Al-Qadisiyah Journal for Engineering Sciences

The Establishment manger in need in this time for following the scientific study to evaluate the duty of the factory .
This research aims to study the status of the factories which belong to construction fied in Iraq , as the systeme of oplication of ideal production mangment and evaluat the working duty of those fatories .
To achieve the aim of research , we design a computer program for measuring working duty of factory which belong to construction field .
Also we discover that some factors controlled the process of production specifying in the factories which belongs to construction field in Iraq and these factors are (supplying by the electricity in continual way which gave warranty to continual of production process .
The results of this program has been designed to measure the work duty of the factory which belongs to construction field according to agroup of pointer which has been resulted from the theortical study of the subjcet . and that has been applicated in cofa cement factory by measuring work duty of 2004 through that has been reached to some results from these the low of benfit scription of free enargy of the factory to 27.5% . But if the factory has been supplied by the electricity in continual way so the scription would rise to 90.5% and this the duty scription of one production line which is working now .
At the end we have been reached to some advices, from these measure the work duty of the factory , seasonly and yearly to evalute the working passing the point of weekness . also has been reached to some sugestions to next resarch .

The courtyard is considered the important architectard elements in architectural design into hot dry regions, architectural elements and social function and unique in contemporary designs. Many studies of studies, the environmental, social, function and implications expressive architectural of courtyard of procedure but they differed in high lighting the role the courtyard for different architectures functions residential, commercial religious, educational, etc. In addition to a lack of knowledge to the courtyard in different building functions therefore seeks to study the courtyard in difference buildings function ancient and modern and indicators of the form and operation of courtyard and describe the impact of the building's function indicators form and operating actors and the election of indicators to be used in process of architectural design for this type buildings.

In this work, an experimental study was designed and conducted to investigate the effect of using Q-bond panels on a typical wall at Iraqi local winter conditions. The Q-bond panel's dimensions were 1 m2 x 3 mm thickness. An air gap of 5cm is made between the wall and Q-bond panel. A through temperature measurements were made on both sides of the wall with and without using Q-bond panel all over 10 hours for different weather conditions (sunny , Partly clouded and runny days) on 2 , 5 , and 16 December 2010 respectively, and also for complete two days (24 hours) on 23-24 December 2010(sunny days). A point located in the middle of the wall face was found to be the most representative. The measured amplitude of the inside wall temperature variation with Q-bond was less than that for the same wall without the Q-bond.

The central deflection of the composite simply supported beams is investigated in this research. Fiber glass as a synthetic fiber , jute as a natural fiber as well as the egg shell ,starch as a powder, and coarse corn and tiny corn as a grains with polyester as a matrix are used to study the difference between the behavior of each type . In addition to, the effect of the moisture absorption is considered, so that the test specimens are immersed in distilled water and H2SO4 for seven days .The results show that H2SO4 has a significant effect on the flexural behavior(increase the deflection) of the beam .This is due to the chemical reaction between the polyester and H2SO4. Also, the variation of the central deflection with time under constant load is investigated. Finally, from the load deflection relations the stiffness of each material is calculated as well as the modulus of elasticity are evaluated experimentally.

A monopanel system is a new building material system of ferrocement that consists of two thin ferrocement block-like faces and thick layer of low strength, density and cost polystyrene foam insulation between them as a core. The simple structure idealization of monopanel system is that the core provides shear transfer between the faces that provide flexural resistance. Transverse trusses made of steel bars having diameter of (3.5) mm which serve as tie reinforcement to prevent the thin ferrocement layer from local buckling, have been used in this research and they are connected by inclined steel bar forming trusses shape making an angle equal to 60° with the longitudinal bars. The core material can be made of low cost materials such as aerated concrete, expanded polystyrene concrete, polystyrene foam, which is used in the present research work.
Monopanel systems can be constructed on site or produced as precast units with very accurate and controlled dimensions. They can be used as walls, slabs, beams, columns and other types of similar construction. Such panels should therefore offer an excellent structural system not only for low cost housing but also for low-rise buildings (up to three stories) such as residential units.
The main object of this research is to present an experimental investigation on the behavior and load carrying capacity of monopanel columns. The experimental work includes testing nine monopanel columns, and has been investigated the effect of a different depths of monopanel columns on the behavior and the ultimate load capacity. Also comparisons of these results with the ACI-318M-08 code formulations have been made.

An experimental investigation to recover the nickel from ash of residue of fire power station using ammonium hydroxide was conducted. The experiments were conducted in 0.6 L glass baffled reactor with multi speed mixer. The effect of different rotational velocities studied ( 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 rpm ) and different temperatures were ( 50, 60, 70 and 80)ºC and it was found that the recovery of nickel increased with increasing rotational velocity till the 600 rpm while there is no change in nickel recovery with increasing temperature till 70 ºC. Controlling steps were investigation and it was found that the transfer through the film surrounding the particle (interphase) is the controlling step.

