LARK JOURNAL FOR PHILOSOPHY , LINGUISTICS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES

This research deals with the poetry of nature in the balinary in terms of description and employment, as well as known as the poet, his poetry and his environment, and divides the researcher's research into an introduction, investigations and conclusion through which the poetry of civilization and the silent cosmic nature, and how it is received in the poetry of al-Rasafi, between description and diagnosis and employment, and the researcher deliberated on the descriptive analytical method of exploring this study, and concluded the study a number of conclusions and recommendations including the researcher in the conclusion of the research.

Regarding the critics toward the Arabic grammar as a figural grammar without content, It aims to prevent errors utterance. So, it was came out in a ready molded criterion, and the learner's duty is only to read and memorize them. And forgetting that most of the linguistic texts and grammatical witnesses are not clear from the content which has a benefit at the linguistic utilization , and related hardly with semantics and discourse ambiguity, that has many purposes and goals. So, it is not a totally figural

The educationalism of languages seeks, in its approach to the educational process of the linguistic subject, to answer questions related to the subject itself, methods of teaching it, the desired objectives of teaching this linguistic subject, and the educational needs of the learner. On this basis, this article tries to demonstrate the importance of educationalism in teaching rhetoric as a linguistic subject, as it requires educational However, we focus this intervention on metaphor as a rhetorical teacher that the student learns and examines in it. Our research will go in two main tracks that search for the following two problems:

The poem of the nineties in Iraq, whether published through the governmental institution or through private publishing, is known as the literature of cloning and expressing that era. Thirteen long years and what caused it from the kinds of woes and effects on the life level, as well as the oppressive political repression that led to the confiscation of any different opinion. The poet lived the ninetieth, like the rest of the Iraqi people, sharing the pain, and he turned that suffering into a store of important experiences, which helped him build His own language, which distinguished his poetic output among its features, the short poem and the simplicity of the often expressive language. The foreword tried to give an image that would not be perfect, but just as the fat hunt in the ninetieth poetry, I tried to get to know the depth and the sides, especially the poetic styles that took on the prevalence and spread. The research was, in all his interest, to point out the styles he found in the poetic texts Which has become a clear advantage, and this does not mean that it was monopolized by them. Rather, these methods were developed on their hands, such as shorthand, stance, daily, neglected, paradox, contrast, poetic biography, the presence of the other text and the margin. As for the conclusion, the research was done to reach the most essential points in that experience, while noting the sources and references on which it was based.

The aim of this research is to identify the Andalusia Ibn Al-Barraq Al-Wadi Ashi , whose most of his poetry and biography had been lost, as well as many Andalusia poets. So this research is hoped to be the first step to shed the light on the poet’s life and poetry and to document his poetry as other writers do. It is also hoped that this research would pave the way , God willing , to the steps of finding more references about this poet

This research dealt with the semantic values of sounds in the poem Al-Hata (and Tawi Three) and the study showed that Al-Huta was a concern for the internal rhythm of its text, and this was represented in its choice of linguistic voices and the inclusion of each other to cause the recipient a cosmetic shock through the audio compatibility of the text, which is also in the consistency of the voice output In addition to engineering the distribution and repetition of syllables in a certain way, and ultimately to achieve that harmony and phoneme consistency between the sound components of the inner rhythm of the text.

The Arabic language was honored by Almighty Allah with the Quranic language, regarding that it had a great, holy and immortal status. Hence, no other existed global language can compete it in vocabularies richness, pronunciation perfection and styles variety. This paper concerns with the Quranic utterance that has multi patterns, formula, structures and connotations. The word is "Laqia" to detect a brilliant side of the eloquence of Quran, and its multi-structure, analyzing its convergent styles through the use of meanings and distinguishing the accurate differences. The Qur'anic discourse styles were varied to the believers to confront the enemies by using the "calling" style and others. The word "Liqaa" can mean the enemy confrontation or others, and may refer to the meeting of others and happy events, or refers to the reward in the day of Judgment or refers to posing a question, or refers to the multi of predicates at the verbal sentence and nominal sentence specially at Mouse's story. Also, this word means throwing enmity and hatred between the disbelievers. It also refers to the last day (The Upper world.

The Arabic language was honored by Almighty Allah with the Quranic language, regarding that it had a great, holy and immortal status. Hence, no other existed global language can compete it in vocabularies richness, pronunciation perfection and styles variety. This paper concerns with the Quranic utterance that has multi patterns, formula, structures and connotations. The word is "Laqia" to detect a brilliant side of the eloquence of Quran, and its multi-structure, analyzing its convergent styles through the use of meanings and distinguishing the accurate differences. The Qur'anic discourse styles were varied to the believers to confront the enemies by using the "calling" style and others. The word "Liqaa" can mean the enemy confrontation or others, and may refer to the meeting of others and happy events, or refers to the reward in the day of Judgment or refers to posing a question, or refers to the multi of predicates at the verbal sentence and nominal sentence specially at Mouse's story. Also, this word means throwing enmity and hatred between the disbelievers. It also refers to the last day (The Upper world.

