Al.Qadisiyah journal for the Sciences of Physical Education

Abstract
Research summary: The purpose of this study was to determind the impact of special exercises to reduce the bilateral deficit in the maximum strength of the muscles of the arms and achievement in weightlifting for the physically disabled. The researchers used the experimental method in a one-group approach. The researchers identified their research community as the weightlifting physically disabled players of the five Paralympic committees in Diwaniyah. The relative strength of each player was extracted to adjust the body mass variable.
As for the field research procedures, the researchers prepared special exercises to reduce the bilateral deficit of the maximum strength of the muscles of the arms by giving additional loads to weak muscles in a scientific method of the experimental group to determine their effect in reducing the phenomenon of bilateral deficit and its impact on achievement. And after the implementation of vocabulary exercises especially to reduce the bilateral disability for a period of eight weeks and after the post-test was conducted and statistical data were treated using statistical means appropriate for the study. The most important conclusions reached by the researchers are the study sample, which used special exercises to reduce the bilateral disability, has achieved the development of maximum strength of the armsmuscles, which contributed to improving reduce the bilateral deficit between the muscles of the arms, which has had an impact on the development of weightlifting achievement for the disabled.

Abstract
The main concern of any administrative institution in general and sports in particular is to achieve its goals with high administrative efficiency and with the least effort and the shortest time. Determining the success indicators of sports institutions since the beginning of their establishment is one of the most important critical success factors that must be clearly documented for all parties involved in the institution. To achieve a high flow during implementation, which is carried out through the application of good management in all its forms as the most efficient method for implementing and applying what is required, hence the importance of the research and according to those data that the current study touched upon in an attempt to identify the critical success factors and the resulting strategic knowledge enable sports institutions to achieve success in order to move forward and provide the best to achieve the sports achievements that keep pace with the march progress in the world, and the researcher used the descriptive approach in the survey method and correlations to suit the nature of the research problem. The original research community was identified, represented by workers in the national departments for the care of sports talent in Iraq, numbering (313) individuals in the Iraqi governorates. The researcher used the steps of building the scale and the appropriate statistical methods for research Through you, the researcher concluded that the critical success factors are a starting point for building models of success and excellence from by balancing the negatives and positives of facing challenges, to come up with a model that avoids failure by strengthening the positives, and the most important recommendations are the need to focus the talent department on critical success factors for the sustainability of its work in a direction that serves its purpose and achieves its goals.

The research problem appeared in answering the following question:Were modern methods of educational technology used when teaching football subject\'s for the first stage in the faculties of physical education and sports sciences in the universities of the Al-Furat Al-Awsat territory.? The study aimed to identify the most technological means used in teaching football for the first stage of the faculties of physical education and sports sciences. In order to answer this question, the researcher had toIn building a scale (the reality of using educational technology for football).
For the purpose of completing the construction, it was necessary to use the building sample, who are students of the first stage in the faculties of physical education and sports sciences for government universities in Al-Furat Al-Awsat territory (Babylon, Qadisiyah, Kufa, Karbala and Al-Qasim Al-Khadra). The research community reached (462) male and female students, the number of males was (412 ) and females (50) students, while the sample of the experiment amounted to (394) students, and the percentage amounted to 85.38%.As the number of students reached (344) male and female (50) female students were chosen at random and after following all the special steps in constructing the measurements, the scale was adopted and distributed on the sample to draw the results and after treating the results statistically to obtain information according to the answer to the question posed above in the research problem and it was concluded The researcher: The preference of using means that link two senses, such as sight and hearing, at the first levels, such as slides, PowerPoint, films, and others.

Abstract
Despite the modernity of the science of sports management as a derived science in itself, it has an effective role in achieving sports achievements in various fields, perhaps the most prominent of which is the game of basketball. By consolidating cooperation and understanding between members of one team, cooperation is one of the most important principles of sports management to reach the desired goal, which is winning and achieving results at the sporting level. He became coherent, capable of creativity and innovation on the field. From the above, the importance of the research is evident in identifying cooperation and performing the handoff skill in terms of situational leadership for coaches in the Iraqi Premier League in basketball. The research aims to build a measure of cooperation between players in performing the handoff skill in the Iraqi Premier League with reel. Basketball, as well as learning about cooperation in performing the skill of handoff in the Iraqi Basketball Premier League and preparing the scale of Situational leadership for basketball coaches.

