journal of Basic Sciences

Abstract:
This paper aims at identifying intellectual humility among Al-Qadisiyah University and Baghdad University faculty members according to gender; male-female, major; humanities, sciences, rank; assistant lecturer, lecturer; assistant professor-professor, and affiliation; Al-Qadisiyah, Baghdad, variables. To do so, an analytical four-aspect Krumrei-Mancuso- based model of investigation has been designed. These four aspects are intellectual openness, consideration of others' viewpoints, lack of intellectual confidence, independent intellectuality and egoism. The synethized test, then, was applied to a randomized 336 ,male and female, faculty member sample, of Al-Qadisiyah and Baghdad Universities.
The sample-administered test showed that Al-Qadisiyah University and Baghdad University faculty members developed a remarkable intellectual humility. There are, additionally, statistically significant gender-related humility frequencies for males.
As for majors, no statistically significant differences have been noticed. In ranks and academic titles, statistically significant differences have been higher in assistant professors and professors than in lower ranks. In affiliations, faculty members in Baghdad University had a higher intellectual humility than those in Al-Qadisiyah University

Abstract
Syntactic relations in Arabic clause structure are an important paradigm on which text is based in sentence structure in order to produce a set of linguistic methods through semantic links. Sentences are often connected by synthetic patterns, and elision may render a sentence compound or complex. This is possible by inserting two thoughts in a single complex sentence containing two clauses connected semantically. While semantic connection requires no clause-to-clause link, complex sentences, on the other hand, need a local, physical connection. Such clause structure is highly dominant in legal language, namely in the Iraqi civil code, as the lexical connection is remarkably noticeable in clause formation to achieve multiple senses and references. These formations are, also, subject to context and grammatical surroundings, which explains why legal language can suggest various senses. These text-based variations of meaning interfere with syntactic relations through verbal linkages, ones that help specify legal discourse, including intra-clausal merging, elision, recapitulation, and valence

Abstract
Primary education is an important educational service in the development of learners’ intellectuality and mentality. It is concerned with ordinary pupils, special-needs individuals, slow-learning people, and people with disabilities. Such cases are quite common in both developed and advanced countries, and they are characterized by mentally-ill learners, dyslexic learners, speech and hearing impaired learners, and pathologically unsound learners. The study aims at recognizing the special primary education pupils across urban Kut schools. It is limited in scope to special-needs, special education-receiving learners, especially those with minor disabilities enrolled in public schools. The study found that there is an apparent disparity in the description of special education pupils across urban Kut schools, based on several high-impact factors. These factors are age of the pupil, disability, and social status. The study, additionally, found that there is imbalanced distribution of special educational classes across urban Kut schools, and while there are entire neighborhoods with single special education classes, there are several schools in a single neighborhood. Most of these imbalances and irregularities are caused by such other factors as population rise and socio-economic circumstances.

Abstract
The investigation of grammatical levels, namely in Quranically-based references of sounds, has been an important linguistic theme. This was based on the traditional interpretations and accounts of sounds in Quranic verses, as these interpretations are various and multiple in the consideration of every single sound in the Holy Quran. This explicatory variation, therefore, has led to different interpretations with regard to judgments, this is because a text interpretation may contrast a sound interpretation. This paper, accordingly, questions how sound meaning has been effective in text interpretation in Quran.

Turkey’s new strategy is embodied in a regional and international role of influence through which it can embrace westernization, namely the European Union and the Trans-Atlantic America. Turkey, therefore, has been striving to join European organizations, such as the European common market, The Council of Europe, and Europe’s Security and Cooperation Organization. Turkey’s ruling party has been working hardly to advance Turkey’s interests in the regional perspective and this is noticeable in the Turkish presence in the Arab region, the Gulf, the Caspian region, and the Eurasian region. Turkey’s strategic position has helped expand neo-Ottomanism. These are stakes upon which Turkey bases its odds and challenges across the Europe-Asia intersections. Turkey is viewed, by the, majority Muslim communities, as the spearhead of the Islamic cause, in the Middle East and the surrounding regions. This paper, accordingly, investigates Turkey’s role as an influential player in Central Asia, Europe, Middle East, and Asia, and how its expansionist policy encounters multiple political and geopolitical challenges.