We live in an era where the literary people showing lots of interests in interpreting it’s action and framing its facts, or imagining possible facts which are possible to turn into reality, using a method which is one of the most widespread means; due to it’d ability to cut-short scenes as big as the world, and the author cut from specific time and place to narrate it in influential artistic literary method of a reformist nature.
Although the novel generally discussing the subjects of identity, belonging, and life difficulties facing man, but the most prominent theme in the novels of Mahmood Saeed is concentrating on the Eros dimension among all the subjects which are associated with woman body, and how the reflection of life and political defeats reflects on practicing it, using descriptions indicating his eagerness to show them more than other elements, while we find novels where he evoke the body of woman in more realistic and touching to the life circumstances in the novels of Hadeya Hussain, whom the research has taken examples from them with other examples of Mahmood Saeed novels as subjects of study through two dialogues starting with introductory and ending with conclusion.

We made this manuscript for the great scholar Sheikh Abdul Sami Al-Yazdi. And when we wanted to write about his life, we browsed the books of translations and other sources, hoping that we would obtain a full translation of the life of Sheikh Abd al-Sami al-Yazdi, and we found only a few who mentioned him We copied the manuscript according to modern spelling rules, and we indicated the end of the pages with the symbol [1 and] to denote the end and atmosphere of the paper [1v] to denote the end of the back of the paper, and we produced what needed to graduate each according to its source, and we presented to the investigation a brief translation of the author and his manuscript.

This research seeks to reveal the spatial image of Karbala in the Turkish poetry scene through an approach that follows a comparative methodology. It is trying to determine the points of convergence between the image of Karbala as a summoned historical discourse and the Turkish poetic discourse that emerged from a special understanding of Karbala with its spatial dimension and the ideological shades it carried, especially those that transformed it from the real area to the imagined and ideological one. In light of its advanced strategy, the research proceeded according to a plan in which it was divided into two topics. As for the first, it was busy providing a theoretical survey of the terminological title materials (Karbala - The Spatial Dimension - The History of Turkish Literature), while the other formed a field that accommodated the applied procedural moves, and revealed the most important manifestations of the dimension and its symbolism, which recorded an effective presence in the readable text. It also indicates that the poets were influenced by the Arabic and Islamic names of ideological figures, sacred places, and historical narratives in relation to the Ahl al Bayt (peace be upon them).

The research deals with some concepts, conceptual approaches, based on clarifying the relationship between these concepts, so that citation and representation are equal - for example They are working on explaining the rule and approximating it so that it can be understood by the reader, and the reasoning is unique in its rational and transport methods, and the citation is reduced to eloquent texts in good representation it is made with texts made and not eloquent from prose and poetry.

The research includes examining the effectiveness of popular ideals in reaching the meaning of the placement , the indicative effect of his placement on the poet's poet Mufaq Mohammad. The research highlights important aspects of the poet's life, the justification for employment and its psychological, political and social implications for his entire life, and his creativity in the process of poet.
The research also includes a study of the most prominent recruitment techniques that the poet has deliberately pursued, how he called popular examples and their stories, and the nature of the self-experiences he had in that regard.

The religious heritage bodies of understanding the holy texts and their different interpretations prepared the required cultural trends to the religious man ardency to crash anyone who affirms they are the enemy of Allah. Regarding that, many Arabic novels had motivated to confront such complex problems that imposed strongly on our life. So, the researcher through his entitled paper " The religious violence assimilation at the Arabic Novels- The 2018 Booker Prize short list as a model" will stand on the religious violence assimilation at these novels, and showing their contribution in restricting the influences of these practices on different levels

Away from the controversy surrounding the theory of the grammatical factor, past and present, this research is based on highlighting an issue of the factors, which is the strengthening of the action of the verb. And actions - even if they are the strongest factors - may be attained by weakness in certain places for some reason, so that their effect does not reach their action except with a tonic that is supplemented by it by associating it with its action. Therefore, this research worked on an explanation of the concept of the grammatical factor, its importance, and the foundations of his classification, and an explanation of the places in which the action is weak, and the reasons for this weakness.

The two fold-words system is one of the foundations of pre-Islamic Arabic poetry and its rules, the poet should bind in the process of making the eternal poem, he/she uses his method based on distributing the meaning or idea between the head of the poetic verse and his impotence by dividing the idea that guarantees its independence and uniqueness in one of them. Contracts, this method was canceled by poets who witnessed development in the environment, urbanization and cultural cognitive diversity In the Abbasid era and beyond from the eras following it. Consequently, they resorted to creating new poetic arts or forms that respond to the requirements of these ages, accordingly, among these arts that were mentioned in the book “The Breeze of pre-dawn with the mentioned of who is Sha’aa and tells poems”, but did not use the two fold-words system are: the double, the takhmis, the dowwash and the mawali.

The circumstances that the Arab citizen suffered created the art of irony, for the individual has suffered many problems in his society, which is dominated by paradoxes and political and social conflicts, and the accompanying marginalization of the Arab and intellectual self and neglecting the simplest of what serves this absentee personality. This had a special impact on the same neglected and marginalized Arab intellectual, and we can say that irony in Arab literature was the result of the crisis and the reality of contradictions and paradoxes that contradict the hopes of the Arab citizen and even the Arab intellectual in particular. The subject of study in the group of satirical writer
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The study is an attempt to combine the old morphological text with one of the modern linguistic approaches, such a study has not previously undertaken. In other words, the research tries to re-read our ancient linguistic heritage in the lens of modern linguistic theories. The instrument for this study utilizes one of the interpretations of the Holy Qur’an for one of the most outstanding scholars of his time in the twelfth century. He is Muhammad Ibn Muhammad Ridha Al-Mashhadi, who died within the limits of (1125 AH). The most important result of the study is that the Arabic language is considered as a great sea, containing precious treasures exemplified by the efforts of the ancient scholars. Therefore, modern theories should be employed to re-read our textual heritage in the lens of modernity. The research is considered as an effort to break the bondage of the traditional means of morphological study, concerning finding the gaps among different scholars and highlighting the disagreement and agreement between scholars. Such task is not the real goal of morphological study.