The aim of this research is studying the effect of the fibers orientation on the reinforced aluminum specimens. The fibers are made of uniform carboin (0-90) of a volumetric fraction equal to 0.8%. This is for all the reinforcement fiber orientations, using Sikadur -300 resin as connection stuff. Three fiber orientations reinforcements have been used. These orientations are: circular, longitudinal and helical. Then twisting test has been carried out for all the specimens. The test proved that the circular reinforcement improves twisting property, and the helical orientation gives less improvement, while the longitudinal one gives no improvement in the twisting property.

In this study an experimental work has been conducted to investigate the natural convection through a rectangular enclosure fixed horizontally. The upper surface for the apparatus has been heated and cooled. The test apparatus has been manufactured first, and then thermocouples have been fixed in proper positions. Then many readings, for temperatures, have been registered for each thermocouple. These readings have been taken for different mass flow rates of cooling water with different heat fluxes. These experiments have been conducted for the range of Rayleigh number , and for the range of water mass flow rates in cooling region (0.009 kg/s≤ ≤0.04 kg/s). Four tests for each mass flow rates of water have been conducted, for each one of them five values of heat flux have been used in heating. It has been noticed that the surface temperature of experiments section increased to approach from heating region and the same behavior of temperature inside the section, with appearance stagnation region and not change of air temperature on center region for the apparatus. The study shows that Nusselt number decreases by (50.4 %) in cooling region, and Nusselt number value increases by (33%) in heating region as the mass flow rate of water decreases by (77.5%) for the highest and lowest heat flux. Also, Nusselt number decreases by (57.5%) as the heat flux decreases by (95%) for the highest and lowest water mass flow rate. An experimental correlation has been adopted between average Nusselt number against average Rayleigh number (Ra) for both heating and cooling region is .

This work presents proposed design of a parallel hybrid transmission with only one electric motor/generator (MG) and without any rotating clutches. The proposed motor/generator integrated hybrid transmission serves to regulate the engine\'s effective gear ratio (engine rotational velocity versus vehicle velocity) by mixing the engine and electric MG powers through a power controlling device. The proposed design provides some of the benefits and flexibility of a power-split design but using conventional available components in a simpler mechanical layout that makes the design compact, mechanically simple, and operationally flexible. With a control unit, four major modes of operation excluding a regenerative braking capability are shown to be feasible in the proposed hybrid transmission; electric motor mode, engine mode, engine/charge mode, and power modes. Continuously variable transmission (CVT) capability is provided with the engine/charge mode and with the power mode. The power mode can be further subdivided into three hybrid sub-modes that correspond to the direct drive, under-drive, and over-drive of a conventional automatic transmission.
The feasibility of the proposed hybrid transmission is demonstrated with a numerical example employing a simple gear train. In this work a controller is designed to vary the speed of the vehicle for different driving conditions. All basic driving conditions for a car are studied and identified. The new controller is implemented by using fuzzy logic and simulated in MATLAB/ Simulink.

Recently, there has been an increasing interest in the development of bicycles speed changers. Multi-speed changers allow cyclists to pedal at their most efficient pace at different road conditions. In this paper, a modified solution technique based on a flawed previous one is presented to investigate the kinematics, the torque distributions and the power flow through one-degree of freedom planetary gear trains. Nomographs are used as a design tool to enable the designer to simultaneously visualize these one-degree of freedom variables without first selecting a particular PGT and without the need to solve equations repeatedly.
After that, these techniques will be applied to design a three-speed automatic speed changer. Three design examples are demonstrated to illustrate this modified methodology.

This study investigates the effect of rotating horizontal single or multi cylinders on mixed convection heat transfer in an equilateral triangular enclosure filled with air. The governing equations for the steady, laminar, two dimensional, incompressible flows with Boussinseq approximation and constant fluid properties are solved numerically using the finite element method with FlexPDE soft package. Three cases are performed: single rotating cylinder, three rotating cylinders at the same direction and three rotating cylinders at different directions. The main parameters are: Rayleigh number ( ), Prandtl number ( ), the dimensionless angular velocity (Ω=0-1000) (for both directions clockwise CW and counter clockwise CCW) and dimensionless radius of rotating cylinder (R=0.1-0.25). It was found that the average Nusselt number for the single or multi rotating cylinder is increased with increasing Ra, R and Ω for all cases. Also the average Nusselt number of single rotating cylinder is greater than the multi rotating cylinders for the same ratio of the solid cylinder or cylinders volume to total enclosure volume. The results are compared with other authors in the literature and a good agreement was seen.