Abstract
This section contains the introduction and the importance of the research, as it has been addressed to the skill of the wall, which is one of the important defensive skills in volleyball, as it is an open skill and requires physical characteristics and motor abilities of strength, speed, accuracy and integration of good skills and physicality. These skills and abilities must be developed using modern methods in The science of sports training, and one of these methods is the creation and design of specialized exercises with an electronic device to develop the skill performance of the wall for youth in volleyball. . As for the research problem, it is summarized that the researcher sees that there is a noticeable superiority in the level of the attack at the level of the blocking wall, especially in the individual blocking wall. It is open to attack, and the importance of the study is to prepare a training curriculum using specialized exercises with an electronic device in developing the accuracy of the skill performance of the volleyball block wall for youth

Abstract
This section contains the introduction and the importance of the research, as it has been addressed to the skill of the wall, which is one of the important defensive skills in volleyball, as it is an open skill and requires physical characteristics and motor abilities of strength, speed, accuracy and integration of good skills and physicality. These skills and abilities must be developed using modern methods in The science of sports training, and one of these methods is the creation and design of specialized exercises with an electronic device to develop the explosive power of the legs for the wall of the youth in volleyball . The problem of the research is that the researcher sees that there is a noticeable superiority in the level of the attack at the level of the blocking wall, especially in the individual blocking wall. It is open to attack, and the importance of the study is to prepare a training curriculum using specialized exercises with an electronic device to develop the explosive power of the two legs against the wall in volleyball for youth.

Abstract
With the development of learning and its diversity, the learner has become part of the education process, bears responsibilities towards other learners, and has become a participating and effective element in some educational units, especially since some learners have quick capabilities and capacity in learning. Therefore, it has become necessary to involve them within the unit and to take advantage of these capabilities and capacity in helping their colleagues.
The researcher resorted to using the educational props strategy, which depends on providing all kinds of continuous support to the learner in all parts of the educational unit with a different number of activities and events and not leaving him alone during the learning process, as the learner receives support from the teacher or by a colleague for the purpose of performing the skill well and getting used to it. and mastering them, as well as knowing the extent to which these pillars affect the mental perception of students and the extent to which they are affected by them.

 

Abstract
The gymnasts consist of a range of different movements, including ground movements based on the rug, some movements based on different and multiple devices, and these movements need strategies and methods for the purpose of teaching them. They are movements that have a kind of difficulty in performance, especially since they need very high concentration and continuous support for the learner who performs them.
We must look for the best strategies or methods that achieve this goal, facilitate the process of education, and help learners respond and interact with the learning process
Therefore, the researcher resorted to using the strategy of educational pillars, which depends on providing all kinds of continuous support to the learner in all parts of the educational unit in a different number of activities and events and not leaving him alone during the learning process where the learner receives support from the teacher or by a colleague for the purpose of performing the skill well, getting used to it, and mastering it.

 

Abstract
The research aims to determine the effect of the educational curriculum by using visual tools and aids for people with hearing disabilities to teach some volleyball skills. As for the research problem, the researcher decided to prepare an educational curriculum to teach some skills for volleyball by using visual tools and aids, in which descriptive sign language will be used because it is the closest language according to the opinion of experts and relevant references that can be used to explain motor skills. The researcher identified a community and his research sample. The researcher chose a research sample in a deliberate way, and they are male (2nd second-intermediate) students, and because of the availability of their number, it allows the application of the main and exploratory experiment procedures. In addition, their ages are close, limited to between 13-15, as their number reached the main sample (25) students and the sample represents a percentage (18%) of the total community, the researcher divided his sample into two groups of (10) students for the experimental group and (10) students of the second experimental group. Conclusions: The educational curriculum with tools and visual aids prepared had a positive effect on learning and mastering skills (front-facing transmission). From the bottom, receiving a transmission from the bottom, passing from top to front. Recommendations , It is important to use visual tools and aids in teaching volleyball skills in deaf and dumb institutes because of their role in raising the level of skill performance for learners. Statistical means Arithmetic mean, median, convolution lab t-test, Pearson's lab, Levin's test, Cronbach's lab, coefficient of variation
.

Abstract
Arbitration is one of the important foundations on which the success of any match depends, because of its clear role in the conduct of the game and the fairness of the two teams. Therefore, a great responsibility falls on the referee for the purpose of leading the match and bringing it out in the best way with the least possible errors by making the appropriate decision at the right time.
Therefore, the researcher resorted to using two exercise programs with the Rehacom device and field exercises prepared by the researcher and the supervisor for the purpose of developing the awareness of the environment and decision-making of the referees, which qualifies them and increases their ability to manage matches and deal with various conditions within the game and increase the ability to issue appropriate decisions and thus reduce stress and increase self-confidence To pass the tests of futsal football referees, and this helps to raise the level of arbitration and raise it among futsal referees accredited to the Central Referees Committee of the Iraqi Central Futsal Federation.