The poetic proverb is closely related to the science of statement (metaphor, metaphor) is closely related, so the analogy is the origin of the same because it depends on representation and analogy, especially in proverbs because its goal is advice and guidance, as well as metaphor is a powerful means aimed at influencing the recipient’s soul and moving his feelings to influence him depending on the ability of The poet is concerned with manipulating words and conveying his idea and purpose in the shortest way. As for metonymy, it depicts the sensual side using the environment that surrounded the poet.

" You, Judah, have as many gods as you have towns; and the altars you have set up to burn incense to that shameful god Baal are as many as the streets of Jerusalem.'” - Jeremiah 11:13/ Old Testament
Thus, the Prophet Jeremiah described the influence of the Jews of Babylonian exile on the basis of adopting the principles of Babylon religious beliefs of polytheism and Idolatry, like the rest of Mesopotamia, even after returning from the period of deportation to their homeland Jerusalem in Palestine in the 6th century B.C.
The inhabitants of Mesopotamia obviously took a great care for their gods and allocated cult centers in most cities of ancient Iraq and they built temples and renovated them and threw them out of their care, which they believed gave them their help and care throughout their lives, and religion had a big share in their lives it is the one whom determines the behavior of human beings and organizes their customs, traditions, and the judge of treatment of the individual in that society and a reflection and a mirror to form a nature of the connections, connecting him with the surroundings in which they lives, the people believed that there is a large number of goddesses reached 3000 and documented by their cuneiform scripts, as it organized the affairs of the world and the universe and took care of the interests of human beings on earth and the different preference of gods from others was in the complex of the divine gods (Pantheon): trinity, savoy and others according to the service they provide to humans in their daily lives.
Each aspect and elements of nature or a matter of life or a general phenomenon were Identified by a god and the triangle of the goddess in the shape of symbols and signs, and what we are interested in in this regard is the allocation of certain cities by the names of those many gods as a kind of veneration or The replacement of the blessing upon them when they called these nomenclature and their names, and some of them may represent an mortmain property to the temples of God in other centers of god, income for the permanence and recovery of temples, provided by the fields and orchards of agricultural benefits, yields, crops and food.

This research deals with the Italian economy in the First World War, and discusses the most important policies that Italian governments dealt with the war economy, especially in the sectors of agriculture, industry and financial policy, the research hypothesis is: How can a fragile economy that lacks the basic ingredients to fight a modern war? In an attempt to answer this question through a systematic plan deals with this research. Through studying this topic, we found that some economic sectors, especially industrial, witnessed a remarkable development during the war, while the agricultural sector witnessed great problems, as well as the absence of a fiscal policy that addresses the problems of the war and its effects, and these problems had a major role in the Italian political changes after 1922.

This paper sheds light on some Mosuli personalities that were written in (al-durar aL-kamina by Ibn Hajjar AL-Asgalani They travelled to Bilad al-sham and Egypt,the reasons which prompted made those personalities to leave Mosul and travel to those countries .The civilizational contribution of the Mosuli personalities has been in variety of fields ,among which their contribution to religious sciences especially in Hadith and the ways of reading of the Quran,Those personalities were also outstanding in the administrative and scientific fields.Some became poets,Literary–men and physicians and some wrote works and held administrative positions and important official positions in the Mamluk state Some of those personalities were distinguished in the domain of economy mainly,in particular trade
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Muslims in Mecca and Medina knew many types of perfumes in the Umayyad period and traded and used them in various aspects of their religious and social lives, as they used them to perfume Al-Majd Al-Haram and Al-Masjd Al-Nabawai. But what are the perfumes? What are their types? What are their sources? What are their importance in Islam? What is the attitude of Islam towards them? The research reached a set of conclusions and recommendations.

The cuneiform texts have shown the most ancient endeavours in mimicking voices that can be heard by human beings from human beings or animals or from some other natural phenomena or some thing else that are felt by some other inanimate object movements and then to express this through direct mimicking the voice, or how to express the way of expressing the voices by writing and to make these voices so clear, so that it would be so obvious as if these voices are real and to connected it with spelling voices by their meanings. They are classified as names or verbs. The importance of study is to collect these spelling voices else the animal-depending on the dictionary of Akkadian language that is written in both Arabic and English, where we have found that those spelling need to be analysed.

Baghdad crosses one of the oldest Arab capitals in the world. It has a coherent cultural, archaeological and cultural heritage over the years. The civilization of Babylon and Assyria has occupied the world for centuries, and there are many important historical buildings that are located in Baghdad, including streets, schools, homes, and many civilized witnesses. These witnesses were witness On the era of cultural, intellectual and social renaissance boom, but due to the conditions that the country went through, these buildings were exposed to many problems, including neglect, erosion, and climate conditions, as well as the expansion of the city, and thus the urbanization of the city crept upon it, which affected them and that joy and sophistication is no longer in it Here comes the role of the engineer and the archaeological, artistic and researcher and legislator in order to work to maintain these buildings and rehabilitation and work to re-work out and mix with the pillars of modern buildings, as in the Rashid Street, the school Mustansiriya, mosques and churches scattered here and there.

