Iraqi Journal of Science and Technology

Results of the effects of three different concentrations of the insecticide λ-Cyhalothrin
against German cockroach Blattella germanica (L.) and Brownbanded cockroach Supella
supellectilium (S.) showed that the mortality reached to 87.5, 73.61, 50% in case German
cockroach exposed to 0.3, 0.15, 0.09mg/5g food respectively.It was also found that the
effectiveness of these concentrations after 10 days on German cockroach varied from one
stage of development to another, the gravid females were the least affected stage to the
toxic baits used in this study. Results also showed that Sub lethal dose of 0.09mg/5g food
caused decreases in the mean number of the hatching ootheca to 2.6 ootheca/female and
decreases mean number of hatching nymphs per one ootheca to 9.33 nymph/ootheca
Results also indicated that the concentrations of the same insecticide used against German
cockroache had the samer efficacy on Brownbanded cockroach .

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of FeSO4 and magnetized water on
growth and flowering of Antirrhinum majus \"Snapshot Yellow\" during Fall season of 2009
in the lath house belonging to Hort. Dept./ College of Agric./Univ. of Baghdad. Four
concentrations of FeSO4 (0, 1, 2 or 4 g/l) were foliar sprayed on plants twice, the first one
was applied when the plants were at 4-5 pairs of true leaves; the second application was
implemented a month later. The block of treated plants was irrigated by magnetized water
while, the other was irrigated by ordinary water (tap water). FeSO4 improved the most of growth and
flowering parameters tested. 2g/l of FeSO4 was superior on increasing plant height, no. of
branches/plant, no. of leaves, leaf area, dry weight and leaves chlorophyll content. Treatment (2g/l)
of FeSO4 was effective on flowering as well. Diameters of flowering stem, no. of florets/florescence,
no. of inflorescences/plant were increased. The treatment 4g/l of FeSO4 was superior on flowering
date. Irrigating plants by magnetized water elevated no. of branches, no. of leaves, leaf area, dry
weight, leaves chlorophyll content, diameter of flowering stem, no. of florets/infl. and no. of infls.
/plant. Magnetized water significantly increased no. of branches, no. of leaves, leaf area, dry weight
of vegetative growth, leaves chlorophyll content, flowering stem diameter, no. of florets/ infs., no. of
inflorescences and shortening flowering date.

The result showed that the temperature and relative humidity had some influence
on the biological and ecological aspect of the secondary myiasis fly Chrysomya
megacephala ( Fabricus ) , the study showed that bigger pupe gave higher
percentage of adult emergence . at 31.05 C and 37.0% Rh, the proportion of bigger
pupe developed to adults were 98.0 % , while the proportion of smaller pupe
developed to adults was 52.0 % . In addition , sex – ratio tendency was favor of
males that emerged from bigger pupa and it was 2.4 : 1.0 ( male / female ) while it
was 0.6 : 1 ( male / female ) for the smaller pupae . The relationship between food
consumption and age of larvae was observed . the average of artificial diet consumed
by 1000 larvae was 700 gm .The Flight Ability Index ( F. A. I .) was 96.1 % at 27.0 °C
and 44.8 % Rh , the minimum average was 93.8 % at 35.05 C and 30.1 % Rh .

Unsaturated polyester resin was used as a basis (matrix) in composites, while
Aluminum and Iron powders have been used as fillers. The results showed that an
increase in filler percentage will increases the values of Tensile Strength and the
Modulus of elasticity while Flexural Strength was reduced The results also showed
that the addition of Aluminum and Iron reduces the value of Thermal Expansion
Coefficient. With regard to the Percentage Longitudinal Expansion , values
reduced with increase the portion of both fillers. The addition of Aluminum to the
polymer may impact on the values of the Tg Temperature.

The research gain to chose the best dissolving method to determinate the
element Ca,Mg,Fe,Na by using four methods to dissolve samples were taken from
different matrix (Iraq,Bakistan,UAE and Iran),which already existing in market.
Dissolving method depended upon using concentrated Nitric acid (HNO3),
aquaregia ( 5:0 ) (HNO3:HCl),concentrated hydrofluoric acid (Hf) and Ashing. The
technique used to measure these elements is atomic absorption and direct
circumflex and it showed from the final result that the best way to dissolve these
elements Ca,Mg,Fe,Na was using Ashing then dissolving with (HCl) that its gave
the convergent results to the Portland cement.

Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) is one of the most commonly
used cellular technologies in the world. One of the objectives in mobile communication
systems is the security of the exchanged data. GSM employs many cryptographic
algorithms for security like A5/1, A5/2 and A5/3.
Even so, these algorithms do not provide sufficient level of security for protecting the
confidentiality of GSM. Therefore, it is desirable to increase security by additional
encryption methods. This paper presents the use of DES encryption method for voice
encryption with Random permutation and Inversion, based on current voice channel,
which overcomes data channel\'s insufficiencies and solves the problem of penetrating
the RPE-LTP vocoder (Voice Coder) by the encrypted voice. The proposed method
fulfils an end-to-end secured communication in the GSM; insure a good compatibility
to all GSM networks, and easy implementation without any modification in these
systems.

