Sciences Journal Of Physical Education

God has created people with different abilities as they lived and grew up in different environments and conditions also resulted in diversity and great disparity among them. This diversity exists in the student community as well. Some of them have good language, speed of writing and slow understanding, This is a natural matter. The main thing is to compare the person with the better than the one in the field of ambition and achievement to stimulate himself towards success. But there is a kind of comparison that can be called negative comparison, so that the student compares between himself and his colleague on a specific side, It is very difficult to memorize and remember when need to feel tension and a sense of lack rather than motivation for more work, accumulating negative feelings with the accumulation of comparisons until it reaches the sense of despair of his abilities and this is undoubtedly a self-destruction.

The objective of this study was to identify the effect of ballistic training on the length and frequency of the step according to the stages of performance and achievement of 100 meters runners. The sample of the study included students of the second year of college of Physical Education and Sports Sciences , University of Kirkuk, 24 students divided equally into two groups (experimental and control) and each group (12) students. The researchers used some tests and measurements for homogeneity and equivalence between the two research groups by (3) training units per week, and the results of the study showed a clear development in performance and achievement of 100 meters runners in general and the rate of the length of the step and frequency according to the stages of the race. The study showed interest in the good design of the training approach according to ballistic exercises because of their role in the development of stages of different speed.

The experiences of man in his childhood affect effectively his future life. The society, represented by physical, social, psychological and mental specialists , , should find the appropriate alternative to care and protect this disadvantaged group and help them to continue their lives and live a decent life. Many countries give a special care appropriate to their necessity and importance in society.
The physical education has an essential role to build the individual on mental and physical aspects and It is possible to take advantage of the leisure time for this group of children through playing games and sports, which is unique and enjoyable because the sports accompanying the feeling of pleasure and pleasure leads to the renewal of the individual's activity and prepare him to follow his duties again. The research problem focused on the ages (14-16) since it is period of adolescence and care and compassion of the father that should be provided for this stage has psychological and social reassurance through which most of these children can get away from psychological and social problems .
The research significance lies in the use of small games in the development of some of the mental abilities of the beneficiaries at the house of state care and the age group (14-16) Years of the boys, and put them in the hands of the concerned employees and supervisors in this house and the concerned Ministry to benefit from the existence of such a sports program that will give opportunities to develop their sports interests and gain mental abilities that help them to achieve status in their midst, and try to develop their good features so as to be normal people in the society . The purpose of the study was to prepare small games according to the scientific foundations that would develop some physical, motor and mental abilities of the beneficiaries at the house of the state care, and identify their effect on them through these aspects as well as the difference between them. The research community was identified from beneficiaries at the state care in the province of Dhi Qar of the boys and the number of (48) aged (6-18), and the selection of the sample of beneficiaries selected from the State House number ( 24) Beneficiaries of the age group (14- 16) and homogeneity and equivalence were conducted among them in the research variables. The researchers conducted several exploratory experiments on a sample taken from the research community to ensure the ability of beneficiaries to understand the standards used in research and everything related to it and then conduct research tests (pre-tests) Intelligence, and mental perception)
Then, after using the program prepared by researchers on the three groups in terms of small games and some physical and motor abilities, the conduct of post tests and after the collection of data from these tests. The appropriate statistical means were used and then presented in form of tables , analyzed and discussed in line with the results that have showed and conclusions

The objective of the research: Identifying the difference between Erbil volleyball and handball players in the physical and functional abilities specified in the research .
The research sample consist of of Erbil volleyball and handball players for the sports season (2015 - 2016) and by (83.33%). The physical tests were determined by the tests of fitness and the speed of transition (30 m) and explosive power of the lower limbs, and functional tests were determined by heart rate and blood pressure measurement .
After conducting the tests and processing them by the appropriate statistical means of testing (T) for the independent samples, a number of conclusions were reached, the most important of which are the following:
-The superiority of volleyball players on handball players in testing of transitional speed.
-The superiority of volleyball players on handball players in testing of the explosive power of lower limbs.
Handball and volleyball players are equal in the fitness test-
Players. - Balance the number of heart beats and blood pressure in handball and volleyball
The researcher recommended the need for the attention of trainers and players of volleyball and handball of explosive power and the speed of transition and agility effectively in the training approach.