After the fall of the Zandi state with the grace of Klanter and his assistance the Shah Mohammad Agha wasable to establish the rules of the Kajari state and wanted to actually have what it wants for some European countries competing for Iran's economic and political capabilities and other success throughitsrelations and penetration with in TheHouseof Kajari and the heads of its ministries in addition to Iran's interenal situation which was full of surprises that are not envied and undermined the Kajarstate or was the first step of the weakness of the Kajar state of the departure of clantr andthe refuge ofAlmazindirani the research Found it necessary to divide the rsearch into an introduction and three topics and a conclusion ,where the first topic as a prelude to the background of the conflict and its beginngs between Abraham Kalanter , who preceded Almazindirani and the latter with a brief description of the personal and political biography of Almazindirani. The second topic focused on Almazindirani talking the lead ,in the third, which focused on the mainconflicts and foreign interventions and lran`s foreign policy under the reign of fath Ali Shah two residents are looking for a modest assessment of the sandalniers to his death.

In addition to being a wife and mother practiced some of the professions practiced by men and created creativity recorded by historical sources, the Andalusian woman in general has gained a prominent place in her society through her participation in various fields of life. On the political side, women played a very important and dangerous role, especially the women of the Umayyad wives of the princes and caliphs, by interfering in the affairs of the state by providing advice and expressing their opinion.

Iraqi society needs a government system where the people become citizens gathered by the spirit of cooperation and common solidarity to achieve social structure. The study objectives include learning the specified concepts such as development, poverty , marginalizing, participation, social class and the kind of relation between them and the good governance and know the important strategic matters in the development process to serve the good governance, reconstruct it and to reach the learning of how to reconstruct Iraq after wars and armed violence and why the development is an important in reconstruction. The findings of the study showed that good governance enforce and support human welfare as it expand the human abilities and chooses on economic, political and social levels. The good governance makes elected political leadership and administrative staff that are committed to develop the society resources, serve the people and improve their standard of life, living and welfare, as well as all the people, are equal under the slogan of development and good governance.

The study aimed to identify the level of strategic planning and the degree of university administration practice for heads of departments at the University of Wasit from the faculty point of view and the relationship between them. The researcher adopted the relational descriptive approach. The research community consisted of (954) teaching in the Faculties of Education for Humanities and Pure Sciences. The research sample was chosen randomly, and the number of the sample members reached (200) teaching staff. A questionnaire was adopted that included (40) paragraphs distributed among the fields (future vision, laws and regulations, organizational structure, and implementation) for strategic planning and a questionnaire for university administration consisting of (45) paragraphs distributed between three areas and the researcher made sure of their validity and consistency. The results of the research data were analyzed using the (SPSS) program, and the researcher reached conclusions, including the level of strategic planning for department heads from the faculty point of view was average, and there were no differences attributable to the variable (gender, specialization) and the degree of university management practice was also moderate and the presence of a direct correlation between the two variables. Based on the results of the research, many recommendations were formulated.

The aim of the Current research is to know "Islamic values included in the course of the Glorious Quran and Islamic Education for the third grade of primary school and the extent to which the strengthens these values
The researcher has adopted a method of content analysis to extract Islamic values taken from the sentence and the phrase unit in the analysis process, and the frequency and percentage values were monitored after the use of another teacher with experience in the field of education.
And also in content analysis to,(82.2) this is considered good
The researcher worked out a model on how to extract the domain s and values of each domain after setting a special standard for it, andpresenting it to the arbitrators who are familiar with this domain. The research reached some results: The book of the Noble Qur’an and Islamic education contains (495) values divided into four domains
Where the nodal domains came in the first place, where it reached (205) value, and the moral in the second rank amounted to (176) value, and the third rank was the devotional domain and reached (59) value, and in the fourth place was the social field and its total value was (55) value.

This research concerns about instinctual art in the ceramic works of ancient Iraq, it lies in four chapters, first one concerned about clarifying the research's problem, importance of the research, need for it, limits and specifying terms mentioned in the research, problem of the research tackled with the concept of instinctually in the nature of work, in spite of that there were many works and artistic shapes that characterized with instinctual features that moved to the surface of artistic work. Importance of work was embodied from the fact that the research shows an obvious idea about the existence of instinct and extent of employing it in the ceramic. The aim of research is to discover the instinct in the ceramic of ancient Iraq, the research was limited to the period (Era of the races dawn) then it was finalized with specifying terms of instinct.

Concept of alienation is considered a rooting feature in the products of artists due to their moving away from every natural things, and their undergoing to engineering maniac that liberates them from earning the natural shapes, and to submitting more fantasy forms full with meanings and evidences that contradicts with to materialistic reality, to let the research's problem to emanate through the reply of this question ( Did works of Khwan Miro include features of alienation?), the research aimed to ( Identifying the features of alienation in the paints of Khwan Miro), while the boundaries of research were limited to study works of the artist (Khwan Miro) between (1930-1981), and identifying some terms of this study, second chapter included two sections , first one tackled with (Aesthetic and conceptual beliefs of alienation ), second section was about (Approaches of alienation in the modern European painting ), this chapter was finalized with indications that benefit the research as bases to build the tool.
Procedures of research included population of (140) artistic work, being choosing (3) samples of them to the sample of research were picked up by intentional method to meet the research's need, the results were:
1- Dominating phenomena in works of (Khwan Miro ) was the ability to play with forms as same as in all samples.
2- Forms of modifications and their applications were contrasted in the products of (Khwan Miro) according to contexts of drawing structures as in all samples.
Then recommendations and suggestions of the researcher about the research.

