Al-Rafidain University College For Sciences

Extensible Markup Language (XML) is a coding language that describes the structure of document and meaning, and it used to represent Object -Oriented-Programming (OOP) as Database document files such as Document Type Declaration (DTD) in textual way.
In this paper Reverse Engineering (RE) is used to analysis and document input Object-Oriented-Program (OOP) with (*.java; *.class) extension .After this point the Java XML (JXML) parser used to analysis document data (that it is a result from RE step) to XML tree (TAX) Structure that represent Document data and finally the Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformation (XSLT) used to generate XML files and DTD associative files.
XML is a joint effort to create a genuinely open standard, driven entirely by user needs. These needs include:
• Extensibility: - to define new tags as needed.
• Structure: -to model data to any level of complexity.
• Validation: -to check data for structural correctness.
• Media independence: - to publish content in multiple formats.
• Vendor and platform: - independence, to process any conforming document using standard commercial software or even simple text tools.

Artificial Intelligence is decomposed into a number of sub disciplines that while sharing an essential approach to problem solving, have concerned themselves with different applications, including Game playing, Automated reasoning and theorem proving, Expert systems, Natural language understanding, and Military applications which include command and control, decision support system and training. The success of machine learning programs suggests the existence of a set of general learning principles that will allow the construction of programs with the ability to learn in realistic domains.

Digital watermarking, a technique being used in the copyright protection recently, can be applied to images for the purpose of authentication. The only difference between these two uses of digital watermarking is that the watermarks embedded to an image for the purpose of copyright protection should be very robust to resist any manipulation, while they should be sensitive to malicious manipulations and robust to compressions for the purpose of image authentication.
In this paper a new robust image authentication method, which provides an approach to produce such kind of digital watermarks techniques using adaptive compression related applications is presented. The adaptive 2D decomposition selects 2D wavelet functions based on the compression of the coefficients.

The bivariet Goal Transportation Model has its origin in devising aschedule for shipping products From m origins to n destination , where the product from any origin to any destination is known. Furthermore, the quantity available at each origin and the quantity required at each destination is known .For solving bivariet Goal Transportation Model use Goal programming approach.

Binary streams1 can be tested, using standard tests2. The efficiency of some tests is not remarkable big, because they do not examine some stream features, which are important to be verified [for example, mono-bit test satisfies every stream that consists of approximate one half zeros (i.e. ones), no matter if all of them are consecutive or alternate), and so several tests are to be combined. In our proposed test, distribution of frequencies of blocks3 and gaps4 are determined and for given number of the blocks and the gaps expected distribution of frequencies of the blocks and the gaps is expected. 2 is calculated, and it is checked whether the probability of calculated 2 is above the threshold  of significance. In the same way both distributions (blocks and gaps) are evaluated.

For the modern microprocessors, as pipelines get deeper, or issuing rate gets higher, the penalty imposed by branching instructions gets larger. To reduce this penalty, branch prediction is used. Branch prediction unit is an important part of modern processor architectures. Its responsibility is to predict whether branches will be taken or not taken before they are actually executed.
The application of ANNs have been considered in this work as a good alternative for solving the problem of branch prediction. Single and multilayer preceptron neural nets have been used to design a new branch predictor. The designed neural nets have been tested for different applications.
A comparative analysis and study have been carried out with the other known prediction techniques. The achieved results show very high prediction accuracy.
The prediction accuracy rates are calculated for different types of neural predictors and conventional predictors. It has been concluded that the neural predictors are better than conventional predictors, but in the other side, when using adaptive techniques, the neural predictors are comparable to conventional two-level predictors with the same size of input. Regarding the same hardware budget, neural predictors are the best, but they might take more
time for computing branch prediction than conventional predictors.

As it been mentioned by D.R Merk in 1994 that the method of indeterminate coefficients for constructing a Liapunov function is not suitable for every problem.
Anew theory give in [ 2 ] and in this paper we generalized this idea in which is applicable for more extended problems. The prove of this idea is given with example.

Dynamic Substitution is a replacement for the week exclusive-OR combiner normally used in stream ciphers . Dynamic Substitution is generally nonlinear , with substantial internal state . Multiple nonlinear combining levels are practical, as are selections among multiple different combiners . The resulting strength can support the use of weaker but faster keying generators . Additional strength is available in " hardened " and customized versions .

In this paper, the MFCC feature(technique) is examined for isolated-word speech recognition . The combination of several entropy feature with the above , techniques are studied . It is shown that this combination introduce a more accurate results.
The result of applying MFCC alone was 77.55%.The result of using feature entropy was 57.83%. But the result of combination of the above two features together was improved to 87.75%.

A steiner system can be defined by the triple S(t,k,v), where every
block Bi, (i=1,2,…,b) contains exactly K-elementes taken from aset V-elements; every two distinct block Bi and Bj have at most (t-1) elements
in common of V, the set V usually called the base set.
Steiner system can be represented geometrical by letting the varieties be “points” and representing a block by “line” (not necessary
straight ) through the points it contains . In this paper we connected
between Steiner system and geometry where we’ll find all blocks of S( 2,
p+1,p + p+1 ); p is prime number using cyclic Steiner system putting S(2
p+1,p +p+1)in one cycle.

Spallation neutron sources are new generation of neutron sources which offers higher neutron fluxes over currently available sources [1].
In spallation process a heavy material target is bombarded by very high energy particles. Each atoms of the target splits into several fragments with several output neutrons [2].
This research is an improvement to a previous research [3] for using a non-fissile material in the target of spallation neutron sources.
The spallation source of Rutherford Laboratory has been taken as a sample of calculations [4]. In this research, some changes has been made to the geometry of the spallation source to increase its neutron flux production and to improve its performance. These changes are allowed because of using a non-fissile material in the target instead of depleted uranium. Tungsten and Tantalum has been tested as a fuel in the target. Neutron production from these materials have been found to be very close to that produced from depleted uranium target after changing the composition of the target and geometry of the source.

The present paper includes a theoretical study concerning the effect of specifications for absorber flat plate collector (collector plate temperature, outlet temperature, storage volume and the collector area) on its performance, also its effected on flow rate of fluid and the efficiency of flat plate collector. The present data have been compared with other studies.