqi citizens, so the process of democratic transformation in Iraq is considered a difficult process and from all political, economic and societal aspects, and accompanied by The process is a complex problem that is still present to this day, and those problems varied according to the circumstances that accompanied the political process, such as transformations, intersections, and external and internal influences, and gave us an incomplete democracy as a result, which was ultimately reflected on the political life in Iraq as a whole, and on the life of the simple Iraqi citizen in particular.
The research concluded to multiple results, which are multiple problems that have become an obstacle to achieving a real democracy that takes into account the interest of the citizen, and one of those problems is the partisan and factional quota system resulting from the political consensus, as well as the rampant administrative and financial corruption resulting from the disappearance of the parliamentary opposition, which has the greatest role in the monitoring process of the executive apparatus in Iraq, so we seek in this research to identify these problems and try to find effective solutions to them .

The purpose of the present study is to reveal the impact resulting from the growth of investment opportunities achieved by industrial companies and their ability to maximize their values through the interactive role of profitability indicators, as most of the Iraqi industrial companies suffer from a lack of sustainable growth in their investment opportunities and thus their values decline despite the continuity of their business, and perhaps one of the most important reasons for this is the lack of accurate definition of profitability indicators, in the light of which profitable investment projects are selected and reflected in the future in maximizing value Thus maximizing the wealth of the shareholders.
The study population included industrial companies listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange, but the sample included fourteen companies for the period (2011-2022), and to test the hypotheses of the study, the statistical software (SPSS) was used.
The study reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which is the decline in the growth rate in the investment opportunities of the companies under study, which was reflected in the decline in their values, specifically the added market value, whether through the increase in the total assets owned by the company or through the increase in the price of its shares, and the study recommended a set of recommendations, the most important of which is the need for the companies in the study sample to pay attention to the application of profitability indicators, especially the net profit margin index, as this index is a measure of the financial performance of companies and a proof of the company's efficiency in managing its assets In an efficient manner, the result maximizes its value and thus maximizes the profitability of the shareholders.

Purpose : The research seeks to know the research directorate's interest in the strategic readiness of security in its dimensions (culture, leadership , teamwork, knowledge exchange ).
Methodology : For the purpose of achieving the research objectives, the descriptive-analytical approach was used relying on the questionnaire form as a tool to collect the necessary data, and the research relied on the statistical program (SMART PLS) in analyzing its data. A questionnaire form was designed to diagnose the level of strategic security readiness that included (12) paragraphs distributed over the dimensions of the variable .
Results : The research found that there is a weakness at the general level in some aspects of strategic security readiness.
The value of the research: The value of the research was that it shed light on the readiness of the security strategy and revealed some of its strengths and weaknesses, which requires those responsible for this strategy to take appropriate measures to enhance these aspects.

Objective: The present study sought to diagnose and test the relationship between sustainable leadership and banking performance, and to reveal the nature of the relationship between these two variables and to provide some suggestions to the studied banks in order to enhance its long-term performance.
Study Design: The study adopted the exploratory and descriptive-analytical approach in collecting, analyzing and interpreting data, and relied on the questionnaire form as the main tool in data collection for a sample of (147) employees in private banks in the Middle Euphrates region, and some statistical methods such as (SPSS V. 26, SmartPLS v.3.3.2) were used to analyze the study data and test its hypotheses.
Results: The results of the study showed that there is a real role of sustainable leadership in enhancing banking performance, and this was inferred through the hypotheses that were proven in the applied aspect of the study, in the existence of a significant correlation between sustainable leadership and banking performance, which means that the more banks focus on achieving the requirements of sustainable leadership, this would enhance their performance in the long term.
Study Parameters: The study faced many obstacles, including the difficulty of the study population's response to fill out the questionnaire form, which caused confusion for the researcher to obtain high-precision results.
Practical Applications: The study provided a set of recommendations, most notably the need for the banks in the study sample to conduct educational courses and educational seminars that show the importance of sustainable leadership and clarify the new global trend towards achieving sustainability and development in all fields, including banks, and emphasizing the role that sustainable leadership plays in business continuity through achieving strong working relationships and the ability to retain talented employees, as well as social responsibility practices.
Originality/Value: The study tried to bridge the knowledge gap by finding the logical relationship between its variables represented by sustainable leadership and banking performance.

The research seeks to know how to build the national cybersecurity strategy in the research directorate with its dimensions (effective government, legislative and regulatory dimension, cybersecurity technology, cybersecurity culture, research and development, compliance and implementation, readiness, international cooperation) by focusing on the strategic planning in the research directorate with its dimensions (strategic vision, strategic mission, strategic goals, environmental analysis, strategic option) as well as determining the level of the directorate\'s interest in strategic planning. Identifying the relationship between the correlation and impact between the two research variables .
For the purpose of achieving the research objectives, the descriptive-analytical method was used relying on the questionnaire form as a tool to collect the necessary data, and the research adopted the statistical program (SPSS v.23 (SMART PLS &).
Research Value :
The value of the research was that it shed light on the national cybersecurity strategy and revealed some of its strengths and weaknesses, which requires those responsible for this strategy to take appropriate measures to enhance these aspects by focusing on strategic planning .