The first chapter addressed the problem discussed in this research, which is the topic of kindergarten and its problems in several fields such as conferences, seminars, studies and research. The educating and qualitative conferences confirmed the existence of a problem in the performance of kindergartens, which recommended greater attention from the concerned and relevant parties. Thus, several problems were identified in the educating process in the kindergarten stage in its various aspects, including the poor performance of kindergartens in the administrative and technical fields, as well as the importance of research for governmental educating institutions in the private and public sector. This chapter addressed also the objective of this research. Which is, to build a calendar of artistic activities in kindergartens according to the fields (teacher curriculum and methods of teaching it - activities and events) as well as the limits of the research, which included kindergartens in education directorates in the city of Baghdad (Al-Russafa) for the academic year 2010-2011. The chapter was concluded with the definition of terms (evaluation-kindergarten).

The current research presented innovative design technical visions for women's fabrics inspired by some microimages (covid 19), by presenting a proposed set of these images to some of the specialist experts of university professors in order to choose their suitability and appropriate to the directions of the research, the design of fabrics worn by members of society in general and women in particular is a reflection of this society with its scientific, technical, industrial and cultural progress as well as its cultural advancement and what benefits it by the ability to generate and put forward innovative ideas. It is the employment of a new phenomenon in which the effectiveness of the design show in how to formally employ the icon of corona (covid 19) in the designs of contemporary women's fabrics, has been identified corona icon in the designs of contemporary women's fabrics, as well as the definition of terms in the title of research and procedural definition of each term. Which included the research community and limited to the designs used in The first topic is formal employment in design, but in the second research, the indicators of the theoretical framework were followed by the research procedures, followed by the third chapter, which included the research community and was limited to the designs used in women's fabrics in the websites of the 40 models

The discussion of China & its role in the world & the broader Middle East gained important especially , according to the many changes on the world during the period between the end of the twentieth century & the beginning of the twenty-first century, the most prominent of which was the obvious imbalance between the great powers, the collapse of the ( former) Soviet Union, the emergence of some forces trying to impose themselves on the international scene, the accelerating trend towards trade liberalization , globalization of the economy, the state of regional tension & the delayed of the peace process in the broader Middle East .

After the outbreak of a serious epidemic disease that has widely spread in the world since the end of 2019 and turned into a pandemic, the World Health Organization (WHO) has taken the initiative to take steps and stances necessitated by its functional and international responsibility being the global organization responsible for such a task.
Actually, the actions of the international organization were not without criticism and skepticism concerning the approach and method of dealing with the pandemic, This, perhaps, could be attributed to a global precedent dating back to 2009, whereby WHO had been criticized when the swine flu virus turned into a pandemic according to the organization's viewpoint, although it was not that dangerous to attain the level of being a pandemic.
Additionally, some people believed that the WHO was not neutral in its dealing with the major countries related to the causes that led to the disease, as some accused it of being biased towards one country without another. This in itself calls into question its credibility as a specialized global organization.

The Antarctic Treaty, which was signed in 1959, is one of the important international treaties whose topics have varied, and it has branched out with the diversity and multiplicity of the signatories. It is truly one of the most important international treaties and agreements that have achieved important results, and the world has spared more conflicts and wars, and perhaps the reason for that is not only due Because of the intentions of the signatories to it only, but also due to its value to everyone, especially with the benefits it achieved for them, and the benefits of some of them are very strategic and important, because the treaty focused on many of its provisions on the necessity of creating an important part of the world, that is, the polar region, to become part of the conflict system International, and what may result from humiliation Of wars and destruction.
The treaty has strengthened opportunities to create more international demilitarized zones, and may have paved the way to reduce the global arms race, but with its peacefulness, however, it has not escaped a race to extend influence in one way or another, especially among the three largest countries, the United States of America, the Soviet Union, and China, especially In recent years, which have witnessed mysterious attempts, some of those forces are under the name of scientific revelation. The stability of that treaty allows the international community to expand its political choice towards the peaceful solution of problems, by establishing a system of international treaties and agreements.

In light of the new changes, the media has become able to formulate the awareness, culture and identity of peoples to a large extent in contemporary societies, due to the mechanisms they have specialized in influencing and generally represented in the varied repetition of the media message and the ability of the media discourse in dealing with different issues as well as providing information and its abundance And its extensive explanation, and it has become very clear the extent of the great effects that individuals' exposure to the websites of the various Iraqi newspapers can have, which for many forms an essential part within the activities of their daily lives, despite the multiplicity of tools and media outlets in what is called today the new media.

This research aims to investigate the relationship of social media networks with creating a state of social panic due to the spread of the Coronavirus (COVID-19) or the exercise of these networks for their social responsibility in spreading awareness to create a state of social commitment for individuals in different societies, where the researcher relied on the descriptive-analytical approach and the sample size reached (300) units from the age group (20-59) collected online from users of Social media networks. As for the research tool, it consists of a scale prepared for the current research that contains (34) questions. A section of it dealt with the use of all kinds of social media networks and the other section was devoted to social panic. Factor analysis has been adopted by the method of the basic components of data analysis to reach the results, the most important of which is that the social media networks have contributed effectively to reducing the levels of panic represented by psychological pressure, anxiety and panic about the presence of the virus and the potential of getting the infection by the research sample units, there are statistically significant differences on the scale According to the mean of the research sample and the hypothesis of the hypothetical mean, and that the difference in favor is due to the research units from those whose total degrees exceed the hypothetical mean.