The main goal of this research is to study the effect of different concentration
S2,4,8,16 mg/L of potassium permanganate with alum 30mg/L on some species of
algae that causing Eutrophication. Results showed reduction of initial productivity
of algae which represented by chlorophyll to 12.880, 5.528, 3.453 and 1.562 mg/L
,respectively, after 72 hour from experiment time comparing with control 206.396
mg/L. This proves decline in the absorbance which reached to 0.013, 0.030, 0.83
and 0.183 nm, respectively comparing with control 0.134 nm ,while the vital
number reachesd to 15.958, 7.993, 7.613, and 0 cell /L, respectively comparing with
the control 39.723 cell /L. Permeability reached to 99.5, 97.5, 100 and 96.5%
respectively comparing with control….. Turbidity rates reached to 3.16, 1.36, 1.26
and 0.14 NTU respectively compared with control which was 23.33NTU.

The mechanical behavior of polymer concrete reinforced with chopped
carbon fibers have been studied in terms of tensile strength ، flexural strength ،
compressive strength and young\'s modulus . Unsaturated polyester resin was used
as a binder at weight fraction 30% ، with three types of fillers silica 20% with
particle size 399 µm ، sand 38-40% with sizes 125-212 m and fine stone 7-10%
with sizes 1.4-2.4 mm ، while the weight fraction of chopped carbon fibers was up
to 5% with length 6.5 mm and diameter is 0.12mm which added as randomly and
in different orientations .The results from this study show that the addition of
carbon fibers leads to improve the mechanical properties of polymer concrete.

This paper presents a monitoring system design and implement for Off-Grid
photovoltaic system. The monitoring system has been designed to monitor the
voltage of the battery energy system and to control it in terms of charging level.
Charging level has been divided into three level which are High, Medium, Low.
Each level has an action to notify about the battery energy storage status. The
benefits of using the control system in photovoltaic systems are to extend the life
time of batteries and minimize the running cost of any Off-Grid photovoltaic
systems. A monitoring system has been designed and implemented in Ministry of
Science and Technology.

The research is focusing on the use of pomegranate peels powder to reduce
hexavalent chromium concentration in the industrial wastewater by batch
processing adsorption. Estimated amount of potassium dichromate was dissolved in
distilled water to get synthetic solution containing hexavalent chromium ions at a
concentration of 40 mg/L. The effect of different parameters such as pH, mixing
time, pomegranate peels powder dose, initial metal concentration on hexavalent
chromium removal efficiency was investigated. Furthermore, Langmuir, Freundlich
and Brunauer, Emett and Teller (BET) isotherm models were evaluated. The results
indicate that the maximum hexavalent chromium removal was achieved at pH 2.5;
equilibrium was attained at 150 minute with 96.7% Cr (VI) percentage removal, and
the experimental results were in agreement with BET model.

Abstract
The objective of this work is to design the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) powered by
solar cells, to provide maximum power which consumes by the electrical motor of the
aircraft during takeoff at its maximum weight 11(kg). UAV was designed to use for multi
purposes tasks civil and military missions, such as surveillance, communication,
intelligence and monitoring. Solar cells power magnitude was checked and selected their
types as Ga0.5In0.5P/Ga0.99In0.01As/Ga triple junction which has got practical average
efficiency limit of 30%, that placed on the upper surface of wing as a matrix consist of 14
raw .Each raw contains 62 cells (0.04m×0.08m). Several advance software programs were
used (Java foil, Advanced Aircraft Analysis version 2.5 (AAA2.5) and the j2 Universal
Tool-Kit for Aircraft Dynamics).All of them, give the perfect aircraft design that is suitable
operation of solar cells to get maximum power which is sufficient to produce maximum thrust for
aircraft motor, and able to complete its mission during steady flight .The residual of solar cells
power can be stored in batteries to use it as a power at night flight. The results were obtained from
the present work which is nearest to the fact have more reliability and accurate by using these cells
which install on the wing surface for producing the requirement power and by using the mentioned
softwares specially J2 software which gives the authority to produce the aircraft due its theoretical
simulation was applied on aircraft configuration with its real dimensions to predict suitable
performance during its flight as a steep before for manufacture to avoid any manufacture cost loses
for the model during test because of the cost of the cells and its position on the wing.

In this work, development of the membrane bio.reactor has been investigated by
combining a moving-bed biofilm reactor MBBR with a submerged ultrafilter
membrane, 0.08 µm pore size, biomass separator. The MBBR technology utilizes the
whole reactor volume for biomass growth, without suffering from “dead” spaces or
short-circuiting issues and no need for sludge recirculation. This is obtained by having
the biomass grow on the surface of specially engineered plastic media (biomedia or
biocarriers) in the form of thin biological layers (biofilms) and have a density of around
1 g/cm3. For that reasons, the HRT will be smaller than MBR. Treatment efficiencies
were found to be high with the production of a consistent high-quality effluent,
irrespective of loading rates on the bioreactor. Membrane performance (fouling) is a
function of the membrane flux and varies with loading rates . Stable operation was
found to correlate to the fate of the low flux, 15 – 20 L/hr/m2 and HRT between 5 – 6
hr. Denitrification reaction efficiency to remove the TN was found to be optimum at
300% sludge circulation from biomass separator to anoxic tank.