There is no doubt that the advanced level of sports achieved by many countries is the result of scientific progress, which was based on the results of research and studies conducted in this field and did not stop the wheel of development, but studies are still continuing so far for the purpose of obtaining the best training methods and methods that achieve the best level and sport performance .The study aimed at preparing special exercises for the development of some visual abilities and explosive ability and their effect on the accuracy of the scoring through jumping in basketball. The study hypothesized the existence of statistically significant differences between the values of pre and posttest in the test of developing of the optical ability and explosive capability in performing the skill of scoring through jumping in basketball and in favors of the posttest After the application of the prepared approach, the most important results were obtained is the development of the visual abilities and the explosive capability as a result of the use of special exercises. The development of explosive capability and visual abilities led to the development of the accuracy of scoring through jumping point in the sample. The most important recommendations were the need to pay attention to optical concentration and optical tracking and eye and hand compatibility in the training of optical abilities since these capabilities have a great impact in achieving the objectives to emphasize the use of training and tests to develop a variety of optical and physical capabilities in basketball game

The objective of the research is to prepare two types of electronic questions: the probing questions and the c questions, and through the application of the Quiz Creator program and its use in the method of guided discovery and its effect on the learning of a motor chain on the throat in the technical gymnasium, and to identify the best group between groups in learning and maintaining the motor chain. The experimental approach was used and the research community was selected by deliberate method from the students of the second stage of the college of physical education at the university of Baghdad. The results of the lot of the s the research sample were as follows: The first group represents 10 students from Section (A), and the pattern of the probing questions are applied in method of guided discovery. The second group consists of 10 students from Section(f), which applied the pattern of cross-sectional questions in the guided discovery method. The control group consisted of 10 students from the D-class which applied Amiri method . After conducting the pre and posttests and the retention test, (LSD, F), LSD, and the law of the amount of memory loss). The researcher reached a number of conclusions, the most important of which is that the probing electronic questions in the guided discovery method are better than better than cross-sectional questions ,and both of them are better than Amiri method in learning the chain on the throat ..

The objective of the study was to identify the degree of psychological steadfastness and motive of athletic achievement among players of long and short running, deaf and dumb, and to identify the differences in psychological steadfastness and motivate of athletic achievement among players of long and short running, deaf and dumb, as well as the relationship between psychological steadfastness and motive of athletic achievement among sample individuals ..
The researchers used the descriptive research method in a comparative and associative method on a sample of long and short running (deaf and dumb) of (10) players by (71.42), (5) of long running players and (5) (14) players were chosen vertically, and (4) players were chosen to conduct the exploratory experiment. (Wagnild & Young, 1993) and Arabization (Zeinab Abdel Mohsen Darwish, 2014) and the scale of the pysical achievement motive prepared by (Mohamed Hassan Allawi). After the application of the measurements on the sample of the research, the results were processed by (SPPS). The two sample members of the long and short running players "Deaf and dumbe" have a high degree of psychological steadfastness, and the members of the research sample of the long and short running players have a weakness in the achievement of sports achievement. There are also differences in the psychological steadfastness and for the long runners. There are no differences in the motivation of physical achievement among players of long and short running "deaf and dumb". There is a relationship between the psychological steadfastness and motivation of athletic achievement among players of long and short running "deaf and dumb

The study aims to identify the differences between the internal motives and the physical abilities of the players between the teams of the University of Koya and Sulaymaniyah in football.
The researcher used the descriptive approach to suit the nature of the problem. The research community was selected from the players of the University of Koya and Sulaymaniyah in football and numbered (52) players, and excluded (4) players , they are goalkeepers and (6) players are also excluded for the purpose of exploratory experiment. Thus, the sample size of the study was (35) players by (18) for the University of Koya and (17) of University of Sulaymaniyah. As for the statistical methods, the researcher after the data was unloaded with special data and submitted to statistical processing using (arithmetic mean, standard deviation, correlation coefficient and t.test). The most important conclusions reached by the researcher are to generalize the results of this research on the research sample to take advantage of them and to conduct tests and periodic measurements by the trainers to identify the level of their players in other research variables.