The research deals with a field study on the ethics of television advertising and the limits of commitment according to the target public’s vision (consumers) away from the contents of the advertisement which appear on TV channels. As the research problem is embodied in the presence of a contradiction between legislation, laws, ethics and rules that regulate the publication of advertisements on one side and advertising practices on satellite channels on the other side.
Interpretation the reasons for this contradiction which the researcher foxed on the originality based on the concept of TV advertising ethics and the negative trend in advertising and the laws organizing advertising relying on the scientific heritage on the one hand and measuring the limits of adherence to the laws and ethics of television advertising by advertisers based on the opinions of the target public’s by the advertiser. By relying on the survey method, which is a standard model for the steps of collecting data from the human vocabulary. Regarding to, the research tools were identified based on the questionnaire form and the multi-dimensional television advertising criteria scale, which the researcher built
The research was divided into three main topics represented by the methodological framework for the research and the theoretical framework as well as a private topic on the results of the field study and the results of the research. The research was concluded with a discussion of the most important results of the field study.

Specialists in the field of politics and media clearly indicate the impossibility of the public relations function being absent from the work of political parties, being the mirror reflecting their party programs and policies as well as “their constant endeavor to establish relations of affection, trust and belonging between the various parties involved in the political process, and this will not be achieved unless it is won Public trust and knowledge of its orientations and this depends on the function of public relations in the organizational structure of the political party, this research tries to clarify the reality of the work of marketing public relations in the new Iraqi political parties in addition to knowing the communication activities that they employed in their pages on the website (Facebook) to deliver the party’s message and introduce its policy and programs The electoral results of the research: The results of the research revealed the interest of those in charge of the pages of political parties in the identifying elements of the shape of the page. Main, to communicate its activities, programs, visions and orientations without paying any attention to employing people Other electronic sites, research recommendations: The researcher recommends the need to pay attention to the work of public relations and give it a prominent place in organizing the political party, as it is the woman who reflects its electoral program and the link between it and the public. Those in charge of the party’s pages on the Facebook site should pay attention to employing other languages aimed at the public. And also, "the necessity to seek the expertise and advice of public relations specialists in how to prepare programs and campaigns that form a positive mental image for the political party and reflect the policy of its programs to the public."

The article expresses various ideas, and it is the language of the writer who controls the transmission, interpretation and analysis of events. The author of the article presents his thoughts, feelings, and opinions in a specific format. The research represents a study of the representation of the critical article in the Iraqi press in light of the Corona pandemic conditions and the revelation of its most prominent techniques that earned it privacy due to its educational and informative role for society. The research has been divided into an introduction and two chapters. The introduction dealt with several main axes revolving around the definition of the article, and the essential characteristics of it. As for the first chapter, it included the language of the critical article and the disclosure of its most prominent features.

The researcher has taken a study of agricultural production in the neighborhood of the district with a scientific problem, the purpose of which is to reveal the nature of its distribution and to explain the impact of natural and human geographical factors on agricultural production in the judiciary, to explain the reality of agricultural production in detail in the study and explain the spatial variation of agricultural production in the light of its relations with natural and human factors This is what the study of quantitative variables showed by adopting the method of quantitative analysis using different statistical methods such as (concentration index) and Lorenze Curve guide. This study revealed the diversity of grain crops in terms of area and production in the provinces of The study showed that there is a concentration in the area of cereal crops in the province of (Jamiliya), but as for the evidence of concentration, the production of cereal crops has emerged, a concentration in production in each of the provinces (Atteer, Gharbia, Jamiliya) .The research showed that there is a concentration in the area of cereal crops in each of Districts (Bahia, Sulaymaniyah, one-third of the carrot). As for the concentration of production, it was found in the districts of (Bahia, Sulaymaniyah).
The districts of the study area varied in the degree of concentration and diversity of fodder crops in terms of area and production, as it appeared that there was a concentration in the area of fodder crops in each of the provinces (Jamiliyeh, Merian). As for the digital concentration guide for the production of fodder crops, it appeared in each of the district (Jamiliyya, Mrayan, Sulaymaniyah), while concentrations appeared in the area of vegetable crops (winter and summer) in six provinces, namely (Twaysat, Maribi, Gharibawiya, Bahia, Al Manara and Al Sawaid, Sulaymaniyah). As for the digital concentration guide for the production of vegetables crops, a concentration in production appeared in all The districts of the study area, except for Twissat, also showed that The boycott area of the study varied in the degree of concentration and diversity of palm and fruit crops in terms of area and production. It appeared that there was a concentration in the production of palm and fruit crops in all provinces of the study area. As for the digital concentration guide for the preparation of palm and fruit crops, concentration appeared in two provinces only It is (Rashidiya, one third of the carrot). The districts of the study area varied in the degree of concentration of numbers of sheep and goats, as it appeared that there was a concentration in the numbers of sheep in all the districts of the study area except for three provinces which are (Rashidiya, Al-Manara and Sawaid, one-third of the carrot) which tend to Diversity in the raising of food Sleeping and goats. As for the preparation of cows and buffalo, it appeared that there was a concentration in the numbers of cows and buffalo in all the provinces of the study area except four provinces which are (Jamiliya, Gharibawiya, Rashidiya, and a third of the carrot) that tend to diversify in raising cows and buffalo, while the degree of concentration of production Fish, poultry and bees, as it appeared that there was a concentration in production in all provinces of the study area.