The research aims to invest the national capital in the tourism industry in Iraq through the establishment of a five-star tourist hotel that includes rooms with regular and private suites, a restaurant, a gym and a conference hall, and contributes to filling the real need in the field of tourism industries for the region, and these industries are considered one of the necessary industries to encourage tourism in Iraq, especially in the city of Najaf because of their importance in this tourist city because of the historical, religious, sports and cultural monuments that the city enjoys, and the great role of the project In providing job opportunities and providing hard currencies that support the national economy and reduce the problem of unemployment.
It was based on the hypothesis that the establishment of a tourist hotel in Najaf Governorate contributes to the revitalization of tourism in Najaf Governorate, and represents an alternative opportunity to attract investors to invest in the city of Najaf. In order to test the research hypothesis and achieve its goal, the research section is divided into three chapters, the first chapter of which is dedicated to the theoretical and conceptual framework of feasibility studies, the second is the hotel feasibility study in Najaf Ashraf Governorate, and the third is dedicated to the practical aspect of studying the feasibility of establishing a tourist hotel in Najaf Ashraf Governorate.
The research concluded that the establishment of a tourist hotel in the city of Najaf provides job opportunities for the people of the province and contributes to reducing the problem of unemployment while training workers and developing their skills and abilities and achieves a good return, and the research recommended the need to prepare a feasibility study for any investment project to be established regardless of its type, size, goal, or financing party, because of its importance in making a rational investment decision. The competent one that ensures the acceptance of the project and its success by relying on standards, indicators and scientific foundations that complement each other.

The main content of the research is to know the nature of the relationship between trade policy and economic growth in Iraq, and the extent to which this policy exercises its role in stimulating economic growth in the country, as well as analyzing and measuring the relationship between it and economic growth for the period (2003-2020) using the (ARDL) model. It was concluded that this policy is directly related to the dependent variable in the short term and is not effective in the long term due to the rentier nature of the Iraqi economy and its near-total dependence on oil revenues.

The current research project aims to determine the impact of internal marketing on enhancing marketing excellence by analyzing the opinions of a sample of employees in some branches of government banks in Najaf Governorate. The research stems from a problem: a weakness in marketing excellence due to the limited adoption of internal marketing in the banks under study.
To address the research problem, the necessary data was collected using a questionnaire. The data was then classified and analyzed using established statistical methods. The questionnaire data was analyzed using the SPSS v.23 statistical analysis software (SMARTPLS) and Microsoft Excel. The descriptive-analytical approach was adopted in addressing the problem. The study sample consisted of 150 employees from government bank branches in Najaf Governorate.
The study reached conclusions, the most important of which is the existence of a significant positive relationship and influence of internal marketing on marketing excellence in the banks studied. The study concluded with a set of recommendations, the most important of which is the need for the banks studied to adopt the concept of marketing excellence and consider it as part of their culture.

The present study seeks to define financial flexibility in industrial companies and their practices to reach investment efficiency after identifying financial flexibility and the extent of its impact through its indicators (leverage, net cash flow, debt sceptibility) as an independent variable in investment efficiency with its indicators (asset turnover rate, working capital turnover rate, accounts receivable turnover rate, inventory turnover rate, return on investment rate) as a dependent variable.
In order to find the answer to this question, it was tested in Iraqi industrial companies and the study was applied to a sample of ten industrial companies using the financial data published on the website of the Iraq Stock Exchange, for the period of time (2012-2021).
The study sought to test its three main hypotheses related to the impact relationships between its variables in order to identify the questions raised and identify the problem through it to reach the goals and objectives that the study aspires to reach, including: diagnosing the level and role of both financial flexibility and investment efficiency in the industrial companies of the study sample, identifying the mechanisms and practices on which the study variables are based, with an indication of the difficulties and challenges facing the workers in implementing them and what are the ways to address and achieve them. In order to process the data, The use of many financial indicators and statistical methods, including unit root tests, linear correlation coefficient (Pearson) test, boundary test, and multiple linear regression, and the results were extracted using the statistical program Eviews_9).
The results of the current study showed that there is an effect of financial flexibility on investment efficiency during the period under study (2012-2021), and it was found through the test of the limits of the two variables of the current study that there is a long-term equilibrium relationship between the two variables of the study, and there is a correlation between financial flexibility and investment efficiency during the period under study (2012-2021).

The current research seeks to determine the nature of the influence relations and the correlation between emotional immersion in distinguished performance at the level of universities and private colleges in the holy province of Karbala and Babylon, and to achieve this, the measurement of one-dimensional emotional immersion was adopted and the outstanding performance was measured by five dimensions, namely (student and practical learning outcomes, customer focus results, human resources focus results, leadership and governance results, budget results, financial and market results) and the curriculum was relied on. The sample consisted of (205) faculty members, and a set of statistical methods and tools were used in data analysis, represented by natural distribution test, confirmatory factor analysis, descriptive statistics, correlation analysis (Pearson), structural equation modeling, and these methods were used on statistical programs (SPSS V.25). Amos V.25) The research reached a number of conclusions, the most important of which are: the interest of the departments in the private colleges and universities of the research sample in the emotional immersion in attracting faculty members and paying attention to their merits would enhance their distinguished performance and their superiority over competitors, and the research was concluded with a number of appropriate recommendations.