Abstract
The present paper aims at defining " The Education Quality Standards and their Relationship to Mathematics Information Processing Methods for Students of the Fourth Stage of Mathematics Departments in the Faculties of Education"
To a cheive the aims of the paper, the following puestions are supptes:
1- What is the level of The Education Quality Standards for Students of the Fourth Stage of Mathematics Departments in the Faculties of Education?
2- What is the level of the Mathematics Information Processing Methods for Students of the Fourth Stage of Mathematics Departments in the Faculties of Education? ?
3- Is there a relation between The Education Quality Standards and their Relationship to Mathematics Information Processing Methods for Students of the Fourth Stage of Mathematics Departments in the Faculties of Education?
The sample of the paper is composed of (315) male and female Students Adopted (47%) of the Research Community for Students of the Fourth Stage of Mathematics Departments in the Faculties of Education/ Middle Euphrates Universities.
The sample is chosen randomly. The Education Quality Standards are specified by (9) Standards . While The Mathematics Information Processing Methods (Deep Processing , Extended Processing , Keep the Facts , Methodological Study) .
The Researcher Prepared a Scale The Education Quality Standards was (45) leaps. While the number of leaps for the Scale of the Mathematics Information Processing Methods was (24) leaps depending on the type of test and the studyends up with the following reswlts: The Education Quality Standards are very good Except for Writing a Machine Learning Algorithm, While attetchment a relation between the Quality of Education and the Mathematics Information Processing Methods for Students of the Fourth Stage of Mathematics Departments in the Faculties of Education are good

Abstract
In this paper, speech act theory is applied to poetic discourse with an emphasis on Sayyid Al-Hemiary’s poems. This is achieved by analyzing the verbal structures used in the said poems given the nature of these poems as to imagery and doctrinal aspects. Speech acts, hence, used in these poems purportedly suggest persuasion, direction, and intention. Additionally, there are several sub-themes questioned here, among which are the nature of poetic discourse, as distinguished of other discourse types, the characteristics of poetics, the pragmatic perspective of discourse sub-genres, and the identification of poetic language, which is possible through the contexts of formation, the levels of addressees, and the intentions of poetic discourse. This raises further problematic issues, that is how to address the discourse meaning, as a creative communicative unit, whose structure follows its communication functions. How the pragmatic analysis in speech act theory semi-consideration goes beyond performative discourse, as a whole communicative effective means. How the pragmatic analysis unfolds locutionary acts in the formation of the entire performative discourse. This paper, therefore, addresses these issues and questions to reach inconclusive findings, and this is, probably, can be achieved by understanding locutionary forces and acts in poetic discourse

Abstract
Speech acts are used in Al-Jahidh’s Misers, with the existence of a three-act level (locutionary, illocutionary, perlocutionary) following Austin’s (1975) speech act theory. The locutionary act is the production of sentences in communication, and it is used in Misers for stating and describing things. The illocutionary act is concerned with advising and warning, and it is also used in Misers, in the Sahl Ibn Harun’s treatise. The said treatise contained several examples of locutionary and illocutionary acts. As for perlocutionary act, it is used in Misers by commissives which are left to speakers and addressees to understand and represent. As for the five-act classification, it expressly suggests the semantic and performative force of actions and meanings following Al-Jahidh’s style. The Misers proved that Al-Jahidh used commissives, directives, expressives, declaratives, and represntatives

Abstract
This research aims at recognizing middle students’ systemic intelligence at a Wasit education context, by realizing ruminant thought patterns and the variable correlations separating intelligence from thought. The study is limited to middle students (males and females) engaged in classes through (2021-2020). To achieve the aim of the research, Tourmaneen’s (2012) criterion of systemic intelligence was followed in analysis. The 50 paragraph-model is subdivided into eight dimensions (systemic awareness 1-6, harmony and alignment 7-12, positive integration 13-17, meditation 18-26, direction 27-35, discovery vitality 36-40, wise action 41-45, and active response 46 -50). As for ruminant thoughts, Siriki’s (2010) model of ruminant patterns was followed. This is a 3 independent sub-scale model, involving sad rumination (13) items, rumination response (10) paragraphs, and rumination of anger (19) paragraphs. Scale characteristics in honesty and stability were confirmed. These two tools were applied to a 200-student sample of population, randomly selected and equally distributed. Following analysis and test administration, the paper concluded that the sampled subject demonstrated a high level of systemic intelligence. They, also, demonstrated a high level of ruminant ideas patterns. The correlation between the research variables was direct and statistically significant.