The current research focuses on the problem of the environmental impacts of the work of the industrial cycle refinery complex in the capital, Baghdad, represented by gaseous emissions, liquid and solid wastes, and visual and audio pollution, as due to many factors that come in the forefront of the issue of obsolescence and failure to implement plans for the continuous development and maintenance of the complex facilities, which are supposed To keep pace with the technical development of the oil industries in the world, and the research relied on two methods, namely the office study in addition to applying the questionnaire form to a sample of (400) respondents that resulted in reaching important results in terms of pollution levels emitted from the complex.

Traffic accidents are one of the most prominent problems that human societies suffer from, because they have become one of the causes of innocent people deaths, as they drain a lot of money and human energies that can be invested in other areas and have a great benefit for members of society, so this study came to stand On the most important causes and factors that led to the occurrence of traffic accidents, the distribution of the places of their occurrence and their preparation on the districts of the governorate, in addition to studying some indicators of risk and the consequences resulting from them and analyzing the data related to the characteristics of the accidents by referring to the reports of traffic accidents in the governorate for the year (2018) and drawing conclusions that show the size of these accidents and what Recommendations that may reduce the severity of these accidents .

Rousseau's philosophy of feeling requires an deep look at Rousseau the human, Rousseau the educator, in his isolation and social contract, In his waking dreams and confessions, In the pages of his articles between science, art and music, As well as the original disparity between people and languages, and the innate religion. In this paper, we aim to identify the common denominator between these interdependent contradictions knowledge. We follow a comparative analytical method. We are here with the philosophy of a poet whose heart has been solicited to do justice to the music with a romance of free passion, And intellectual class trips full of intuition and sensations, Rather, it is the philosophy of a poet who turned his heart to do music with romance from free emotion, he love nature as a solo traveler to fly in it with his breathtaking imagination and its striking aesthetic descriptions .It is a philosophy introducing a new system of feeling and reason inaugurated by its Copernican revolution in morality, which Kant will later endorse. It is a philosophy that requires that we take the commandment of its owner, We have to survey our heart, And to "read Rousseau until the beauty of his phrases ceases to seduce our feelings". Only then can we examine it carefully and with reason, So did the philosopher of critical idealism , Let us conclude with the result of our reading of the concept of a feeling of transitioning with Rousseau from moral sense to conscience.

It is that from the wisdom of the wise manufacturer who established the nature of man , taught him the statement , to speak for understanding and the book to communicate to the text to make the human selves ranked by God thanks to him from his servants, where he makes his message and distinguishes them by nature. Also informs them of perfection and what is overflowing with them teach him to perform his mission and his honesty, so they know the unseen with the permission of their God and what will be the affair of the people and the affairs of the witness and the absent. They receive from the order of Al-Mighty God what is hidden from the reasonable affairs of creation and the Creator with what has to do with their other happiness with the statement of the conditions of the afterlife expressed the energy of their minds is borne by the public laws that are entrusted to their happiness and their brothers, bypassing the minds of intelligent philosophers and atheists while creating reasons to respond to them and prove the need for such selection to establish a law governing all humanity …

This research aims to show the educational ideas of the ancient philosophers of Greece ,so we found the philosophers of the natural school, and the philosophers of the Elysian school and syncretic school Despite this , we found some, among the philosophers of these school , Including thales ,Heraclitus ,waxano, Anaxagoras and Demeritus, who mentioned some of the moral and educational commandments ,for The purpose of refining the morals of people, and intended to build a healthy society .as for the sophist school ,we found educational ideas, but some of them are positive ,provides advice and guidance in raising Achild and caring for him while others are negative, hostil to mental research and constitute a negative attitude towards the direction of knowledge and virtue .the Pythagorean school is a school in itself that Is characterized by a discreet educational system, a careful mental curriculum ,and people circulate some of its teachings, which were called to social political and her educational ideas were dyed with a religious character.

Both philosophers David Hume and Bertrand Russell deal with the concept of the causality in its many aspects, and this concept cannot be taken in isolation from the overall context of the philosophy of both philosophers. In the sense that there are basic principles that frame their philosophy, in general they are what led them to these conclusions about the concept of the causality
Hume, the extreme experimentalist, is not expected to accept a concept like the causality as a pre-experimental mental concept. The philosophical framework in which he moves cannot lead to such a result, and the same is true for Russell
This research attempts to deal with this problem.

Many Israeli writers dealt with the character of the Arab woman in their literary productions, such as the story, poetry and novel. Nevertheless, it offered many Hebrew playwrights a kind of arbitrary treatment, when they find themselves facing a modern world in which the Arab people are waging war against Israel's occupation. Then, some of them deliberately continued to distort the tendentious deform the image of the Arab women character in particular. Some writers tended to present a realistic image, and there was a tangible improvement in the image of the Arab character. Furthermore, it became the operator of a large space within the play, and some plays included only Arab feminist figures. Hajit Yaari performs her roles in the play, as this study deals with the representation of the Arab woman in the Hebrew theatrical production. In one of the West Bank villages, she started to describe the social, political and economic conditions and their effect on Arab women when she wrote the play 'Abeer' in 1992. For the first time in the history of the Hebrew play, the events of the whole play revolve around five Palestinian Arab women, after the Arab women was a secondary element in the play, became the main engine of events inside it.