In light of the tensions witnessed in international relations, especially in Iraq, and the change in the nature and structure of threats against the security of the state, societies, and individuals, which are no longer a threat from specific countries, but from new forces produced by the international system, such as terrorism, cyber threats and other forms of non-traditional and modern threats, after countries adopted defense policies to ensure their national security, represented by (border security, preserving sovereignty, and non-interference in the internal affairs of the state), and after the change in the pattern of threats, they became of a This led the Iraqi state to realize these threats, which moved from the stages of challenges and raised the alarm with the beginning of the Iraqi state's post-2003 orientation to build its capacities and capabilities to get out of the scope of statelessness and the classifications of failed or fragile states, which contributed significantly to the delay in building a strong, modern and modern Iraqi state, and contributed to political, economic and social instability and cast a negative shadow on all levels The instability contributed to the adoption of the principle of "crisis relay", which naturally led to the impact and impact of these threats and how to deal with them flexibly and effectively or not, but successive administrations have built new defensive or remedial strategies to confront these various threats.

The city of Najaf operates as an urban center of prominent cultural and religious importance, and is witnessing rapid urban development. This research deals with a comprehensive analysis of the indicators of the concentration of urban land uses in the city. The analysis focuses on the geographical, economic, social, urban, and human characteristics of the city, in addition to the study of the approved urban and basic plans.
The paper reviews and analyzes land uses in the city until 2023 in detail. The research also addresses the concentration in the city center and the determinants of urban development, and provides a detailed analysis of land use using advanced planning methods such as standard distance, the nearest neighbor method, and the Simpson index.
Based on the results and analyses, it is clear that understanding land-use concentration indicators plays a crucial role in guiding urban development towards a sustainable future. Providing recommendations that contribute to improving the distribution of land uses and preserving the cultural and environmental identity of the city, which is one of the important challenges of the future.

Social and demographic factors have an important impact on working women, as these factors work on the different economic and family characteristics of working women and the extent of their importance in work, as working women are an important link in the labor market in various societies, and they have a significant role in economic and social development. Over time, women have witnessed improvements in employment opportunities and participation in the labor market, including the air transport sector. For many flights and travelers in the region.
Women working at Baghdad International Airport are influenced by a range of social and demographic factors that can affect their professional and personal lives. The most important of these factors are:
Employment and Career Opportunities: Women are affected by the availability of job opportunities at Baghdad International Airport and the employment policies in place. Womens employment may be challenged if there is discrimination or preference for males in certain jobs and because of social traditions and values that in society usually affect womens participation in the labor market. Women may be exposed to social pressures that limit their ability to work outside the home or work in an environment that is considered untraditional to womens roles. In addition, working women face challenges in balancing their work requirements with personal responsibilities, such as family life and motherhood.

The research entitled (Cultural Patterns in the Productions of Pioneering Iraqi Women Potters), which contained four chapters, the first chapter was concerned with the methodological framework of the research from the research problem, which ended with the question about the systematic vision of Iraqi academic potters and the reflection of that vision in their artistic productions, and the first chapter contained the research objective, which is: (Identifying the systematic vision of Iraqi academic potters and its reflections on their artistic outputs), while the research limits were:
• Thematic Limit: Cultural Patterns in the Productions of Pioneering Iraqi Women Potters
• Temporal Limit: The Works of Iraqi Pioneering Women Potters from (2003-2023)
• Spatial boundary: Iraq
The second chapter (the theoretical framework) may consist of three topics, the first topic deals with (formats and their frameworks in plastic art), the second topic (philosophical trends of feminist formation), and the third topic (Iraqi feminist plastic art).
The third chapter (research procedures) which included the research community consisting of (78) works of art, its sample, research methodology, research tool and sample analysis of (3) ceramics by pioneering Iraqi potters.
Chapter Four (Findings and Conclusions) It included research results, conclusions, recommendations and suggestions.
The researcher reached a number of results, including:
1. The cultural patterns in the contemporary ceramic achievement of the pioneering women ceramic artists in Iraq relied on their knowledge output in analyzing civilizational references and their reflection in their products.
2. The cultural pattern of the pioneering potters has been influenced by all modern artistic currents, and their relationship with the appearance of the ceramic work on the one hand, and the geometric abstraction on the other.
The researcher reached a number of conclusions, including:
1. The pioneering potter deliberately shows the emotional energies of the people she encounters in her daily and community life through artistic ceramic achievements.
2. The use of pioneering pottery of Islamic and ancient heritage, through color painting or the use of Arabic calligraphy.