Abstract
The responsibility to achieve social care has become one of the main tasks of governments in modern societies, and they cooperate in order to achieve this with many related professions and specializations, including the profession of social work that deals with human problems and various issues directly or indirectly, whether through its intervention at the therapeutic level or It can be said that the social worker has a clear role in practicing social policy and its impact on achieving justice and contributing to the formulation of a new social policy commensurate with the cultural and legal framework in society and in institutions with Relationship to social service activities in the country. The study reached a number of results in the field of social policy practice, as well as a number of proposals and recommendations in the field of the importance of the role of the social specialist in the field of influencing social policy.

Abstract
Suspense is an artistic and rhetorical device to express an elegant and beautiful discourse. This element is well-formed in linguistically and rhetorically constructed works especially in poetry. Mohammed Iqbal of Lahore was a well-known Pakistani revolutionary and literature-reviving poet. In Iqbal\'s poems, there exist many poetically meaningful forms of creativity and sense. This paper, therefore, considers the above-mentioned aspects with emphasis on two poems by Iqbal. The paper hypothesizes that sensitive poetic elements can be drawn on in understanding sensuality as a poetic intention. This is achieved by focusing on the key meanings and intentions implicated in these poems. To do so, the paper attempts an indepth analysis of the aesthetic effects and forms, by realizing their structure and assigning their senses.
Keywords: Mohammed Iqbal; Urdu poetry; Sensuality; Rhetorical devices; Poetic intentions; Farsi influence.

Undoubtedly, magic and sorcery have a history as old as human history. Fantasy and its process is one of the topics that can be studied in literature. Iranian epics have similar dimensions. Especially since they are closely related to myths, legends and epics. Among the common components in fantasy texts are magic and sorcery. This article, which is written by descriptive-analytical method, is an attempt to address the similarities and differences between the use of this component in the system of Garshaspnameh and Faramarznameh and Banogshspnameh. In order to achieve the result, an attempt has been made to first provide a brief definition of fantasy and then to examine the characteristics of Garshasp, Faramarz and Banogshsp in the mentioned systems. Finally, by mentioning the evidence, the frequency of use of magic and the reason for the superiority of Garshaspnameh in the dimensions of magic fantasy should be compared. In comparing the frequency of using these elements, first there is Garshaspnameh and then Faramarznameh and finally Banu Gashsapnameh. Among the reasons for this superiority in Garshaspnameh, we can consider the existence of travel and its types and the poet's mentality, as well as his closeness to the Khorasani style compared to the other two poems.

Abstract
The study aims to know the severity of stuttering among a sample of middle school students and work to reduce the severity of stuttering through the effectiveness of a training program with an innovative device.
The study sample consisted of (6) students suffering from stuttering, age between (13-15) years, and the researchers used the stuttering severity scale (Relay) and a training program with an innovative device prepared by the researchers.
The hypotheses of the study were - there are statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the pre-measurement and the post-measurement on the stutter intensity scale of the study sample.
There were no statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the post-measurement and the tracer measurement on the scale of stuttering severity of the study sample.
The results of the study were there are statistically significant differences between the averages of the scores of the pre-measurement and the post-measurement on the stutter intensity scale in favor of the post-measurement, which indicates the validity of the hypothesis.
And there are no statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the post-measurement and the tracer measurement (for two months ) On the scale of stuttering severity of the study sample, and this indicates the validity of the hypothesis.
These results are due to the effect of the training program with an innovative device to reduce the severity of stuttering among the study sample.
The researchers recommended the necessity of establishing psychological and social rehabilitation centers for those who are stuttering, so that they can adapt and harmonize with society, so that stuttering does not leave major psychological effects that negatively affect their lives in the future

This paper is testing how effective is a proposed teaching model in developing and enhancing active open thinking strategies among the College of Education undergraduates following the socio-constructive theory of achievement. To do so, the paper adopted a descriptive and experimental methodology in analysis. The sample selected for analysis involved 80 male and female undergraduates of the Department of Private Education, College of Basic Education, Babylon University. The test group included 40 undergraduates assigned to the socio-constructive learning theory-based proposed teaching model. The control group involved 40 male and female undergraduates assigned to traditional teaching methods. The variables are age, intelligence, previous knowledge, and academic achievement. The tools of analysis included a two-technique method; the first technique is a 40-item multiple-choice questions. The second technique is a 36-item active open thinking test. The study findings showed that the socio-constructive learning-based proposed teaching-educated group exceeded the traditional method-educated group.