The source of pride for Arabs is poems and considered one of the ancient Arts. It is one of the Ironic important poems since the ancient eras due to the great relationship of irony to the people daily life in political and social issues. This paper tries to express and identify the concept and the types of defamation at the Arab and Persian literature. Jibbran Mahmood identified defamation as:
1-It is a type of Lyrics stands for sarcasm and distressing critics, and sometimes lead to abuse, hurtful laugh.
2-Defamation division. It was remarked, that personal defamation has never given that concern, opposite to the social and political irony that given much concern.
In chapter two, we realize the importance of the beginning and dispersion of defamation in Arabs and Persian Literature. The age of ignorance started at the Arab Nation's Literature and begun at the Persian literature at the end of third century and earlier of fourth century. We can see the defamation poetry in the peak at the Abbasid time due to the both people suffer (Arabs and Persians).

Comparing the grammar of the German language with a Semitic language such as the Arabic language leads to the size of the gap and the big differences between the rules and systems of the Arabic language compared to the German language. The topic of this research deals with comparing the qualitative verbs in the German language and the equivalent in the Arabic language. Modal verbs are six active verbs that have special syntactic rules that differ from other verbs in terms of construction and composition. They are irregular verbs and have specific conjugations with personal pronouns, whether in the past or present tense, they often require an infinitive verb written at the end of the sentence to complete the meaning. This verb is a main verb, and these verbs take the second position in the sentence and are inflected according to the subject, while the main verb comes at the end of the sentence without any conjugation, and these verbs are: allow, can, wish or desire, should, should, want.

The criticalness of cultural issues served as the premise to examine the cultural issues in English-Arabic translation under Newmark's theory. Using a legitimate and fitting method in overseeing CSIs is one of the crucial stresses of every mediator. To this end, the present examination endeavored to show how cultural issues in English-Arabic translations are tended to cause problems in translation. In Newmark's (1988) theory there are 17 methodologies for translation of culture-explicit issues and one of them is a componential examination which is characterized by Newmark (1988) which was adopted in the present study. The results of the study revealed that the distinctions in terms of religious terms among Arabic and English translations of the participants were the most significant cultural issues in English-Arabic translation. The observed cultural issues in English-Arabic Translation were religion-text- related terms which were translated under the influence of religious culture of the Arab participants. The main implication of the study is the significant impact of religion-based cultural issues in English-Arabic translation.

With the aim of investigating the lexical cohesive devices, a short story from the American literature; namely, “The Tell-Tale Heart” by Edgar Allan Poe, is tackled as the data of study. The study adopts the framework of Halliday and Hasan’s (1976) by which two major categories of lexical cohesion; reiteration and collocation are examined. To make the investigation possible, a full explanation of the lexical cohesive devices in both English and Arabic is presented to have a vivid image of the differences and similarities between them and to discuss their possible effect on translation. A mixture of qualitative and quantitative research method is employed to calculate the frequencies of each device in Poe’s “The Tell Tale Heart” and Al-Halawani’s (2015) Arabic rendition and their percentages. The results obtained reveal that lexical cohesion in Poe’s short story is founded on repetition, synonymy and collocation but the inadequate command of these devices by the translator leads to the distortion of translation.

Bilingualism can refer to the ability to preserve linguistic skills, to a certain level, at two separate linguistic systems, in the four linguistic skills: listening, speaking, reading, and writing. It is closely-connected to social, psychological, economic, and political factors. The aim of this study is to answer the question whether mastering languages can have a kind of influence, whether positive or negative, on the intelligence and then on the scholastic achievement of bilingual students versus the intelligence and scholastic achievement of monolinguals. Literature shows different levels of effects on the different aspects of intelligence. Some studies are in favor of the bilingual approach, others prefer the monolingual approach, and some show no significant effect of learning languages on intelligence and performance.

The decision recently taken by Iraqi universities to adopt e-learning as a teaching and learning mode has its own pedagogical effects. This is mainly represented by replacing the traditional physical setting by a new virtual one widely opening the door for new learning opportunities. Highly demanding as it is, e-learning is not without drawbacks. especially in the domain of English as a foreign language (EFL) teaching. EFL e-learners have different levels of proficiencies and weaker ones tend to be left behind as they are more reserved and shier compared to their more eloquent peers. Hence, this paper attempts to identify factors that potentially affect (EFL) e-learners’ ability to learn online and steps that could be taken to rectify issues related to weak and shy EFL e-learners. Based on the analysed literature, four critical areas were identified and they are: i) lack of cognitive abilities; ii) lack of metacognitive abilities, readiness and motivation to learn language online; iii) lack of interaction with peers and teachers and iv) use of inappropriate or unsuitable EFL content.

The key concept of this article is to investigate the application of structuralism, in addition to presenting a theoretical material that helps in understanding the literary text in general and poetic in particular. This is by standing at the most important principles that have been set in order to analyze the structure of the text, know its system, and reveal the relationships that interact within it and the levels that fall within its framework. Including the concepts that establish to deal with and enter it. Perhaps I find strong and fruitful cooperation between linguists and structural critics in crystallizing the concepts of the text and uncovering the features and dimensions of its structure, and the methods used to enter such a structure.