In the context of the psychology of creative thinking and the development of active educational strategies, there is an urgent need to find what suits the level of learners and their abilities and their readiness and the amount of time they need to acquire skills, as the learner is the focus of the educational process, when choosing the specific skills for the educational category must be chosen strategy is appropriate to the educated class. The objectives of this research are to identify the impact of the problem solving strategies and the technical education, and what is better in learning the skills of the front-facing service and receiving it with volleyball in the fourth grade students. The researcher used the experimental method in his research and identifies the research community from the fourth grade students of the secondary school of Mitham al-Tamar of (104) students in Maysan. The sample was randomized and divided into two experimental groups with 12 students per group. The first group practiced the technical education strategy while the second group practiced the problem solving strategy . The teaching approach was applied by 2 teaching units per week and for (8) weeks and four tests were conducted for skills .After the pilot was carried out, the pre tests were carried out on 9/11/2014. After the implementation of the approach, the tests were carried out on 13 / 1/2015. .In the light of the the researcher, it was concluded that the strategies of technical learning and problem solving contributed positively to the rapid learning and reception of the front-end service skills of the two groups. However, it had a significant impact on learning the performance of front-end service skills and receiving them from the second experimental group. The researcher recommended using these two strategies as effective strategies in the speed of learning skills and conducting studies and research for the other skills of volleyball and other sports games for the preparatory stage.

The study objective is to identify the effect of the use of some aids and exercises of motor abilities and skill in learning , mastering and developing the weighted skill of the parallel and acupressure devices in the men's technical gymnastics .
The researcher used the educational program on a sample of (30) students from the second stage in the Faculty of Physical Education and sport Sciences of the branches of Applied Sciences and the theory / University of Maysan, divided into two experimental groups (Applied Branch) and a control (theoretical branch) by 15 students per group, 2) Educational units per week for 2.5 months. The approach included exercises on devices (a machine of acupressure and parallel and low devices), tools (rubber ropes, belts) and aids, audio and visual aids. The program continued for 10 weeks, (20) units and two units per week for experimental. The researcher used the principle of gradual education in skill Under consideration for two devices, where initially low and parallel acupressure device a bar and parallel of various heights and a spongy mats under high spongy were used as well as manual assistance ( standing assistants near the two devices). Both groups were given an 60 attempts to use spongy mats for both devices for the purpose of safety and in the attempts by which the experimental group exceeded the element of fear and anxiety of the long weights on the two devices, which are the basis for the performance of the rest of the requirements of the two devices of difficult skills performance.
The research included the most important motor skills, and skills were chosen through the distribution of questionnaires to experts with expertise and experience number (13) experts. The most important results of the research proved the effectiveness of the use of aids and exercises and the motor educational method of skill in teaching the skill in search of the two devices better and had a positive impact in raising the level of performance near optimum for the skill of students by providing safety and non-fear and frequency of injury and therefore raising the level of motor and skill performance of the rest of the skills of the two organs in the practical lectures

The researchers sought to clarify the relationship between the concentration of attention and its relation to the front shoot of the table tennis according to the length of the shooting arm because of its importance in developing the game to the high levels. Where their methodology was a survey in the method of interconnections and relied on the fourth stage students as a society and sample of the research where their most important objective was to identify the concentration of attention and its relation to the front shoot of the table tennis according to the length of the shooting arm. The study continued for the period from 10/2/2016 to 4/4/2016. The main conclusions were that all the sample participants were characterized by the concentration of normal attention and did not distinguish any of the varieties of the concentration of excellent or good, despite the difference in the amount of concentration. The most important thing that the researchers have recommended is the need to pay attention to developing concentration of attention in order to develop accuracy in skill performance and thus accomplish achievement.