Abstract
The researcher resorted to using a set of exercises, including exercises with the Rehacom device and field exercises, which were prepared by the researcher and the supervisor for the purpose of developing visual scanning for the referees, which qualifies them and increases their ability in selective attention and their awareness of the environment in managing matches and dealing with various conditions within the game and increasing their ability to issue appropriate decisions, and thus reducing stress and increasing self-confidence to pass the tests of futsal football referees, and this helps to raise the level of arbitration and raise it among football referees for futsal in Al-Qadisiyah governorate who are accredited to the Central Referees Committee of the Iraqi Central Futsal Federation, The problem of research has crystallized in the errors that occur during the matches of the referees and the lack of attention to some important cases that occur during the matches, due to the refere’s lack of awareness of the surroundings and the low level of selective attention. The reason for this is due to the poor visual scanning of the referees from all sides.

Abstract
The nature of each game imposes different behaviors in terms of the diversity of its skills and the distinction of its performance with excitement and fun, which necessitates the need to enjoy the physical, psychological and skill aspects to a certain extent that requires the speed of movement of the body and its parts repeatedly to maintain its balance in most cases and basketball is one of these games that requires mastery of basic skills Physical and psychological, as the correct psychological construction, especially with regard to the factor of developing self-confidence, is one of the factors that give fruitful results during competitions and through the use of specialized professors and access to many scientific sources in the field of basketball, and the aim of the research is to identify the relationship of self-confidence to some The skill abilities among Kirkuk University Basketball players, the researcher used the descriptive approach in the survey method. The test, and (2) players on whom the reconnaissance experiment was conducted. Thus, the total sum of the research sample is (10) players, with a percentage of (71.42)% of the sample. with the original.
The researcher concluded that there is a statistical correlation between the measure of self-confidence and the skill abilities among of Kirkuk University Basketball players. Psychology has become an urgent and important need, so coaches must perform it from the general preparation period until the competition period

Abstract
The educational field in physical education and sports sciences witnessed significant changes that indicated the interest of specialists and researchers in developing the educational process continuously in order to raise the level of education and learners. Football is one of the most famous team sports in the whole world as practitioners, fans and spectators, and the game is distinguished by its inclusion of many basic skills. Basic skills in football and its mastery are the basic and necessary key to winning the match in the event of mastery after learning and familiarity with these skills.which is the peer learning strategy. Therefore, the research problem is summarized in the following question: Does the use of peer learning strategy have a positive effect on learning some basic football skills for students?.
The research aimed to prepare an educational curriculum according to the strategy of peer learning to learn some basic football skills for students. And to identify the effect of the educational curriculum according to the strategy of peer learning to learn some basic skills in soccer for students and impose the research. There is an effect of the educational curriculum according to the strategy of peer learning in learning some basic skills in soccer for students and in favor of the experimental group. Experimental design (two equal groups) experimental and control to suit the problem to achieve the objectives of the research. The two researchers conducted statistical analyzes, and the researcher concluded that stomach exercises, according to the peer learning strategy,.

The research aims to invent and design a device for training physical abilities according to the line of action of force and angles for some technical stages of the effectiveness of 100 m. To identify the effect of special exercises according to the line of action of strength using the innovative device on some physical abilities and kinematic variables during some technical stages and the achievement of 100 m. As for the research problem, the researcher noted that most of the runners suffer from a problem, the lack of special exercises that correspond to each of the stages of 100 m in terms of the angle of work of the body. The researcher selected a community and his research sample. The research community selected the athletics competitors from the University of Qadisiyah team. Either the research sample are competitors (100m) and their number is 8 contestants (6) were chosen from the simple random method (lot). The researcher used the experimental method in the style of a single experimental group with a pre and post test. Conclusions The innovative device has a positive impact in developing the technical performance of the 100m runners,. The exercises with the innovative device have an impact on the development of the kinematic variables (step length, step frequency, and starting angle) for the 100m runners from the University of Al-Qadisiyah team. Recommendations Innovating other devices in developing the abilities and motor abilities of the 100m runners Pay attention to the exercises on the device because of their great impact in developing the elements of special physical fitness The explosive ability and rapid strength of the contestants’ limbs The effectiveness of the 100m team of the University of Qadisiyah.