The significance of the study lies in the importance of the lesson of physical education as a recreational lesson targeted by most students because of its psychological, physical and mental benefits, relying on the male and female teacher of Physical Education because he/she is the field educational leader who runs the helm of all school sports activities. The objective of the research is to identify the social commitment of the male and female teachers of physical education in the schools of the province of Babylon, and aims to identify the differences in the nature of social commitment between male and female teachers of physical education in schools in the province of Babylon, (23,66%) of male and female teachers of four sectors in Babil Governorate, where the sample size was (163) male and female teachers of sports education out of the research society (651), by 122 male teachers and 41 female teachers. The researcher used the scale of social commitment of the male and female teachers and teachers of physical education in the schools of Babil Governorate, which was built by the researchers. The scale consists of (27) items for four fields. After verifying the validity and stability of the scale, the data obtained by the researchers were statistically processed ( mean , standard deviation, Pearson correlation coefficient, T-test, Ka2 square, relative significance, and percentage), the results were as follows :

The significance of the current research in the study of the basic elements of the psychological aspect by addressing both the psychological hardness and emotional response of athletes to increase physical condition and health because the psychological preparation of athletes is one of the important pillars of the teaching process and to get the level of the concept of competitive behavior has an important role in the performance of sports competitions. The problem lies in the following main question: What is the relationship between the competitive behavior of the athletes with the psychological hardness and emotional response and the main question stem from the following sub-questions:

In today's world, there are many developments and changes in the different fields of life, whether they are scientific, psychological, educational physical ones and in the field of values and ideas, which necessitates the acceleration of these changes and developments to establish ourselves a prestigious position among the developed societies. Among the theories that dealt the subject of appearances of Psychological Modernity is the theory of Inks and Samth. This theory confirms that the channels of mass communication of the fourth stage of the Faculty of Physical Education and sports science are more important than the channels of personal communication of the first stage and the degree of modernity of the individual increase by the amount of education . if the years of study increase, the degree of modernity becomes more since the individual does not find a any experience on the idea or the new opinion. This objective has been achieved by building the psychological phenomena of modernity and its relationship to the psychological stability of students of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Science of the fourth stage. The researchers used the descriptive of survey and correlative relations and comparative studies as it suits the nature of the current research. The research aims to determine the conditions and the relations between the reality and the phenomenon. The method of comprehensive survey was chosen in the selection of the research community. The sample of the building included (114) students and sample numbers (114) students at the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at University of Babylon for the fourth stage.

The research included the main function of specialists in rehabilitation and sports medicine in providing the right treatment that helps in the development of physical activities for vulnerable people and patients by strengthening their health. Rehabilitation researchers must pay attention to how to determine the intensity of training for such persons. Following the above, the researcher tried to use a group of aerobic exercises according to the theory of motor energy in the determination of intensity to rehabilitate and raise the level of diastolic blood pressure, which is caused by the direct lack of peripheral resistance to blood vessels. The significance of research in the employment of exercises proposed to qualify and raise the level of people with diastolic blood pressure and identify of its effect through the application of the study procedures on a sample of infected persons and also contained the first section on the problem of research, which focused on the scarcity of attempts to use the exercises proposed to rehabilitate and raise the level of people infected with diastolic blood pressure in Iraq, and the use of drugs to treat these people who are not aware that therapeutic and rehabilitation exercises "exercises characterized by ease and ability to discharge the evoked within the individual of different emotions such as tension and anxiety, as well as the ability to build the person physically. The researcher must take these exercises and try to identify their health impact through the process of rehabilitation and raise the level of pressure infected by the suffering and the use of all possibilities and scientific means and the adoption of all medical possibilities and assistance to the procedures of this research .